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This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of 5th-grade students at SD Negeri 21 Belinyu on the topic of the human circulatory system through the Use Of Studen Worksheets (LKPD). This research employs a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method, consisting of two cycles. Each cycle includes the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 22 students in the 5th grade. Data collected includes students’ test result, observations of student learning activities, and questionnaires on students’ responses to the use of LKPD. The results indicate that the use of LKPD significantly improves students’ learning outcomes. The average student score increased from 66,60 and in the first cycle to 72,05 in the second cycle. Additionally, student learning activities also improved, with students becoming more actively engaged in the learning process. The questionnaire results showed that students responded positively to the use of LKPD,finding it helpful in understanding the material. Therefor, the use of LKPD is proven to be effective in enhancing students’ learning outcomes on the topic of  the human circulatory system.

This study aims to determine the increase in student enthusiasm in learning Fiqh in grade V students of MI Terpadu Baitul Makmur, totaling 38 people, through the application of the Amtsal method. This method is used to stimulate students' imagination through illustrations that are relevant to the material. The research approach used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches in the form of Classroom Action Research (CAR) which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques include observation and interviews. The results of the study showed that the application of the Amtsal method in learning Fiqh significantly increased student enthusiasm. In addition, this method also helps students understand the material, including the pillars, the differences between hajj and umrah, and the procedures for carrying out the umrah pilgrimage. The high enthusiasm of students has a positive impact on increasing their understanding of the material being taught.

One of the literary works "Dodolitdodolitdodolitbret" by Seno Gumira Ajidarma is a story about spirituality, which is told in an ironic way and balances the real and the sign. As a spiritual story experienced by a character named Guru Kiplik. He was very sure that "right prayer is the secret of happiness" But everything changed when he met the nine sons of the island-children. Teacher Kiplik always doesn't accept that their morals are not right, but they can walk on water. The background of this research is the depth of analysis of the intrinsic elements of short stories. Part of the background to the research provided is based on the need for in-depth analysis of the intrinsic elements in the short story so that researchers understand the moral message and social criticism conveyed by the author. The problem in this research is how the intrinsic elements, namely theme, character, plot, setting, point of view, language style and message, work together to produce the meaning of the story. This research uses a structural approach with qualitative descriptive methods. The data used is secondary data obtained through reading and note-taking techniques, then analyzed using the relevant theories. The research results show that this short story has a main theme regarding true belief and opposing principles in carrying out prayer. Kiplik's teaching figures as well as the island's inhabitants reflect the difference between formality and spiritual sincerity. The forward plot, reflective setting, omniscient point of view, and symbolic language style support the delivery of the moral message that sincerity is more important than technical mores. This research recommends further exploration of Seno Gumira Ajidarma's works in the context of social criticism and spirituality, and the use of these short stories as teaching material for understanding humanist values ​​in literature.

This study aims to examine the effect of the use of the Kahoot application in teaching materials for reading numerical texts on students' understanding and ability to solve problems related to the material. The research design used was an experiment with a quantitative approach, with a pre-test post-test control group model. The research sample consisted of two classes of junior high school grade VII students, each of which was given different treatment, namely the use of the Kahoot application in the experimental group and the conventional method in the control group. The results showed that the use of the Kahoot app could improve students' understanding of social arithmetic material, with a significant increase in scores in the experimental group (25 points) compared to the control group (8 points). In addition, the Kahoot application has also been shown to increase student motivation and participation in learning, with the majority of students feeling more interested and motivated to learn actively and collaboratively. These findings suggest that the use of the Kahoot app can be an effective tool for improving learning outcomes and student engagement in math learning.

The purpose of this service is to educate the Concept of Waste Bank, Green Economy, and Money Supply to the Community in Medan Belawan District. The special target in this community service is for the workers of the Blessing Waste Bank in Medan Belawan District to know what the Waste Bank, Green Economy, and Money Supply to the Community in Medan Belawan District is, how its application is an opportunity for household income, for example by becoming a new source of income from saving household waste that has been implemented so that they are able to read the economic and environmental problems that occur. The material presented at this community service is: what is a Waste Bank, Green Economy, and Money Supply, how the impact of the Waste Bank on income from household waste. Which can improve household welfare through public knowledge/understanding related to Waste Banks, Green Economy, and Money Supply. From this community service, it shows the results that with the existence of the Waste Bank, the application of the Green Economy concept can be seen from the collection of household waste that is easily collected at the Waste Bank, the community becomes a customer, has savings, withdraws money, then continues to spend consumption from the money which means that there are selling and buying activities in the market because of the money circulating in the community. This affects economic activities in the Medan Belawan District area.

This writing aims to provide an understanding to the public that patients as people who need health services at the Hospital need to get optimal services from all fields including the fulfillment of patient rights as recipients of hospital services. In order for health services to patients to take place properly, the fulfillment of patient rights at the Hospital must also be implemented so that there are no problems with health service actions to patients such as cases of malpractice or negligence.  This writing uses a normative legal research approach method (normative legal research method). The normative legal research method is a library legal research conducted by examining library materials or secondary data.Thus, the patient's right as a recipient of medical services is to obtain information on medical services to find out the results of the examination/diagnosis that have been carried out by the medical team and has the right to know what actions the patient must receive.    

This bacterial morphology observation training was conducted for grade X students at SMA Negeri 1 Parigi Tengah. The main problem faced was the lack of knowledge and skills of students in the field of microbiology, especially in identifying bacterial morphology. The purpose of this activity was to improve students' understanding of basic biological concepts and practical skills in bacterial observation. The methods used included delivering material on the principles and techniques of bacterial morphological characterization, as well as direct practice using microscopes and Gram staining techniques. The results showed that students successfully identified Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in the form of cocci with Gram positive and Bacillus sp. in the form of bacilli with Gram negative. This activity has proven effective in improving students' understanding and skills in microbiology, as well as encouraging their interest in studying biology further

In class VI.A students, there are still many students having difficulty in doing statistics problems. Therefore, this research needs to be done in order to find out the learning obstacles experienced by grade VI students of SDN 6 Palembang on statistics material. Learning obstacle is divided into three types, namely ontogenic obstacle, didactial obstacle, and epistemological obstacle. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. The instruments used in this study consisted of learning obstacle diagnostic tests, interviews, material analysis, lesson plan analysis, and textbook analysis and students of grade VI.A SDN 6 Palembang as the subjects in this study who were respondents who carried out learning obstacle diagnostic tests and interviews. Learning obstacles can be found based on the results of the analysis of learning obstacle diagnostic tests, interviews with homeroom teachers and students of class VI.A, lesson plan analysis and textbook analysis. The results of this study found learning obstacles, namely ontogenic obstacles such as lack of interest in learning mathematics and lack of student activeness in learning, didactical obstacles such as learning resources that are still limited and epistemological obstacles, namely lack of understanding of statistical concepts.

The purpose of this legal counseling is to increase public understanding  of the aspects of pawn law and pawn business in realizing legal protection for consumers. The method used in community service uses a directed discussion method, starting with the provision of material followed by discussion and question and answer directly through the Legal Core Program.  This legal counseling is carried out with the target audience of the people of Bandung City and its surroundings. The results of this community service show that understanding of the legal aspects of pawning and pawning business increases public awareness and knowledge about the legal aspects of pawning and pawning business in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. Legal protection for society and consumers both preventively and repressively

This research aims to develop an interactive web learning media called Mathventure based on Google Sites, with a focus on improving the math problem solving skills of third grade elementary school students in multiplication material. The background of this research is driven by students' low understanding of the concept of multiplication and the lack of interesting and contextual learning media. The approach used in this research is the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model involving five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The resulting product has been validated by material and media experts with excellent results. The pilot test was conducted in two elementary schools involving pretest, posttest, and student response questionnaire. The test results showed a significant increase in problem solving ability, with an N-Gain value of 0.6612, and a practicality level of 82%. This media is considered effective in creating learning that is fun, interactive, and able to motivate students in understanding the concept of multiplication. The implication of this research shows that web-based digital media can be an innovative solution to overcome math learning difficulties in elementary schools and has the potential to be further developed for other materials and levels.

This article describes the implementation of the Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) approach by utilizing the integrated application "BelaJARingan" at SDN Dukuh Menanggal I/424 Surabaya. This study aims to increase student involvement in the learning process, as well as foster a deeper understanding of culture through contextual learning. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation of the learning process in class 4A SDN Dukuh Menanggal I/424 Surabaya involving 30 students with diverse cultural backgrounds. Data analysis was carried out descriptively by grouping the results of observations and interviews to assess the effectiveness of the application of technology-based CRT in increasing student learning motivation and cultural understanding. By integrating digital technology and local culture, this application allows students to access teaching materials, quizzes, and culture-based projects. The results of the study indicate that this approach not only improves learning achievement but also encourages appreciation for cultural diversity. Despite technical constraints, the technology-based CRT approach has proven effective in creating a more interactive and meaningful learning process for students.      

The study investigated the implementation of the Initiation-Response-Feedback (IRF) pattern of Coulthard and Sinclair Model in sixth-grade classroom interactions. It focused on its impact on student engagement and learning outcomes. Conducted with an English teacher and 23 students, the research utilized video recordings to analyze discourse patterns during lessons. Findings reveal that the IRF model facilitated communication by structuring interactions where teachers initiate questions, students respond, and teachers provide feedback. However, the analysis indicated that while students actively participate, their responses often consist of repetition rather than demonstrating comprehension of the material. Teacher feedback plays a crucial role in reinforcing learning, yet it also highlighted areas needing improvement in fostering deeper understanding. The study emphasizes the importance of teacher-student dialogue in creating an interactive learning environment and suggests that educators should encourage critical thinking and comprehension alongside participation. By identifying best practices within the IRF framework, this research contributes to enhancing classroom dynamics in early secondary education settings.  

The existence of online news in the midst of students can be considered as a source of easy information acquisition. Not only as information acquisition but also as a chapter of material used as learning material for grade XI high school students. The selection of news texts for students should be considered as a source of reading. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of sentence function patterns in CNN online news texts as a reading source for grade XI high school students. This research article uses a theoretical approach, namely a syntactic approach by analyzing the types and forms of sentence patterns. As for this research, the qualitative descriptive method is used to analyze related data. The researcher performs listening and recording techniques on CNN online news text to understand the content contained in the news text, then the researcher records the analysis of single sentence patterns and compound sentences contained in the news text using the agih method. From the data analysis that has been done, it was found that there are 49 single sentences and 33 compound sentences in CNN news whose sentence function patterns are simple and easy to understand for reading sources for high school grade XI students. The results of the analysis in this article are expected to add a deeper understanding and knowledge about the types and patterns of sentence functions and their feasibility to be used as a reading resource for students of grade XI SMA. Sentence patterns and their usage as well as knowledge about their types can be used as a reading resource for students.

Language is an efficient way to express ideas, emotions, and feelings to communicate a concept through verbal and non-verbal means. Comprehensive learning of language skills is intended to promote emotional, social, and intellectual development, and is useful for filtering important information. The purpose of this study is to determine the location of language errors from the module used, namely in the Indonesian teaching module by Foy Ario, M.Pd, as the feasibility of teaching materials for critical reading for class XII students, so that it can be used as a revision in the future to obtain a quality module, both in terms of the information conveyed and the language used. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach as well as a syntactic theoretical approach and analyzes data through data collection, data presentation, data reduction, and conclusion drawing. The results obtained show that the writing of editorial text contained in the Indonesian language teaching module Class XII SMA by Foy Ario is found to use diction that is not by the rules. This is based on standardized word errors, conjunction errors, punctuation errors, word beheading errors, and errors in the accuracy of word usage and effective sentences. The research can be useful as a reference for understanding language identification in scientific papers.

This research aims to identify barriers to the use of Indonesian in the learning process in the Physical Education, Health and Recreation study program. To measure perceptions and experiences regarding the use of Indonesian in learning, especially in understanding technical content, providing teaching, and communicating between students. This research uses a quantitative approach method by distributing questionnaires to third semester students. The research results show that the majority of respondents think that using Indonesian is effective in understanding basic concepts, but it is difficult to understand technical terms in foreign languages. In addition, misunderstandings often occur between instructors and students, especially in teaching practice environments. Another barrier identified was the lack of specific vocabulary in Indonesian to explain complex concepts in the fields of sport and health. The results of this research indicate that there is a need to adopt terminology in Indonesian that is easier to understand and improve instructors' abilities in creating teaching materials in language that is easier to understand.

Mojolaban is a sub-district located in Sukoharjo Regency. Osteoarthritis is one of the most common complaints experienced by elderly people in Mojolaban. Knee osteoarthritis is inflammation of the knee due to damage to the knee joint which can be caused by age or trauma. This condition causes pain, stiffness in the joints and limitations in movement in the knee. The aim of the physiotherapy program in cases of osteoarthritis is education and demonstration of exercise therapy in the form of closed kinetic chain exercises to reduce pain and prevent complaints from getting worse. The method used is the counseling method (lecture and question and answer), providing leaflets, education, and demonstrations about closed kinetic chain exercises related to osteoarthritis knee targeting participants at Bekonang RW 09 Elderly Posyandu. To evaluate the increase in understanding, the author used a questionnaire before and after the test. The results showed a significant increase in understanding of osteoarthritis material and exercise therapy, with the average score increasing from 2.25 on the pre-test to 4.35 on the post-test. It is hoped that the results of this Community Service activity will become a reference for physiotherapists and other health professionals to encourage the implementation of similar activities, so that they can improve public health, especially in cases of osteoarthritis genu in the elderly.

Mojolaban is a sub-district in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java which has 15 villages. This sub-district has a Mojolaban main health center and a Jatimalang sub-district health center. Mojolaban sub-district has many elderly people aged 60-64 years, 42,481 people and most of them work as ethanol, roof tile and gamelan craftsmen. Ischialgia has risk factors such as age, unergonomic working positions, the habit of lifting too heavy weights, and injury. These risk factors are related to the majority of people's jobs in the Mojolaban District area. Ischialgia is a problem that often arises in the elderly and people in Mojolaban District do not yet know how to treat Ischialgia properly. This outreach method uses the lecture method and uses leaflets as an outreach medium. The aim of this outreach is to prevent, promote health related to Ischialgia, targeting participants at the Elderly Posyandu located in Palur Mojolaban Village. The measurements used in this activity were pre-test and post-test questionnaires to measure the elderly's understanding of Ischialgia.  The results showed a significant increase in understanding regarding Ischialgia material with an average pre-test score of 3.5 and an average post-test score of 6.1.

This study aims to analyze the learning strategies of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) applied by teachers in improving student creativity and competence at SMP Negeri 1 Langkat, North Sumatra. The research method used was qualitative, with data collection methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. Observation was conducted to identify the interaction and application of learning strategies by PAI teachers, while in-depth interviews with teachers and students provided information related to the effectiveness of the method. The results showed that 1) Teachers' creativity in combining learning methods, such as discussions, projects, and the use of technological media, was able to create an interesting and interactive learning atmosphere, which had a positive impact on students' understanding of the teaching materials. 2) Improved facilities and infrastructure as well as curriculum adjustments also support the effectiveness of learning, so that students are more motivated to actively participate in the learning process. PAI teachers not only convey religious concepts, but also equip students with balanced cognitive, affective, and psychomotor abilities, in accordance with Bloom's taxonomy theory. This study concludes that innovation in learning methods and adequate facility support are key in improving students' learning skills and interest.

The problem background of this article discusses progress in human life and other organisms, from the beginning of life to changes in the life cycle. The term cognition Refers to mental processes in the human mind, important for understanding the world and interactions with the environment. Jean Piaget highlighted how children build understanding through stages of cognitive development. The Independent Curriculum and Christian religious education provide a relevant context for discussing education and holistic individual development. The method used in this article is library research, namely collecting data from various literature related to research. The stages of literature study include preparing equipment, making a bibliography, managing time, and reading and recording research materials. Data was collected through searching for sources from various media such as books, journals and previous research, with critical and in-depth explanations to support arguments and ideas. The result of this article is that cognitive development is influenced by different stages. Children think differently at each stage, for example from sensorimotor to formal operational. The Freedom to Learn curriculum can integrate Piaget's theory in Christian religious education with a focus on direct experience, critical questions, constructive activities, and stages of cognitive development. This helps students understand and process information better.

Understanding sentence function patterns plays a major role in reading a novel, especially in class XII. By studying the understanding of sentence function patterns, class XII students can understand the important role of sentence function patterns in a novel. This research aims to be an informative and interesting learning resource for class XII students to use novels as enrichment material and improve their language skills. This research considers the function patterns of sentences in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye and the feasibility of sentence readability as enrichment material for class XII students. The method used in this research is a qualitative-descriptive method. Qualitative descriptive methods do not rely on evidence-based systematic logic, numerical principles, or statistical methods. This research helps determine the function patterns of sentences through the functions, categories, and roles of sentences in the novel, as well as the data and data sources in this research in the form of collections of sentences in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye. The data analysis technique used in this research uses the AGH method. The results of this research found sentence function patterns in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye. There are two S-P sentence patterns; there are three S-P-O sentence patterns; there are three S-P-Pel sentence patterns; there are four S-P-O-Pel sentence patterns; there are three S-P-K sentence patterns; there are four S-P-O-K sentence patterns; there are five S-P-O-Pel-K sentence patterns; and there are five S-P-O-Pel-K sentence patterns. Analysis of sentences based on function found the following sentence function patterns: S, P, O, and K. Analysis of sentences based on categories found in sentences is as follows: Function S is in the noun category. Function P is categorized as an adjective or verb. Function O is in the noun category. Ket functions are categorized as verbs, adjectives, and verb phrases. The analysis of sentences based on the roles found in the sentences is as follows: S's function is to act as an actor. Function P acts as a command or action. Function O acts as a sufferer. The functions of information are time, nature, and circumstances. Apart from that, the sentence function patterns in the novel "Pulang" by Tere Liye are suitable as enrichment material for class not good, accuracy in finding sentence function patterns, inaccuracy in finding sentence function patterns, accuracy in preparing sentence function patterns, inaccuracy in preparing sentence function patterns, effectiveness in reading story text narratives in novels, and ineffectiveness in reading story text narratives in novels. The results of this research can provide knowledge and insight into an understanding of In this research, understanding sentence function patterns for class XII students is very important to ensure that the teaching materials presented can be understood and applied by the class.