Toxic professional relationships—characterized by subtle exclusion, politicized decision-making, and emotional suppression—are a prevalent yet underexamined concern in academic institutions. This research emphasizes the psychological, pedagogical, and emotional repercussions for educators in situations characterized by workplace conflict, in contrast to prior studies that primarily examine structural factors. The study seeks to examine how educators perceive, interpret, and react to toxic dynamics, especially via reflective processes. We gathered data from three years of anonymized reflective journaling employing a qualitative, narrative-reflective methodology and conducted a theme analysis. Research highlights three main themes: the emotional effort needed to maintain professionalism despite feeling excluded, changes in teaching methods as a way to resist and find meaning, and how reflective practice helps teachers stay true to their teaching values. The analysis further demonstrates how gender and early-career status exacerbate susceptibility to toxic dynamics. The study prioritizes ethical contemplation as a transforming practice and a means of action instead of providing prescriptive solutions. Institutions should implement emotional intelligence training, equitable task allocation, and peer support mechanisms to cultivate more equal academic settings. This research advocates for a work culture founded on explicit performance expectations, mutual respect, compassion, and integrity in education, facilitating a deeper comprehension of teachers' authentic experiences in challenging school environments.

This study aims to analyze the position of the Constitutional Court's decision in the formation of laws and to examine the legal implications if the laws formed are in conflict with the Constitutional Court's decision. This study is important to conduct considering the polemic of alleged non-compliance of state administrators with the Constitutional Court's decision, especially in the formation of laws. This study is different from several previous studies because it examines the position of the Constitutional Court's decision and the legal implications of laws formed in conflict with the Constitutional Court's decision. Using a normative legal research method. The results obtained from this study are that the Constitutional Court's decision is a source of law in the formation of laws as stipulated in Article 10 paragraph (1) letter d of Law No. 12 of 2011, that one of the materials that must be included in the law is the follow-up to the Constitutional Court's decision. The legal implications of the formation of laws that are in conflict with the Constitutional Court's decision are that it will cause legal uncertainty, can harm human rights, and the law can be submitted for judicial review to the Constitutional Court. The Constitutional Court's decision is the official interpretation of the 1945 Constitution. Therefore, the DPR and the President are obliged to follow up on it in the formation of laws, so that the resulting laws can provide justice, benefits, and legal certainty as well as protection of human rights.
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedudukan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam pembentukan undang-undang serta mengkaji implikasi hukum apabila undang-undang yang dibentuk bertentangan dengan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan mengingat adanya polemik dugaan ketidakpatuhan penyelenggara negara terhadap putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi khususnya dalam pembentukan undang-undang. Penelitian ini memiliki perbedaan dengan beberapa penelitian sebelumnya karena mengakaji kedudukan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan implikasi hukum undang-undang yang dibentuk bertentangan dengan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi.  Menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi berkedudukan sebagai sumber hukum dalam pembentukan undang-undang sebagaimana ditentukan pada Pasal 10 ayat (1) huruf d UU No. 12 Tahun 2011, bahwa salah satu materi yang wajib dimuat dalam undang-undang adalah tindak lanjut atas putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Implikasi hukum pembentukan undang-undang yang bertentangan dengan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yakni akan menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum; dapat merugikan hak asasi manusia; dan undang-undang tersebut dapat diajukan judicial review di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Putusan Mahkamah Kontitusi merupakan penafsiran resmi UUD 1945. Oleh karena itu, DPR dan Presiden wajib menindaklanjutinya dalam pembentukan undang-undang, agar undang-undang yang dihasilkan dapat memberikan keadilan, kemanfaatan dan kepastian hukum serta perlindungan terhadap hak asasi manusia. 
 

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Biofertilizer is one of the substances that consist of living microorganismssuch as bacterial, actinomyces and fungi. These could be helped plants increasing essential elements and encourage growth. Rhizobium are a type of bacteria that conformation a symbiotic relationship with legume plant. This bacteria not only fix nitrogen but also are involved in increasing nutrient availability and regulating plant growth hormones. Mycorrhiza fungi are help plant by enhancing absorption and increasing uptake of nutrients. These beneficial of rhizobium and mycorrhiza bring this study to chose for checking the influence of yardlong bean production in Chiangmai, Thailand from June to November 2022. Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 4 treatments 4 replications as followed treatment 1) the control (without biofertilizer), treatment 2) rhizobium (R), treatment 3) mycorrhiza (M), and treatment 4) rhizobium + mycorrhiza (R + M) was laid out in this experiment. The data indicated that combining between rhizobium and mycorrhiza caused the highest average weight per pod (23.1 g) and pod length (53.4 cm), yardlong bean quality as well as vitamin C, total Chlorophyll and total dietary fiber at 20.2 mg 100g-1, 0.20 ?g g-1 and 2.7 mg 100g-1 respectively. This biofertilizer management methods provided the higher nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium iron and zinc contents of bean comparing with control treatment. Remarkably, mixed rhizobium and mycorrhiza elevated the highest yield of yardlong bean (369 kg ha-1)

Wearable technology is increasingly being used to assist children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in communication, emotional regulation, and daily activities. This paper reviews the effectiveness of smart wearables, such as biosensors, AI-powered communication aids, and emotion-detection devices, in improving the quality of life for children with ASD. The study highlights the role of technology in enhancing therapy and intervention strategies.
 
 

This study investigates the quality of education in public and private schools, focusing on various aspects of learning. The research aims to understand the differences and similarities in approaches, resources, and learning methodologies employed by both types of schools. Utilizing a qualitative approach, data was collected through interviews with deputy headmasters and heads of enterprises from selected public and private schools. The findings reveal significant differences in curricula, teaching methods, assessment practices, and teacher quality between the two types of schools. Public schools tend to emphasize student interactivity with a student-centered approach, while private schools are characterized by the use of modern technology and resources in learning. Despite these differences, both public and private schools share similarities in their commitment to improving the quality of teaching. Both types of schools invest in enhancing teacher competence through continuous training and professional development. The study concludes that although there are differences and similarities in approaches, resources, and learning methodologies in public and private schools, the quality of teachers and their commitment to improving teaching quality have a positive impact on both. This research provides valuable insights into the factors influencing learning quality in public and private schools, highlighting the crucial role of teachers and quality management in creating an effective and relevant learning environment for students.

The "Kampus Mengajar" program at SMPN 2 Merawang is implemented by students from the University of Bangka Belitung to raise awareness and enhance students' skills in plastic waste management. Through an educational and collaborative approach, this program encourages students to better understand the impact of plastic on the environment. The main activities include socialization on plastic waste management, the creation of eco-bricks, and participation in co-curricular activities such as an exhibition of student works. The results of the program show an increase in environmental awareness among students, as well as the development of proactive attitudes towards maintaining the cleanliness of the school environment.

Pendidikan inklusi adalah pendidikan yang memberikan kesempatan bagi peserta didik berkebutuhan khusus atau difabel untuk bersekolah di sekolah umum dan bergabung dengan peserta didik lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan fokus pada dampak kebijakan pendidikan inklusi terhadap peserta didik, serta faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat penerapannya di Sekolah Kharisma Makassar. Informan dalam penelitian ini meliputi ketua yayasan, kepala sekolah TK, kepala SD, orang tua peserta didik, pengajar, dan pengawas sekolah dari Dinas Pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa dampak positif kebijakan pendidikan inklusi, yaitu: (1) peningkatan kecerdasan peserta didik berkebutuhan khusus; (2) peningkatan kemampuan adaptasi dan interaksi dengan siswa reguler; (3) perkembangan minat dan bakat peserta didik; dan (4) peningkatan kemandirian siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Kelebihan penerapan kebijakan inklusi di Sekolah Kharisma meliputi: (1) meningkatnya sikap toleransi antara siswa reguler dan siswa berkebutuhan khusus; (2) peningkatan kepercayaan diri siswa berkebutuhan khusus; (3) peningkatan kemandirian mereka; (4) memfasilitasi hubungan sosial antara siswa berkebutuhan khusus dengan orang lain; dan (5) memperkaya wawasan pendidik tentang keberagaman. Terdapat beberapa kekurangan, seperti: (1) keterbatasan sumber daya manusia; (2) keterbatasan anggaran yang menghambat implementasi penuh pendidikan inklusi; (3) kurangnya fasilitas dan prasarana yang memadai; dan (4) rendahnya partisipasi warga sekolah dalam mendukung kebijakan ini.

The condition of coral fish will improve if the health of coral reefs has a direct impact on the abundance of coral fish. The literature review aims to identify coral fish species and the abundance of individual coral fish in Indonesian waters. This study is a literature review containing journal articles from 2010 to 2024 from the Google Scholar database. The results of the study show that the coral fish species found in Indonesian waters include Acanthuridae, Scaridae, Haemulidae, Mullidae, Lutjanidae, Caesionidae, Serranidae, Siganidae, Sphyraenidae, Pomacentridae, Chaetodontidae, Mullidae, Muraenidae, Nemipteridae, Apogonidae, Balistidae, Labridae, Aulostomidae, Carangidae, Holocentridae, Pemoheridae, Pomachantidae, Siganidae, Tetraodontidae, and Zanclidae. The highest abundance of coral fish in Indonesian waters is found in the waters of the Karimunjawa National Park Conservation area with the highest abundance value of 14,850 ind/ha, namely from the Pomacentridae family with factors that influence the abundance of coral fish in Indonesian waters in the form of environmental conditions, coral reef cover values, substrate morphological characteristics, and community activities.

The study investigated students’ perception and their attitudes toward the use of Google Classroom in Osun State University. The study is a descriptive study; a sample of 360 students from in Osun State University formed the participants for the study. The instrument for data collections was inventory and questionnaire and was structured by the researcher for data collection and reliability level was 0.78. Data collected were analyzed using mean, descriptive statistics (frequency count and simple percentage), t-test and correlation. The findings of the study revealed that students' perceived the usefulness of Google Classroom for learning process in Osun State University, students have positive attitude towards the use of Google Classroom for learning in Osun State University, difficulties associated with the use of google classroom in Osun State University as lack of ICT tools in campus, epileptic electricity power supply, cost of data, lack of class management in google classroom, learning schedule do not allow for google classroom for learning, insufficient number of ICT facilities, insufficient Internet bandwidth or speed, amongst others and there is no significant difference in the students’ perception of the use of Google Classroom for learning in Osun State University differ based on student’s gender. The following recommendations were made such as: academic institutions should apply Google Classroom as it will assist both students and lecturers to connect, work together, create assignments, grade students and post lecture notes, academic institutions should continue to promote and provide quality ICT infrastructures upgraded computer units, laptops, tablets, and most importantly school-wide wifi access for all the stakeholders, training should also be given to facilitators of learning and students on how to maximize the use of Google Classroom for effective teaching and learning and academic institutions are encouraged to make Google Classroom an avenue to promote e-learning among the students.