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This study aims to analyze the fundamental role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in shaping the noble character of students using a qualitative approach through literature review techniques. Data were collected from various scientific sources published between 2020 and 2026 and analyzed using content analysis methods, which included stages of reduction, categorization, and conceptual synthesis. The main focus of this study is to examine how PAI teachers integrate the values of tawhid and worship into the daily behavior of students, so that religious education does not merely remain at the cognitive level but manifests in noble character. The findings indicate that PAI teachers play a strategic role as murabbi, mu’allim, and muaddib, whose success is determined by the integration of pedagogical, professional, social, personality, and spiritual competencies. Amid the dynamic challenges of the digital era, teachers are required to revitalize their roles not only as educators but also as moral exemplars (uswatun hasanah) and agents of character transformation. The synergy between teachers' competencies and consistent exemplification is the key to safeguarding the students' morality and fostering a resilient personality in the school environment.

Islamic education has a strategic role in shaping the character, morality, and spirituality of students, but it is faced with complex challenges in the era of social, cultural, and technological transformation. The low pedagogic and professional competence of some teachers, the limitations of digital literacy, the dominance of conventional learning methods, and a less contextual curriculum are significant obstacles. This service program is designed to improve the competence of madrasah teachers through participatory training approaches, intensive mentoring, and strengthening learning communities based on the concepts of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) and Professional Learning Community (PLC). Activities include initial assessments, competency workshops, the use of learning technology, weekly mentoring, and pre-test and post-test evaluations. The results showed a significant increase in pedagogic competence (28%) and mastery of technology (34%), accompanied by positive changes in motivation, innovative attitudes, and awareness of contextualization of teaching materials. However, time constraints, variations in digital literacy, and institutional support are obstacles that need to be overcome through synergy between stakeholders. These findings underscore the importance of continuous, reflective, and contextual coaching models to strengthen the role of teachers as agents of change in Islamic education.

The transformation of education in the digital era demands a strong moral foundation to ensure that technological advancement does not erode human values. Pancasila, as the ideological and ethical foundation of Indonesia, plays a crucial role in guiding educational transformation to remain rooted in national moral values. This study aims to analyze the relevance and implementation of Pancasila values in shaping the morality of Generation Z amid the digitalization of education. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through literature review, policy analysis, and observation of students’ digital behavior. The findings indicate that the internalization of Pancasila values within the digital education ecosystem contributes to strengthening character, ethical responsibility, and national awareness among Generation Z. However, key challenges include the lack of moral value integration in digital content and weak role modeling within educational environments. In conclusion, Pancasila-based educational transformation is not merely a technological innovation but a moral process that requires synergy among the government, educators, and society to create a humanistic, ethical, and civilized digital ecosystem.

This study aims to analyze the transformational leadership of President BJ Habibie during Indonesia's post–New Order political transition using a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design. The research focuses on Habibie's leadership style, reform policies, and strategic role in building the foundation of Indonesian democracy. Data were obtained through a literature review of books, journal articles, and policy documents, then analyzed using content analysis through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that Habibie demonstrated transformational leadership characterized by visionary reform, innovative policymaking, and high political morality. He initiated major reforms such as the abolition of the military's dual function, press liberalization, the first democratic election in 1999, and regional autonomy. These policies served as milestones in Indonesia's transition toward a more open and participatory political system. The study concludes that Habibie's transformational leadership played a pivotal role in shaping Indonesia's democratization process and stands as a model of adaptive political leadership in developing countries.

This study examines the views of community and traditional leaders on the practice of giving alms derived from unusual sources of income in Mojopuro Village. The tradition of giving alms in Mojopuro has strong cultural roots and social values, reflecting a blend of Islamic teachings and local wisdom. However, historically, almsgiving has sometimes come from less than halal sources, such as gambling proceeds, which were once considered commonplace due to limited religious understanding. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method, using interviews with community and traditional leaders as key informants. The results show a significant shift in how the community interprets almsgiving. Religious leaders now emphasize the importance of halal sources of income and sincere intentions in giving, while traditional leaders emphasize social values such as mutual cooperation and caring for others. This transformation reflects a shift from traditional practices to a deeper religious understanding, without diminishing the values of togetherness that are characteristic of Mojopuro. Thus, the tradition of giving alms in Mojopuro is not only a form of worship but also a means of fostering morality and social solidarity that persists amidst changing times

This study examines the transformation of the role of PPKn teachers at SMPN 17 Medan from mere educators to moral role models in the digital era. This study, which used qualitative methods through observation and interviews, uncovered insights from PPKn teacher Mrs. Dina Noviana and her students. The study revealed that teachers must navigate the complexity of the digital environment, recognizing its positive and negative impacts on students’ character development. Teachers are now tasked with not only delivering curriculum content but also acting as role models in moral behavior, especially in online interactions. The study’s findings suggest that effective moral guidance is essential, balancing curriculum delivery with instilling ethical values. Students expressed appreciation for teachers who demonstrated positive attitudes and modeled appropriate behavior in both academic and digital settings. This study underscores the importance of PPKn educators evolving with digital trends, becoming relevant moral guides who are able to prepare students for future challenges while fostering character in a rapidly changing digital landscape. This study emphasizes that the role of PPKn teachers is essential in instilling ethical values, morality, and integrity, thus shaping future community leaders. Ultimately, these findings suggest the need for educators to adapt and refine their approaches to be effective in the digital era.    

Handaka Vijjananda's Buddhist comic "Aṅgulimāla: True Repentance" depicts the repentance of a ruthless murderer who undergoes spiritual transformation after meeting Gautama Buddha. This story not only conveys Buddhist moral teachings but also reflects the social, cultural, and religious dynamics of ancient Indian society. This study aims to analyze the intrinsic and genetic structures of the Buddhist comic "Aṅgulimāla" using Lucien Goldmann's genetic structuralism approach. The method used is qualitative descriptive, with the primary data source being the comic "Aṅgulimāla." Data collection techniques were conducted through intensive reading and note-taking, while data analysis was conducted by linking the intrinsic elements of the literary work with the socio-historical context and the author's worldview. The results show that the intrinsic structure of the comic "Aṅgulimāla" includes themes of repentance, karma, loving-kindness (metta), and wisdom; strong characters and characterizations; a progressive plot; internal and external conflicts; and a time, place, and social setting that reflect 6th-century BCE Indian society. Meanwhile, its genetic structure reveals human facts such as the caste system, power relations, and social morality, as well as the author's worldview, which emphasizes Buddhist values such as compassion, self-transformation, and hope for human moral change. Thus, genetic structuralism analysis confirms that the comic Aṅgulimāla is a literary work that is not only narrative in nature but also reflects social realities and humanitarian messages relevant to modern life.

The Family Hope Program (PKH) is a social assistance program aimed at improving the quality of life of underprivileged families through access to education, healthcare, and economic welfare. This article explores the implementation of Islamic character education within PKH, focusing on rural communities in Dawuhan Village. The study aims to analyze how Islamic values such as honesty, responsibility, hard work, and solidarity are applied in the daily lives of beneficiary families (KPM). The research employs a qualitative approach with data collection techniques including interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that Islamic character education in PKH serves as an effective tool to empower underprivileged families, not only by building individual morality but also by enhancing social cohesion and economic welfare. However, challenges such as low community participation, limited infrastructure, and cultural differences remain significant barriers. Recommendations from this study include enhancing the capacity of PKH facilitators, integrating Islamic values into educational modules, and fostering collaboration with religious institutions and local governments to ensure program sustainability. Islamic character education in PKH is expected to become a strategic solution for fostering sustainable social and economic transformation in rural communities

This research examines the transformation of educational sociological thinking in Islam, with a focus on the contributions of classical scholars such as Al-Ghazali, Ibn Khaldun, and Al-Farabi. These three figures integrate education with social, moral and spiritual values, creating a holistic approach that not only emphasizes intellectual development, but also character formation. Al-Ghazali emphasized the importance of balanced education between worldly and ukhrawi knowledge, while Ibn Khaldun, through al-umran theory, viewed education as a tool to maintain social cohesion and build a just civilization. Al-Farabi, with his thoughts about the ideal society, emphasized the role of education in creating virtuous individuals. The research method used is a literature review with a qualitative-descriptive approach to analyze the relevance of these thoughts in facing contemporary educational challenges. The results show that even though they come from different historical contexts, their thoughts remain relevant, especially in responding to today's educational challenges which prioritize a balance between science, morality and spirituality. Thus, the contribution of sociological thought to education in Islam has had a significant impact on the social structure and development of Muslim education to date.