The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in decision-making processes has raised significant concerns regarding algorithmic bias and legal accountability. This study examines the regulatory challenges and enforcement gaps in addressing AI bias, with a particular focus on Indonesia’s legal landscape. Through a comparative analysis of AI governance frameworks in the European Union, the United States, China, and Indonesia, this research identifies key deficiencies in Indonesia’s regulatory approach. Unlike the EU’s AI Act, which incorporates risk-based classification and strict compliance measures, Indonesia lacks a dedicated AI legal framework, leading to limited enforcement mechanisms and unclear liability provisions.The findings highlight that transparency mandates alone are insufficient in mitigating algorithmic discrimination, as weak enforcement structures hinder effective regulatory oversight. Furthermore, the study challenges the notion that global AI regulatory harmonization is universally applicable, emphasizing the need for a context-sensitive hybrid model tailored to Indonesia’s socio-legal environment. The research suggests that Indonesia must adopt a comprehensive AI legal framework, strengthen regulatory institutions, and promote interdisciplinary collaboration between legal experts and AI developers. Future research should focus on empirical case studies, the development of context-specific AI accountability models, and the role of public engagement in AI bias mitigation. These efforts will be essential in shaping effective AI governance strategies that ensure fairness, transparency, and accountability in Indonesia’s digital transformation.

Poromas are benign neoplasms composed of epithelial cells that show tubular differentiation, which arises from the intraepidermal part of the eccrine of the sweat glands. This lesion can resemble melanoma or non melanoma.1,2 Case description We reported a case of eccrine poroma in a man, Mr. ES, 50 years old, with complaints of a lump in the head of the temporal region of the region. On macroscopic examination, a blackish-brown scalp tissue size 2x1x0.5 was received, the surface was uneven, the consistency was springy. Microscopic examination of squamous epithelial coating with round, oval, monotone, smooth chromatin, eosinophilic cytoplasm appear. In the sub-epithelium, there is a mass of tumors consisting of proliferative eccrine glands, in groups forming islands, with cuboidal coatings, with round, oval, monotonous nuclei, fine chromatin, eosinophilic cytoplasm. The stroma consists of fibrous connective tissue and blood vessels. The sebaceous glands, hair follicles and infiltration of lymphocyte cells appear. Discussion and conclusions: Based on the results of histopathological examination, it can be concluded as eccrine poroma. In this case electrosurgery is performed, removal with the help of a carbon dioxide laser, or excision surgery can be performed.

The term "cloud computing" refers to the delivery of numerous services via the Internet. Because of providers that provide cloud services, users can store files and media on faraway servers and subsequently access the items online. Due to the lack of location requirements, this enables anyone to watch them remotely. This design is currently beginning to be implemented in the sphere of education, particularly in universities. In order to determine the factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing in education, previous academics have employed the technology adoption theory, which is discussed in this study. The purpose of this study, which is a systematic literature review, is to identify and assess knowledge gaps about the factors impacting the adoption of cloud computing in education. To fill in any gaps and add to the body of knowledge already in existence, this study will therefore enhance the information by offering a complete examination of the material that is already available.

The development of early childhood social-emotional intelligence is an important aspect in the formation of character and social adaptability of children. This community service activity aims to enhance the understanding and competence of teachers and prospective PAUD educators through a national seminar that focuses on their strategic role in supporting children's social-emotional development. The implementation method is an interactive seminar involving expert speakers, group discussions, and practical case studies. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge of the concept of social emotional intelligence, effective learning techniques, and strategies for managing children's emotions and positive social interactions. In addition, this seminar succeeded in encouraging teachers and prospective educators to apply a more empathetic and responsive learning approach to the emotional needs of early childhood. This activity makes a significant contribution to strengthening the role of educators as primary facilitators in the development of children's social-emotional intelligence, which ultimately supports the creation of a conducive and inclusive learning environment.

The progress of a country can be supported by the quality of its human resources. The use of Science and Technology (IPTEK) continues to expand along with the development of the times, thus providing implications for the development of education. The progress of technology and science are two things that greatly influence the development of a country. The use of Science and Technology (IPTEK) in education has become the main focus in improving the quality of learning and teaching effectiveness. This study aims to increase readers' insight into the importance of improving the quality of human resources by improving education in Indonesia, one of which is through the development of an education curriculum based on science and technology. This study uses qualitative research with a literature study type. The results of this study include (1) The Foundation of Science and Technology (2) The Development and Sustainability of Science and Technology (3) The Impact and Influence of Science and Technology (4) Utilization of Technology (5) Utilization of Science and Technology (6) The Role of Technology in Education (7) The Importance of Science and Technology.

Apperception activities have an important role in building the foundation for critical thinking in elementary school students, especially in supporting the Pancasila Student Profile. This research aims to explore the urgency of implementing well-designed apperception in encouraging students' critical thinking abilities. This research uses the library research method as the main approach for collecting and analyzing data. Library research is a qualitative research method that does not involve direct field activities, but focuses on collecting information from various written sources, both published and unpublished. The research results show that structured apperception activities can effectively increase students' active involvement, connecting previous knowledge with new concepts, and gradually forming a critical thinking pattern. This study provides valuable insight for educators in designing effective and targeted learning strategies, which emphasize the development of critical thinking skills from an early age.

A positive school environment is essential to support individual learning and growth and create effective and productive learning experiences. Good classroom management is also crucial for creating conducive conditions, removing barriers and providing facilities that support students' development according to their social, emotional and intellectual needs. This study used a qualitative method with questionnaire and interview instruments to collect descriptive data from students and teachers. The results showed that in class XII IPA, a conducive classroom atmosphere plays a big role in supporting learning, while in class XI IPS, effective classroom management is more important to create a safe and comfortable environment. Non-academic activities, such as the JB4 program, increased student engagement and improved the school environment. Overall, the collaboration between teachers, students and school programs creates an environment that supports optimal student development.
 

This research aims to explore the use of digital maps in enhancing the local geography understanding of elementary school students. (SD). Digital maps, which offer geographic information interactively and visually, have great potential in helping students understand geographic concepts related to their surroundings. The use of digital maps in local geography education in elementary schools is an increasingly popular educational innovation in Indonesia. Digital maps help students understand geography concepts and support educational principles. Local geography learning, which includes knowledge about location, distance, and the relationship between humans and nature in the surrounding area, can be better understood through the use of digital maps. This research uses the Library Research method. The results of the study show that digital maps help students more easily recognize and identify various elements of local geography, such as geographical location, topographical differences, and the distribution of natural and human resources. Additionally, the use of digital maps also increases students' motivation and engagement in learning, as the teaching materials are presented in a more interesting and interactive manner. Thus, this research concludes that the integration of digital maps in local geography learning can enrich students' learning experiences, clarify their understanding of geographical concepts, and improve the quality of geography education at the elementary school level.

This research aims to determine the influence of painting with natural materials on the development of elementary school children's creativity. Through literature studies, this research analyzes various relevant publications to identify the concept of creativity, the benefits of using natural materials in art learning, as well as the results of previous research related to this topic. The research results show that painting activities with natural materials have great potential in stimulating children's creativity through various aspects, such as critical thinking skills, imagination and self-expression. Apart from that, this activity can also improve fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and environmental awareness in children. The use of a variety of natural materials and their multisensory nature can provide a fun and meaningful learning experience for children, thereby encouraging their interest and motivation to learn.

Communication is a very important activity in life, including in the context of education. This study aims to explore the level of communication between students and teachers and its impact on the learning atmosphere. In education, effective communication between teachers and students plays a key role in forming a smooth and conducive learning process. This study shows that a two-way relationship between teachers and students can improve students' understanding of the material and learning motivation. The results of the study convey that communication barriers, such as language disparities and an unsupported learning environment, can interfere with the learning process. Therefore, it is crucial to identify these barriers in order to apply effective tactics to overcome them and improve the quality of learning. A friendly, concise, and attentive teacher communication style has been shown to create a more enjoyable and productive learning experience. This study also emphasizes the importance of shared communication that can influence students' emotions and empathy, as a result of creating a conducive and effective learning atmosphere. Overall, this study is needed to contribute theory and practice to understanding the dynamics of communication in education, and as a basis for teachers to improve the quality of communication in the learning process.