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This study aims to analyze the internal and external conditions of Karel Workshop in Wairhubing, Sikka Regency, using a SWOT approach (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) as a basis for formulating business development strategies. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through in-depth interviews with the owner, employees, and customers, as well as secondary data from documents and official statistics. The findings indicate that Karel Workshop possesses several strengths, including meticulous service quality, strong interpersonal relationships with customers, and mechanic skills acquired through self-learning. However, the workshop also faces weaknesses such as limited equipment, the absence of a structured management system, and a lack of digital promotion. Opportunities that can be utilized include high public interest in motorcycle modification, potential motorcycle painting services, a strategic location, and possible partnerships with spare-part suppliers. Meanwhile, the main threats include rising spare-part prices, competition among workshops, and occupational safety risks. Overall, the study recommends strengthening digital promotion, improving business management, enhancing workshop facilities, and implementing safety standards to support the sustainable development of Karel Workshop. 

This article explores the implementation of a Community Service Program (KKN) carried out by students from the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Unismuh Makassar with the objective of improving reading and writing skills among students at SMP Negeri 2 Galesong. The KKN activities were specifically designed to strengthen literacy development through various programs, including the cultivation of daily reading habits, the establishment of literacy corners in classrooms, and creative writing training aimed at encouraging students to express ideas in written form. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through direct observation, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of literacy activities. The results indicate a significant increase in students’ interest and motivation in reading activities, as well as more active participation during literacy sessions. In addition, students demonstrated improvement in the quality of simple written texts, particularly in terms of idea organization and expression. Overall, the implementation of the KKN program proved effective in supporting the development of a positive literacy culture and enhancing students’ basic literacy skills within the school environment.

This study aims to analyze the internal and external conditions of Karel Workshop in Wairhubing, Sikka Regency, using a SWOT approach (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) as a basis for formulating business development strategies. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through in-depth interviews with the owner, employees, and customers, as well as secondary data from documents and official statistics. The findings indicate that Karel Workshop possesses several strengths, including meticulous service quality, strong interpersonal relationships with customers, and mechanic skills acquired through self-learning. However, the workshop also faces weaknesses such as limited equipment, the absence of a structured management system, and a lack of digital promotion. Opportunities that can be utilized include high public interest in motorcycle modification, potential motorcycle painting services, a strategic location, and possible partnerships with spare-part suppliers. Meanwhile, the main threats include rising spare-part prices, competition among workshops, and occupational safety risks. Overall, the study recommends strengthening digital promotion, improving business management, enhancing workshop facilities, and implementing safety standards to support the sustainable development of Karel Workshop. 

This article explores the implementation of a Community Service Program (KKN) carried out by students from the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Unismuh Makassar with the objective of improving reading and writing skills among students at SMP Negeri 2 Galesong. The KKN activities were specifically designed to strengthen literacy development through various programs, including the cultivation of daily reading habits, the establishment of literacy corners in classrooms, and creative writing training aimed at encouraging students to express ideas in written form. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through direct observation, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of literacy activities. The results indicate a significant increase in students’ interest and motivation in reading activities, as well as more active participation during literacy sessions. In addition, students demonstrated improvement in the quality of simple written texts, particularly in terms of idea organization and expression. Overall, the implementation of the KKN program proved effective in supporting the development of a positive literacy culture and enhancing students’ basic literacy skills within the school environment.

This Community Service Program aims to enhance the understanding of parents, Madrasah Tsanawiyah students, and the community of Karangbong Village regarding the history of developmental psychology and major child development theories. The program was initiated due to the community’s limited knowledge of developmental concepts, which affects the quality of parenting practices. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, interviews, educational sessions, and discussions, the program presented essential materials covering the history of developmental psychology, Piaget’s cognitive development theory, Erikson’s psychosocial stages, and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ comprehension of developmental stages and their ability to apply appropriate parenting strategies. The program also reinforced the awareness that child development is a responsibility and divine trust that must be nurtured optimally. Overall, this activity contributes to the development of informed, adaptive, and development-oriented parenting within the community.

This Community Service Program aims to enhance the understanding of parents, Madrasah Tsanawiyah students, and the community of Karangbong Village regarding the history of developmental psychology and major child development theories. The program was initiated due to the community’s limited knowledge of developmental concepts, which affects the quality of parenting practices. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through observation, interviews, educational sessions, and discussions, the program presented essential materials covering the history of developmental psychology, Piaget’s cognitive development theory, Erikson’s psychosocial stages, and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ comprehension of developmental stages and their ability to apply appropriate parenting strategies. The program also reinforced the awareness that child development is a responsibility and divine trust that must be nurtured optimally. Overall, this activity contributes to the development of informed, adaptive, and development-oriented parenting within the community.

Cracker drying process is considered inefficient because it still depends on weather factors and manual supervision, which can affect the quality of the production results. To overcome this, a smart shrimpcrackerdryingdevicebasedonan Arduino Uno microcontroller with an automatic closing mechanism and an automatic container has been designed and built. This system is equipped with a rain sensor and an LDR sensor to detect weather conditions around the device, as well as a DHT11 sensor to monitor humidity in the cracker storage container. In addition, an ultrasonic sensor is used to automatically regulate the movement of crackers into the storage container after the drying process is complete. A DC motor controlled by a BTS7960 driver functions to move the cover roof and the cracker transfer mechanism, while a limit switch is used to limit the motor movement.Based on the test results, this device can work automatically Shrimp crackers are one of the typical food products widely produced by the people of Bunga Karang Village, Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Regency. The traditional shrimp following changes in environmental conditions, thereby increasing the efficiency of the drying process and maintaining the quality of shrimp crackers produced by the residents of Bunga Karang Village.

This study comprehensively evaluates the quality of biomass briquettes produced from blends of coconut shell charcoal and sengon sawdust, using both carbonized and non-carbonized materials. Composite briquettes were fabricated with varying compositions and characterized through proximate analysis, calorific value, density, and burning rate measurements to determine their suitability as solid fuel. The results indicate that adding non-carbonized sawdust increases volatile matter content and burning rate but reduces the calorific value of the briquettes. In contrast, incorporating up to 10% carbonized sawdust significantly improves the calorific value to 6119.2 cal/g, approaching that of pure coconut shell charcoal (6352.2 cal/g), while maintaining a relatively high burning rate. Briquettes containing carbonized sawdust also exhibit low ash content, below 3%, and moisture content under 8%, meeting standard solid fuel quality requirements. These findings demonstrate that a strategic combination of carbonized and non-carbonized materials can produce hybrid biomass briquettes with optimized thermal performance, providing a promising, sustainable, and environmentally friendly alternative fuel for domestic and industrial applications.

The increasing demand for paper has led to a shortage of wood-based raw materials, thus requiring environmentally friendly alternatives. This study aims to analyze the physical, mechanical, and morphological characteristics of paper made from cassava peels (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and oil palm fruit fibers (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) as eco-friendly paper raw materials. The research method involved pulp preparation through delignification using 3.5% HNO₃ and 3% NaOH, bleaching with 10% H₂O₂, paper sheet formation with varying compositions (A = 70:30, B = 50:50, C = 30:70, D = 10:90), followed by grammage testing and tensile strain testing. The results showed that the grammage values ranged between 96.3–99.7 g/m², while tensile strain ranged between 2.6–4.4%. The study concluded that the best composition was found in sample C (30% cassava peel : 70% palm fiber) with a grammage of 98.5 g/m² and tensile strain of 3.2%. The implication of this study is that cassava peel and palm fiber waste have the potential to serve as alternative paper raw materials that meet the quality standards of A-grade printing paper (SNI 7274:2008), while also supporting the reduction of dependence on wood.

This study discusses the implementation of the Self-Directed Learning Programme by integrating Learning Outcomes (CP), Learning Objectives (TP), and Learning Objective Processes (ATP) to enhance teaching quality and teacher professionalism. Using a library research method, this study analyses relevant scientific literature to understand the relationship between the integration of the three components of the education programme and classroom teaching practices. The research findings indicate that teachers still encounter challenges in understanding and integrating CP, TP, and ATP, particularly in planning, implementing teaching strategies, and conducting authentic assessments. However, when this integration is well executed, the teaching process becomes more purposeful, flexible and responsive to students' needs. Furthermore, integrating CP–TP–ATP has been shown to strengthen teachers' professionalism by enhancing their understanding of the curriculum, their ability to design learning activities, and their capacity to conduct competency-based assessment. This study confirms that the successful implementation of the Free Education Programme depends heavily on teachers' ability to understand the curriculum's structure and to integrate these three components consistently. Therefore, training, supporting, and developing teachers' competencies is an important requirement for the effective and sustainable implementation of the Liberal Education Programme.

Sharia economic education and access to healthcare services are critical components for community empowerment, especially in rural areas like Balapulang Wetan. The Community Service Program (PKM) implemented by STIES Putera Bangsa Tegal in collaboration with Klinik Azzahra integrates sharia economic education with free healthcare services to address the twin challenges of low sharia economic literacy and limited access to quality healthcare. This program employs training and outreach methods alongside provision of basic free health services to the community. Evaluation results indicate increased understanding of sharia economic principles, including zakat, infaq, and financial management, as well as greater utilization of free healthcare services. This holistic approach fosters economic independence and enhances the overall quality of life through improved economic welfare and health. Collaboration among educational institutions, health service providers, and local government forms the foundation for the sustainability and success of this program in creating an inclusive and equitable community empowerment ecosystem.

The phenomenon of the dual role of wives is a complex social reality amidst the patriarchal culture that is still deeply rooted in Indonesian society. In this social system, women often bear the double burden of domestic responsibilities as well as public roles, which often gives rise to gender inequality, role conflict, and psychological stress. This article aims to analyze the dual role of wives in a patriarchal culture using a gender perspective and maqasid sharia as an analytical framework. The research method used is a literature study with a qualitative-descriptive approach to various relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that patriarchal culture tends to limit access and recognition of women's roles, thus contradicting the principle of gender justice. Meanwhile, maqasid sharia emphasizes the values ​​of balance, justice, and benefit in husband-wife relations. The principles of hifz ad-din, hifz an-nafs, hifz al-aql, hifz an-nasl, and hifz al-mal provide theological legitimacy for women's social and economic roles as long as they are carried out within the framework of justice, shared responsibility, and family harmony.  

This study aimed to analyze the implementation of policies prohibiting illegal fishing practices involving the use of explosives, poisons, and electric shock devices in Sanga-Sanga District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. Although regulations and extension activities related to the prohibition have been established, illegal fishing practices continue to occur as of 2025. The findings reveal that some fishermen still use poison and electric shock due to economic reasons and the perception that these methods yield greater catches. However, such actions cause losses to other fishermen by reducing the quality of the catch and damaging the aquatic ecosystem. The community is aware of these violations but is reluctant to report them due to fear of threats from the perpetrators. Efforts by fisheries extension officers to establish community-based surveillance groups (Pokmaswas) have not been optimal due to low public participation. Collaboration between provincial fisheries supervisors and the local marine police (Polairud) has resulted in joint patrols that successfully apprehended two perpetrators of illegal fishing, yet law enforcement has not produced a deterrent effect. Moreover, the program to replace destructive fishing gear with environmentally friendly alternatives for fishermen willing to transition has not been realized due to budget constraints. Based on these findings, it is necessary to strengthen integrated surveillance, provide legal protection for whistleblowers, accelerate the implementation of sustainable fishing gear programs, and enhance public awareness of legal and ecological issues.

A community service program (PKM) entitled "Skincare Product Dispute Resolution" was successfully implemented in Ngadi Village, Mojo District, Kediri Regency, involving village cadres, youth organizations, and community members, particularly housewives as skincare consumers. This PKM aims to provide solutions to skincare product disputes through five stages: outreach, training, technology implementation, mentoring, and sustainability evaluation. The outreach program began with a presentation on halal skincare products and consumer protection against misleading promotional practices, delivered by speakers from the Sharia Research Group (SReG) and the Non-Governmental Consumer Protection Organization. This program also includes in-kind and in-cash contributions, including training to improve customer service quality, ensure raw material quality standards and production processes comply with international standards, and ensure product information transparency. In addition, a loyalty program and transportation cost incentives were provided to affected consumers. PKM partners played an active role in providing information and inviting the community to participate in this activity. The implementation of this activity is expected to strengthen consumer trust and ensure protection of consumer rights related to skincare products.

Gender inequality in terms of safety in public spaces is a crucial issue in Indonesia. This research background is driven by the high rate of violence against women, reaching 330,079 cases in 2024, and reinforced by a patriarchal culture that perpetuates gender hierarchy. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach to analyze the root causes and impacts of gender inequality on women's sense of security in public spaces. The results indicate that the disparity manifests in various dimensions, such as women-unfriendly urban infrastructure (e.g., inadequate lighting), security threats in urban areas, and the high rate of gender-based violence where 80.1% of the victims are women. The discussion reveals that this inequality impacts not only physical safety but also psychological well-being, economic security, and access to public spaces. This research concludes that a multidimensional approach encompassing infrastructure improvement, strengthening legal protection, changing social norms, and economic empowerment is required to create an inclusive, equitable, and safe public environment for all genders.

. Film as a mass communication medium not only functions as entertainment, but also as a means of representing power relations in society. Miracle in Cell No. 7 works by Hanung Bramantyo show various forms of official domination and legal inequality which are relevant to be studied through a hegemony perspective. This research aims to describe the forms of hegemony that appear in the film and interpret the social criticism conveyed through the narrative and visualization. The research uses qualitative methods with listening and note-taking techniques, then the data is analyzed through reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions based on Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony. The research results show that this film contains four forms of hegemony: ideological hegemony through the instillation of disciplinary values; hegemony of power through apparatus domination and abuse of authority; cultural hegemony through the imposition of a single standard of behavior; and moral hegemony through the formation of ethical judgments that benefit those in power. These findings indicate that films not only present emotional stories, but also present criticism of legal injustice and structural domination. This research confirms that visual media plays an important role in forming public awareness regarding the practice of power in social life.

. Film as a mass communication medium not only functions as entertainment, but also as a means of representing power relations in society. Miracle in Cell No. 7 works by Hanung Bramantyo show various forms of official domination and legal inequality which are relevant to be studied through a hegemony perspective. This research aims to describe the forms of hegemony that appear in the film and interpret the social criticism conveyed through the narrative and visualization. The research uses qualitative methods with listening and note-taking techniques, then the data is analyzed through reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions based on Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony. The research results show that this film contains four forms of hegemony: ideological hegemony through the instillation of disciplinary values; hegemony of power through apparatus domination and abuse of authority; cultural hegemony through the imposition of a single standard of behavior; and moral hegemony through the formation of ethical judgments that benefit those in power. These findings indicate that films not only present emotional stories, but also present criticism of legal injustice and structural domination. This research confirms that visual media plays an important role in forming public awareness regarding the practice of power in social life.

The UNAMA Library employs information systems to enhance its academic services. Nevertheless, its administrative framework continues to encounter obstacles, such as inadequate service system support for users, constrained resources allocated for the management and upkeep of the system, an absence of standardized protocols for addressing technical challenges, and insufficient assessment system efficacy. If these issues remain unaddressed, the operational effectiveness of the library information system will be compromised, thereby thwarting the objective of delivering dependable information services. This investigation seeks to illuminate the maturity level of information system governance as delineated by COBIT 2019 within the Decision Support Systems (DSS) domain, specifically focusing on the DSS01 (Manage Operations) and DSS02 (Manage Service Requests and Incidents) processes. The findings suggest that the degree of information system governance capability the UNAMA Library is situated at the Established Process level (level 3), signifying that the process has undergone implementation; however, it has yet to be comprehensively documented and consistently evaluated. Moreover, a disparity persists between the existing state and the anticipated capability level of the organization, particularly concerning IT operations management, the standardization incident handling, and the documentation of operational procedures. An elucidation of the expected level is articulated, especially in terms of operational standards, incident documentation, and IT infrastructure oversight. Recommendations encompass the formulation of standard operating procedures (SOPs), the enhancement of documentation practices, and periodic assessments grounded in COBIT 2019. These findings are anticipated to assist libraries in augmenting the efficacy of information systems governance and the quality of IT services.

Quality schools are the goal of every educational institution, therefore it is important to pay attention to various aspects which are believed to influence school quality. This research was conducted with the aim of examining the influence of work commitment and teacher certification on school quality (State High School in Palembang City). The method used in this research is a quantitative method, with data obtained through questionnaires and documentation. The data obtained from the research process was then analyzed quantitatively through statistical computing (t test and F test). The results of the research conducted state that work commitment has a positive and significant effect on school quality; teacher certification has been proven to make a positive and significant contribution to school quality; In simultaneous testing it was found that work commitment and teacher certification affected the quality of State High Schools in Palembang City. The contribution of the two independent variables to the dependent variable is in the quite high category

This research aims to analyze the role of the Special Job Exchange (BKK) in increasing the absorption of Palembang City State Vocational School alumni in the world of work. BKK is one of the units that supports the labor absorption process by connecting the world of education and the world of industry. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method involving primary data through in-depth interviews with BKK, alumni and collaborating companies. The research results show that BKK has a significant role in facilitating Palembang City State Vocational School alumni in obtaining employment opportunities. Apart from that, BKK also provides training and information regarding job vacancies that are relevant to the skills possessed by alumni. However, several challenges are still faced, such as a lack of certain skills needed by companies and limited collaboration networks with the industrial world. This research recommends the need to improve the quality of training and expand the cooperation network between vocational schools and the industrial world to increase the effectiveness of BKK in accelerating workforce absorption.