Education plays an important role in shaping students' character and competence. One of the challenges faced by the world of education is how to build students' understanding of subject matter that is relevant to the context of their daily lives. In this case, ethnomathematics is a very potential approach to be applied in mathematics learning. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of ethnomatics-based mathematics learning to strengthen cultural values. This study uses a Qualitative research method with a case study approach. This approach allows researchers to explore the experiences, perceptions, and impacts of ethnomathematics learning on students and teachers. The research subjects consisted of: students, teachers and parents. The results of this study indicate that ethnomathematics can improve students' mathematics learning achievement, especially in terms of identifying, translating, understanding the meaning of symbols, understanding and applying mathematical ideas, and making an exploration (estimate) related to mathematical concepts that is better than conventional learning.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Problem Solving learning model on student learning activity in Christian Religious Education and Character Education in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2024/2025 Academic Year. The method used in this study uses a quantitative research method. The population is all Protestant Christian students in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2024/2025 Academic Year, totaling 271 people and 41 people were determined as research respondents, namely 15% of the population. Data were collected using a positive closed questionnaire of 50 items. The results of the data analysis show that there is an influence of the Problem Solving learning model on the learning activity of students in Christian Religious Education and Character Education in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2024/2025 Academic Year: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.548> rtable (? = 0.05, n = 41) = 0.308 thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount value = 4.089> ttable (? = 0.05, dk = n-2 = 39) = 2.021 thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y ?="42","64"+0.84X. b) Regression determination coefficient test (r2) = 30%. 3) Hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fcount > Ftable = (? = 0.05, df numerator k = 15, df denominator = n-2 = 41-2 = 39) which is 16.70 > 1.92. Thus Ha, namely there is an influence of the Problem Solving learning model on the learning activity of students in Christian Religious Education and Character Education in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2024/2025 Academic Year is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Impoliteness is defined as communicative behavior that is intended to cause offense, social disruption, or emotional harm. The description that occurs not only in social life but can found in the film, which used by the characters. Culpeper divided three functions of impoliteness there are affective, coercive, and entertaining. This research aims to analyze the functions of impoliteness which found in the movie Pearl Harbor.The method used to analyze and collecting data which found and contained in the Pearl Harbor movie through descriptive qualitative methods, using Spradley 1980 theory. This research used data collection from the dialogues between characters in the movie. The result of this analysis shows that the researcher found three functions of impoliteness proposed by Culpeper. Three functions of impoliteness were found in this movie with two functions having the same data, namely affective and coercive. Because of the war setting so that these two functions are the most suitable to use and researcher also found one function of entertaining. The conclusion of this research that based on the background of war, then in this movie it is very suitable to be researched using impoliteness. In war usually raises conflict and tension where it can lead to impoliteness. The more tension there is in the movie, the more impoliteness is used.  
 

This research was motivated by the problem of students who were less active in asking and answering questions and did not pay attention to the teacher when explaining the material. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the STAD learning model on learning outcomes in terms of students' high interest, medium interest and low interest. The sample in this study was 42 class V students of UPTD SDN 02 Taram, using a saturated sampling technique. This research design uses quasi-experiment, because it involves 2 groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. Data collection techniques use questionnaires and test questions. Based on the results of research and data analysis, the t test calculation was found to be influential or Ha was accepted. So, from the results of the t test it is known that students' high interest is obtained tcount = 1.075; ttable for the 5% significance level is 2.446. So, tcount < ttable. This means that Ha is influenced or accepted. Medium interest obtained tcount = 0.742; ttable for the 5% significance level is 2.048. So, tcount < ttable. This means that Ha is influenced or accepted. Meanwhile, low interest obtained tcount = 1.526; ttable for the 5% significance level is 4.302. So, tcount < ttable. This means that Ha is influenced or accepted.

This research aims to: 1) Determine the efforts of MTs Ma'arif Tieng teachers in improving students' emotional and spiritual intelligence through Akidah Akhlak learning, and 2) Determine the factors that encourage and inhibit the development of students' emotional and spiritual intelligence. The data collection for this research was carried out qualitatively through documentation, interviews, and observations. The data analysis techniques used were data reduction, descriptive presentation, and triangulation. Based on the results of the study, educators used discussion techniques, positive behavior patterns, role models, rewards, and punishments to help children develop their emotional and spiritual intelligence. Supporting factors include cooperation between teachers and homeroom teachers, student enthusiasm, and madrasah programs such as da'wah activities, tahfiz, duha prayer, reading of rotibul athos, and OSIS. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include negative attitudes of students, lack of ability to read the Qur'an, and low learning discipline. This research is expected to add insight into the importance of the role of Akidah Akhlak teachers in improving students' spiritual and emotional intelligence, as well as encourage the development of more effective learning methods in this field.
 
 

This study was conducted to determine the effect of communication and organizational culture on employee performance through motivation as a mediating variable. This study is quantitative. The sample in this study amounted to 55 respondents based on purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted using a test tool in the form of SmartPLS 4.0. The results of the study indicate that communication and organizational culture have a positive and significant effect on employee performance through motivation as a mediating variable.

Cases of criminal acts of theft with ongoing aggravations, as regulated in various court decisions, criminal law provisions often give the impression that there is only one main perpetrator who is charged with criminal sanctions for each criminal act. Shows how criminal law must respond to situations where crimes are committed repeatedly and involve more than one individual. In general, participation can be interpreted as an act (criminal act) carried out by more than one person. Therefore, determining the position of the perpetrator in a criminal act is very important. Perpetrators in the general sense of plea must be distinguished from perpetrators in the formulation of Article 55 paragraph (1).The aim of this research is to determine the Juridical Review of the Crime of Theft with Continuous Aggravation. The location for data collection in this research was at the Galang Police Criminal Investigation Unit, Deli Serdang Police on Jl. Perintis Independen No 1 Galang Kota, Galang sub-district, Deli Serdang Regency. The type of research used in this research is empirical research, namely legal research carried out by examining library materials or secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Researchers can use one or a combination of techniques depending on the problem being faced or being researched. The data analysis technique used in this legal research uses qualitative analysis.Based on the research results, in Decision Number 1271/Pid.B/2023/PN Lbp regarding the crime of theft with ongoing aggravation, various causal factors and legal considerations show the complexity of the case. The main causal factors include economic and social conditions that encourage individuals to look for shortcuts in meeting their living needs, as well as the influence of the social and social environment which can increase the risk of involvement in criminal acts. Lack of access to education and training, as well as psychological factors such as emotional disorders and certain personality characteristics, also play a significant role in driving criminal activity.It can be concluded that the application of Article 363 Paragraph (1) 3rd and 4th of the Criminal Code, the Panel of Judges considered that the defendant's actions fulfilled the elements of the crime of theft with aggravation as regulated in Article 363 Paragraph (1) 3rd and 4th of the Criminal Code.

The aim of this research is to analyze the form of the notary's responsibility for deeds that are canceled due to forgery by the notary and to find out legal certainty regarding deeds that are canceled due to forgery by the notary. Notaries as public officials have a very important role in issuing authentic deeds as specified in statutory regulations. Their role does not rule out the possibility of misuse of the notary's authority over the deed issued. The involvement of a notary or even being the main actor in committing the crime of falsifying an authentic deed is very detrimental to the parties or parties involved. For this reason, notaries must be responsible for violations of the law. This research uses a statutory approach (statute perspective) and a conceptual approach. The method for collecting legal materials is a qualitative descriptive literature study. The results of the first research explain in detail the form of notary responsibility for forged deeds, legal sanctions will also be received by the notary if they are proven to have forged documents. These sanctions are in the form of administrative sanctions or codes of ethics, civil sanctions, and even criminal sanctions. This is as stated in Law Number 12 of 2014, an amendment to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Positions, the Civil Code, and the Criminal Code. The results of the second research show that legal certainty regarding Notarial deeds will be reduced if the Notarial deed contains forgeries or is not in accordance with the legal events that occurred. If this happens, the authentic deed will be degraded and even declared null and void. The novelty in this research is that the object studied focuses on the Notary's responsibility for deeds that are canceled due to elements of forgery committed by the Notary and explains them one by one.


Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis bentuk tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap akta yang dibatalkan sebab adanya pemalsuan oleh Notaris dan mengetahui kepastian hukum terhadap akta yang dibatalkan sebab adanya pemalsuan oleh Notaris. Notaris sebagai pejabat umum memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam penerbitan akta autentik sebagaimana yang telah ditentukan dalam peraturan perundang-undangan.. Keterbilatan Notaris atau bahkan menjadi aktor utama dalam melakukan tindak pidana pemalsuan akta autentik sangatlah merugikan bagi para pihak atau penghadap. Dari sebab itulah Notaris harus bertanggung jawab atas pelanggaran hukum yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Metode pengumpulan bahan hukum adalah studi kepustakaan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian pertama, menjelaskan secara rinci bentuk tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap akta yang dipalsukan, sanksi hukum juga akan diterima oleh Notaris jika terbukti telah melakukan pemalsuan surat. Sanksi-sanksi tersebut berupa sanksi administratif atau kode etik, sanksi perdata dan bahkan sanksi pidana. Hal ini sebagaimana telah dinyatakan dalam Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2014 perubahan dari Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris, Kitab Undang-undangn Hukum Perdata dan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana. Hasil penelitian kedua menunjukkan bahwa kepastian hukum terhadap akta Notaris akan berkurang jika akta Notaris berisikan pemalsuan atau tidak sesuai dengan peristiwa hukum yang terjadi. Jika ini terjadi, akta autentik akan didegradasi dan bahkan dinyatakan batal demi hukum. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah objek yang diteliti fokus pada tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap akta yang dibatalkan sebab adanya unsur pemalsuan yang dikakukan oleh Notaris dan menguraikannya satu persatu.

Along with ongoing economic changes and globalization, people's shopping behavior is also changing. Sometimes, someone buys something not because of need, but just for pleasure. This leads to wastefulness known as consumptive behavior. This research aims to determine the differences in consumptive behavior based on gender among students of the Faculty of Economics at Muhammadiyah University of Gresik. This type of research is quantitative research. The participants in this research numbered 285 students. The measuring instrument used is the consumptive behavior scale (Fromm, 1995). The statistical analysis method used is comparative analysis with chi-square testing. The results of this research show no difference in consumptive behavior between male and female students with a significance value of 0.840 > 0.05. The data categorization results show that the majority of subjects are at a moderate level of consumptive behavior, with a percentage of 72% for male students and 73% for female students. It is hoped that both male and female students can manage their finances as well as possible by saving and prioritizing needs over wants.