This research aims to describe the types of code switching that occur in English language learning at MA Al Fatah Kota Mulya in four meetings. This type of research is descriptive-qualitative research. The subjects of this research were the eleventh-grade students. The object of this research is a speech on the use of code switching, which includes the types of code switching in English language learning at MA Al Fatah Kota Mulya. The results of the research show that there are 8 types of code switching in English language learning at MA Al Fatah Kota Mulya. Furthermore, all data is divided into 3 types of code switching: (1) intra-sentential switching occurred in 1 data (12,5%), (2) inter-sentential switching occurred in 3 data (37,5%), and (3) tag switching occurred in 4 data (50%). So, the most dominant type of code switching is tag switching.

Higher education must adapt its educational practices to ICT, which is now developed rapidly. There are many different approaches, and constructivism-based e-module development is an alternative. This research used the R&D method by adapting the ADDIE development model, which aimed to produce constructivism-based e-module products that meet the criteria of being valid, effective, and practical for use in the learning process. The e-module developed was validated using an expert validation questionnaire filled out by two expert validators, with a result of 4.32, which was included in the valid category. The effectiveness of the e-module was obtained by 100% of students achieving learning completeness scores and increasing learning outcomes based on a normalized gain analysis of 0.71 (high category). The results of the e-module practicality test showed positive student responses, where 86.67% of statements were included in the very strong category and 13.33% in the strong category. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the constructivism-based general biology learning e-module developed is valid, practical, and effective.
 
 

Background: Parenting relationships in the family have a very influential role in improving and changing children's behavior, especially in the level of self-disclosure. Another factor that causes or influences self-disclosure on students is the school environment. A good school environment can make children's behavior open. Likewise, if the school environment is not good, it will have an impact on the child's own behavior and make children less open. Purpose: to find out whether there is a relationship between parenting styles and the school environment with self-disclosure to students at MTS Al-Ikhlas Sukaluyu Cianjur. Type of research: This research is a quantitative study with a sample of 77 students in grades 7, 8 and 9 students of MTS Al-Ikhlas Sukaluyu who were made research respondents. The sampling technique is: simple random sampling and the design used in this study is a correlation with a cross-sectional approach. Results: Found the results of univariate analysis of parenting parents with a good category of 51 (67.1%) and school environment with a good category of 51 (67.1%), self-disclosure in students with a good category of 45 (59.2%) %). The results of multivariate analysis on parenting parents obtained a sign value. 0.782 > 0.05 and a correlation value of 0.32 means that there is no relationship between parenting style and self-disclosure. Then for the school environment and self-disclosure there is a Sign value. 0.052 > 0.05 and a correlation value of 0.224 means that there is no relationship between the school environment and self-disclosure.

Samarinda City is one of the cities located in East Kalimantan Province and is often found to have cases of Domestic Violence. The implementation of Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence should be a solution to participate in preventing and overcoming acts of Domestic Violence as a law enforcement effort. However, in its implementation it turns out that there are still cases of Domestic Violence. The research approach used in this research is a Social Legal Research approach which aims to examine two main points of discussion, first to examine the handling of victims of Domestic Violence in Samarinda City. Second, to examine the role of the Perempuan Academy program in empowering community groups for Family Welfare Empowerment to prevent Domestic Violence in Samarinda City. The results of the research show that the handling of Domestic Violence in the City of Samarinda is provided both repressively and preventively, not only to deal with it after it occurs and is experienced by the victim, but also to participate in preventing it before the crime occurs in order to reduce cases of Domestic Violence in the City Samarinda and the Women's Academy program is considered sufficient to help the Family Welfare Empowerment group in Karang Anyar Village, Samarinda City to prevent Domestic Violence.

Financial literacy is one of the important skills that must be possessed by individuals, especially students, based on situations that require the ability to manage their personal finances. This research uses a qualitative approach with a focus on semi-structured interviews to gather information. The research participants were 12 students with different ages, genders, universities, study programs and faculties. The results of the analysis from interviews showed that students who live in boarding houses or with their parents can apply financial literacy for financial management, even without realizing it. However, financial literacy is more applied to students who live in boarding houses.

Kanker hati merupakan jenis kanker yang menempati urutan ketiga yang menyebabkan kematian terbanyak di dunia dan sulit disembuhkan. Tidak sedikit tindakan berkelanjutan yang harus dijalani oleh penderita kanker hati untuk bertahan hidup. Sehingga bukan hanya fisik yang terkena dampak namun secara psikologis dan spiritual juga trauma. Oleh karena itu klien dengan kanker hati membutuhkan perawatan paliatif untuk mengurangi penderitaan dan meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh intervensi self-book art therapy pada pasien paliatif kanker hati dengan masalah kecemasan. Penelitian ini berlangsung 7 hari menggunakan metode studi kasus yang terdiri dari kajian kebutuhan dan intervensi diberikan buku self-book art therapy untuk diisi dan kemudian nantinya buku yang telah diisi dievaluasi secara verbal (tanya pada pasien) dan juga visual (hasil tulisan atau gambar dalam buku). Hasil pengisian dan konfirmasi buku jurnal yang telah diisi ditemukan beberapa data yang sebelumnya tidak dapat tergali dalam pengkajian, selain itu juga hasil akhir menunjukkan adanya penurunan tingkat kecemasan yang dialami oleh pasien yang diungkapkan secara verbal dan tulisan dalam self-book art therapy setelah dilakukan intervensi. Kesimpulannya, self-book art therapy berpengaruh positif pada pasien untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan dan juga dapat menjadi media untuk menggali lebih dalam terkait isi pikiran, perasaan, dan emosi pasien.

 
Pancasila, as the basis of the Republic of Indonesia, has a very important role in shaping the identity and character of the nation. However, challenges arise in deeply implementing the values ??of Pancasila, especially among high school students. This study aims to identify challenges in realizing Pancasila as an entity and identity of the Indonesian nation, as well as seeing how the profile of Pancasila students is reflected in 21st century education at SMA N 2 Medan. The research methods used were participant observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results of the study show that understanding and appreciation of Pancasila values ??among SMA N 2 Medan students is still limited, with the lack of relevance of Pancasila values ??in the context of students' daily lives being one of the main challenges. This research provides a deeper understanding of the role of Pancasila in 21st century education and provides a basis for developing more effective learning strategies to raise the profile of Pancasila students in the future.
 
 
 

Perawat merupakan garda terdepan dalam tatanan pelayanan kesehatan yang berperan memberikan pelayanan berkualitas terhadap kepuasan pasien. Kemampuan empati dibutuhkan untuk mengembangkan hubungan yang baik antara perawat dan pasien. Kemampuan empati mulai dikembangkan sejak mahasiswa menempuh pendidikan keperawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan empati mahasiswa Profesi Ners Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran. Penelitian berjenis deskriptif kuantitatif, dilakukan kepada mahasiswa Profesi Ners angkatan 41 dan 42 (N=212) dengan teknik penarikan sampel total sampling. Peneliti menggunakan platform online untuk menyebarluaskan kuesioner Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy - Nursing Student Version versi bahasa Indonesia yang telah diuji validitas dan reabilitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa Profesi Ners memiliki skor empati yang tinggi, dengan skor rata-rata 108,85 (SD = 13,17). Sebagian besar 59.44% mahasiswa menunjukkan kemampuan empati yang tinggi; sebagian besar peserta memperoleh nilai yang tinggi untuk komponen empati perspective-taking (52,36%), compassionate care (61,32%), dan standing in the patients' shoes (54,26%). Mengembangkan program pendidikan dapat merangsang kemampuan empati di kalangan mahasiswa keperawatan merupakan suatu hal yang wajib. Salah satunya melalui metode pembelajaran dengan simulasi caring dan empati.

Condensate water is typically generated as a by-product during the use of steam as a medium for heat transfer. In order to optimize the transfer area, the chemical industry often employs heat exchangers, such as the plate heat exchanger (PHE), which provides flexibility in adjusting the space area for heat transfer. This case study examines the optimization of plate geometry dimensions to enhance the heat transfer process of PHE equipment design. The optimization process involves mathematical equations and a literature review of the design of this type of heat exchanger. Improving the dimensional aspect of the plate geometry results in an increase in the overall heat transfer coefficient (U) and a reduction in the number of design requirements used. The study's estimation results suggest that the PHE design has a limitation on plate dimensions, which should be less than 0.3×0.6 m. Additionally, it is important to consider the pressure drop value, which should not exceed 29.07 kPa. A review of the chemical industry field provided estimated options for plate size and quantity, both of which support the optimization of heat transfer rate and design constraint thresholds. The implementation of the design has been found to enhance the performance of the planning process for recovering steam condensate water.