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The evaluation of textbooks is a strategic step to ensure the alignment of instructional materials with curricular goals and the needs of learners. In the context of teaching Arabic at the university level, writing skills (mahārah kitābah) are an essential component in shaping productive and communicative language abilities. This study aims to evaluate the representation and development of writing skills in the Arabic Language Book Marhalah Three, published by the Language Center of UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau in 2018. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a document analysis method. Data were collected through content analysis of the textbook using a foreign language textbook evaluation rubric, which includes aspects such as content, instructional approach, and the suitability of the material to students' competencies. The findings indicate that although the book is organized with a systematic instructional structure and thematically relevant content, the development of writing skills is still primarily based on a structural approach and lacks diverse, communicative exercises. These findings suggest the need for improvement in the textbook by integrating communicative, integrative, and contextual approaches in order to enhance the effectiveness of mahārah kitābah instruction in higher education settings.

Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is one of the methods in inventory management used to determine the optimal order quantity to minimize total inventory costs, which include ordering costs and storage costs. This study aims to analyze the application of the EOQ model in managing inventory in a company. By using data on raw material usage, ordering costs, and storage costs, the results show that the application of EOQ can optimize the amount of purchases and order frequency more efficiently. The results of the analysis show that the application of the EOQ model contributes to reducing operational costs and increasing the effectiveness of stock management. Therefore, EOQ can be used as an appropriate inventory management strategy to support the efficiency and productivity of the company. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) in controlling coffee inventory at the Suteki Medan Coffee Shop to minimize total inventory costs. The EOQ method is used to determine the optimal order quantity with the most efficient cost, as well as considering safety stock, reorder point, and total inventory cost.    

Learning evaluation is an important component in the educational process that aims to determine the extent to which the success of the learning process has been achieved. In the context of Islamic Religious Education (Islamic education), evaluation not only assesses cognitive aspects, but also affective and psychomotor. This article discusses the basic concept of evaluation and its implications in evaluating Islamic education learning in schools. Through a literature review, this paper emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive understanding of evaluation to produce an effective Islamic education learning process.

The objectives of this study are (1) to describe how the principal of the school strives to improve the quality of teachers at Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah in Gorontalo City. (2) To describe/characterize whether there are obstacles faced by the school principal in improving teacher quality at Muhammadiyah Senior High School in Gorontalo City. This research is classified as qualitative in nature, employing a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis is conducted in one stage, namely: Data verification or drawing conclusions. The research results show that the principal of Muhammadiyah Senior High School in Gorontalo City always strives to improve the quality of teachers at Muhammadiyah Senior High School in Gorontalo City by involving all teachers in training and education (DIKLAT) both offline and online. In this study, it can be seen that the challenges faced by the principal in improving teacher quality stem from the lack of adequate facilities and infrastructure, which can hinder the learning process and lead to a decline in educational quality. Since qualified teachers are the most critical factor in improving educational quality, it is essential to optimize educational facilities to support the learning process.  

This study aims to analyze the influence of discipline in congregational prayer and understanding of religious sermons (kultum) on the spiritual intelligence of 8th-grade students at SMPN 1 Jetis. Spiritual intelligence is important in shaping students' character and morals. However, several issues were identified, such as tardiness in congregational prayers, preference for sitting in the back rows, and lack of understanding of the messages conveyed in the sermons. This research employed a quantitative correlational non-experimental method with simple random sampling. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and documentation.The results of the study show that: (1) Discipline in congregational prayer has a significant effect on spiritual intelligence, with the regression equation Y = 16.723 + 0.501X1, a P-value of 0.000 < 0.05, and an R² value of 21.4%; (2) Understanding of sermons also has a significant effect, with the equation Y = 22.301 + 0.341X1, a P-value of 0.000 < 0.05, and an R² value of 23.6%; (3) The combination of discipline in prayer and understanding of sermons has a simultaneous effect on spiritual intelligence with the model Y = 15.702 + 0.307X1 + 0.234X2, a P-value of 0.000 < 0.05, and an R² value of 29.3%. Therefore, improving discipline in prayer and understanding of sermons can enhance spiritual intelligence.

Talent management is a crucial element in human resource (HR) management in Islamic educational institutions to achieve optimal education quality. This study aims to examine the HR talent management process in Islamic educational institutions with a focus on aspects of recruitment, development, spiritual and moral guidance, performance evaluation, career development, and talent identification. The research method used is quantitative descriptive with data collection through questionnaires distributed to 30 educators and staff in Islamic educational institutions. The results of data analysis show that the talent management process has been carried out effectively, with an average score above 4.0 for all aspects analyzed. This study recommends improving the evaluation system and spiritual guidance as the key to sustainable HR development in Islamic education.

Social media has become an integral part of Generation Z's life, including elementary school students, who are known as the tech-savvy generation. This study aims to examine Generation Z students' perceptions of the influence of social media on their academic behavior and learning concentration through a literature study approach. Data were collected from various current literature sources and analyzed using thematic analysis methods. The results of the study indicate that social media has a dual impact: platforms such as YouTube and educational applications such as Kahoot increase motivation and access to learning resources, but uncontrolled use causes distraction, procrastination, and decreased learning concentration. The characteristics of Generation Z, such as dependence on technology and the need for digital existence, strengthen the influence of social media on their academic behavior. Therefore, a balanced educational approach is needed to maximize the benefits of social media while minimizing its negative impacts. This study provides insight for educators and parents in managing the use of social media wisely.

This study aims to identify and analyze forms of gender bias found in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) textbooks at the Senior High School (SMA) level. Using a qualitative approach with content analysis methods, grounded in a critical paradigm and gender perspective, this research found that gender representation in several teaching materials remains unequal. Gender bias in the textbooks is manifested through narratives that position men as dominant in the public sphere, while women are confined to domestic roles. The analyzed materials include topics such as pilgrimage requirements, covering the body and dressing, visiting graves, marriage guardians and witnesses, and family leadership. In these narratives, women are often portrayed as weak, in need of protection, or limited in their roles. This indicates that PAI textbooks continue to reproduce patriarchal values that may reinforce gender-based social inequalities in educational settings. The study recommends that teaching materials be revised to be more inclusive and aligned with gender equality principles as mandated by national education regulations. Thus, education can serve as a fair and equitable instrument for all students, regardless of gender. 

This research was conducted at MAN 2 Karawang, focusing on the analysis of Al-Qur'an and Hadith learning, particularly regarding methods, facilities, as well as supporting and inhibiting factors. The location was chosen based on the school's commitment to developing flagship programs such as the Tahfidz Al-Qur'an (Qur'an memorization) and Rohis (Islamic Spiritual) mentoring, alongside the challenges faced in optimizing the memorization of Juz 30 and students' understanding of Arabic script. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that innovative methods such as Market Place Activity, Snowball Throwing, and Role Play proved effective in increasing student participation and comprehension. Facilities such as a large TV for Tahsin (Qur'an recitation improvement) and a Rohis room also served as key supporting factors. However, obstacles such as extreme weather and power outages occasionally disrupted the learning process. In conclusion, a combination of creative methods, adequate facilities, and teacher adaptability played a crucial role in the success of Al-Qur'an and Hadith learning at MAN 2 Karawang, although infrastructure improvements are needed to address technical challenges.

Education is a crucial process in shaping character and developing students' potential holistically, including the religious aspect, which is essential to instill from an early age. This study is motivated by the importance of educational management in systematically implementing religious character formation, particularly at Raudhatul Athfal Pesantren Ilmu Quran (PIQ) Sangatta Utara. The purpose of this research is to identify students' religious character, the implementation of educational management, and the challenges faced in forming religious character at RA PIQ. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants in this study were the principal and teachers at RA PIQ. The data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and verification. The findings indicate that religious character formation is carried out systematically through collaboration between the school and parents, using learning approaches, routine practices, and extracurricular programs. The implementation of management is based on the theories of Mazmanian and Sebastier as well as Nawawi's concept, integrated with the Merdeka Curriculum and the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5). Despite challenges, active parental involvement and teacher diversity serve as key supporting factors.

The advancement of information technology has shifted marketing strategies from conventional to digital platforms, with TikTok emerging as a key driver of modern consumer behavior, including impulse buying. This phenomenon is evident in the local perfume industry, such as SAFF & Co, which has successfully captured a significant market share through strong content strategies. This study aims to analyze thej nfluence of Content Marketing, Price Discount, and Online Customer Review on Impulse Buying of SAFF & Co perfume via the TikTok application in Surabaya. A quantitative associative approach was employed, using an online questionnaire distributed to 100 TikTok users who have purchased the product. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that Content Marketing and Price Discount have a positive and significant effect on Impulse Buying, while Online Customer Review does not show a significant partial effect. However, simultaneously, all three variables positively and significantly influence Impulse Buying. These findings imply that businesses can stimulate consumer impulse purchases through effective content and discount strategies, while the role of customer reviews still requires optimization to strengthen their psychological impact on consumer purchasing decisions in social media environments.

This study discusses the role of holistic and comprehensive education in shaping the Islamic character of students through an integrative approach that includes physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which a holistic educational approach can contribute to the formation of Islamic character rooted in the values ​​of Islamic teachings, while supporting the goals of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in the context of formal education. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with a literature study approach, which involves analysis of various scientific sources, including journals, reference books, and relevant articles. The results of the study indicate that holistic and comprehensive education is able to shape the Islamic character of students comprehensively and contextually, in line with the principles of PAI. This study also emphasizes the importance of integrating character values ​​through the curriculum, learning methods, and the role of teachers and the environment as the main supporters of the success of Islamic character education. Thus, character education based on a holistic and comprehensive approach can be an effective model in responding to the moral and spiritual challenges of students in the modern era.

Generation Z is a group that grew up amidst rapid technological advances and social change. The challenges they face are not only physical, but also mental and spiritual, so they need the ability to survive, adapt, and recover from failure or pressure. This ability is known as Adversity Quotient (AQ), which is intelligence in facing difficulties. This study aims to examine the concept of AQ from the perspective of the Qur'an, focusing on Surah Al-Ankabut verse 69. The verse emphasizes the importance of sincerity and struggle in obtaining guidance and help from Allah. Using qualitative methods through literature studies and thematic interpretation approaches, this study found that values ​​such as sincerity, perseverance, courage, and belief in Allah's grace are important foundations in forming AQ. These values ​​are very relevant for the development of the character of generation Z so that they have high fighting spirit, do not give up easily, and are able to face the pressures and challenges of life positively. In conclusion, Surah Al-Ankabut verse 69 provides a strong spiritual and moral contribution in building personal resilience and fighting spirit needed by today's young generation.

The purpose of this study was to determine how much academic supervision at SMP Negeri 2 Sangatta Utara improves teacher performance. This study, which used a quantitative methodology and a straightforward linear regression analytic method, included all 41 of the school's teachers. Direct observation, the distribution of questionnaires, and documentation were used to gather data. The SPSS program was used to first assess the validity and reliability of each instrument. Descriptive statistics, linear regression testing to determine the association between variables, and normality and linearity tests were all part of the data analysis. With a significance value of 0.000 and a t-value of 4.299 that was higher than the t table of 2.021, the study's findings demonstrated a statistically significant association between academic supervision and the caliber of teacher performance. Furthermore, the use of academic supervision accounts for 51.1% of the difference in teacher performance, with other factors not included in this study influencing the remaining 48.9%. These results suggest that while academic supervision is a significant component in raising the caliber of teacher work, other outside variables still require consideration in order to achieve the best possible outcomes during the teaching process.

The purpose of this research is to ascertain how the work environment and leadership affect the performance of Civil Servants (ASN) in the Gowa Regency Regional Secretariat. This study uses a quantitative approach. Civil Servants (ASN) and non-ASN workers make up the population. 50 respondents make up the sample size as a consequence of the statistical sampling methodology combined with the random selection method. Techniques for gathering data include surveys, recordkeeping, and observation. Using SPSS version 30, multiple linear regression analysis and traditional assumption tests were the data analysis techniques used in this investigation.The findings indicate that the performance of ASN in the Gowa Regency Regional Secretariat is positively and significantly impacted by the leadership variable. The ASN in the Gowa Regency Regional Secretariat is positively and significantly impacted by the work environment variable. The ASN in the Regional Secretariat of Gowa Regency is positively and significantly impacted by leadership and work environment factors at the same time.

Building effective leadership in schools is key to creating a productive and harmonious educational environment. A managerial psychology approach can provide in-depth insight into effective ways of leading, by considering psychological aspects that influence individual behavior and performance in school organizations. This approach focuses on understanding the psychological characteristics of leaders and team members, managing emotions, and effective communication in building mutually supportive relationships. In an educational context, managerial psychology can help school leaders to manage team dynamics, increase motivation, and create a positive work climate. Therefore, it is hoped that the application of managerial psychology principles in leadership in schools can produce more effective school management, both in the aspects of teaching, management and human resource development.  

This research aims to determine the extent of the influence of classroom management on the discipline of eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Sangatta Utara. This study uses a quantitative research method with a field research type. The determination of the sample size is done using the proportional random sampling formula with a percentage of 50%, resulting in a sample of 98 respondents. The data collection technique employs a questionnaire technique. The results of the first hypothesis testing using the t-test showed a calculated t-value of 5.482. Since this value is greater than the table value (5.482 < 1.984), it is concluded that the classroom management variable has a significant effect on student discipline on a partial basis. In the second data analysis using the F-test, a F-value of 30.050 was obtained, which is greater than the table value of 3.94, with a significant F-value of 0.001, which is smaller than the alpha value of 0.05, thus Ha is accepted. There is a positive influence of Classroom Management on the discipline of eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Sangatta Utara. The results of the tested determination coefficient formula showed an r square value of 0.238 or 23.8%, which means that the contribution of the Classroom Management variable is 23.8%, which is considered low, while the remaining 76.2% is influenced by other factors outside the variables in this study.

Job analysis plays a crucial role in improving the performance and efficiency of educators. This study aims to examine the role of job analysis in the context of education through a literature review approach, focusing on five selected articles published between 2020 and 2024. The findings indicate that proper job analysis can enhance teacher performance by ensuring their placement aligns with qualifications, identifying training needs, and clarifying tasks and responsibilities. Additionally, the integration of organizational culture and regular updates to job analysis contribute to work efficiency and educator productivity. These findings provide practical implications for educational institutions to optimize human resource management through dynamic and structured job analysis. , 

This study aims to determine the level of teacher work discipline at SDIT Ash Haabul Kahfi Lubuk Alung. Work discipline is an important factor in improving the quality of education because it is directly related to the responsibility and professionalism of teachers in carrying out their duties. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach with descriptive techniques. Data were obtained through observation, questionnaires, and documentation, which were then analyzed to see the tendency of teachers' disciplinary behavior. The results showed that the overall level of teacher discipline was in the high category. Teachers at SDIT Ash Haabul Kahfi Lubuk Alung show punctuality, obedience to rules, and consistent execution of tasks. This reflects an effective school management system and teachers' personal commitment to carrying out their professional responsibilities. This good work discipline has a positive impact on the learning environment and supports the achievement of educational goals at school. 

 This study aims to compare student learning outcomes between digital media-based learning and conventional methods. The research subjects consisted of two classes: Class VIII E as the control class, which learned through lectures, dictation, and summarizing, and Class VIII F as the experimental class, which used PowerPoint, the Kahoot application, and instructional videos. The study was conducted over four meetings within four weeks. Pretests and posttests were used to measure learning improvement and analyzed using the n-gain formula. The results showed that the average n-gain score of the control class was higher than that of the experimental class. This indicates that although the experimental class used interactive digital media, the control class demonstrated better comprehension of the material, most likely due to the summarizing activity that helped students focus and internalize the content more deeply. These findings suggest that conventional methods involving active student engagement through note-taking and summarizing still have high effectiveness in learning, and the implications may serve as a consideration in designing instructional strategies suited to students' learning characteristics.