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This research is motivated by the researcher’s curiosity about discrimination and social conflict, which are the central themes in the novel Maryam by Okky Madasari. The main character in this novel, Maryam, faces an inner conflict between maintaining her personal beliefs and coping with the social pressures exerted by her community and family. The internal and external conflicts experienced by Maryam illustrate the psychological dynamics of individuals living in an intolerant environment. To understand these conflicts, this study applies Sigmund Freud's psychological approach, emphasizing the interaction among the id, ego, and superego. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, employing a literature review. The analysis reveals that while Maryam’s id drives her to uphold her freedom and personal beliefs, her superego imposes pressure through societal norms and family expectations. Meanwhile, Maryam's ego functions as a mediator, seeking a compromise, though this leads to emotional distress. These internal and external conflicts reflect the social realities faced by individuals from minority groups, which can significantly influence their life choices.

The main concern of this study is the stockholm syndrome on Belle. Considering stockholm syndrome is a psychological phenomenon, hence this study uses two theories, namely structural theory and literary psychology. The results of this study concluded that Belle's behavior revealed the individual and situational characteristic of stockholm syndrome. The presence of the stockholm syndrome in this movie harmonizes with the whole plot of Beauty and the Beast. The results of this study concluded that Belle’s behavior shows the individual and situational characteristics of stockholm syndrome. First, Belle developed indicators related to the issue of Stockholm Syndrome which are  initial fear and resistance, gradual bonding, positive feelings toward the captor, defending the captor, identifying with the captor's perspective, sacrificing for the captor, internal conflict, and emotional rescue and transformation. Second,the director portrays the issue of stockholm syndrome through characters, events, setting, and style.

"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone," a big movie released in 2001. The movie succeeded J.K. Rowling's fantasy novel of the same name. The film shows different characters and different characters. This study examines this description of personality through the lens of the Big Five personality model (OCEAN: Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism). By examining how the characters interact and behave, this study aims to identify the ways in which the characters display the characteristics associated with each of the Five Five personality traits. Using a descriptive method, the analysis focuses on the dialogue and monologues of the characters, supplemented by extensive library research on personality psychology, the Big Five Personality theory, and cinematic analysis. The study found that the characters in this movie possess characteristics related to the Big Five pattern, which can be seen in their actions, speech and behavior throughout the film. The results showed that openness to experience, extraversion, and neuroticism were the most prominent traits, while conscientiousness and flexibility were less common. It is important to understand how people affect people, because it determines how people act and how they treat others. Examining the characters in this movie not only enhances the viewing experience of the film, but also enhances the value of the Big Five model for analyzing characters in various literary and film works.  

The background of this research is to analyze the character of Sukat using analysis of Sigmund Freud's literary psychology theory, the aim is to find out the causes of the character Sukat experiencing disturbances in his personality, and also to find out the alleged disturbance that occurred to the character Sukat in the performance of the Play Written Later by Bode Riswandi. The method used is a qualitative method. The technique used in this study is data collection techniques. Data collection techniques used are reading techniques and note-taking techniques. From this analysis it is concluded that the character Sukat has a feeling of revenge from a dark past, the reason Sukat did the heinous thing to Dahlia was because of what happened at that time. Sukat's younger sister was sold by her father as a gambling bet and many of her gambling friends felt that her younger sister had committed suicide before leaving school. It was this feeling of revenge that made Sukat dark and his eyes darkened and he thought that every girl should feel what her sister had experienced.

This research analyzes the novel "Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck" by Hamka using a literary psychology approach, specifically using the personality structure according to Sigmund Freud, namely Id, Ego and Superego. The research method used is an explanatory qualitative approach using data from the novel. Data collection techniques were carried out through skimming and notation to quote quotes that were relevant to the characters and conflicts in the novel. Content and discourse analysis is used to identify the main themes, conflicts and character development in the novel. The results of the analysis show the psychological conflict experienced by the main character, Zainuddin, in his interactions with his environment, as well as a deep inner conflict due to love that does not reach Hayati. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of the characters and dynamics in the novel. Thus, this research can contribute to further understanding of literary and psychological works, as well as their relevance in understanding the human condition in everyday life.  

This research analyzes the novel "Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck" by Hamka using a literary psychology approach, specifically using the personality structure according to Sigmund Freud, namely Id, Ego and Superego. The research method used is an explanatory qualitative approach using data from the novel. Data collection techniques were carried out through skimming and notation to quote quotes that were relevant to the characters and conflicts in the novel. Content and discourse analysis is used to identify the main themes, conflicts and character development in the novel. The results of the analysis show the psychological conflict experienced by the main character, Zainuddin, in his interactions with his environment, as well as a deep inner conflict due to love that does not reach Hayati. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of the characters and dynamics in the novel. Thus, this research can contribute to further understanding of literary and psychological works, as well as their relevance in understanding the human condition in everyday life.

Literature is the author's means of expressing ideas and ideas. Literary works are usually created from the author's experiences or other people's stories (Musliah, Halimah, & Mustika, 2019). It can be concluded that literary works and humans have an inseparable relationship because literature is a reflection of human life which includes thoughts, feelings, attitudes, behavior, knowledge, responses and human imagination (Safitri, 2014). The ego, as a controller, functions to balance identity needs with the realities of the external world, often through coping and adjustment mechanisms. This drama is included in the type of tragedy drama because it shows the character in a sad or gloomy state, which usually occurs because the character is in a serious situation and is not beneficial to the character.

This article aims to understand the impact of gadget use on  childhood as well as implement  solutions on the impact of gadget use on  childhood. This gadget is a medium  used as a  modern communication tool. Gadgets make human communication easier. Today, communication has become more advanced with the advent of gadgets. Among them, 4,444 are smartphones such as iPhones, Androids and laptops. In preschool psychology, development refers to children from 0 to 6 years old. The research method used is literary research. Results show that amenities impact  social development in young children. Excessive use of gadgets harms children's social and emotional development. Harmful effects of electronic device use on children include isolation, sleep disturbances, loneliness, violent behavior, reduced creativity and threats of cyberbullying. Solution to device use in  childhood by limiting device use, supervising children's screen time with parents who play a crucial role, and providing a schedule timely  when children play with devices, so that devices do not hinder young children's social development.

The research aims to find out what the emotional state of teenagers in novels is by using the theory of literary psychology according to David krech's book of emotional classification. It identifies the underlying emotions, the emotions associated with sensory stimulation, emotions related to self-assessment and emotions connected with others. This research method employs qualitative methods using descriptions, dialogues and characters that relate to the emotional reactions of characters. The results of analysis show that the novel's emotional main character has such basic emotions as happiness, anger, fear and sadness in various situations. This study provides insight into how the emotional condition of the novel can be perceived by the theory of David krech. This study may be a reference to further research on emotional states in literature.

This study aims to describe the self-defense mechanism taken from Sigmund Freud’s theory used by the main character in the literary work of the novel entitled Rain by Tere Liye. The problems studied are how the female main character in the novel faces the problems of her life and what forms of self-defense are used when the main character faces problems. The approach taken from this research uses a qualitative approach that focuses on the main character with the research method used, namely using a literary psychology approach. The results obtained show that the main female character in the novel uses forms of self-defense mechanisms in dealing with the problems of her life.

In recent years, there has been an alarming increase in crime cases in Indonesia, sometimes linked to psychiatric symptoms. Psychosis is a form of mental disorder characterized by a lack of personal organization and integration, an inability to take moral responsibility, and frequent conflicts with social norms and laws due to illness.mental, created by your own imagination.This study aims to describe the phenomenon of psychopathic behavior in Jealoucy's novel Heartbeat  using a literary psychology approach, specifically using Sigmund Freud's theory of psychopathic personality disorder.Basically, literary psychology deals with the psychology of fictional characters in literary works. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative descriptive technique. Based on the results of several studies, it can be seen that (1) the psychopathic behavior of the characters in Jealoucy's novel Heartbeat  is known to be based on specific behavioral characteristics of psychopaths, specifically, their penchant for manipulation and action. aggressive, brutal behavior, without remorse or guilt, capable of recognizing forms of psychopathic behavior  divided into 3 types: mild, moderate and severe. (2) The factors that cause the characters in the novel Heartbeat to have psychopathic behaviorare genetic factors and environmental factors.

In recent years, there has been an alarming increase in crime cases in Indonesia, sometimes linked to psychiatric symptoms. Psychosis is a form of mental disorder characterized by a lack of personal organization and integration, an inability to take moral responsibility, and frequent conflicts with social norms and laws due to illness.mental, created by your own imagination.This study aims to describe the phenomenon of psychopathic behavior in Jealoucy's novel Heartbeat  using a literary psychology approach, specifically using Sigmund Freud's theory of psychopathic personality disorder.Basically, literary psychology deals with the psychology of fictional characters in literary works. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative descriptive technique. Based on the results of several studies, it can be seen that (1) the psychopathic behavior of the characters in Jealoucy's novel Heartbeat  is known to be based on specific behavioral characteristics of psychopaths, specifically, their penchant for manipulation and action. aggressive, brutal behavior, without remorse or guilt, capable of recognizing forms of psychopathic behavior  divided into 3 types: mild, moderate and severe. (2) The factors that cause the characters in the novel Heartbeat to have psychopathic behaviorare genetic factors and environmental factors.

The purpose of this study is to describe the ego defense mechanism in the character Cakrawala in the novel Not Me by Caaay using the study of Sigmund Freud. This research method uses qualitative research methods. The data collection technique used in this study is a literature study. The method used uses the approach of Literary Psychology. The findings obtained show that the Cakrawala character has an ego defense mechanism in the form of repression, denial, reaction formation, rationalization and fantasy and streotype.

Layla's Majnun by Sheikh Nizami was one of the classics. This book is interesting because it describes the poignant and tragic love story between qays and layla. The study aims to quantify the results of the main character's personality analysis (qays) in literature. The problem that was raised was how qays was in layla majnun's novel. The methods used approach literary psychology. Results have shown that the novel contains a number of relevant psychological aspects to analyze on male figures (qays), such as id, ego, superego, and erotomania.

This research aims to examine the character personality experienced by the main male characters in the films Yowis Ben and Film Star syndrome using Sigmund Freud's theory. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literary psychology approach. The results of this research are First, the similarities, namely that they both use the comedy genre and discuss the world of music, the struggle of a soloist or group to achieve their dream of becoming a singer. Second, the difference in personality of the male main character is that Bayu in the film Yowis Ben has a personality that tends more towards the Id aspect. Meanwhile, Jay Adi in Film Star Syndrome has a personality that tends more towards the Ego aspect. Thus, there are differences in the psychology of the male main character in achieving his dream of becoming a singer in the films Yowis Ben and Film Star Syndrome.

Id, ego and super-ego are separate psychic structures in humans but interact with each other. This concept was formulated by Sigmund Freud. This journal discusses the id, ego and super-ego in the literary work of the novel entitled Secret Obsession by Angkai. The problem of this research is how the id, ego and super-ego influence the behavior of the main character in the novel entitled Secret Obsession by Budgeti. The method used in this research uses a literary psychology approach with Sigmud Freud's psychoanalysis theory regarding the id, ego and super-ego of the character Lolita in the novel Secret Obsession by Budgeti. The results of this research can be concluded that Lolita shows more mature ego development, is able to control the id's feelings of pleasure and interact more realistically. Additionally, Lolita's superego side shows moral evolution, such as guilt, regret, and the drive to become a better person. The factors that influence the development of Lolita's character consist of the people around her, the environment, and hurt feelings. Analysis is carried out from the beginning, middle, to the end of the story, showing significant character evolution.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the personality of Alara. The material objects used in the novel entitled "Lara Rasa" by Nureesh Vhalega. By using a literary psychology approach. The analytical method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The data obtained in this research includes all the phenomena in the novel. This phenomenon can be activities, characteristics and relationships, through critical analysis of the novel "Lara Rasa" and further analysis. This finding was obtained due to the concept of Hierarchy of Needs from Maslow. The five needs that form this hierarchy are (1) Physiological Needs, (2) Needs for Security, (3) Needs for love and Existence, (4) Needs for Appreciation, (5) The need for self-actualization. Aims to reveal personality attitudes by understanding the characters in the novel

The purpose of this research is to analyze the personality of Alara. The material objects used in the novel entitled "Lara Rasa" by Nureesh Vhalega. By using a literary psychology approach. The analytical method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The data obtained in this research includes all the phenomena in the novel. This phenomenon can be activities, characteristics and relationships, through critical analysis of the novel "Lara Rasa" and further analysis. This finding was obtained due to the concept of Hierarchy of Needs from Maslow. The five needs that form this hierarchy are (1) Physiological Needs, (2) Needs for Security, (3) Needs for love and Existence, (4) Needs for Appreciation, (5) The need for self-actualization. Aims to reveal personality attitudes by understanding the characters in the novel

Abstract: The aim of this research is to apply analysis of Sigmund Freud's theory, namely personality structure, namely Ideas, Ego, Super Ego to literary works. The work is based on the novel genre with the title El Verano by Pia Devina. This research uses a literary psychology approach with reading and analyzing analysis techniques. This research method is qualitative, based on Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The results obtained show that the idea of ​​the character Afa has a strong id, seen from the many id impulses that appear in him, such as impulses to act aggressively, avoid responsibility, attack others, express emotions directly, and avoid fear. The ego of Afa's character is quite good, seen from his ability to control his id impulses, express his emotions naturally, make realistic decisions, understand other people's feelings, build relationships with other people, and achieve satisfaction. Super Ego The character Afa has a developed superego, which can be seen from his ability to feel various kinds of moral emotions, such as feelings of guilt, regret, shame, wanting to be a better person, wanting to forgive, wanting to be a strong person, and feelings of satisfaction.

This research aims to determine the love and affection needs of the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow using the humanistic psychological theory of hierarchy of needs by Abraham Maslow. The problem formulation for the novel Perempuan Shadow by Netty Virgiantini is the research object because based on the author's observations, no researcher has analyzed this novel specifically using a literary psychology approach. The method applied in this research is qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this research are physiological needs, security needs, love and affection needs for the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow, but the needs for self-esteem and self-actualization have not been found in the character Ningrum in the novel Perempuan Shadow.