This research aims to analyze the comprehensive proof of deeds by unauthorized organs in bankruptcy cases and the direct responsibility of Notaries of corporate organs, making deeds made by unauthorized organs of limited liability companies as evidence in bankruptcy cases, with a case study on the bankruptcy decision of PT Gusher Tarakan. This research is presented to improve the low understanding of the formal and material validity of the Authentic Deed in the process of proof in the commercial court, which has implications for the potential for injustice and legal uncertainty. This research uses a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. The research findings reveal that the documents filed in the bankruptcy case of PT Gusher Tarakan are formally authentic deeds prepared before a Notary. However, the deeds were made by company organs that had been dismissed and no longer had legal authority. Therefore, the deeds no longer have authentic power and only have the status of deeds underhanded. The use of a Deed by an unauthorized party should not be used as a legal basis in a bankruptcy petition, and the Notary is responsible for the formal and material correctness of the contents of the Deed. This study emphasizes the importance of Notaries to verify the authority of the parties and underscores the need for caution in using authentic deeds as evidence in bankruptcy cases.
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komprehensif pembuktian akta oleh organ tidak sah dalam perkara kepailitan, dan tanggung jawab Notaris secara langsung organ perusahaan pembuat akta yang dibuat oleh organ perseroan terbatas yang tidak berwenang sebagai alat bukti dalam perkara kepailitan, dengan studi kasus pada putusan pailit PT Gusher Tarakan.  Penelitian ini hadir untuk meningkatkan rendahnya pemahaman terhadap validitas formil dan materiil akta autentik dalam proses pembuktian di pengadilan niaga, yang berimplikasi pada potensi terjadinya ketidakadilan dan ketidakpastian hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi kasus. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa dokumen-dokumen yang diajukan dalam perkara pailit PT Gusher Tarakan secara formal merupakan akta autentik yang disusun di hadapan Notaris. Namun, pembuatan akta-akta tersebut dilakukan oleh organ perusahaan yang telah diberhentikan dan tidak lagi memiliki otoritas hukum. Oleh karena itu, akta-akta tersebut tidak lagi memiliki kekuatan autentik dan hanya berstatus sebagai akta di bawah tangan. Penggunaan akta oleh pihak yang tidak berwenang seharusnya tidak dapat dijadikan dasar hukum dalam permohonan pailit, dan Notaris memiliki tanggung jawab atas kebenaran formil dan materiil isi akta. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya Notaris untuk melakukan verifikasi atas kewenangan para pihak dan menggarisbawahi perlunya kehati-hatian dalam menggunakan akta autentik sebagai alat bukti dalam perkara kepailitan.

Copyright of songs or music has proven to be able to open up almost limitless financial opportunities. It is difficult to determine how much a song is used for commercial purposes by parties other than the original creator. A major challenge in the music industry is the fair and transparent distribution of copyright royalties for songs. To address this issue, it is important to explore international best practices and case studies that reveal successful royalty distribution models and technology-based solutions for accurate tracking and payment. Important aspects of a fair and transparent royalty distribution model include transparency in revenue sharing, fair allocation based on popularity and usage of songs, and simplification of the royalty collection process through technology. The research method used is normative legal research. This research is prescriptive and applied. The method of collecting legal materials is by means of literature study and the legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the implementation of Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright and Government Regulation Number 56 of 2021. This study also identifies the legal, technical, and social challenges faced in protecting the rights of songwriters and ensuring fair royalty payments.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of trademark registration and the inhibiting factors faced by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Wonogiri Regency, as well as to present solutions to overcome these challenges. This legal research is an empirical legal study that is descriptive. The research approach used is a socio-legal approach. The types and sources of legal materials used consist of primary and secondary legal materials. The legal materials are collected through document analysis and interviews. The analysis of legal materials is qualitative with a descriptive analytical method. Based on the research findings, it can be observed that trademark registration for MSMEs in Wonogiri Regency has not been well-implemented. Despite some awareness among MSMEs in this area regarding the importance of trademark registration, there are still obstacles in trademark registration and understanding intellectual property. Factors such as lack of knowledge about trademark registration, low legal awareness, complex registration procedures, and insufficient information about available facilities affect the implementation of trademark registration in this area. To address these challenges, there is a need for increased knowledge and education about trademark registration for MSMEs in Wonogiri Regency. Additionally, providing accessible information and facilities will help improve the implementation of trademark registration so that MSMEs can better understand the benefits and processes of trademark registration effectively

The advancement of technology has brought significant changes in the banking sector, posing new challenges related to the protection of customers' personal data. Data breaches can harm customers and undermine public trust in financial institutions. To address disputes related to data breaches, the Financial Services Sector Alternative Dispute Resolution Institution (LAPS SJK) becomes a relevant choice. This study uses a normative legal approach to analyze the legal framework and dispute resolution procedures applied by LAPS SJK. The results show that LAPS SJK prioritizes the principles of accessibility, independence, fairness, efficiency, and effectiveness in dispute resolution. The methods of dispute resolution offered include mediation, arbitration, and binding opinions. Through LAPS SJK, customers can obtain fair, fast, and affordable dispute resolution without having to go through conventional judicial processes. Therefore, LAPS SJK plays a crucial role in protecting customers' rights and maintaining public trust in the banking sector.