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 The rapid adoption of smartphones among Indonesian digital natives has increased reliance on biometric authentication systems. However, empirical evidence regarding the relationship between user satisfaction and security risk awareness remains limited, particularly in developing-country contexts. This study investigates the behavioral dynamics of biometric security perception among 266 respondents, consisting of 221 high school students and 45 university students in Indonesia. A Python-based computational pipeline incorporating Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) validation and 1,000-iteration stochastic bootstrapping was employed to evaluate nonlinear behavioral patterns using Polynomial Regression and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multivariate analysis. The results confirm the existence of a nonlinear Security Paradox. While the overall population demonstrates a positive quadratic trajectory, the university student group exhibits a concave-down parabolic relationship (a=−0.0460), indicating a decline in perceived utility beyond a specific security threshold. The identified behavioral breaking point occurs at X≈5.45 (95% CI: 2.99–20.77), suggesting that excessive security hardening may reduce perceived usability and increase cognitive friction. Furthermore, the ablation analysis reveals that security risk awareness (p<0.001) is the strongest predictor of user satisfaction, exceeding the influence of daily usage intensity. Segment-level analysis further demonstrates behavioral divergence between respondent groups. High school students exhibit relatively uniform satisfaction toward biometric systems, whereas university students display greater variability and more critical perceptions regarding authentication friction. These findings indicate that highly rigid security configurations may become less effective for users with higher digital literacy and risk awareness. This study contributes a computationally validated behavioral framework for understanding security–utility trade-offs and provides a conceptual foundation for developing adaptive, user-centric, and friction-aware biometric authentication systems.

Management psychology is an approach that plays a crucial role in understanding individual and group behavior within organizations, particularly in the ever-evolving educational and work environments. The application of psychological principles to management practice is believed to improve performance, leadership effectiveness, and create a more conducive work and learning environment. This study aims to examine the development of trends, approaches, and key findings in the study of management psychology through a literature review. Furthermore, this study also seeks to answer two research questions: (1) how have management psychology research trends developed over the past five years, and (2) what are the key findings in the educational and organizational contexts. The method used is a qualitative approach by searching various literature sources through the Google Scholar and Publish or Perish (PoP) databases, using the keyword "management psychology." Of the 20 articles found between 2021 and 2026, five were selected as the most relevant for further analysis. The study results indicate three dominant themes: the role of management psychology in education, the influence of motivation and leadership on performance, and its contribution to the organizational adaptation process. The conclusions of this study confirm that integrating psychological aspects into management plays a crucial role in increasing organizational effectiveness. Therefore, further research is recommended to empirically examine the relationship between psychological variables and a broader scope.

Legal education in higher education institutions remains predominantly dominated by cognitive approaches, which have not fully succeeded in shaping students’ character, particularly in terms of integrity, professional responsibility, and legal empathy. This condition highlights the need for learning approaches that integrate practical experience with professional ethical values. This community engagement activity aims to strengthen the character of law students through a clinical legal education-based intervention integrated with professional ethics education. The activity was conducted using a participatory approach involving 35 law students from the Faculty of Law at Universitas Madura over the period from 21 April to 13 May 2026. The intervention consisted of a series of activities, including legal education sessions, basic legal consultations, and structured ethical reflection. The community partners were local residents with limited access to legal information and services.The results indicate an improvement in students’ character scores across several dimensions, namely integrity (from 3.42 to 4.21), professional responsibility (from 3.51 to 4.28), and legal empathy (from 3.37 to 4.35). In addition, more than 80% of students reported that the activity enhanced their understanding of legal practice and the social conditions of the community. The activity also had a positive impact on the community, particularly in improving legal literacy. These findings demonstrate that experience-based legal clinics are effective in strengthening law students’ character while simultaneously providing tangible benefits to the community. Therefore, community engagement activities based on clinical legal education can be developed as a strategic medium for strengthening character education in law faculties.

The swift proliferation of short-video-centric social media, notably TikTok, has revolutionized the educational landscape by facilitating novel methods of knowledge production, dissemination, and interpretation. This phenomenon denotes a transition in media and signifies an epistemological transformation in educational practices within the digital age. This study seeks to analyze the representation and interpretation of knowledge in TikTok educational content using a qualitative methodology grounded in an interpretive case study framework. Data were gathered via digital participant observation, comprehensive interviews, and document analysis involving 12 participants, comprising educational content creators and active TikTok users in higher education settings. Thematic data analysis was performed utilizing a Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis framework to elucidate the interplay among visual, verbal, and auditory components in the construction of meaning. The results show three main patterns: the conflict between quick understanding and deep knowledge, the importance of emotional multimodal experiences in learning, and the negotiation of knowledge authority in changing digital spaces. These results indicate that learning via TikTok encompasses not only cognitive aspects but also intricate emotional, aesthetic, and social dimensions. This study theoretically enhances multimodal discourse analysis by integrating users' subjective experiences, while practically informing the advancement of critical digital literacy and the design of social media-based learning. Moreover, this study facilitates additional investigation into algorithmic dynamics, digital identity, and the evolution of learning methodologies within platform-centric contexts.

This study aims to analyze the role and variation of test instruments in measuring students’ cognitive domain in the learning evaluation process. Using a literature review method, this study examines various scientific sources related to educational evaluation and cognitive assessment. The findings indicate that the cognitive domain includes thinking skills ranging from lower-order thinking skills (C1: Remembering, C2: Understanding) to higher-order thinking skills (C3: Applying, C4: Analyzing, C5: Evaluating, and C6: Creating) based on Bloom’s Taxonomy. Test instruments such as multiple-choice, essay, true-false, matching, and oral tests possess different characteristics, advantages, and limitations for assessing specific cognitive levels. Objective tests are considered effective for measuring lower-order thinking skills because they offer high reliability and objectivity, whereas essay tests are more appropriate for assessing higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). In addition, the quality of test instruments is influenced by validity, reliability, objectivity, difficulty level, and discrimination index. Therefore, the appropriate and varied use of test instruments is essential to obtain comprehensive and accurate measurements of students’ cognitive abilities and to support effective learning evaluation and instructional decision-making processes.

The background of this research is driven by the vital importance of strengthening democratic values amidst the challenges of globalization and digitalization, which have begun to erode civic consciousness among the younger generation, particularly in the Pasir Pengaraian region. As the flow of unfiltered information increases, there are significant concerns regarding the decline in understanding the essence of participatory democracy and civic ethics. The primary objective of this study is to analyze in depth the strategic role of civic education as a means to preserve democratic ideals and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation within higher education environments. The research method employed is a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing observations and in-depth interviews with students and academics in Pasir Pengaraian to obtain an objective overview of local political dynamics. Research findings indicate that civic education serves effectively as a pillar of political literacy capable of transforming student perceptions from apathy to active participation, while also serving as a medium for character building that respects diversity of opinion. Furthermore, the integration of local Pasir Pengaraian values with the national curriculum is proven to increase the relevance and absorption of democratic material among students.

Hypertension is a condition where blood pressure increases above normal limits as indicated by systolic and diastolic values ​​during examination. In Karanglangit Village, the community's low level of knowledge regarding risk factors, prevention and treatment of hypertension is an obstacle in controlling this disease. This service activity aims to increase public understanding so that they are able to implement efforts to prevent and manage hypertension independently. The method used is direct counseling with the help of presentation media and educational posters. The activity stages include completing a pre-test, providing material about hypertension, an interactive discussion session, and a post-test. The activity was carried out in January 2026 at the Karanglangit Village Hall, Lamongan District, with 26 PKK women participating. The results show an increase in participants' knowledge, marked by an increase in the average score from 76.92% in the pre-test to 100% in the post-test. The paired t-test showed a significant difference before and after the counseling (p<0.001), so that the activity was considered effective in increasing community knowledge. Apart from that, participants also better understand the importance of a healthy lifestyle, regular check-ups, and compliance in maintaining stable blood pressure.

This study examines the historical development of education in Malaysia, which has undergone a shift from the traditional pondok system to modern religious schools. This change was influenced by various factors, including social dynamics, colonial influence, and societal demands for a more structured and relevant education system. This study aims to explain this development process and identify the various factors driving this change. The research employed a qualitative approach through literature review, utilizing various sources, books, journals, and scientific documents, which were analyzed descriptively to gain a deeper understanding. The results show that the pondok system, which was initially informal and simple, even focusing only on teaching religious knowledge and moral development, underwent changes due to the influence of colonialism, the development of Western education, and the increasing societal need for formal education. This change gave rise to modern madrasahs and religious schools with more structured curricula, integrating religious and general knowledge, and implementing more systematic methods. The findings of this study confirm that this development did not completely eliminate the pondok system, but rather developed it into a more comprehensive educational system, enabling Islamic education in Malaysia to remain steadfast in Islamic values ​​and adapt to modern demands.

This study aims to develop a sentiment classification method for YouTube user comments related to the game Love and Deepspace using the Naïve Bayes algorithm, focusing on improving the text data processing and understanding user perceptions. Comment data were collected through scraping from YouTube videos, followed by preprocessing including text cleaning, normalization, stopword removal, stemming, and translation into English. Initial labeling was conducted using TextBlob, then the data were randomly sampled for training the Naïve Bayes model. Evaluation involved comparing sentiment distributions and visualization using Word Cloud and bar charts. The Naïve Bayes model achieved an accuracy of 77.36% in sentiment classification. The sentiment distribution shows differences between TextBlob (positive: 1,011, neutral: 1,312, negative: 575) and Naïve Bayes (positive: 901, neutral: 1,627, negative: 370), with Naïve Bayes being more conservative. The Word Cloud visualization identifies dominant words such as "bang," "game," and "main," while the bar chart shows the largest proportion of neutral sentiment. Naïve Bayes is effective for sentiment classification on informal comment data, with significant differences from rule-based methods like TextBlob. This research contributes to the development of text data processing techniques and user perception analysis, as well as opening up optimization opportunities with other algorithms like SVM for better accuracy.

Social media has evolved into a significant platform where consumers freely express their opinions, experiences, and levels of satisfaction regarding various products, including those offered by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The comments and reviews shared by customers on these platforms contain diverse sentiments that can serve as valuable indicators of how consumers perceive product quality. Understanding these sentiments is crucial for MSME owners, as it allows them to evaluate their products and adapt to market expectations more effectively. This study aims to analyze customer sentiment toward MSME products on social media by utilizing the Naïve Bayes algorithm, a widely used classification method in text mining. The data used in this research consist of customer comments collected from various social media platforms. The research process involves several stages, including data collection, manual labeling of sentiments, text preprocessing (such as tokenization, case folding, and stopword removal), and splitting the dataset into training and testing subsets. Subsequently, the classification process is carried out using the Naïve Bayes algorithm to categorize sentiments into positive, negative, and neutral classes. The results of this study demonstrate that the Naïve Bayes method is effective in classifying customer sentiments with a satisfactory level of accuracy. These findings provide a comprehensive overview of consumer perceptions regarding the quality of MSME products. Furthermore, this research is expected to assist MSME business owners in understanding customer feedback more systematically and using it as a basis for improving product quality and enhancing customer satisfaction in a competitive digital marketplace.

Strengthening literacy in secondary education is essential in responding to the demands of 21st-century learning. Teachers play a crucial role in integrating literacy into classroom practices; however, their understanding and skills in implementing literacy-based learning are often still limited. This community service program aims to enhance teachers’ competencies in developing literacy-based instruction at State Senior High School 5 Purworejo through a participatory and sustainable training and mentoring approach. The program involved 30 teachers and was conducted in three stages: preparation and planning, implementation, and mentoring and evaluation. The results show a significant improvement in teachers’ understanding of literacy, with the average score increasing from 62.4 to 84.7. A total of 87% of teachers were able to design literacy-based lesson plans effectively, while 73% successfully implemented them in classroom practice. Positive impacts were also observed among students, who became more active in discussions and more confident in expressing their ideas. Qualitatively, the program revealed a shift in teachers’ perspectives, where literacy is no longer seen as an additional activity but as an integral part of meaningful learning that fosters critical and reflective thinking. Overall, this program not only improved teachers’ technical competencies but also strengthened their professional awareness in creating more meaningful learning experiences. The mentoring process played a key role in supporting this transformation by providing a reflective and supportive space for continuous learning and growth.

this study aims to evaluate the impact of capacity building for village officials in Anjir Seberang Pasar I Village on the effectiveness of village administrative and financial management following the implementation of Law No. 6 of 2014. The primary focus of the study is to measure changes in the competencies of village officials before and after the implementation of technical guidance, as well as the use of the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) application and Internet Banking Business. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, in which data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and the completion of pre-test and post-test questionnaires by respondents consisting of the Village Secretary, Kaur, and Kasi. The results of the study indicate a significant increase in three key variables: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and attitude toward using. Quantitatively, the average validation score from respondents reached 4.53 (on a 5.0 scale), which falls into the “Agree” category regarding the system’s effectiveness. Based on data analysis, the success rate of capacity building for village officials was recorded at 29.23%, with a final understanding rate reaching 91.33%. These findings indicate that practice-oriented and participatory training is capable of improving the technical skills and accountability of village officials in managing digital-based government administration. The integration of Siskeudes and digital banking has proven to have a positive impact on a safer and more transparent payroll system at the village level.

Field Experience Practice (PPL) or internship is a practical course carried out directly in a company according to the student's field of study, with the aim of integrating lecture theory and real work practice. PPL is worth 6 credits and is a mandatory part of the curriculum for undergraduate students at the Putera Bangsa Tegal Islamic Economics College. Students who have not participated in PPL are not considered to have met the academic qualifications as graduates. This program aims to produce competent graduates as academics, researchers, consultants, accounting practitioners, and creative, innovative, and professional Muslim entrepreneurs. Through PPL, students are expected to improve their personal qualities, work experience, and understanding of the business world and development policies. The PPL implementation took place from September 14, 2025 to January 15, 2026 at PT Masanda Jaya. The Sharia Business Management Study Program views PPL as a strategic tool to understand management practices, SWOT analysis, governance, and company strategies in achieving organizational goals. The PPL report compiled by the author has the theme of the FAJAR internship.

The rapid transformation of education driven by globalization and technological advancement demands adaptive learning approaches that align with the characteristics of Generation Z learners. This generation is known for its curiosity, independence in thinking, and openness to diverse perspectives, yet it is also vulnerable to misinformation and negative online influences. Within the context of Islamic education, learning is not solely oriented toward cognitive development but also emphasizes the cultivation of moral values, particularly tolerance. This study aims to explore how contextual teaching methods can contribute to fostering tolerant attitudes among Generation Z students in Islamic educational settings. The research employs a qualitative approach through library research, utilizing a descriptive-analytical framework. Data were collected from various sources, including academic journals, books, and previous studies related to contextual learning, multicultural education, and Generation Z characteristics. The data collection technique involved document analysis, followed by content analysis procedures such as data reduction, categorization, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that contextual learning effectively promotes tolerance by engaging students in discussion, problem-solving, reflection, and real-life experiences. The integration of multicultural values and the role of teachers as facilitators and role models further strengthen this process. However, challenges remain, including limited teacher understanding, the persistence of conventional methods, inadequate supporting facilities, and the influence of social media. Overall, contextual learning presents a relevant strategy for developing open-minded, balanced, and socially adaptive Generation Z learners.

This study is motivated by the importance of understanding theology not merely as a theoretical concept, but as a reflection of faith that is lived within the cultural context of society. In the context of the Dayak community in Central Kalimantan, there is a close relationship between cultural values and spiritual life, thus requiring a theological approach that can bridge the two. This study aims to analyze the praxis model in contextual theology and its application in the life of the Dayak community. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through literature study by examining various relevant sources. The results show that the praxis model emphasizes the relationship between lived experience, faith reflection, and concrete action. Cultural values such as togetherness and mutual cooperation are in line with Christian teachings; however, there are also traditional practices that create tension with faith. The church plays an important role in addressing this through a dialogical and reflective approach. The implications of this study indicate that the application of the praxis model enables believers to live out their faith in a contextual, relevant, and transformative way in daily life without losing their cultural identity.Top of Form

 This study aims to analyze the use of Google Translate in the process of learning English, highlighting its benefits, limitations, and impact on students’ learning quality. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, where data are obtained from various literature sources such as books, scholarly articles, and relevant online publications. The findings indicate that Google Translate is widely used by students as a tool to quickly and practically understand English texts. However, this high level of usage also leads to several issues, including the inaccuracy of translations in certain contexts, increased dependency on technology, and a limited understanding of language structure. Nevertheless, Google Translate still provides advantages in improving learning efficiency and access to global knowledge resources. Therefore, the use of this technology needs to be guided wisely so that it supports the learning process without reducing students’ cognitive engagement. This study is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the role of technology in language learning in the digital era and to serve as a reference for educators and students in utilizing technology more effectively.  

The gobal ecological crisis reflects the deteriorating relationship between humans and nature caused by the anthropocentric paradigm that places human at the center of life. This perspective encourages excessive exploitation of nature, resulting in inviromental destruction and ecosystem imbalance. This study aims to analyze the decontruction of anthtropocentricm within the ecological crisis and to reconstruct the relationship between humans and creation through the perspective of eco-theology. The research employs a quaitative method using a literature study approach by analizyng  various theological and ecological sources. The findings reveal that the ecological crisis is not merely a technical, but also a crisis of human paradigms toward nature. Therefore, the deconstruction of anthropocentrims is necessary to challenge the exploitative mindset of humans toward creation. Eco-theology offers an understanding that humans are an integral part of creation and possess moral and spiritual responsibilities  top reserve ecological sustainability. The relationship between humans and nature needs to be rebuilt harmoniously through ecological awareness, invironmental ethics, and collective responsibility for the sustainability of life. Thus, reconstructing the relationship between humans and creation becaomes an essential step toward developing a more ethical, sustainable, respectful awareness of all  creation.

An abstranct is a brief summary of a research article, The development of Islamic banking in Indonesia has shown significant growth, particularly through the implementation of murabahah contracts in financing at Sharia Rural Banks (BPRS). Murabahah is one of the most widely used financing products due to its relatively simple mechanism and ease of understanding by the public. This study aims to analyze the implementation of murabahah contracts in financing at BPRS Alwadiah Tasikmalaya, including the stages of implementation, compliance with sharia principles, and the challenges encountered. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation involving relevant parties at BPRS Alwadiah Tasikmalaya. The results indicate that the implementation of murabahah financing has been carried out systematically, starting from the financing application process, feasibility analysis, purchase of goods by the bank, execution of the contract, and installment payments. In general, the implementation is in accordance with sharia principles, such as price transparency and the absence of riba elements. However, several challenges remain, including the limited understanding of customers, the risk of delayed payments, and the use of wakalah contracts which require proper supervision to ensure compliance with sharia regulations. Overall, the implementation of murabahah financing at BPRS Alwadiah Tasikmalaya has been effectively carried out and is in accordance with sharia principles, although improvements are still needed in customer education and contract supervision.

This study aims to describe the dynamics of students’ social relationships using sociometric techniques within the context of guidance and counseling services. Social relationships are an essential aspect of individual development, particularly for guidance and counseling students who are expected to possess strong interpersonal skills as future counselors. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using a sociometric questionnaire covering aspects of collaborative learning, group work, understanding difficult materials, and emotional support. The participants consisted of 21 students from the Guidance and Counseling study program, selected using a total sampling technique. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution of peer selection and presented in the form of a sociometric matrix and sociogram to facilitate the interpretation of social interaction patterns within the group. The findings revealed that social relationships were not evenly distributed but tended to be concentrated on certain individuals. Some students demonstrated high levels of selection, indicating their role as central figures in both academic and emotional interactions, while others showed low levels of selection, suggesting potential social isolation. These findings indicate that group dynamics are influenced by social skills, academic competence, and individual empathy. Therefore, guidance and counseling services play a crucial role in improving the quality of students’ social interactions through appropriate interventions, such as group guidance and social skills training. This study is expected to serve as a foundation for developing more effective and inclusive guidance and counseling services.

This community service program aims to increase the digitalization capacity of the "Ali Serba Alat" MSME by strengthening Branding and Online marketing aspects. The main problems faced by partners include weak brand identity, limited use of digital media, and suboptimal Online platform-based marketing strategies. The activity implementation method uses a participatory approach with the stages of problem identification, program planning, training, mentoring, and evaluation. Activities carried out include creating a digital store presence in the form of a Google Map, logo and visual identity of the business, optimizing social media and marketplace accounts, compiling digital promotional content, and training in digital-based marketing strategies. The results of the activity show an increase in partners' understanding of the importance of Branding, improved skills in managing digital media, and increased business visibility on Online platforms. In addition, there was an increase in consumer interaction and sales potential after the implementation of the digital marketing strategy. This program is expected to become a model for sustainable mentoring in supporting the digital transformation of MSMEs to increase competitiveness in the digital economy era.