This research aims to find out the procedure for land certification as a result of the land swap (ruislag) in the implementation of the ruislag between MAN 2 Kuningan and Ciawigebang Village, a more in-depth analysis of the issues and strategies made by the parties involved in the certification process to achieve legal certainty of land rights. This research employs a qualitative research method, drawing on an empirical legal research approach and a sociological perspective. The results of this study indicate that the process of land certification as a result of ruislag is included in the maintenance service of land registration data by the Regulation of the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2010 concerning service standards and land regulations so that a certificate of use rights and a certificate of business use rights for four plots of land to replace the Ciawigebang MAN 2 Kuningan Village Treasury. The issues faced are related to administrative documents, designation of replacement land rights, and land conditions, because the distance between the ruislag process and land registration is quite long. Strategies made are cooperation between the parties, increasing the intensity of coordination between agencies, and reviewing regulations relating to the issuance of ruislag and registration of land rights. With these strategies, the certification process has become easier, thereby ensuring the legal certainty of land rights for rights holders.

This research aims to analyze and find out the legal considerations of the panel of judges in the decision of case Number 1332/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Btl) for the parties of the istishna' sale and purchase agreement which does not stipulate a delivery time limit. This research is normative legal research, which emphasizes the study of statutory norms, principles and principles of positive law, positive legal theory and basically legislative, conceptual and case approaches. In case decision Number 1332/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Btl., the panel of judges considered that the preliminary sale and purchase agreement was declared valid and binding on both parties because it had fulfilled the legal requirements of the agreement. As a legal consequence, the agreement remains valid and binding on both parties. Both parties still have the obligation to complete their achievements in good faith.

Nutritional problems in preschool children in Indonesia, including in Botumoito Village, Botumoito Sub-district, Boalemo District, are a major concern in an effort to improve the quality of public health. One of the solutions offered is the utilisation of Moringa (Moringa oleifera), which is rich in nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and protein. This training activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of the community, especially mothers, in processing moringa into healthy snacks for preschool children. The training method includes an understanding of the nutritional content of moringa, moringa-based food processing techniques, as well as how to present it attractively to children. The results of this training are expected to improve the nutritional status of preschool children through better quality food intake and open economic opportunities for the community through the production and sale of moringa-based snacks. The programme is also expected to have a sustainable positive impact on improving family welfare and children's health in the area.

Employee work motivation is an important factor in increasing productivity and achieving organizational goals, which can be influenced by a pleasant work environment and a strong organizational culture. This study aims to determine the work environment and organizational culture on the work motivation of employees of PDAM Tirta Kencana, Samarinda City. This study uses a quantitative approach with an associative method. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires in the form of Google Forms to respondents who are permanent employees of PDAM Tirta Kencana, Samarinda City. The study population was 412 respondents and the sample was determined as many as 203 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using instrument testing, classical acceptance testing, multiple linear regression testing and hypothesis testing. The results of the study showed that: (i) the work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation, (ii) organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation, and (iii) both independent variables, namely the work environment and organizational culture simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee work motivation. These results indicate that companies need to create a conducive work environment and build a healthy organizational culture in order to increase employee work motivation sustainably.

Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of death among women worldwide, primarily due to late detection and diagnosis. Early and accurate prediction is essential to improve survival rates. Machine learning (ML) techniques have proven effective in supporting early diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of three different approaches: traditional ML, ensemble ML, and deep learning (DL) for early prediction of breast cancer using the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset. The methodology includes data collection, preprocessing, and the design of predictive models. Traditional ML algorithms used include Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), and Decision Tree (DT). Ensemble ML techniques comprise Random Forest (RF), XGBoost, and AdaBoost, while DL models include Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). The models were evaluated using precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy. The results indicate that XGBoost achieved the highest accuracy (0.99), with strong recall (0.98) and F1-score (0.986), outperforming all other ensemble and traditional ML methods. CNN achieved 0.99 in all evaluation metrics, slightly outperforming RNN, which attained 0.98 accuracy and 0.985 F1-score. These findings confirm that ensemble ML techniques outperform traditional models, while CNN leads among DL models. Furthermore, the proposed models demonstrated superior prediction performance compared to existing studies, particularly in minimizing false negatives, which is critical for healthcare applications.

Learning Social Sciences (IPS) in Indonesia is still dominated by conventional methods based on memorization, so students often have difficulty connecting material with real life. Various studies have proposed learning innovations, but their implementation is still limited and poorly evaluated in the context of Merdeka Belajar. This research focuses on the implementation of social studies learning innovations at SDS Islam Ulul Albab which combines the role play method, the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) type cooperative learning model, and the use of audiovisual technology through Smart TV. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of innovative methods in improving students' conceptual understanding without having to memorize. Using a qualitative approach with a field research method, data was collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results showed that the role-playing method helped students understand social studies material through hands-on experience, while the TGT model increased students' participation and learning motivation through fun academic competition. In addition, the use of audiovisuals provides a more interesting learning experience and makes it easier for students to understand abstract social studies concepts. In conclusion, this learning innovation is effective in improving students' understanding conceptually, aligns with the principles of Merdeka Belajar, and has the potential to become a learning model that can be used to improve students' understanding of social studies.
 
 

The current global economic situation is facing various complex challenges, including climate change, economic inequality, and technological revolution. The Keynesian theory, which emphasizes the active role of government in stabilizing the economy, remains relevant for designing adaptive and sustainable economic policies. This article discusses the development of Keynesian theory in addressing future challenges, focusing on green investment, equitable redistribution policies, and strengthening technological innovation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative literature study with thematic analysis of national and international scientific sources. The findings indicate that the renewal of Keynesian theory should not only aim at maintaining short-term stability but also support long-term sustainability by emphasizing the synergy between fiscal policy, technological innovation, and social justice.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penyertaan modal dan kontribusi laba Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD) PT Bank BPD DIY terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) pada periode 2020–2024. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan PT Bank BPD DIY dan laporan APBD Pemerintah Daerah DIY. Efektivitas dianalisis menggunakan Charge Performance Index (CPI) dan kontribusi laba diukur dengan membandingkan deviden yang disetor terhadap total realisasi PAD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyertaan modal yang diberikan oleh Pemerintah Daerah DIY kepada PT Bank BPD DIY efektif dalam meningkatkan laba, meskipun pertumbuhan laba tidak selalu sebanding dengan peningkatan modal. Rata-rata efektivitas kontribusi laba PT Bank BPD DIY terhadap target PAD mencapai 103,66% dan termasuk kategori sangat efektif. Namun, rata-rata kontribusi laba terhadap total PAD hanya sebesar 4,55%, yang tergolong sangat kurang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun laba BPD DIY meningkat dan target kontribusi laba tercapai, proporsi kontribusinya terhadap PAD secara keseluruhan masih rendah.

This study examines the impact of brand image, product quality, price, and lifestyle on iPhone purchasing decisions among Generation Z, specifically Dian Nuswantoro University students. Using a quantitative approach with an questionnaire survey distributed to 133 students, the data were analyzed through Partial Least Square (PLS). The results revealed that brand image, product quality, price, and lifestyle positive and significantly influence iPhone purchasing decisions. A strong brand image boosts buying interest, product quality builds confidence, price aligns with perceived benefits, and lifestyle affects preferences based on social status. The findings suggest that Apple should focus on brand image, product quality, and pricing strategies tailored to young consumers.

This study aims to examine the regulatory framework concerning Government Employees with Work Agreements (PPPK), particularly in Functional Expert Positions in Indonesia and to identify how the policy implementation of PPPK in Functional Expert Positions is carried out at the Constitutional Court. The research employs an empirical method with a qualitative approach. The types of data used include both primary and secondary data: primary data was obtained through field interviews, while secondary data consists of documents, information, books, and facts sourced from official records and legislation. The findings of this study indicate that the implementation of policies related to Functional Expert Positions at the Constitutional Court still faces regulatory inconsistencies, especially in the selection mechanism, which does not fully adhere to the established rules. Additionally, competency development for PPPK employees is not supported by systematic planning, which risks creating skill gaps. This situation may lead to uncertainty in career progression and reflects that the management of PPPK still encounters several fundamental challenges in its implementation.