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Along with the growing public awareness of personal and environmental health, lipa sabbe products with natural colors are increasingly popular. Natural dyes are advantageous because they do not need to be imported, are safe for human health during the manufacturing process, do not pollute the environment, and are safe. Although synthetic dyes are easier to use, they are harmful to health, produce hazardous waste, pollute the environment, and are made from imported materials. This study aims to determine the types of plants that can be used as natural dyes for lipa sabbe. Qualitative methods with literature studies sourced from journals, books, or other related scientific articles are used in this research. The results showed that natural dyes in lipa sabbe became one of the Science Learning Resources with natural dyes including extracts from cocoa shell waste, coconut fiber waste, oil palm shell waste, rambutan peel waste, mangosteen peel waste, guava leaf waste, mango leaf waste and avocado leaf waste is plantation waste that can be used as a natural lipa sabbe dye. The pigments in this material produce yellow, reddish brown, gray, and black colors.   Keywords: , ,.

21st century learning has had a huge impact on students and teachers. Students must be guided to be able to think critically to overcome various kinds of problems that occur. Furthermore, teachers as education play an important role in honing problem solving skills in their students. The problem solving learning model is a learning model that directs students to solve problems in the learning process. In addition, the problem solving learning model is not fully capable of being applied by science teachers. Although, in the 2013 curriculum in Indonesia a teacher is required to be able to apply the problem solving model in conducting science learning. Not only that, the limited experience of teachers in applying variations of these learning models is still the main obstacle in learning science. So, teachers in Indonesia must have extensive experience in adopting problem solving learning models. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the problem solving learning model in learning science in Indonesia. This research is a kind of meta-analysis research. The research sample came from analyzing national and international journals published from 2010-2022. The selection of data used as samples was carried out very strictly and thoroughly. Searching for this research sample through Google Scholar, Eric, Hindawi, Sage, Springer, Proquest, IEEE, DOAJ, and Wiley. The sample selection technique is a purposive sampling technique. In this technique, the data that is used as a sample must have a relationship with the research variable. In searching for sample keywords, namely problem solving learning models in learning science (Biology, Chemistry and Physics) in various schools in Indonesia. Data analysis is descriptive statistical analysis with the OpenMEE application. Data analysis was performed by calculating effect size, standard deviation (SD), average value (mean), and N-gain. The results of this study concluded that the application of the problem solving learning model was very effective in learning science in Indonesia. This learning model is able to increase student learning outcomes with an average score of 86 students in the experimental class and 65.5 in the control class, the effect size value is 1.39 in the high category and N-Gain is 0.55.

The inclusive education program is an effort to carry out the mandate of the 1945 Constitution and eliminate discrimination in the education system in Indonesia. All children with various needs can sit and study together with other normal children in the same school. This study aims to identify forms of curriculum adaptation, especially in science subjects at SDN Gajahmungkur 02 Semarang City. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative approach with a case study method. This research was conducted in April-June 2022. The data collection technique used in this study used interviews and observation methods. The subject of the interview is a special supervising teacher at the school. Based on the results of interviews and observations, it is known that the curriculum adaptation implemented at SD N Gajahmungkur is viewed from the principles and dimensions of adaptation. The principles of attendance, participation, and achievement have been well realized in this school. In terms of the dimensions of curriculum adaptation, namely, curricular adaptation is reflected in the lesson plans accompanied by special notes and adjustment of learning indicators for children with special needs who are adapted to the 2013 curriculum, learning adaptation is reflected in the presence of a special supervisor teacher in the class even though there is only one. There is a special schedule arrangement so that Class teachers still have a significant role in implementing learning. Environmental adaptation has not been optimal because schools do not yet have accessibility for physically disabled people with wheelchairs. In terms of adjustment to science subjects, teachers have not made many adaptations or modifications for children with special needs.

In the era of globalization, the world of education has made very significant progress in all fields. All have been based on the use of information and communication technology in the teaching and learning process. Technology acts as a tool to help students and teachers in conveying information more effectively. However, students have not been able to master technology-based learning materials. So, teachers must facilitate and monitor student performance so that they can more easily and quickly master the material. The professional quality of teachers in Indonesia is still relatively low. This is because the human resources of the Indonesian people are still lagging behind compared to other countries. The quality of teachers in Indonesia needs to be improved by using a learning approach. Learning approach based on Technology Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). This TPACK approach makes it easier for teachers to master technology that is by learning content so that students are motivated and active in learning. This study aims to determine TPACK-based learning in supporting the quality of teachers in Indonesia. This research uses the type of library research. Research samples from literature studies sourced from Google Scholar and Eric Journal. The criteria for the data to be sampled are articles published in 2015-2022. The data that was used as a sample amounted to 15 articles that were following the research variables. Data analysis is qualitative data analysis. The results show that from 15 articles that have been analyzed, TPACK-based science learning is very helpful for science teachers in Indonesia. TPACK-based science learning enhances the professionalism of teachers in teaching science material. Furthermore, the TPACK approach greatly helps teachers' professional performance to be more effective and efficient in mastering technology for learning facilities

Learning is a complex process which contains several aspects. These aspects are an increase in the amount of knowledge, the ability to remember and reproduce, there is an application of knowledge, inferring meaning, interpreting and relating to reality, and a change as a person. This research is hoped that  can give contribute for schools, teachers, and students. This researcher has led a review entitled Meta-examination of the impact of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model on science subjects on student learning outcomes using the connection test technique the Team Games Tournament (TGT) Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes in Science Learning.  is a scalable method for consolidating the consequences of at least two comparable examinations to obtain a mix of quantitative information. This research plans to determine student learning outcomes in science learning after the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model is applied.  This research is uses the strategy of Meta Correlation Analysis which is an attempt to summarize various exploratory results quantitatively based on the consequences of important investigations. In this research is can find that there is an impact from the use of the learning model the fun type is Teams Games Tournament Tournament assisted by general media on student learning outcomes. Utilization of Cooperative Learning Model Types of Teams Games Tournament Assisted by Audio Visual has an impact on student learning outcomes. Likewise, TGT can also train self-confidence and all students are given the opportunity to attend classes effectively. Opening the door for students to be interested can make students more dynamic and increase their knowledge.

The results of observations on Class VII students of National Junior High School teaching and learning activities only run theoretically and are not related to the real environment where students are located. The incompleteness of student learning outcomes, one of which is the selection of learning methods that are not appropriate, learning media are less attractive and the level of student activity is low. The purpose of the study was to improve student learning outcomes through the Picture and Student Active (PASA) model with a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach to the seventh grade students of the Makassar National Junior High School. This research is classroom action research with 2 cycles, namely the stages of planning, action, observation and reflection. The data collection instrument used observation sheets and test questions. The success indicator is 85% with an acquisition score of 75. The results show that the Picture and Student Active (PASA) Model with this Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach, can improve biology learning outcomes in class VII students of Makassar National Junior High School which is marked by an increase in the category student learning outcomes from cycle I to cycle II. In the first cycle is in the category of 20 people or 50% and in the second cycle is in the high category that is 40 people or 100% and the completeness of learning outcomes in the first cycle is 20 people or 50% and the second cycle is 40 people or 100%..    

Virtual laboratories can provide real learning experiences through computer-aided simulations and activities. Virtual laboratory is rapidly developing its use in science learning because it is proven to provide significant benefits to the process and results of science learning during the pandemic. The limitations of laboratory facilities in genetics learning at the unkhair Biology Education Study program have encouraged the development of virtual practicum strategies and their use in genetic learning with modified free inquiry strategies on the topic of the structure and function of genetic material and reproduction of genetic material. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of virtual laboratories based on student perceptions of the use of virtual laboratory applications and to describe and compare these perceptions with the use of laboratory reality and relevant previous research results. There are five aspects of perception surveyed, namely innovation, motivation, effectiveness, benefits, and presentation of practical procedures. This research method uses a quasi-experimental research design for the characteristics and effectiveness of using virtual laboratories and real laboratories in the Genetics course at the Biology Education Study Program, Khairun University, Ternate on the topic of DNA isolation, chromosomes and mitosis. The results of this study indicate that: the characteristics of Blended Learning practicum in the Genetics course in 4th semester students of Biology study program are: 1) instruction-based practicum; 2) practicum based on data collection and reporting of practicum results; 3) practicum based on proof of concept. The effectiveness of the implementation of genetics practicum in laboratory reality and virtual laboratories based on the perception of student responses is more likely to choose reality laboratories than virtual laboratories. The effectiveness of the implementation of genetic practicum based on the results of the practicum report is known to be not significantly different between the results of the practicum in reality and in the virtual laboratory.