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Conflict is an inevitable phenomenon in organizations and educational institutions, and if not managed properly can have a negative impact on performance, effectiveness, and interpersonal relationships. However, conflict also has the potential to be a catalyst for improvement if managed appropriately. Therefore, it is important to systematically examine the stages of conflict, their impacts, and relevant management strategies. This study aims to answer the following questions: (1) How are the stages of conflict identified in various organizational and educational contexts? (2) What are the impacts of conflict on organizations? and (3) What management strategies are most effectively implemented? The method used was a literature review by searching articles through national and international databases using the keywords stages of conflict, conflict management, and education. Of the 73 initial articles, 18 primary articles were selected for thematic analysis. The analysis revealed three main findings: (1) conflict generally develops through stages of latency, escalation, and overt manifestation; (2) conflict negatively impacts performance if left unchecked, but can be constructive if managed; and (3) effective conflict management strategies are contextual, combining structural, interpersonal, and cultural-religious value approaches. In conclusion, this literature highlights the need for adaptive conflict management to maintain organizational stability. Further research is suggested to explore integrative models of conflict management based on local values and educational practices.

This study aims to analyze the influence of organizational culture, work environment, and workplace boredom on employee performance through Cyberloafing behavior among employees at PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero). The research employed a survey method with a quantitative descriptive approach, enabling systematic collection of numerical data to identify relationships among variables. The sample consisted of 339 employees selected purposively to reflect diverse perceptions regarding organizational culture, working conditions, and levels of boredom. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), which allows testing both direct and indirect effects among variables. The results indicate that organizational culture, work environment, and workplace boredom significantly affect employee performance, both directly and through Cyberloafing behavior. Cyberloafing was found to mediate the relationship between organizational culture, work environment, and employee boredom with performance, thereby either strengthening or weakening the influence of these variables on work outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of managing an organizational culture that promotes productivity, improving a conducive work environment, and reducing employee boredom levels. Additionally, controlling Cyberloafing behavior is crucial for optimizing employee performance. The study provides practical implications for the management of PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero) in designing effective policies and programs to enhance work efficiency and employee satisfaction.

This study investigates the impact of taste and service quality on customer loyalty, with customer satisfaction serving as a mediating variable, at Dapoer MbokSum Kediri. The research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data were obtained through the distribution of structured questionnaires to customers, while secondary data were collected via interviews with the business owner and direct field observations to gain a deeper understanding of operational practices. A total of 120 respondents were selected through accidental sampling, ensuring that participants met specific criteria relevant to the study objectives. The data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS 4.0, incorporating validity and reliability testing to ensure the robustness of the measurement instruments, as well as hypothesis testing to evaluate the relationships between variables. The results of the analysis indicate that both taste and service quality exert significant and positive influences on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, service quality demonstrates a significant and direct positive effect on customer loyalty. In contrast, taste does not show a direct influence on loyalty, suggesting that its effect on loyalty is more indirect and mediated by satisfaction Additionally, the mediation analysis confirms that customer satisfaction plays a critical role in linking both taste and service quality to customer loyalty. This implies that while customers may appreciate the taste of food, it is their overall satisfaction—encompassing both taste and service experiences—that ultimately drives loyalty. The study highlights the importance for culinary businesses, particularly in the competitive food service industry, to focus not only on product quality but also on delivering excellent service to enhance satisfaction and foster long-term customer relationships. The findings provide practical insights for Dapoer MbokSum Kediri and similar establishments to strategically prioritize service quality improvements alongside maintaining food taste to maximize customer retention and loyalty.

Entrepreneurial management is a process that involves the ability of individuals to create, manage, and develop businesses effectively in order to survive and compete in the midst of dynamic market changes. In this context, interest, creativity, and connections are important factors that can drive the success of a business, especially in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. This study aims to analyze the influence of interest (X1), creativity (X2), and connection (X3) on business success (Y) in food MSME actors in Sumberejo Village. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The main instrument used in data collection is a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The number of respondents in this study was 77 people, who were selected using purposive sampling techniques based on certain criteria such as the length of business and the type of food products produced. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression with the help of statistical software. The results of the study show that the variables of interest, creativity, and connection simultaneously or partially have a positive and significant effect on the success of MSME businesses. Thus, MSME actors who have a high interest in entrepreneurship, are able to create product innovations, and have a wide network of relationships, tend to have a greater chance of achieving business success. This research suggests the need for entrepreneurship training that not only focuses on the technical aspects of production, but also the development of soft skills and social networks. Thus, the empowerment of MSMEs in rural areas will be more optimal and sustainable. These findings are expected to be a reference for village governments, training institutions, and other related parties in formulating strategies to strengthen MSMEs in rural areas.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Product Quality, Price, Sales Promotion, and Advertising on consumer purchasing decisions on the Bukalapak online store platform. This study used a quantitative approach with descriptive methods, aiming to illustrate the relationships between variables based on empirical data. Primary data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 120 respondents who were active Bukalapak users in the West Medan District. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression with the aid of SPSS software to determine the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable. The analysis results indicate that, partially, the variables Product Quality, Sales Promotion, and Advertising have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions. This means that the higher the product quality, the more effective the promotion, and the more attractive the advertisement, the greater the likelihood of consumers making a purchase. Conversely, the variable Price showed a negative and significant influence, indicating that inappropriate pricing can reduce purchase intention. Simultaneously, all four variables have a significant influence on purchasing decisions. The Adjusted R Square value of 70.4% indicates that this research model is able to explain 70.4% of the variation in purchasing decisions, while the dependent variable is influenced by factors outside the model. This study recommends that Bukalapak continue to improve product quality, develop competitive pricing strategies, strengthen promotions, and create creative advertising. Further research is recommended to consider additional variables such as product reviews, brand image, and service quality to enrich the analysis.

This study aims to analyze the influence of capital structure, company size, and liquidity on the financial performance of manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period. The food and beverage industry is one of the sectors that has a significant contribution to national economic growth, so understanding the factors that affect its financial performance is crucial. The method used is a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis techniques to test the relationships between variables. The data used comes from the annual financial statements of companies that are included in the sub-sector for the past five years. The results of the study show that partially, the capital structure has a significant influence on the company's financial performance, which is shown by a calculated t-value of 6.414 and a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05). These findings indicate that the more optimal the capital structure managed by the company, the better its financial performance. On the other hand, company size and liquidity do not show a significant influence on financial performance. The company size has a t-value of -1.493 with a significance of 0.140 (> 0.05), while liquidity has a t-value of 0.765 with a significance of 0.447 (> 0.05). However, simultaneously, these three independent variables together have a significant effect on financial performance, as shown by a calculated F-value of 19,527 and a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05). The results of this study provide important implications for company management to pay more attention to the management of capital structure, as it is the dominant factor in influencing financial performance. Optimizing capital structure can be used as a strategy to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of the company in the midst of the dynamics of the food and beverage industry.

PT Unilever Indonesia’s strategic application is examined through the Balanced Scorecard framework, focusing on four key perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth. The analysis reveals that while the company demonstrates strong financial performance, such as high ROI and ROE, challenges like declining annual profits and increasing liabilities signal the need for improved cost management and risk mitigation. Unilever's strategy emphasizes innovation and customer relationships, leveraging Total Quality Management (TQM) and continuous product enhancements. However, internal issues such as employee work culture, inadequate facilities, and employee satisfaction remain significant obstacles to organizational performance. The findings suggest a need for stronger employee engagement and workplace improvements, alongside enhanced financial sustainability strategies. Future research could explore how external factors, such as shifting market trends and government regulations, influence Unilever’s strategic decisions and overall success.

This study aims to analyze the influence of working capital management, leverage, and institutional ownership on the profitability of consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period, while also examining company size as a moderating variable. The consumer goods sector, which has a large market potential in Indonesia, makes it essential to understand how these financial aspects affect company performance. Working capital management plays a crucial role in maintaining liquidity and operational efficiency, leverage determines the extent to which companies rely on debt financing, and institutional ownership reflects external monitoring that can drive managerial discipline. Company size is considered a moderating factor that could strengthen or weaken these relationships, especially in influencing profitability levels. Using a quantitative approach, the research findings reveal that each of the main variables—working capital management, leverage, and institutional ownership—partially and significantly affects profitability. More specifically, company size is found to moderate the effect of leverage on profitability, indicating that larger firms may be better positioned to optimize debt usage compared to smaller firms. This study not only provides empirical evidence regarding financial determinants of profitability but also enriches the discussion on how moderating factors such as firm size can influence the dynamics of corporate financial performance. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for stakeholders, including managers seeking to optimize financial policies, investors evaluating company performance, and academics or researchers interested in exploring further implications for corporate governance and financial strategy in emerging markets like Indonesia. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of managing financial variables strategically to sustain profitability in the highly competitive consumer goods industry.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Brand Image and Social Media Promotion on Purchase Decisions, with Consumer Satisfaction as an intervening variable in Balisijuk.id in Payakumbuh. In the digital era, a strong Brand Image and effective promotion strategies through social media are important factors in attracting interest and increasing Consumer Satisfaction, which ultimately influences purchase decisions. This research method uses a quantitative approach with purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to Balisijuk.id consumers. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression models and path analysis to test the direct and indirect relationships between variables. The results of the study show that Brand Image and Social Media Promotion have a significant effect on Consumer Satisfaction. Furthermore, Consumer Satisfaction proved to be an intervening variable that strengthened the relationship between Brand Image, Social Media Promotion, and Purchase Decision. In other words, the more positive the Brand Image and the more effective the Social Media Promotion, the higher the Consumer Satisfaction, which ultimately drives the Purchase Decision. This research provides practical implications for business actors, especially Balisijuk.id, in designing more effective marketing strategies through strengthening Brand Image and optimizing Social Media Promotion to increase consumer satisfaction and purchase decisions Balisijuk.id.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of leadership style and work stress on turnover intention. A quantitative approach was employed, with the research focusing on a causal, or cause-and-effect, relationship. Data were collected through surveys using questionnaires distributed to participants selected as the study's subjects. Causal research aims to identify the cause-and-effect relationships between variables, specifically the independent and dependent variables. This study utilized a saturated sampling technique, where the entire population—comprising 35 employees—was included in the sample. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis was conducted using the Smart PLS 3.2.9 software. The study's findings revealed that leadership style directly influences turnover intention, while work stress does not significantly impact turnover intention.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of store atmosphere and customer lifestyle on purchasing behavior, focusing specifically on Parewa customers. Employing a quantitative survey methodology, the research integrates an explanatory approach with a correlational design to explore the relationships between these variables. The study follows a cross-sectional framework, with data collected at a single point in time. The individual purchaser serves as the unit of analysis, and the research is carried out within a natural, real-world environment. The findings demonstrate a statistically significant and positive correlation between store atmosphere and customers' purchasing decisions. This implies that an inviting and comfortable store environment increases the likelihood of customer purchases at Parewa. Additionally, the results show a significant positive correlation between lifestyle and purchasing behavior, suggesting that customers with enhanced lifestyles are more inclined to purchase Parewa products. These insights underline the importance of aligning store ambiance and customer lifestyle preferences to drive sales effectively.  

Creating a positive work environment through effective conflict management plays a crucial and important role in fostering a productive and harmonious workplace. It was found that conflict resolution techniques such as mediation, negotiation, and a collaborative approach can reduce tension and strengthen relationships among employees. Open communication also proves to be a key factor in managing conflicts constructively, with companies that have transparent communication policies being more capable of creating a harmonious work atmosphere. A proactive approach by managers in handling potential conflicts, as well as ongoing training in conflict resolution, also plays a significant role in creating a healthy and productive environment.

Effective Human Resources (HR) management is the key to the success of every company in achieving its strategic goals. In this context, recruitment, selection and placement of employees plays an important role as the first process that determines the quality and performance of a company's workforce. This study covers recruitment, selection, factors influencing selection, as well as the recruitment and selection process. The data collected is analyzed comprehensively to identify patterns, trends, and relationships between the recruitment and selection process, its factors, and placement in organizational performance. The results of this study are intended to provide valuable insights for human resource managers. The practical implications of this research will lead to the development of selection factors, more accurate recruitment and selection processes, and more targeted staff placement, which will ultimately improve overall organizational performance.

This research is classified as correlational research consisting of two independent variables, namely Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction and one dependent variable Teacher Work Effectiveness. The population in the study was 305 teachers of private vocational schools in West Bogor Sub-district, with a sample size of 173 teachers, whose determination used the Slovin formula and used Proportional Random Sampling. Data were collected using instruments in the form of questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive analysis and inferential statistics and analyzed SITOREM. The results showed three positive relationships. First, there is a positive relationship between Servant Leadership and Teacher Work Effectiveness with a correlation coefficient value of 0.373. Second, there is a positive relationship between job satisfaction and teacher work effectiveness with a correlation coefficient value of 0.740. Third, there is a positive relationship between Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction together with Teacher Work Effectiveness with a correlation coefficient value of 0.750. And based on the results of the SITOREM analysis, it shows that there are several indicators that must be improved and several indicators must be maintained. Indicators that must be improved include the implementation of evaluations, self-adjustment to the environment, humility, trust, courage, the job itself, supervision, promotion. Thus it can be concluded that Teacher Work Effectiveness can be improved through strengthening Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction both partially and jointly.

In the era of globalization, business competition is getting tighter cause marketing activities and management of a company are encouraged to follow the development in order to maintain the continuity of the company. CV. Network Maha Jaya to do relationship marketing to satisfy and establish good relationships with customers. Good relationship marketing efforts can assist companies in understanding the wants and needs so that the company can satisfy and build loyalty of the customers to always be loyal to the company within the period ahead. This study aims to analyze the influence of relationship marketing on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty Kompas newspaper in Surabaya. This study used a descriptive quantitative research methods and data collection techniques by sampling from questionnaires.

This research aims to examine the effects of compensation, work discipline, and motivation on employee productivity in PT Fimaha Serang. The study utilized a multiple linear regression analysis to investigate the relationships between the independent variables (compensation, work discipline, and motivation) and the dependent variable (employee productivity). Data was collected from 50 employees working in the production department, and a structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The findings indicated that work discipline had a significant and positive impact on employee productivity, while compensation and motivation showed positive effects, but their contributions were weaker and did not reach statistical significance at the 0.05 level. This study highlights the importance of work discipline in enhancing employee productivity and suggests that further investigation is needed to understand the roles of compensation and motivation in improving employee performance. These findings provide valuable insights for PT Fimaha Serang in optimizing factors that can boost employee productivity, particularly by emphasizing the importance of maintaining and improving work discipline. Further analysis and consideration are recommended when formulating compensation and motivation policies to enhance overall employee productivity.

This Bottled Drinking Water Factory (AMDK) is drinking water that is packaged and processed through electronic machines and is safe to drink. It is processed according to quality standards and in accordance with applicable techniques and meets the specified requirements so that bottled drinking water is safe for consumption by the public. This study aims to determine the service quality strategy carried out by the Abillaits AMDK factory in the Ambunten subdistrict, Sumenep Regency. Which was carried out using a qualitative approach method. Methods of data collection using observation, interviews, and documentation. With 1 key informant and 6 supporting informants. Data analysis techniques using data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion.  The results of research conducted at the Abillaits AMDK factory show 2  strategies implemented by the Abillaits AMDK factory in Ambunten in an effort to meet customer satisfaction, namely the basic and main strategy. Basic service strategies such as thanking customers, communicating with customers. Listening to customer complints and neat appearance. The main strategy is the services provided in accordance with SOP, fast and responsive, competitive advantage, building good relationships with customers, and timeliness.

This study aims to investigate the intricate relationships among Return on Assets (ROA), Financial Distress, Return to Equity Ratio, and Firm Value within a specific context. Employing a case study approach, the research endeavors to discern the nuanced interplay between these financial metrics. The sampling technique involves purposive sampling to select firms representative of the studied population. Data analysis utilizes qualitative techniques, including thematic analysis and pattern recognition. The findings revealing how ROA, Financial Distress, and Return to Equity Ratio influence Firm Value within the examined context. These insights provide valuable implications for financial management strategies and decision-making processes, particularly in navigating complex financial landscapes.