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This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students caused by the lack of learning activities involving students, as the learning process is still centered on the teacher. This makes students less active in participating in learning. This study aims to describe the improvement in student learning outcomes in Pancasila and Citizenship Education learning using the Inquiry model assisted by audio-visual media in class IV of SDN 16 Padang Besi, Padang City. The type of research used is classroom action research (CAR) with qualitative and quantitative approaches, carried out in two cycles. The research procedure consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The data obtained are related to learning outcomes using the Inquiry model assisted by audio-visual media. Data collection techniques include observation, tests, and non-tests. The research subjects involved class teachers as observers, researchers as practitioners, and 26 class IV students. The results of the study show that: first, the cycle I teaching module obtained an average of 85.3% (B), increasing in cycle II to 95% (SB). Second, the implementation results of the teacher's learning aspects in cycle I reached 82% (B), increasing in cycle II to 96% (SB). Third, the implementation results of the students' learning aspects in cycle I were 82% (B), increasing to 96% (SB) in cycle II. Fourth, the average student learning outcomes in cycle I were 77 (C), increasing to 89 (B) in cycle II. Thus, it can be concluded that the Inquiry model can improve student learning outcomes in Pancasila and Citizenship Education learning.

This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of students caused by the lack of learning activities involving students, as the learning process is still centered on the teacher. This makes students less active in participating in learning. This study aims to describe the improvement in student learning outcomes in Pancasila and Citizenship Education learning using the Inquiry model assisted by audio-visual media in class IV of SDN 16 Padang Besi, Padang City. The type of research used is classroom action research (CAR) with qualitative and quantitative approaches, carried out in two cycles. The research procedure consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The data obtained are related to learning outcomes using the Inquiry model assisted by audio-visual media. Data collection techniques include observation, tests, and non-tests. The research subjects involved class teachers as observers, researchers as practitioners, and 26 class IV students. The results of the study show that: first, the cycle I teaching module obtained an average of 85.3% (B), increasing in cycle II to 95% (SB). Second, the implementation results of the teacher's learning aspects in cycle I reached 82% (B), increasing in cycle II to 96% (SB). Third, the implementation results of the students' learning aspects in cycle I were 82% (B), increasing to 96% (SB) in cycle II. Fourth, the average student learning outcomes in cycle I were 77 (C), increasing to 89 (B) in cycle II. Thus, it can be concluded that the Inquiry model can improve student learning outcomes in Pancasila and Citizenship Education learning.

This study aims to describe and analyze various forms of lexical errors found in the observation report texts in Indonesian language textbooks for eighth-grade junior high school students, as well as identify inappropriate diction based on categories such as connotative, denotative, formal, informal, general, specific, and borrowed foreign words. The research utilized a qualitative descriptive linguistic analysis of three authentic and representative observation report texts. The findings indicate numerous lexical errors, including the use of foreign terms without equivalents, redundant synonyms, and words inappropriate for formal or scientific contexts. These errors potentially reduce communication effectiveness, disrupt message clarity, and affect language correctness within the texts. If left uncorrected, such errors may cause ambiguities and hinder students’ comprehension of the reports objectively and accurately. Suggested corrections include selecting precise, specific words aligned with Indonesian language norms and employing neutral, objective language to facilitate student understanding and strengthen the educational value of the textbook. These findings provide valuable references for developing quality teaching materials and enhancing teachers’ and authors’ competencies in crafting effective, standards-compliant texts. This research is expected to offer practical and theoretical benefits, ultimately improving the overall language learning process in educational settings.

This study aims to describe and analyze various forms of lexical errors found in the observation report texts in Indonesian language textbooks for eighth-grade junior high school students, as well as identify inappropriate diction based on categories such as connotative, denotative, formal, informal, general, specific, and borrowed foreign words. The research utilized a qualitative descriptive linguistic analysis of three authentic and representative observation report texts. The findings indicate numerous lexical errors, including the use of foreign terms without equivalents, redundant synonyms, and words inappropriate for formal or scientific contexts. These errors potentially reduce communication effectiveness, disrupt message clarity, and affect language correctness within the texts. If left uncorrected, such errors may cause ambiguities and hinder students’ comprehension of the reports objectively and accurately. Suggested corrections include selecting precise, specific words aligned with Indonesian language norms and employing neutral, objective language to facilitate student understanding and strengthen the educational value of the textbook. These findings provide valuable references for developing quality teaching materials and enhancing teachers’ and authors’ competencies in crafting effective, standards-compliant texts. This research is expected to offer practical and theoretical benefits, ultimately improving the overall language learning process in educational settings.

This research is based on the results of field observations, namely the low learning outcomes of students due to the lack of learning activities involving students because the learning process is still centered on the teacher, so that students are still less active in the learning process. The purpose of this study is to describe the improvement in student learning outcomes in learning about the circumference of flat shapes using the Problem Based Learning model in class V of SDN 15 Anduring, Padang City. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR) using qualitative and quantitative approaches. This research was conducted in two cycles, with research procedures consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research data obtained are related to the results Problem Based Learning model learning. Data collection techniques in the form of observation analysis, tests and non-tests. The subjects of this study were class teachers as observers, researchers as practitioners or teachers, and 24 students of class V SDN 15 Anduring, Padang City. The results of the study showed that: First, the cycle I teaching module obtained an average of 60% (C), increasing in cycle II to 90% (SB). Second, the results of the implementation of learning aspects of teachers in cycle I obtained an average of 75% (C), increasing in cycle II to 90% (SB). Third, the results of the implementation of learning aspects of students in cycle I obtained an average of 70% (C), increasing in cycle II to 90% (SB). Thus, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning model can improve student learning outcomes in learning the Perimeter of Flat Shapes in class V SDN 15 Anduring, Padang City.

This research is based on the results of field observations, namely the low learning outcomes of students due to the lack of learning activities involving students because the learning process is still centered on the teacher, so that students are still less active in the learning process. The purpose of this study is to describe the improvement in student learning outcomes in learning about the circumference of flat shapes using the Problem Based Learning model in class V of SDN 15 Anduring, Padang City. This type of research is classroom action research (CAR) using qualitative and quantitative approaches. This research was conducted in two cycles, with research procedures consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research data obtained are related to the results Problem Based Learning model learning. Data collection techniques in the form of observation analysis, tests and non-tests. The subjects of this study were class teachers as observers, researchers as practitioners or teachers, and 24 students of class V SDN 15 Anduring, Padang City. The results of the study showed that: First, the cycle I teaching module obtained an average of 60% (C), increasing in cycle II to 90% (SB). Second, the results of the implementation of learning aspects of teachers in cycle I obtained an average of 75% (C), increasing in cycle II to 90% (SB). Third, the results of the implementation of learning aspects of students in cycle I obtained an average of 70% (C), increasing in cycle II to 90% (SB). Thus, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning model can improve student learning outcomes in learning the Perimeter of Flat Shapes in class V SDN 15 Anduring, Padang City.

In the era of modern education, teachers are expected to create a creative and interactive learning environment. One approach that is increasingly being implemented is game-based learning combined with literacy enhancement at the elementary school level. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this method in improving student learning outcomes. Data were collected through interviews with teachers at SDN 08 Salimpaung and supported by literature from ten scientific journals. The analysis results indicate that this strategy can improve student participation, conceptual understanding, and learning motivation.

In the era of modern education, teachers are expected to create a creative and interactive learning environment. One approach that is increasingly being implemented is game-based learning combined with literacy enhancement at the elementary school level. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this method in improving student learning outcomes. Data were collected through interviews with teachers at SDN 08 Salimpaung and supported by literature from ten scientific journals. The analysis results indicate that this strategy can improve student participation, conceptual understanding, and learning motivation.

Improving the quality of leraning in vocational high school (SMK) is essential to meet the demands of a competency-based workforce, especially in the Agricultural Food Crop and Horticultural Agribusiness expertise program. One of the challenges faced is the low student achievement in practical subjects, such as Grafting techniques. This study aims to enhance the learning outcomes of grade X ATPH 2 students at SMK negeri 1 Gondang through the implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model in the Agribusiness Food Crop and Horticulture subject, focusing on grafting material. This research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method conducted in two cycles, starting from the pre-cycle to cycle I. the research involved 30 students and was conducted from February to April 2025. The instrument used was a cognitive test analyzed quantitatively to measure student learning outcomes. The results showed an increase in the average student score from 51.23 in the pre-cycle to 76.2 in cycle I. the percentage of learning mastery also significantly increased from 16% to 57%. The implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PjBl) model provided a concrete and comprehensible learning experience, enhancing student participation and motivation.

Improving the quality of leraning in vocational high school (SMK) is essential to meet the demands of a competency-based workforce, especially in the Agricultural Food Crop and Horticultural Agribusiness expertise program. One of the challenges faced is the low student achievement in practical subjects, such as Grafting techniques. This study aims to enhance the learning outcomes of grade X ATPH 2 students at SMK negeri 1 Gondang through the implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model in the Agribusiness Food Crop and Horticulture subject, focusing on grafting material. This research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method conducted in two cycles, starting from the pre-cycle to cycle I. the research involved 30 students and was conducted from February to April 2025. The instrument used was a cognitive test analyzed quantitatively to measure student learning outcomes. The results showed an increase in the average student score from 51.23 in the pre-cycle to 76.2 in cycle I. the percentage of learning mastery also significantly increased from 16% to 57%. The implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PjBl) model provided a concrete and comprehensible learning experience, enhancing student participation and motivation.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model in enhancing the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary school students through a literature review. The method used is a literature study, collecting data from various sources, including books, academic journals, and previous relevant research. Data analysis was conducted by examining theories and past research findings regarding the impact of Discovery Learning on student motivation and learning outcomes. The study results indicate that implementing Discovery Learning can increase students' learning motivation by providing a more active and meaningful learning experience. Furthermore, previous research also highlights that this model positively contributes to improving students' academic performance. Thus, Discovery Learning can be considered an effective instructional strategy for enhancing motivation and academic achievement in elementary school students.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model in enhancing the motivation and learning outcomes of fourth-grade elementary school students through a literature review. The method used is a literature study, collecting data from various sources, including books, academic journals, and previous relevant research. Data analysis was conducted by examining theories and past research findings regarding the impact of Discovery Learning on student motivation and learning outcomes. The study results indicate that implementing Discovery Learning can increase students' learning motivation by providing a more active and meaningful learning experience. Furthermore, previous research also highlights that this model positively contributes to improving students' academic performance. Thus, Discovery Learning can be considered an effective instructional strategy for enhancing motivation and academic achievement in elementary school students.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan metode tematik dalam pembelajaran bahasa berdasarkan perspektif siswa dan guru. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan melibatkan wawancara mendalam, observasi kelas, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode tematik mampu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi bahasa melalui integrasi berbagai keterampilan bahasa, seperti membaca, menulis, berbicara, dan mendengar, dalam konteks tema tertentu. Guru memandang metode ini sebagai strategi efektif untuk memotivasi siswa, meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaannya, terutama terkait waktu dan sumber daya. Perspektif siswa mengungkapkan bahwa metode ini mempermudah mereka memahami materi dan meningkatkan partisipasi aktif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan implementasi metode tematik, termasuk kesiapan guru, kurikulum, dan dukungan fasilitas. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pengembangan pedagogi bahasa dan menyarankan peningkatan pelatihan bagi guru dalam penerapan metode tematik.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan metode tematik dalam pembelajaran bahasa berdasarkan perspektif siswa dan guru. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan melibatkan wawancara mendalam, observasi kelas, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode tematik mampu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi bahasa melalui integrasi berbagai keterampilan bahasa, seperti membaca, menulis, berbicara, dan mendengar, dalam konteks tema tertentu. Guru memandang metode ini sebagai strategi efektif untuk memotivasi siswa, meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaannya, terutama terkait waktu dan sumber daya. Perspektif siswa mengungkapkan bahwa metode ini mempermudah mereka memahami materi dan meningkatkan partisipasi aktif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan implementasi metode tematik, termasuk kesiapan guru, kurikulum, dan dukungan fasilitas. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pengembangan pedagogi bahasa dan menyarankan peningkatan pelatihan bagi guru dalam penerapan metode tematik.