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This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Indonesian language learning in class 4B of SDN 060877 Medan, with a focus on curriculum flexibility and challenges in meeting students' needs. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Independent Curriculum provides flexibility for teachers in adjusting teaching methods and materials according to students' needs. Teachers can adapt a more contextual, creative, and innovative approach. However, the main obstacles found were students who were not yet fluent in reading, lack of motivation to learn, and minimal support from the family environment. To overcome this, teachers apply differentiated learning strategies, use of appropriate teaching modules, and interactive methods to improve students' literacy skills. In addition, additional assistance is provided for students who have difficulty understanding the material. Despite facing various challenges, the Independent Curriculum is still considered more effective in supporting the achievement of students' competencies optimally, especially in improving their understanding and literacy skills. With support from various parties, it is hoped that learning will be of better quality and in accordance with students' needs.

Learning interest is the tendency of students to engage in learning activities driven by the desire to achieve optimal results. However, the learning interest of fifth-grade students at MIS Nurul Yaqin remains low. This study aims to enhance students' learning interest in IPAS subjects through the implementation of the Quantum Teaching and Learning model, which focuses on teachers' management of the learning process, from planning and instruction to evaluation. The research method used is the Kemmis and McTaggart action research model, which consists of four stages. The findings indicate that teacher activity increased from 73% in cycle I to 91% in cycle II, classified as very good. Similarly, student activity improved from 70.53% in cycle I to 86.25% in cycle II, also categorized as very good. These results demonstrate that the implementation of the Quantum Teaching and Learning model effectively enhances students' learning interest in IPAS subjects in fifth grade at MIS Nurul Yaqin.  

This study aims to explore the influence of the Discovery Learning model on student learning outcomes and to assess the level of student learning activity on the material of light properties. The type of research used is Quasi Experiment. The study population included all fifth grade students of SDN 060928, with samples taken from 30 students of class VA who applied the Discovery Learning model, while class VB used the conventional learning model. The study began with a pretest, followed by a posttest after the implementation of the Discovery Learning model. The instruments used consisted of a test in the form of 20 multiple-choice questions to measure learning outcomes and an observation sheet to assess student activity. Data analysis tools include validity, reliability, discrimination, and difficulty level tests. Statistical analysis techniques include normality tests, homogeneity tests, two-mean difference tests, and hypothesis tests. Based on the results of the hypothesis test, the average learning outcome in the experimental class was 77.66, higher than the control class which only reached 62.16. In addition, student learning activities in the experimental class using the Discovery Learning model showed a significant level of activity with an average value of 76.30. The use of the Discovery Learning model has a positive effect on student learning outcomes and activities in science learning on the properties of light.  

The media has a very important role in a learning and teaching activity. Media is divided into several types, including visual media, audio media, audio visual media, and all kinds of media. The media at Arva School of Fashion is often created and developed for use in workshops is prototype media. Prototypes media for materials or coloring topics using the dip dye technique at the Arva School of Fashion are not yet available. Related to this, a prototype media was made from material coloring using the dip dye technique which was applied to making character costumes. The purpose of making this prototype media is of course so that teaching and learning activities can easily achieve something you want, because the media is a good intermediary in communication. This media prototype development research uses the 4D model development method with descriptive data processing methods. The development method with the 4D model approach consists of Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The results of this study state the flow of the prototype development process and the results of the prototype.

This research aims to improve student learning outcomes by using a true or false strategy. This type of research is classroom action research. Data collection techniques use observation, documentation, interviews and tests. The data analysis technique uses quantitative data analysis with simple statistics and classroom action research procedures using 2 cycles of the Kurtlewin model. This research was able to obtain learning results in cycle I of 58.33%. After reflection, learning activities in cycle II became 83.33%, resulting in an increase of 25%. Then, the percentage of students who completed cycle I was 59.02% and students who completed cycle II was 77.08%, resulting in an increase of 18.06%.

Scientific literacy is the ability of students to understand, translate, use information, and evaluate scientific problems in everyday life through critical thinking. This study aims to measure the level of scientific literacy of fifth grade students of MIN 1 Balikpapan, including identifying possible misconceptions. Misconceptions themselves refer to errors in understanding or erroneous concepts held by students. For elementary school teachers, understanding misconceptions is very important because it can be a reflection to improve the quality of science learning in the classroom, which ultimately has an impact on students' scientific literacy abilities. The results showed that the level of scientific literacy of fifth grade students of MIN 1 Balikpapan was relatively high, with 63.3% of students understanding the concept of simple machines well, 13.3% of students not understanding the concept, and 23.3% of students experiencing misconceptions. According to Piaget's theory, improving students' cognitive abilities can be achieved through student-centered learning and encouraging active discovery. However, based on the results of the analysis of scientific literacy questions, three indicators were found that still had low scores (below 60%), namely indicators related to scientific design and science experiments.  

Identify the effect of the Deans model on improving students' mental motivation compared to students who learn by the methods used, measuring the extent to which the Deniz model affects learning the skills of preparation and receiving volleyball transmissions. The researchers used the experimental method, and the research sample included students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Anbar for the academic year 2024/2025, numbering (40) students; the following research tests were used for the purpose of achieving the research objectives Test the skill of receiving the transmission of the arms from the bottom, testing the skill of preparation from the top with the fingers, mental motivation test The skill tests and mental motivation were conducted after the research sample was completed after it completed the implementation of the program, and at the same time, the method and conditions in which the pre-tests were conducted.  The following statistical parameters were used. Calculates both the percentage values and the mean. And standard deviation. Torsion coefficient and T-test for correlated samples. Through the analysis of the evidence and its statistical processing, it was found that the values of (T) calculated for the test of the skill of receiving the transmitter, preparation, and mental motivation are all significant values when compared to the tabular value of (2.02) at the degree of freedom (39) and the level of significance (0.05). The research results showed that applying the Deniz model had a significant positive effect on mental motivation. It increased students' motivation and self-motivation, which contributed to improved mental performance and concentration during performance. The study also showed that using the Deniz model in training had a major role in improving the skills of receiving transmissions and preparation in volleyball. The ability to receive transmissions with greater accuracy has improved, allowing the ball to be directed more effectively for setup.

This research examines students’ difficulties in conveying English diphthongs, especially closing and middle diphthongs. This study was conducted qualitatively with a phenomenological approach through interviews with students in the first semester of the English Language Education Study Program at the State Islamic University of North Sumatra. The research results show that the influence of mother tongue is very significant on the accuracy of different pronunciations. The main factors include difficult vowel transitions, differences in phonological systems between Indonesian and English, and the substitution of diphthongs for pure vowels. Closing diphthongs such as /eɪ/, /aɪ/, and /oʊ/ were found to be more difficult to pronounce than middle diphthongs because they require faster and more accurate vowel movements. Apart from that, internal factors such as lack of self-confidence also contribute to pronunciation errors. This study suggests the use of intensive practice, learning technology, and immediate feedback to improve diphthong pronunciation accuracy.

This study aims to explore the importance of learning media in increasing students' interest and motivation to learn at SDN Pasirbatang. The method used is descriptive qualitative with semi-structured interviews as the main instrument. The results show that varied, creative, and innovative learning media, such as videos, interactive apps, and other aids, can significantly increase students' interest and motivation to learn. Teachers at SDN Pasirbatang implement technology-based learning strategies and methods such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Cooperative Learning to create an interesting and relevant learning atmosphere. However, limited facilities, technology constraints and senior teachers' lack of skills in using technology are the main challenges. Solutions implemented include individualized approaches, learning media innovation, and student empowerment in media making. Based on the questionnaire results, 82% of students supported the use of learning media, showing the effectiveness of visual and interactive media in improving students' understanding and participation. This research confirms the importance of the role of teachers in utilizing learning media to create more meaningful, effective, and efficient learning, so as to improve the quality of education in primary schools, especially in areas with limited facilities.

This research aims to evaluate learning strategies in individual service programs for students with Special Needs (ABK) in inclusive elementary schools (SD). The method used is literature study, by examining various sources from journals, books and scientific articles. The research results show that effective individual learning strategies include curriculum adjustments, application of various learning methods, and collaboration between class teachers and accompanying teachers. In addition, support from the school environment and family was also identified as an important factor in the success of this program. The implementation of individual service programs aims to meet the special needs of each ABK student, so that they can reach their maximum potential in an inclusive education environment. It is hoped that this research can make a significant contribution to the development of inclusive education practices in Indonesia.

This article discusses the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in supporting elementary school (SD) students' understanding of Mathematics subjects. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this research analyzes various literature to describe the potential of AI technology in adaptive, interactive and personalized learning. The results show that AI makes a significant contribution to improving understanding of mathematical concepts, but also faces challenges in its implementation. Therefore, this research recommends a strategic approach to integrating AI into the basic education system.

This study aims to analyze strategies for popularizing traditional food through the Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students Project (P5). Traditional food, as part of cultural heritage, is increasingly marginalized by the popularity of modern food among the younger generation. This research employs a library research method by reviewing relevant literature on P5 and the preservation of traditional food. The findings show that implementing P5 with an entrepreneurship theme in elementary schools can enhance students' awareness of traditional food while fostering entrepreneurial values. Activities such as school bazaars and cooking practices contribute to introducing traditional food to students, engaging them in experiential learning, and instilling values of collaboration and creativity. In conclusion, the strategy of popularizing traditional food through P5 is an effective step to preserve cultural heritage while fostering students' character in line with the Pancasila Student Profile.

This research aims to explore the use of digital maps in enhancing the local geography understanding of elementary school students. (SD). Digital maps, which offer geographic information interactively and visually, have great potential in helping students understand geographic concepts related to their surroundings. The use of digital maps in local geography education in elementary schools is an increasingly popular educational innovation in Indonesia. Digital maps help students understand geography concepts and support educational principles. Local geography learning, which includes knowledge about location, distance, and the relationship between humans and nature in the surrounding area, can be better understood through the use of digital maps. This research uses the Library Research method. The results of the study show that digital maps help students more easily recognize and identify various elements of local geography, such as geographical location, topographical differences, and the distribution of natural and human resources. Additionally, the use of digital maps also increases students' motivation and engagement in learning, as the teaching materials are presented in a more interesting and interactive manner. Thus, this research concludes that the integration of digital maps in local geography learning can enrich students' learning experiences, clarify their understanding of geographical concepts, and improve the quality of geography education at the elementary school level.

Advances in information and communication technology have had a significant impact on the world of education, especially in increasing cultural literacy in elementary schools. Cultural literacy is the ability to understand and appreciate cultural norms, values ​​and diversity, which is very important in the era of globalization. One potential technology-based learning media is Educaplay, this interactive platform provides various interesting learning features. This research aims to analyze the use of Educaplay as a cultural literacy medium through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The research results show that Educaplay is able to increase students' interest and understanding of local culture through an interactive, flexible and contextual learning approach. This media also strengthens students' digital skills and encourages attitudes of tolerance and respect for cultural diversity. These findings underline the importance of integrating technology in cultural learning to create a generation that is culturally literate and globally competitive.

Communication is a very important activity in life, including in the context of education. This study aims to explore the level of communication between students and teachers and its impact on the learning atmosphere. In education, effective communication between teachers and students plays a key role in forming a smooth and conducive learning process. This study shows that a two-way relationship between teachers and students can improve students' understanding of the material and learning motivation. The results of the study convey that communication barriers, such as language disparities and an unsupported learning environment, can interfere with the learning process. Therefore, it is crucial to identify these barriers in order to apply effective tactics to overcome them and improve the quality of learning. A friendly, concise, and attentive teacher communication style has been shown to create a more enjoyable and productive learning experience. This study also emphasizes the importance of shared communication that can influence students' emotions and empathy, as a result of creating a conducive and effective learning atmosphere. Overall, this study is needed to contribute theory and practice to understanding the dynamics of communication in education, and as a basis for teachers to improve the quality of communication in the learning process.

This study is a form of character education strategy analysis to form responsible elementary school students through a literature study approach. The data for this study were obtained from a literature review including books, academic journals and previous research related to classroom management and how students' characters are formed. The results of this study explain that effective character education strategies include the development of participatory rules, the application of consistent consequences, and rewards for positive behavior. This approach helps students understand the importance of personal and social responsibility to support the creation of a conducive learning environment. This study provides a conceptual contribution to the development of classroom management strategies as an integral part of character education in elementary schools.

This research aims to examine the impact of using technology-based learning media on class X Software Engineering (RPL) students at SMKN 7 Serang City. In the ever-growing digital era, technology has become an important part of education, offering various forms of learning media that are more interactive and interesting. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to explore the challenges and impacts of using technology-based learning media on student learning outcomes. Data collection techniques were carried out through literature studies, interviews and direct observation. The research results show that the use of technology-based learning media can improve the quality of learning and understanding of the material by students, as well as motivate them to be more active in learning. Media such as digital tutorials, e-learning, and simulations allow students to learn independently and gain practical skills relevant to the world of work. However, there are significant challenges, such as limited technological facilities and gaps in access between students who have devices and those who do not. Therefore, efforts are needed to improve technological facilities and equalize access for all students. This research contributes to understanding the role of technology in education, especially at SMKN 7 Serang City, as well as providing recommendations for maximizing the implementation of technology-based learning media in vocational education in Indonesia.

This research focuses on the application of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model to enhance student participation at SMAN 6 Pandeglang. This topic is significant because many students exhibit low engagement in collaborative learning environments. TGT, as a cooperative model, involves students in competitive games that encourage their active involvement. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method, following five steps of TGT implementation: information delivery, team formation, games, tournaments, and group awards. The findings indicate that the application of the TGT model successfully improved student participation and motivation. Students reported feeling more engaged and enthusiastic during the learning process. In conclusion, the TGT model is effective not only in increasing student participation but also in fostering 21st-century skills such as collaboration and communication.    

This research aims to determine the influence of painting with natural materials on the development of elementary school children's creativity. Through literature studies, this research analyzes various relevant publications to identify the concept of creativity, the benefits of using natural materials in art learning, as well as the results of previous research related to this topic. The research results show that painting activities with natural materials have great potential in stimulating children's creativity through various aspects, such as critical thinking skills, imagination and self-expression. Apart from that, this activity can also improve fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and environmental awareness in children. The use of a variety of natural materials and their multisensory nature can provide a fun and meaningful learning experience for children, thereby encouraging their interest and motivation to learn.

This study examines the comparison between conventional learning and technology-based learning on student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning of the comparison between the two learning methods, explore the meaning of conventional learning, technology-based learning, and student learning outcomes, and finally compare the effectiveness of the two methods in improving the learning outcomes of grade VIII students at SMP Cerdas Bangsa. The methods used in this study are literature studies and experiments involving two groups of students; the first group follows conventional learning, while the second group follows technology-based learning. The results of the study indicate that technology-based learning has a more significant impact on improving student learning outcomes compared to conventional learning.