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This study aims to determine the effectiveness of goat manure and liquid organic fertilizer made from coffee husk waste on the growth of Java tea (Orthosiphon aristatus) cuttings. The study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of two factors with 48 plots. The first factor was the application of goat manure, symbolized as “S,” with four treatment levels: S0 (without goat manure), S1 (250 g/polybag), S2 (350 g/polybag), and S3 (450 g/polybag). The second factor was the application of liquid organic fertilizer made from coffee husk waste, symbolized as “K,” with four treatment levels: K0 (0 ml/L water/polybag), K1 (30 ml/L water/polybag), K2 (60 ml/L water/polybag), and K3 (90 ml/L water/polybag). Thus, there were 16 treatment combinations with three replications. The parameters observed in this study were the time of shoot emergence, number of shoots, shoot length, number of leaves, plant height, and survival percentage. The results showed that the application of goat manure and liquid organic fertilizer from coffee husk waste on the growth of Java tea (Orthosiphon aristatus) cuttings had no significant effect on all observed parameters.

Dependence on chemical fertilizers has caused a decline in soil quality, groundwater contamination, and rising agricultural production costs due to unstable fertilizer prices. In recent years, frequent fertilizer crises have revealed the fragility of reliance on inorganic fertilizers within the national agricultural system. Hence, a transformation toward environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture is urgently required. This study employed a scoring technique to analyze field observation data, which were narrated based on the written methodology. Respondents’ answers were categorized and classified according to their assumptions or opinions, with scores determined using a Likert scale. The Likert scale measures attitudes, opinions, and perceptions of individuals or groups regarding specific social phenomena. The results showed that key driving factors—such as affordable fertilizer prices, support from agricultural extension workers, and social encouragement from the community—achieved scores above 82%. This finding indicates that external conditions are quite favorable for promoting the use of organic fertilizers. However, major challenges remain, including the limited availability of organic fertilizers in the field and farmers’ long-standing dependency on chemical fertilizers. To address these challenges, it is essential to enhance the market availability of liquid organic fertilizers (POC) through collaboration between producers and farmer groups. Continuous technical assistance should be provided, including demonstration plots that display tangible improvements in rice yields using POC. Furthermore, government support in the form of targeted subsidies or special incentives for farmers transitioning to organic fertilizers is vital, while strengthening the role of farmer groups and agricultural extension workers as catalysts for the adoption of environmentally friendly innovations.

The primary goal of this Community Service Program (PKM) is to assist local farmers in utilizing rabbit urine waste—previously discarded into a value-added product in the form of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This innovation aims not only to enhance technical production skills but also to stimulate local economic growth through entrepreneurship based on local resources. The program involves several strategic steps: designing a simple fermentation device using a 20-liter bucket equipped with an airlock and digital thermometer; providing technical training in the LOF-making process, quality control, and hygiene standards; offering entrepreneurial mentoring in production management, financial recording, branding, and marketing; and developing local distribution networks through farmer groups and agricultural shops. The results show that partners can independently produce consistent-quality LOF, packaged in 600 ml bottles with simple labeling for commercial appeal. The program improves technical and entrepreneurial skills, increases farmers’ income, fosters cooperation, and supports sustainable agriculture through environmentally friendly waste utilization.

The use of organic materials as fertilizers is an important effort to improve soil fertility and crop productivity sustainably. Gliricidia sepium (gamal leaves) is a leguminous plant rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and contains bioactive compounds and microbes that support plant growth. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from fermented gamal leaves offers advantages including ease of application, high nutrient absorption by plants, and environmental friendliness compared to synthetic chemical fertilizers that may cause pollution and other negative impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LOF from gamal leaves on the growth and yield of Japanese cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, UKI Toraja, South Sulawesi, from April to July 2025. The LOF was produced by fermenting gamal leaves for 15 days using EM-4 solution and palm sugar as activators. The LOF was applied three times at two-week intervals, starting at 7 days after planting (DAP), by soil drenching around the base of the plants. Observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, number of fruits per plant and per plot, average fruit diameter and length, and fruit weight per plant and per plot. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 0.05 significance level. The results showed that application of LOF from gamal leaves at a dose of 300 ml per plant produced the best results across all observed parameters, including plant height, leaf number and area, stem diameter, fruit number, fruit size, and fruit weight per plant and per plot.

The growing demand for organic fertilizers as an alternative to chemical fertilizers is in line with increasing public awareness of environmentally friendly agriculture. Meanwhile, livestock waste, particularly rabbit urine, remains underutilized and is often discarded, despite its high nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content and potential as a raw material for liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This study aims to design and develop a simple technological innovation for processing rabbit urine into economically valuable LOF, offering new business opportunities for local communities. Another objective is to advance bioactivator-based processing technology to produce an effective, marketable, and eco-friendly organic fertilizer that enhances plant growth. The research employed an applied research method with an experimental approach, including collection and processing of rabbit urine, simple production of LOF, effectiveness testing on horticultural crops with local farmers, and analysis of business feasibility and local marketing strategies. The study resulted in a simple bioactivator-based technology for converting rabbit urine into LOF through a fermentation process of more than 14 days, producing fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The LOF improved horticultural crop growth by 25–30% compared to control plants. The group business model provides livestock farmers with new business opportunities, achieving profit margins between 40% and 50%. This research produced a replicable technology guide and usable LOF product, contributing to waste reduction and supporting sustainable agriculture through community-based entrepreneurship.

The community service program in Kemiri Village aims to empower farmers through the use of local potential, especially moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), as raw materials for liquid organic fertilizer (POC). This activity was carried out with a participatory and educational approach that directly involved farmer groups in technical training on making POC through simple fermentation methods using natural ingredients such as moringa leaves, rice washing water, organic waste, and local decomposers. Through this activity, farmers are taught stages ranging from the collection of ingredients, the process of shredding moringa leaves, mixing with complementary ingredients, to the correct fermentation techniques to produce high-quality fertilizer. The training is carried out by field demonstration methods, discussions, and hands-on practice, so that farmers not only gain theoretical knowledge, but also practical skills that can be applied independently. The results show a significant increase in farmers' knowledge, skills, and awareness of the importance of liquid organic fertilizer as an environmentally friendly alternative. In addition, the public's enthusiasm is getting higher after seeing real evidence that the use of POC moringa leaves is able to increase plant growth, crop quality, and reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers which are increasingly expensive and have the potential to damage the soil. This program not only provides economic benefits through the cost efficiency of agricultural production, but also has a positive impact on environmental conservation. This activity is expected to be a model of community empowerment based on local potential that can be replicated in other regions with similar conditions. The success of the program shows that simple innovations that utilize local resources, if managed well, can support sustainable agriculture and food security for rural communities.

Turmeric is a spice commodity that has high economic market potential. However, the utilization of turmeric, especially in Kunden Village, Sukoharjo Regency is still limited in terms of processing innovation, and creates organic waste that has not been optimally utilized, namely turmeric leaves. The Village Development Program, carried out a zero waste-based transformation through the manufacture of gummy spices from rhizomes and liquid organic fertilizer from turmeric leaf waste. This activity is with the farmer women's group of Tani Lestari, with stages of socialization, training, and practice. The results of this program show that the farmer women's group of Tani Lestari members are able to understand product processing innovations in the form of turmeric gummy and optimize turmeric leaf waste into liquid organic fertilizer. Gummy turmeric is a functional food product that is good for health, while liquid organic fertilizer is an alternative to reducing organic waste from turmeric leaves to support sustainable agriculture. The provision of e-modules strengthens the sustainability of the program even after the activity has ended. Zero waste-based innovation not only encourages community participation, especially farmer women's group in village development based on local resources, but also creates a community that is adaptive to progress.

Coffee production generates large amounts of solid waste, particularly coffee pulp, which can lead to environmental pollution if not properly managed. This study investigates the utilization of coffee pulp waste as a liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) and its effect on the growth of Arabica coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica L.). The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 ml/L of LOF) and five replications. Observations were made on seedling height, stem diameter, and number of leaves over a four-month period. The results showed that the application of LOF had a significant effect on plant height and number of leaves. The highest increase in height and leaf count was observed in the 30 ml/L treatment, while the 40 ml/L treatment showed a slight decline, possibly due to nutrient oversaturation. However, stem diameter did not show a statistically significant difference among treatments. Correlation analysis indicated a strong positive relationship between plant height and leaf number (r = 0.800), suggesting synchronized vegetative growth. These findings demonstrate the potential of coffee pulp LOF as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers in coffee seedling nurseries. Further research is recommended to evaluate long-term effects and optimal dosages for different growth stages.

Lake Toba, designated as a National Tourism Strategic Area, faces ecological disruption due to the invasive Red Devil fish (Amphilophus labiatus), which threatens the sustainability of native aquatic species. This study aims to enhance the knowledge of the Tapian Nauli farmer group in Hariara Pohan Village, Samosir Regency, in utilizing the Red Devil fish as Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) and processed food. Methods employed include agricultural extension activities, practical demonstrations, pre-tests and post-tests, and evaluation through questionnaires. Results showed a significant improvement in farmers' knowledge after the extension, with 70% moving from the "poor" to "good" category. The Red Devil fish was successfully processed into LOF through fermentation using molasses, starbio, and pineapple, and into shredded fish (abon) as a food product. Farmers responded positively to the idea of Red Devil abon as a potential household business opportunity, given the fish's abundance and low cost. Evaluation of the extension activities revealed a high level of suitability with an average score of 96.33%, covering material content, delivery methods, and instructional media. This study demonstrates that locally based extension approaches can effectively empower farmers to convert invasive pests into value-added products, while fostering economic opportunities rooted in local resources.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the application of goat manure and liquid organic fertilizer derived from vegetable waste on the growth and productivity of celery plants (Apium graveolens L.). This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of two factors with 48 plots.The first factor was the application of goat manure fertilizer, symbolized as “G”, which consisted of four treatment levels: G0 = 0 g/polybag, G1 = 200 g/polybag, G2 = 400 g/polybag, and G3 = 600 g/polybag.The second factor was the application of liquid organic fertilizer from vegetable waste, symbolized as “S”, which consisted of four treatment levels: S0 = 0 ml, S1 = 100 ml/L of water, S2= 200 ml/L of water, and S3 = 300 ml/L of water.The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, number of tillers, plant weight per polybag, and plant weight per plot. The results of the study showed that the application of goat manure and liquid organic fertilizer from vegetable waste had a significant effect on the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, number of tillers, plant weight per polybag, and plant weight/plot.

This study aims to assess the optimization of organic fertilizer in plant growth kale (Ipomea sp.) using a hydroponic system. The research method used is a complete random design of 2 factorial. The first factor is the concentration of POC which consists of 3 levels of treatment, namely K1 = 100 ml POC + 1 L of water. K2 = 200 ml of POC + 2 L of water. K3= 300 ml of POC + 3 L of water. The second factor is the frequency of administration of POC (W) which consists of 3 levels of treatment W1 = every 2 days W2 = every 4 days, W3 = every 6 days. So there are 9 combinations, namely: K1W1, K1W2, K1W3, K2W1, K2W2, K2W3, K3W1, K3W2, K3W3 between treatments with repeated 3 times so that a total of 27 trials. The measured parameters include temperature, plant height, number of leaves and Root Length. The results showed that the interaction occurred at the final temperature, plant height: 21 HST 28 HST, number of leaves: 7 HST, 14 HST ,21 HST and 28 HST and Root Length. The frequency of POC using banana stems with a time of 2 days was able to increase, plant height 21 HST, 28 HST, number of leaves 7 HST,14 HST,21 HST,28 HST, Root Length, while at a frequency of 4 days was able to increase the growth of kale plants in the late afternoon temperature parameters. At a frequency treatment once every 6 days is able to increase the final temperature. Concentration of POC using banana stem with a dose of 100 ml POC +1 L of Water, able to increase plant height 21 HST and 28 HST, the number of leaves 7 HST, 14 HST,21 HST,28 HST, Root Length. This research is expected to contribute to sustainable agricultural practices and the development of efficient hydroponic systems.

The use of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) is an innovative solution to increase crop productivity in drylands that face challenges in soil fertility and water availability. This study aims to evaluate the effect of various types of POC, including moringa, kirinyu, rabbit urine, fermented fruit waste, and local microorganism-based (MOL) POC, on plant growth and yield. The method used was literature review and analysis of literature from various journals, theses, theses, and dissertations, which were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively.  The results showed that all types of POC increased plant productivity with an average increase of 20-40% compared to the control, with rabbit urine recording the highest increase of 40%. The effectiveness of POC comes from the content of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and microorganisms that improve soil structure, increase water retention, and spur nutrient absorption. The discussion underscored the importance of utilizing local resources to reduce environmental pollution and improve agricultural sustainability.  In conclusion, POC proved to be an effective alternative to increase crop yields in drylands while supporting sustainable agriculture. Recommendations for further research include further exploration of local organic materials and application of POC on a field scale.

Community service is an important activity in increasing community capacity and welfare. In an effort to support sustainable agriculture, training on making liquid organic fertilizer (POC) with high nitrogen content aims to provide knowledge and skills to the community to use organic waste as a basic ingredient for fertilizer. Liquid organic fertilizer which has a high nitrogen content plays an important role in increasing soil fertility and plant productivity without damaging the environment. This training includes an introduction to organic materials that are easily available and available nearby, fermentation techniques, as well as methods for making appropriate POC to produce fertilizer with high nitrogen levels. This training also explained the ecological and economic benefits of using liquid organic fertilizer compared to synthetic chemical fertilizer. Training participants are taught from basic theory to practical application, so they can apply this knowledge to plants. With this training, it is hoped that the community can increase agricultural productivity, reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers, and create a friendlier and more sustainable environment.

Mekar Agung Village has abundant agricultural potential, but the utilization of green waste for liquid organic fertilizer is still not optimal. Seeing this problem, KKM 67 students initiated a grant of grass chopper tools to support the production of liquid organic fertilizer in the village. This community service activity aims to increase village independence in processing green waste into fertilizer that can increase soil fertility and agricultural productivity. The method of implementing the activity includes the stage of socialization to the community regarding the importance of organic fertilizer, training in the use of grass chopper tools, and assistance in the production of liquid organic fertilizer. Through a participatory approach, the community is actively involved in every stage of the activity. The results of this activity show an increase in the community's ability to process grass waste into liquid organic fertilizer, as well as increasing awareness of the importance of environmentally friendly agriculture. The grass chopper tools that were donated have also proven effective in accelerating the process of processing green waste. This activity is expected to continue independently and contribute to economic and environmental development in Mekar Agung Village.  

The amount of waste and residual materials produced by human enrichment increases every year along with the increasing population. Empowering household units in managing domestic organic waste has the potential to reduce organic waste, including food waste. In addition to disposing of household organic waste, it can also be used as raw material for making compost. The purpose of this community service activity is to demonstrate liquid organic fertilizer production techniques to the local community and increase public awareness of the benefits of household waste processing. This activity was attended by 20 people from household representatives in Banteng Village, Tersono District, Batang Regency. The demonstration service method implemented was considered effective in terms of the interest and level of innovation of the community in utilizing empty land as a follow-up to making liquid organic fertilizer independently.

Training on processing liquid organic fertilizer from vegetable waste in Ngampel Wetan Village, Kendal, was conducted to increase community awareness and skills in utilizing household waste, especially vegetable waste, as a basic ingredient for making liquid organic fertilizer. This activity was motivated by the community's dependence on inorganic fertilizers in agriculture, so the potential of liquid organic fertilizer can be applied to farmers in Ngampel Wetan Village. With this training, the community is expected to be able to reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers by switching to organic fertilizers that are safer and more economical. The method used in processing vegetable waste as liquid organic fertilizer, observation, theory, product targets, implementation, and evaluation aims to solve problems in Ngampel Wetan Village, Ngampel District, Kendal Regency. It is hoped that with this training, the community of Ngampel Wetan Village can utilize vegetable waste into liquid organic  fertilizer and utilize it in agricultural activities so that liquid organic  fertilizer can overcome the problems of waste and limited fertilizer.   Pelatihan pengolahan pupuk organik cair dari limbah sayur di Desa Ngampel Wetan, Kendal, dilakukan guna  meningkatkan kesadaran dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan limbah rumah tangga, khususnya limbah sayur, sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan pupuk organik cair. Kegiatan ini dilater belakangi oleh ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap penggunaan pupuk anorganik  dalam bidang pertanian, maka potensi pupuk organik cair dapat diaplikasikan ke para petani di Desa Ngampel Wetan.  Pelatihan pupuk organik cair kepada masyarakat diharapkan bisa  mengurangi ketergantungan pada pupuk kimia dengan beralih ke pupuk organik yang lebih aman dan ekonomis. Metode yang digunakan pengolahan limbah sayur sebagai pupuk organik cair yaitu observasi lapangan, teori, sasaran produk, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi atas permasalahan di Desa Ngampel Wetan Kecamatan Ngampel Kabupaten Kendal. Diharapkan, dengan adanya pelatihan ini, masyarakat Desa Ngampel Wetan   dapat memanfaatkan limbah sayuran menjadi pupuk organik cair dan memanfaatkannya dalam kegiatan pertanian, sehingga pupuk organic cair dapat mengatasi permasalahan sampah dan keterbatasan pupuk

Improving farmer organizational governance and crop production management are important aspects in achieving sustainable agriculture. This study aims to evaluate the impact of training on liquid organic fertiliser production on improving farmer organisation governance and crop production management in Mekar Agung Village. The training was attended by 30 purposively selected farmer organisation members. The research methodology used a quantitative approach with a pretest-posttest design. The pretest results showed that participants' initial knowledge of liquid organic fertiliser production and farmer organisation governance was at a low level. However, the posttest results showed a significant improvement after the training, with the average score increasing from 55% to 85%.  The study concluded that the training on liquid organic fertiliser production was effective in improving farmers' organisational capacity and crop production management in Mekar Agung Village, and has positive implications for the sustainability of agriculture in the area.

This activity aims to utilize household organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer (POC) in Jati Village, Sidoarjo Regency. Organic waste that generally comes from leftover food and vegetables is often just thrown away and causes an unpleasant odor and environmental pollution. Through counseling and practice of making POC, the community is expected to be able to process organic waste into fertilizer that is beneficial for plants. The method used involves counseling on the importance of processing organic waste, as well as practical steps in making POC, including preparation of materials, cutting, mixing with supporting materials such as brown sugar and EM4, fermentation process, filtering, and storage. The results of the activity show that the community has become more aware of the importance of processing organic waste and can practice making POC independently in their respective homes. This program not only reduces the amount of waste disposed of to landfills (TPA) but also increases soil fertility and contributes to environmental sustainability

Jati Village has a unique potential in processing organic waste into Liquid Organic Fertilizer (POC). The waste processing is an effort to preserve the environment and also provide added economic value to the local community. However, in making sales, the community in Jati Village has not implemented the right marketing strategy. Digital marketing offers various tools and platforms that can be used to promote POC. Digital marketing strategies that can be applied include the use of social media such as Instagram, Facebook, Tiktok and Youtube to promote POC through interesting and educational visual content, as well as direct interaction with consumers. By implementing digital marketing strategies, Jati Village can increase the visibility of their POC products, expand their customer base, and increase revenue. This can support the SDGs program, especially point 8, namely Equitable Village Economic Growth. Utilizing technology for marketing can help POC sales sell evenly.

Organic fertilizer is very important in efforts to improve soil fertility naturally and safely, in the broadest sense of being free from chemicals that are harmful to human health, therefore this organic fertilizer is very safe for consumption. This research was carried out in a housing complex on Jl. Tombak, Medan Tembung District, Medan City, North Sumatra. The research method used in this research is the experimental and observation method. The aim of this research is to determine the content of organic fertilizer made from mixed waste of onion skins and garlic skins with used rice water washing. And the results of the research that has been carried out show that the organic fertilizer that the researchers made failed due to several factors, such as perhaps there being onion skins that had rotted and should not be used and also the fermentation process time was too long, so it did not meet the required standards. Apart from that, when filtering to remove onion skin waste, the liquid fertilizer the researchers made smelled pungent and rotten.