This paper focuses on the legal thought of Imam Malik bin Anas through a social historical approach. This study represents a relatively new area in Islamic legal scholarship, and therefore, it has garnered limited attention from academics. Imam Malik is one of the four imams of the Sunni schools of thought, known as ahlu hadits. Throughout his life, he never left the city of Madinah except for the pilgrimage to Mecca. His residence in Madinah, the place where the Prophet lived, greatly supported his ability to address various legal issues, most of which could be resolved through hadith. The environment of Madinah, characterized by relatively simple social problems, also influenced Imam Malik's approach. Although he is recognized as ahlu hadits, he was nonetheless affected by the use of reason in ijtihad due to the social conditions of his time. This is evidenced by his application of principles such as the practices of the people of Madinah (Amal ahli Madinah), the fatwas of the companions (sahabat), qiyas (analogical reasoning), al-maslahah mursalah (public interest), az-zari'ah (preventive measures), and al-'urf (custom) in deriving Islamic law. Like other schools of thought, Imam Malik regarded the Qur'an and hadith as primary sources in legal decision-making.

This study examines the cultural politics affecting Indonesian literature in the global literary arena. It analyses how literary politics, standardisation, implicit agendas, and validation systems impact international reception. The study investigates how global literary standards reshape Indonesian narratives to match international preferences, often at the expense of cultural authenticity. In addition, several works by some prominent Indonesian authors, including Toer, Anwar and Kurniawan are being analysed. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach with discourse analysis, interview and case studies, the research reveals three key findings: translation challenges for Indonesian literary works, limited international publication opportunities, and underrepresentation in global literary awards and criticism. Based on these findings, the study advocates for more inclusive literary practices to enhance Indonesian literature’s global visibility while preserving its cultural integrity.

This study explores the thoughts of Zaid bin Ali on credit transactions within the framework of economic justice in Islam. The research addresses key issues related to fairness, transparency, and ethical considerations in credit transactions, particularly in avoiding exploitation and ensuring mutual benefit. The study aims to analyze Zaid bin Ali’s perspectives on economic justice and their relevance to contemporary Islamic finance. Using a qualitative approach, this research employs library research methods by examining classical Islamic texts and scholarly interpretations. The findings reveal that Zaid bin Ali emphasized fairness in credit transactions by advocating for clear contractual terms, the prohibition of usury (riba), and the importance of ethical responsibility among transacting parties. His views align with the broader Islamic economic principles that seek to promote justice, balance, and social welfare. The study contributes to the discourse on Islamic economic thought by highlighting the relevance of classical Islamic perspectives in addressing modern financial issues. These findings can serve as a foundation for developing fairer and more ethical financial practices in contemporary Islamic banking and finance.

Market monopoly is an economic phenomenon that can have an impact on business competition and public welfare. In Islam, monopoly has certain limitations in accordance with the principles of justice and social welfare. This study aims to analyze Ahmad bin Hanbal's thoughts on market monopoly and examine contemporary cases in Indonesia, namely the 2023 cooking oil monopoly. Using qualitative research methods based on literature studies, this article explores Ahmad bin Hanbal's views on market mechanisms in Islam and how its principles can be applied in the context of a modern economy. The results of the study show that Ahmad bin Hanbal rejects monopolistic practices that are detrimental to society and hinder healthy business competition. A study of the cases of non-subsidized cooking oil in Indonesia shows that the monopolistic practices that occur are contrary to the values of Islamic economic justice. Therefore, stricter regulations and policies oriented towards public welfare are solutions that need to be considered by stakeholders.

This research is entitled "Actualization of the Content and Teachings of the Principles in Pancasila to Increase Unity and Oneness in National and State Life". This study aims to analyze the problems that arise in the process of actualizing Pancasila values, especially in the context of unity amidst social diversity. Identification of problems includes low public understanding of Pancasila, minimal participation in social activities, and social injustice that hinders harmony. This study uses a qualitative approach by collecting data through literature studies and interviews. The results of the study indicate that a shallow understanding of Pancasila often causes people to emphasize differences rather than similarities, thus increasing the potential for division. In addition, the rampant inaccurate information on social media worsens the situation. This study recommends the need to increase education and socialization regarding Pancasila, as well as the development of more inclusive policies to encourage active public participation. With this, it is hoped that Pancasila can be actualized as a guideline for life that strengthens the unity of the Indonesian nation, in accordance with the spirit of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika.

This research develops a prototype of an automatic watering device based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and a soil moisture sensor to improve the efficiency of watering crops in agricultural fields. The main problem addressed is the consistency and efficiency of watering in large agricultural fields, where traditional management is prone to human error and inefficient water use. The developed prototype uses an ESP8266 microcontroller (NodeMCU) as the brain of the system connected to a Wi-Fi network, allowing remote monitoring and control via the Blynk application. A soil moisture sensor is used to detect soil conditions in real-time, triggering watering only when needed. This helps optimize water use and increase agricultural productivity sustainably. This research outlines the methodological steps from design, manufacturing, to implementation of the prototype in the field. Evaluation of the results shows that the system successfully regulates watering effectively based on soil conditions, with positive responses from farmers as end users.

Stunting is a public health problem caused by chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections, especially in toddlers. This study aims to analyze the relationship between giving additional blood supplements (TTD) during pregnancy and the incidence of Stunting in toddlers at the District Health Center, Tasikmalaya West Java. The research used a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach on 133 respondents from pregnant women and toddlers aged 24–35 months. The research results showed that 52.6% of toddlers experienced Stunting, while 72.2% of mothers did not comply with taking TTD during pregnancy. Data analysis using the Chi-Square test did not find a significant relationship between adherence to TTD consumption and the incidence of Stunting (p-value = 0.568). This study emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach in dealing with Stunting, including nutritional education, pregnancy monitoring, and increasing awareness of the importance of consuming TTD.

Tomato (lycopersicum esculentum Mill) are a source of vitamins and minerals and have health benefits such as maintaining heart health. The denabd for tomatoes in indonesia continues to increase so it is necessary to take action to increase production by utilizing Fungi Mycorrhizal Arbuscular and manure. FMA is a fungus associated with plants where FMA binds nutrients in the soil. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of gungus mycorrhizal arbuscular and manure. This research was carried out in july – september 2023 in Siderejo village, Langsa Lama District, Langsa City. The research used a 2 factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 3 replications. The first factor is the FMA dose, namely: F0 : 0 gr/plot, F1 : 20 gr/plot, F2 : 40 gr/plot, F3 : 60 gr/plot. The second factor is the dose of fertilizer P1 : 2,08 kg/plot, P2 : 5,6 kg/plot, P3 : 8,4 kg/plot. Date were analyzed using variance (F test) at the 5% and 1% levels. If the treatment has a real effect, continue with the BNJ test at the 5% level.

This study aims to explore the importance of learning media in increasing students' interest and motivation to learn at SDN Pasirbatang. The method used is descriptive qualitative with semi-structured interviews as the main instrument. The results show that varied, creative, and innovative learning media, such as videos, interactive apps, and other aids, can significantly increase students' interest and motivation to learn. Teachers at SDN Pasirbatang implement technology-based learning strategies and methods such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Cooperative Learning to create an interesting and relevant learning atmosphere. However, limited facilities, technology constraints and senior teachers' lack of skills in using technology are the main challenges. Solutions implemented include individualized approaches, learning media innovation, and student empowerment in media making. Based on the questionnaire results, 82% of students supported the use of learning media, showing the effectiveness of visual and interactive media in improving students' understanding and participation. This research confirms the importance of the role of teachers in utilizing learning media to create more meaningful, effective, and efficient learning, so as to improve the quality of education in primary schools, especially in areas with limited facilities.

Critical thinking skills are the basis for analyzing arguments and can develop logical thought patterns and mental activities in terms of solving problems that analyze assumptions, make decisions, and collaborate globally 4C (Critical Thinking, Creativity, Communication, & Collaborative). Very important skills that must be possessed by high school students. This study aims to determine the extent of the influence of self-efficacy, learning motivation, and student involvement on critical thinking skills in the economics subject of SMAN 01 Banjarharjo. This type of research is a quantitative approach research. Causality design. The population in this study were all students of SMAN 01 Banjarharjo majoring in social studies totaling 179 and science totaling 175 and a total of 354 students. Determination of the sample using the Slovin formula with a sample size of 123 respondents. The sampling technique in this study used a random sampling technique. The results showed that self-efficacy and learning motivation had a positive and significant effect on critical thinking skills, while student involvement in learning did not affect critical thinking skills, there was a positive and significant influence of self-efficacy, learning motivation, and student involvement on critical thinking skills. This study concludes that self-efficacy and learning motivation have a positive and significant direct effect on critical thinking skills and student involvement in learning does not have a direct effect on critical thinking skills, self-efficacy, learning motivation and student involvement have a positive and significant direct effect on critical thinking skills. The researcher suggests that students are expected to be able to improve their self-efficacy, learning motivation, and student involvement in critical thinking skills in the economic learning process and students' critical thinking skills, namely students are active in finding problems and solving.