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Land cover change is one of the most critical environmental issues affecting the stability of watershed (DAS) ecosystems. This study aims to explore the existential nature of land cover through an ontological approach as a conceptual foundation for sustainable environmental management. A descriptive qualitative method was applied using literature analysis, conceptual mapping, and environmental philosophy interpretation. The results reveal that land cover change not only reflects ecological dynamics but also represents a transformation in the ontological relationship between humans and nature. Within the framework of ecological ontology, land is understood as a living entity possessing intrinsic value and existential function within the web of life. This interpretation is supported by recent studies (2015–2025) demonstrating significant links between land cover change, hydrological responses, and the decline of ecosystem service quality across Indonesia and Southeast Asia (Basuki et al., 2022; Supangat et al., 2023; Locke, 2024). Ontological awareness thus serves as a philosophical foundation for watershed management policies that are ecologically ethical, holistic, and sustainable.

Diabetes mellitus adalah penyakit gangguan metabolisme yang disebabkan oleh defisiensi sekresi insulin, kerusakan sel Beta pankreas, atau resistensi insulin sebagai akibat insulin yang tidak digunakan. DM secara progresif menyebabkan terjadinya komplikasi makrovaskuler, mikrovaskuler, dan neuropatik kronis yang mengancam jiwa. Selain berdampak pada masalah kesehatan, DM juga memiliki konsekuensi ekonomi yang besar. Biaya pengobatan meningkat khususnya apabila terjadi komplikasi jangka panjang dan pilihan pengobatan modern. Perubahan gaya hidup dapat meningkatkan kesehatan dan kualitas hidup sehingga penderita tidak mengalami komplikasi. Modifikasi gaya hidup dilakukan dengan mengurangi asupan energi, meningkatkan aktivitas fisik sebagai terapi utama untuk pasien DM yang obesitas. Penurunan berat badan dikombinasikan dengan peningkatan aktivitas dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin dan kontrol glikemik serta mencegah perkembangan DM tipe 2 terhadap risiko tinggi gangguan toleransi glukosa. Target pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan, dan kemampuan penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dalam melakukan modifikasi gaya hidup guna mencegah komplikasi diabetes. Kegiatan  ini dilakukan di layanan kesehatan praktik mandiri bidan (LKPMB) dengan melibatkan mitra dari lahan yaitu bidan dan tim kesehatan terkait dalam bentuk pemberian edukasi dan pelatihan keterampilan mengenai cara melakukan menejemen gaya hidup. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan pemahaman peserta menjadi lebih baik tentang modifikasi gaya hidup dan memiliki motivasi untuk diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari

Latar Belakang: Lahan basah merupakan ekosistem yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati, namun juga menjadi habitat yang ideal bagi berbagai vektor penyakit, terutama nyamuk. Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah salah satu penyakit yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Masyarakat Kelurahan Pebatuan sepakat bahwa jumlah nyamuk di daerah kelolaan sangat mengganggu dan kondisi got yang sangat kotor perlu ditangani. Tujuan: Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pentingnya menghindari gigitan nyamuk dan penyakit DBD Metode: Penyuluhan dan demonstrasi pembuatan spray anti nyamuk berbahan alami yakni kulit jeruk nipis, serai, cengkeh, dan campuran minyak zaitun. Hasil: Meningkatnya pengetahuan warga mengenai DBD perihal pemanfaatan spray anti nyamuk berbahan alami dengan adanya peningkatan sebesar 31,4 poin. Dan warga aktif melakukan pencegahan DBD dengan membersihkan lingkungan sekitar, penyuluhan yang dilakukan memperoleh respon positif dari masyarakat Kesimpulan: Pada kegiatan pengabdian ini efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pencegahan DBD melalui pemanfaatan spray anti nyamuk berbahan alami serta menjaga kebersihan lingkungan sebagai upaya berkelanjutan dalam mengurangi risiko penyebaran penyakit

Pancur Batu District, as one of the areas in Deli Serdang Regency, is experiencing the dynamics of regional development and pressure on land. The total area of ​​Pancur Batu District in Deli Serdang Regency is 122.53 km2. Information on the current land use conditions is essential to support spatial planning and sustainable development policy making. This study aims to identify, map, and analyze the distribution of Sustainable development. This study aims to identify, map and analyze the distribution of land use in Pancur Batu sub-district by utilizing remote sensing technology. The method used is visual interpretation and on-screen digitization using high-resolution satellite imagery from Google Earth in 2024. Land use classification is divided into several main classes, such as settlements, open land and road networks. The main result of this study is a land use map of Pancur Batu sub-district with a 1: 63,360 map that presents a special distribution of each land use class. From the results of the map analysis, it is known that land use is dominated by open land. Meanwhile, identified residential areas are growing rapidly along the main road network. The resulting map can be accurate and up-to-date basic data for the Deli Serdang district government for monitoring, evaluating land suitability, and controlling space use in Pancur Batu sub-district.

This study aims to improve early childhood learning activities by utilizing vacant land as a nature center at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 50 Kindergarten, Surabaya. The underlying problem is the lack of variety in early childhood learning, which tends to be limited to the classroom and the suboptimal use of the surrounding environment as a learning resource. This study used a qualitative approach with the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method, conducted in two cycles. The subjects were 15 children in Group B, characterized by active learning but limited focus on learning and environmental exploration. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data validity was tested through triangulation of sources and techniques. The results showed that children's learning activities increased significantly after the implementation of nature-center-based learning. Children became more active, enthusiastic, and were able to interact better with their environment and peers. Activities such as planting, watering, observing insects, and maintaining garden cleanliness provided meaningful and enjoyable learning experiences. In addition, the utilization of vacant land was an effective solution in creating a contextual and child-friendly learning atmosphere. The environment around the school was optimally utilized as a learning medium appropriate to the development of early childhood. This study concluded that the nature center significantly contributed to increasing children's learning activities. Therefore, this nature-based learning model can be recommended as an innovation in early childhood learning for other educational units. 

Muaro Jambi Regency is one of the main centers of smallholder oil palm plantations that plays an important role in the economy of Jambi Province through its contribution to crude palm oil (CPO) exports and tax revenues. This study aims to analyze farmer characteristics and the effects of land area (X1), plant age (X2), forest and land fire impacts (X3), labor (X4), and fertilizer use (X5) on the production of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of smallholder oil palm in Kumpeh District. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach with primary data collected through a survey of 139 respondents and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 25. The results show that the average characteristics of farmers include an age of 44 years, an average of 2 dependents, land area of 2 hectares, plant age of 10 years, high fire impact scores, labor use of 2 workers, fertilizer use of 1,120 kg, and production of 20,000 kg. The regression results indicate that land area, plant age, and fertilizer use have a significant effect on production, while labor and forest and land fires do not have a significant effect on smallholder oil palm production.

This research is entitled "Simulation of Cropping Patterns (Agroforestry with Horticulture) to Increase Land Productivity with Permaculture System", which aims to develop an effective simulation method for designing cropping patterns in increasing permaculture land productivity and providing simulation results and their practical application in land design. This research was conducted from March to July 2024, located at Jalan Magelang Km 5.6, Kutu Tegal, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta 55284. The simulation of cropping patterns was carried out using the SketchUp computational model and Andrew Marsh Simulation, and was evaluated based on aspects of the utilization of sunlight and plant growing space. Through this simulation method, the optimal combination of plants in the permaculture system was found. The simulation results were then analyzed and evaluated in the field to assess their success in increasing land productivity. Each cropping pattern shows unique characteristics in utilizing sunlight, growing space, and soil nutrients optimally, thus supporting more sustainable and productive land management.

Legal problems in the land inheritance process often arise when inherited land has been registered in the name of another party. This study aims to examine the procedure for registering inherited land that has been issued a Certificate of Ownership (SHM) on behalf of other parties, as well as the form of legal protection for heirs. The research uses a normative juridical approach with a literature study method based on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The approaches used include legislative, conceptual, analytical, and case approaches. The analysis of legal materials is carried out through grammatical, systematic interpretation, analogous construction, and legal refinement construction. The results of the study show that the registration of inherited land must be carried out by the entitled heirs, especially for land that has not been certified. Registration is carried out sporadically as a form of registration for the first time. Legal protection for heirs is obtained preventively through the land registration process, and repressively in the event of arbitrary actions from other parties or government agencies. This research emphasizes the importance of legal certainty in the process of registering inherited land and the protection of the rights of heirs so that they are not harmed by the existence of other parties' certificates. This effort is part of the fair and transparent enforcement of agrarian law in Indonesia.

This research was conducted to systematically examine scientific evidence regarding the mechanisms and synergistic impacts of PGPR and intercropping on Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and Nutrient Use Efficiency (NUE) in drylands. The method used was a systematic literature study with a search for peer-reviewed articles and strict selection of research evaluating WUE and NUE parameters in intercropped crops and crops inoculated with PGPR. The results showed that intercropping systems can increase soil water retention, improve microclimate conditions, and optimize the utilization of space and nutrients between plant species. PGPR contributes to improving plant growth through nitrogen fixation mechanisms, phosphate dissolution, phytohormone production, and strengthening tolerance to drought stress. The synergy between these two approaches enhances the plant's ability to utilize water and nutrients more efficiently, thereby implying an increase in productivity and sustainability of dryland agricultural systems. These findings emphasize the need for verification through field trials, development of adaptive local PGPR isolates, and institutional and policy support to expand the application of this technology to drylands.

Accurate paddy field area data is a crucial factor in agricultural development planning, particularly as a basis for formulating data-driven programs and policies. One of the main problems encountered at the regional level is the continued reliance on administrative data that does not fully reflect actual field conditions due to land use changes, boundary inaccuracies, and limited verification processes. This study aims to determine an appropriate method for obtaining accurate paddy field area data through the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Maros Regency. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using spatial analysis methods. The data utilized consisted of Paddy Field Base Data, National Geospatial Base Maps, high-resolution satellite imagery, and field verification data. Spatial analysis was conducted through digitization, overlay, intersect, and area calculation processes using ArcMap 10.8 software. The results indicate that GIS-based spatial analysis produces more accurate and verified paddy field area data compared to conventional administrative data. The integration of spatial data with field verification effectively minimizes measurement errors and boundary discrepancies. This method can serve as a reliable reference for providing accurate agricultural base data to support planning and policy-making in the agricultural sector.

Desa Karangrau di Kecamatan Banyumas memiliki lahan subur yang sebagian besar ditanami durian hasil persilangan lokal dan Musangking. Pertanian, terutama budidaya durian, menjadi mata pencaharian utama warga. Para petani tergabung dalam Gapoktan Sumber Makmur dan KWT Setia Tani yang berperan dalam pengelolaan hasil panen. Namun, terdapat beberapa kendala seperti keterbatasan pengetahuan teknik budidaya modern, perawatan tradisional tanpa dukungan teknologi, serta sistem irigasi yang belum optimal. KWT Setia Tani juga menghadapi tantangan dalam pengolahan produk turunan durian akibat minimnya pengetahuan diversifikasi. Padahal, durian berpotensi diolah menjadi roti, selai, tepung, hingga pemanfaatan limbah sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, teknologi, dan inovasi pengolahan, Desa Karangrau berpeluang menjadi sentra durian unggulan yang mampu meningkatkan nilai tambah dan kesejahteraan masyarakatnya.Desa Karangrau di Kecamatan Banyumas memiliki lahan subur yang sebagian besar ditanami durian hasil persilangan lokal dan Musangking. Pertanian, terutama budidaya durian, menjadi mata pencaharian utama warga. Para petani tergabung dalam Gapoktan Sumber Makmur dan KWT Setia Tani yang berperan dalam pengelolaan hasil panen. Namun, terdapat beberapa kendala seperti keterbatasan pengetahuan teknik budidaya modern, perawatan tradisional tanpa dukungan teknologi, serta sistem irigasi yang belum optimal. KWT Setia Tani juga menghadapi tantangan dalam pengolahan produk turunan durian akibat minimnya pengetahuan diversifikasi. Padahal, durian berpotensi diolah menjadi roti, selai, tepung, hingga pemanfaatan limbah sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, teknologi, dan inovasi pengolahan, Desa Karangrau berpeluang menjadi sentra durian unggulan yang mampu meningkatkan nilai tambah dan kesejahteraan masyarakatnya.

The increasing number of employees and vehicles at the Head Office of PT Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung Enim has created a growing demand for adequate parking facilities. Limited parking space tends to encourage the use of on-street parking, which may lead to traffic congestion and reduce the comfort of the office environment. This study aims to analyze parking capacity and provide optimal management recommendations. The research was conducted through a preliminary survey, literature review, collection of primary and secondary data, and descriptive analysis to determine the parking space requirements for each type of vehicle. The results show that the maximum parking duration for cars and motorcycles is 440 minutes, with peak volumes of 142 vehicles/hour for cars and 124 vehicles/hour for motorcycles at 06.00–06.59. The parking index reached 96.52% for cars and 73.33% for motorcycles. The available static capacity is 115 SRP for cars and 210 SRP for motorcycles, while the ideal parking space requirement is 122 SRP for cars and 151 SRP for motorcycles. In conclusion, the current parking capacity is sufficient for motorcycles but insufficient for cars. Therefore, optimization of parking patterns, such as adjusting the parking angle to 90°, is necessary to increase capacity and improve convenience for all employees.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi promosi yang diterapkan oleh Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam meningkatkan kepeminatan investasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus, menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, serta analisis data model Miles & Huberman. Untuk memperkuat temuan, digunakan kombinasi analisis SWOT dan model AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi promosi DPMPTSP berada dalam posisi strategi agresif (kuadran I SWOT) dengan pendekatan pertumbuhan selektif. Meskipun telah memanfaatkan media digital, infrastruktur, dan kemitraan strategis, terdapat sejumlah kelemahan seperti keterbatasan data lahan, rendahnya visualisasi konten promosi, serta kurangnya evaluasi efektivitas media. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan sistem informasi promosi berbasis data real-time, pengembangan konten multibahasa, serta sinergi lintas lembaga untuk meningkatkan daya saing investasi Jawa Tengah.

This research analyzes land cover changes in the Langge Sub-watershed, Tapa District, Bone Bolango Regency, over five years from 2019 to 2023. Population growth and increasing land needs are driving significant land use changes. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach with spatial analysis using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. The analysis results show significant changes in land cover, with water body areas decreasing from 28.50 ha to 21.69 ha, settlements dropping from 55.45 ha to 52.02 ha, and secondary forests experiencing a drastic decline from 462.83 ha to 319.13 ha. Meanwhile, dryland areas increased from 172.24 ha to 227.17 ha, and shrubland experienced a significant increase from 121.07 ha to 247.91 ha. The decline in secondary forest cover is a significant concern because it negatively impacts environmental quality and potentially increases the risk of disasters such as floods and erosion. This research underscores the importance of sustainable management for maintaining ecosystem function and minimizing the negative impacts of land cover change.

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat bertujuan meningkatkan pendapatan petani sawit rakyat selama masa replanting dengan metode tumpang sari, untuk mengoptimalkan lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan penyuluhan, diskusi, dan kunjungan ke kelompok tani di Desa Jaharun, Kecamatan Galang, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara. Program ini mengedukasi petani mengenai tanaman hortikultura, rempah, dan tanaman bernilai ekonomis lain yang dapat ditanam di sela kelapa sawit. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tumpang sari memberikan pendapatan tambahan. Petani memilih ubi kayu dan pisang barangan karena cocok dengan kondisi agroklimat lokal dan memiliki pasar yang stabil. Simpulan pengabdian ini meningkatkan kesadaran dan keterampilan petani dalam memanfaatkan lahan secara produktif dan berkelanjutan. Kontribusi keilmuan kegiatan ini adalah membuktikan efektivitas tumpang sari dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan lokal dan kesejahteraan petani selama replanting kelapa sawit.

This study aims to identify the causes of the conflict, analyze its impacts on natural resource management, and examine it through Karl Marx’s conflict theory. This research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with landowners, the village government,and community leaders. Secondary data were collected from official documents and related literature. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and qualitatively, referring to Karl Marx’s key concepts such as class conflict, control over the means of production, and alienation. The findings reveal that the conflict is caused by unclear land ownership status, the village government’s economic interests, lack of communication and transparency, and overlapping regulations. The impacts include hampered natural resource management and conservation, uncontrolled exploitation of resources, decreased community participation in sustainable tourism development, and potential environmental damage due to uncoordinated land use. Based on Karl Marx’s analysis, the conflict reflects class struggle between landowners as the dominant class and the village government as the managing class seeking to take over the resources. This study suggests the need for clear regulations, transparent decision-making processes, and active participation from all parties to achieve fair and sustainable natural resource management.

The community service activity conducted in Toapaya Selatan aimed to introduce an innovative planting and fertilizer applicator tool based on PVC pipes as an appropriate technology. This program was motivated by the persistence of manual farming practices that require excessive labor, time, and costs, while often resulting in uneven fertilizer distribution that reduces crop productivity. The implementation method adopted a participatory approach, consisting of preparation, counseling, demonstrations, field practice, and evaluation involving local farmers. Training sessions included hands-on practice to ensure that participants not only understood the theoretical aspects but also acquired practical skills in using and assembling the tool. The results indicate that the application of the pipe-based tool improved labor efficiency, reduced fertilization time, and enhanced the uniformity of fertilizer distribution on plantation land. These improvements were directly reflected in better crop maintenance and more sustainable use of resources. Farmers’ high enthusiasm and active participation demonstrated the success of this simple yet impactful technology transfer. Nevertheless, several challenges were encountered, including limited technical understanding among some participants, difficulties in replicating the tool independently, and restricted availability of tool-making materials in the local market. Overall, this innovation has the potential to contribute significantly to increasing local agricultural productivity. Further training, continuous mentoring, and institutional as well as financial support from the village government are strongly recommended to ensure the sustainability, scalability, and long-term adoption of this appropriate technology.

Abandoned mining sites often experience a decline in soil fertility, which impacts soil quality and agricultural sustainability. This study aims to explore the potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens in rehabilitating limestone mining lands and enhancing the growth of Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) trees grown in polybag media. Sengon was selected as a pioneer species due to its resilience in degraded soils and its ability to improve soil structure. This study used an experimental design involving eight different treatments, which included the application of manure and varying concentrations of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Evaluations were conducted on the 25th and 50th days by measuring plant growth parameters such as plant height, root length, and key soil chemical properties, including pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The results showed that the application of 15 mL of Pseudomonas fluorescens on day 50 resulted in optimal plant growth, as indicated by an increase in plant height, root length, and soil quality improvement. The application of Pseudomonas fluorescens also enhanced soil pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity, all of which contributed to the improvement of soil fertility in the limestone mining land. This study provides evidence that Pseudomonas fluorescens can play a role in the rehabilitation of abandoned mining lands and improve the growth of Sengon trees, contributing to the recovery of degraded ecosystems.

Mining, especially open-pit mining, can have an impact on the environment and biodiversity. PT Semen Baturaja's limestone mining has an impact on the environment. Therefore, reclamation is necessary to restore the disturbed environmental conditions. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of Paenibacillus polymyxa bacteria on post-limestone mining soil content and sengon plant growth in polybag media. This study uses an experimental method to observe the effect of treatment application. The treatments applied consist of three bacterial doses: 15 mL, 30 mL, and 45 mL. This study will observe sengon growth with the assistance of bacteria and manure fertilizer using polybag media. The parameters observed include soil pH, plant height, root length, as well as organic carbon (C-Organik), total nitrogen (N-Total), potential phosphorus (P Potensial), potential potassium (K Potensial), and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC).  The results of the study indicate that the application of Paenibacillus polymyxa bacteria can enhance soil nutrient content and support sengon plant growth. Soil nutrient content results show significant improvements in nutrient levels in former limestone mine soil. The best treatment was demonstrated by the 45 mL dose, which exhibited the highest increase in nutrient content.

The land of the former Pit B limestone mine of PT Semen Baturaja has failed to plant and grow dwarf plants at several locations due to low nutrient content, such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Soil PH, C-Organic, and cation exchange capacity (KTK). This condition causes the plant not to grow optimally. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of Rhizobium sp bacteria on the growth of Sengon plants (Falcataria moluccana) using polybag media on the land. The method used was an experiment with the treatment of giving Rhizobium sp in various doses. The results of the study showed that the administration of Rhizobium sp had a real effect on increasing the growth of sengon plants. Based on laboratory observations and analysis, there is a change in soil pH from slightly alkaline to neutral after treatment. The C-Organic content increased from medium to very high, while the Nitrogen content rose from medium to high. The elements of Phosphorus, Potassium, and KTK have also increased significantly and are classified as very high. The best treatment is obtained at a dose of 30 grams of Rhizobium sp, which gives optimal results on an increase in plant height and root length. These findings suggest that the application of Rhizobium sp can be an effective biotechnology alternative in post-mining land rehabilitation, particularly in improving soil fertility and forestry crop productivity. This research contributes to environmental management and the use of microorganisms in the restoration of degraded ecosystems.