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The issue of accusations of obstructing or obstructing the legal process carried out by the Advocate in his capacity to defend the client is problematic. The aim of this study is to describe the right to immunity possessed by advocates in the aspect of law enforcement. As well as aiming to find out the criminal liability of Advocates for Obstruction of Justice carried out during the legal process. This writing uses the normative law research method, which is a method or method used in one of the legal research conducted by reviewing the literature and aimed at written regulations. This study show that the right to immunity applies as long as there is good faith that can be held accountable by the Advocate both outside and in the trial in order to protect the legal interests of his client. Meanwhile, in the criminal aspect against Advocates who are proven to have committed obstruction of justice and injured good faith by committing acts that are against the Law to obstruct the law enforcement process.

A hotel is a building with rooms that are rented out as a place to stay, event venue and place to eat. Batam has a fairly good hotel population because it directly borders Singapore. One of the hotels in Batam is the AP Premier Hotel, this hotel has four star status in Batam. The problem with this hotel is that the attendance system is often problematic, disrupting payroll at the end of the month. With these problems, the author proposes to create a manual attendance which aims to assist HRD in making payroll at the end of each month, using a direct implementation method. The results obtained from this activity are in the form of softcopy and hardcopy in the form of manual attendance which will be carried out at the hotel.

This study aims to determine the role of communication patterns in student human relations on the emergence and dynamics of toxic relationships. Communication patterns, both verbal and nonverbal, are important elements in interactions between individuals that affect the quality of interpersonal relationships. In the context of university students, communication patterns are often influenced by the level of emotional maturity, cultural background, and social environment. Unhealthy communication patterns, such as domination, manipulation, or a tendency to avoid conflict, can be the main trigger of toxic relationships. Conversely, healthy communication with openness, empathy, and respect can prevent toxic relationships and improve problematic relationship dynamics. This research uses a type of qualitative research using the literature study method sourced from books, journals regarding the research discussed by examining the Role of Communication Patterns in Student Human Relations Against Toxic Relationship. Communication patterns have a significant role in shaping the dynamics of student relationships, including toxic relationships. Healthy communication patterns, including openness, empathy, and respect can prevent toxic relationships, while unhealthy communication patterns such as domination, manipulation, or closure, are often the main triggers. Students who lack interpersonal communication skills are vulnerable to getting trapped in toxic relationships, which can have a negative impact on their mental health and academic performance. Increased self-awareness, use of assertive communication, boundary setting, and external support are key steps to prevent or overcome toxic relationships. With positive communication patterns, students can build healthy relationships, support personal development, and create a harmonious social environment.

The determination of outstanding students is based on different criteria, depending on the type of achievement that is to be measured. At SMK Migas Cepu, this assessment is typically based on the highest academic score from the class promotion exam. However, this method is considered less accurate and problematic in terms of grouping students. To address this issue, a clustering method using the K-Means algorithm can be applied. The purpose of this research is to build a K-Means model to determine outstanding students. The data used in this study comes from the report card ledger of class XI Machine A and B for the year 2022, which includes 71 students at SMK Migas Cepu. The RapidMiner tool was used to build the K-Means model and cluster the data based on student characteristics. The first test conducted using Excel resulted in two clusters: 35 outstanding students and 36 non-outstanding students. Meanwhile, the second test using the RapidMiner model produced two clusters with a distribution of 26 outstanding students and 45 non-outstanding students.

Restructuring is a step in overcoming financing problems that arise because debtors experience difficulties in fulfilling their obligations, which is known as default. The government, through the Financial Services Authority, asks banking institutions to identify debtors and provide financing restructuring policies with the aim of providing relief to the public, especially debtors, in financing payments. This research aims to find out how restructuring is implemented as an effort to manage problematic financing at KB Bank Syariah KC Surabaya. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach in the nature of library research, namely by using books and literature related to this research. The results of this research are that implementing restructuring of problematic financing in banks will benefit in the form of reducing Non-Performing Finance (NPF), which will ultimately have a positive impact on the overall health of the bank. Apart from that, from an economic perspective, the Bank will receive installment payments from debtors in accordance with the restructuring agreement that has been agreed between the bank and the debtor. The success of implementing financing restructuring depends on the intention and willingness of both parties, namely the debtor and financing, to work together in resolving financing problems that arise.  

Problematic Internet use is the inability to control the desire to use the Internet, which is associated with psychological, social, educational and vocational problems. The internet is a place where young people can get all the information they need. Therefore, the use of the Internet by the younger generation must be directed so that they do not encounter information that is false, misleading, or even detrimental to themselves. Excessive internet use can also worsen the quality of teenagers' sleep, and teenagers may even be at risk of experiencing more serious mental health problems, such as depression. The aim of this activity is to increase knowledge about preventing internet addiction by doing physical activity. The results of the questionnaire obtained from the ASSIST questionnaire showed that of the 36 respondents there were 12 respondents (33.3%) who were addicted to smoking. Meanwhile, the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) 20 questionnaire shows that out of 36 respondents there were 8 respondents (22.2%). Internet addiction in teenagers can affect the content of their thoughts regarding the life goals they pursue

This research discusses the Problems of the Existence of Swallow's Nests and the procedures and permits for their establishment in Gorontalo Regency. The method used in the research is empirical, with qualitative descriptive data analysis that describes and describes data and field facts.The results of the research show that the problems with the existence of swallow nests in Gorontalo Regency consist of; Neighbors' rights were not fulfilled when the building was erected, because the swallowtail bird's nest building, apart from being erected without the permission of the closest neighbors, was also located right near a residential area. The noise from recorded bird calls can disrupt people's activities, and the presence of bird nests does not rule out the possibility of carrying various types of diseases. The lack of permit processing, where the construction of swallow nests in the Gorontalo Regency area has not yet fully obtained a building permit, because for the construction of swallow nests there were no proposals received by the government. Triggering conflict, where it is feared that building swiftlet nests could develop bird flu, cause odors caused by swiftlet feces, the smell of rubbish used as additional food for swiftlets, disrupt air quality, and pollute residents' reservoir water. Apart from that, this conflict can occur because the owner of the swallow's nest building is not domiciled on the premises, so it becomes a problem in itself. The construction of swallow's nests in Gorontalo Regency does not comply with the procedures and permits for establishment as stated in the Decree of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 71 of 1999 concerning Guidelines for the Management and Business of Swallow's Nests, where Chapter III Article 4 is managed with the permission of the Regional Head. Apart from that, it is not yet based on Law Number 28 of 2009 regarding Regional Taxes and Retributions, as well as Regional Regulation No. 5 of 2020 concerning Swallow's Nest Tax in Gorontalo Regency. This is due to weak awareness of environmental law, the community does not understand the procedures for establishing wallet bird nests and local government outreach has not been optimal.

This thesis describes several problems, namely 1) the problematic application of literacy in Islamic religious education subjects at SMAN 02, Kapur IX District. 2) supporting factors and inhibiting factors in implementing literacy in Islamic religious education subjects at SMAN 02 Kapur IX District. The method used in research studies in this thesis is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used in this research are: observation, interviews, documentation. The results of the research concluded that the problems with the literacy program in Islamic Religious Education that occurred at SMAN 02, Kapur IX District for the 2023/2024 class It was shown in interviews that there was a lack of motivation given by teachers to students when implementing literacy. Teachers also do not focus too much on implementing literacy because teachers consider literacy as additional learning and students' interest in literacy is still low. The contributing factor to the problem of implementing literacy in Islamic religious education subjects at SMAN 02, Kapur IX sub-district is that the school principal has informed the students' parents that they will be facilitated to support literacy activities, giving teachers encouragement to supervise literacy activities. The inhibiting factors are the lack of non-textbooks in schools and students' feelings of laziness.

An information system is a series that includes aspects of software, hardware and brainware in a structured manner with performance in a process that is interconnected so as to create a certain desired product, then the development of website-based system infrastructure can make it easier to data warehouse electronic products for both incoming and outgoing goods. for the admin, however, from the ongoing data warehouse process there are several problematic factors that influence it, namely, electronic product warehouse data collection for incoming and outgoing goods still uses a simple Microsoft Excel format which takes a long time and there are many warehouse data collection archives on computer storage as reports so it is vulnerable to viruses.

Credit risk is a risk that occurs due to the failure of customers or other parties to fulfill their obligations to the bank. Credit risk is the risk of possible losses as a result of non-repayment of credit provided by the bank to debtors (Natasia 2014). The higher the credit risk of a bank, the greater the number of problem loans. Credit risk can be measured by the Non Performing Financing (NPF) ratio. Nugraha 2018) Non Performing Financing or commonly abbreviated as NPF is the ratio between problematic financing and total financing disbursed by sharia banks. Nuha (2016) Non Performing Financing (NPF) is a comparison of problematic credit/financing with the total credit/financing provided. The higher the NPF ratio indicates a bank's inability to manage its problematic credit/financing, this will reduce the level of confidence of a bank in carrying out business activities. Problematic financing consists of substandard, doubtful and non-performing financing.

Leads Property Service Indonesia is a company operating in the services and services sector. PT. Leads Property Service Indonesia is widely known and many buildings use PT's services. Leads Property Service Indonesia for rent office space including the BRIpens Tower Building. To promote the office building area that will be rented only through the website so that there are problematic factors such as the lack of being able to go directly to provide brochures with clients because the website and social media promotions are more dominant and rental prices are less competitive with competitors in other companies. The solution is an evaluation so that it can become a future benchmark for marketing strategies for renting office buildings at the BRIPens PT Tower Branch Office. Leads Property Service Indonesia using the SWOT method. In essence, the SWOT method is a field of science that uses reasoning about the environment's internal strengths and weaknesses and also external opportunities and threats, then calculated using IFAS or EFAS using variables from these 4 parameters.

Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) has become a significant psychosocial and spiritual concern among congregants whose daily rhythms are shaped by social media visibility, comparison, and constant connectivity. This article examines FoMO as an object of pastoral counseling, not merely as excessive screen use but as a relational and affective pattern in which digital platforms intensify unmet needs for belonging, identity, autonomy, and meaningful participation. The study aims to construct a pastoral counseling approach for congregants who experience anxiety, compulsive checking, social comparison, diminished self-worth, and spiritual distraction because of social media. Methodologically, the article uses a constructive-integrative literature review, synthesizing peer-reviewed research on FoMO, problematic social media use, social comparison, self-determination theory, and spiritually integrated counseling alongside major works in pastoral care and practical theology. The synthesis indicates that FoMO is best understood as a need-frustration cycle that is amplified by passive browsing, online comparison, and algorithmic immediacy. Pastoral counseling can respond constructively through careful assessment, theological reframing of identity and belonging, digital habit formation, communal practices, and referral pathways when psychological risk is present. The article concludes that pastoral counseling is uniquely positioned to transform FoMO from anxious digital vigilance into discernment, embodied community, and spiritually grounded digital wisdom.

The process of handling financing aims to identify strategies for addressing problematic financing in savings and loan cooperatives or BMT (Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil). The research method employed is qualitative, utilizing structured interviews, field observations, and documentation for data collection. The primary factors contributing to problematic financing in BMTs are identified as internal factors (suboptimal analysis of documents and adherence to financing standard operating procedures) and external factors (dishonesty and untrustworthiness among members, malicious intentions, procrastination by members, and unintentional factors such as relocation and natural disasters). Handling strategies involve communication via mobile phones (WhatsApp messages or calls), issuing warning letters, and executing collateral. Efforts to mitigate problematic financing include strict adherence to standard operating procedures, adequate task allocation, the application of prudence principles, and enhancement of employee skills.

This research discusses the legal and economic aspects related to Sales and Purchase Agreements in the context of debt settlement. The main focus is the legal analysis of Sales and Purchase Agreements which is based on Debt-Receivable or Money Lending and Borrowing Agreements, as well as its impact on legal certainty and protection for the parties involved. This research also investigates the provisions of Articles 1457 and 1458 of the Civil Code regarding the validity of sale and purchase transactions, as well as the process of transferring land rights through a Deed of Sale and Purchase carried out by the Land Deed Official. The study results show that PPJB is often used as debt collateral, although this practice is not legally valid because Sales and Purchase Agreements and Debt-Receivable Agreements have different concepts and principles. The use of Sales and Purchase Agreements as debt collateral is considered problematic because it violates Article 1320 of the Civil Code which regulates the conditions for the validity of an agreement. This research emphasizes the importance of understanding the differences between sales and purchase agreements and accounts payable to ensure legal clarity and adequate protection for all parties involved in the agreement.    

The second coming of Christ is an event inalienable to mankind. In addition to declaring punishment for unbelievers, His second coming also fulfills the presence of a new heaven and earth in which the righteous will reign with Christ forever. Of this, the Bible records that "the heavens shall vanish with a great rumbling, and the elements of the world shall burn in the flames, and the earth and all that is therein shall pass away." But on the other hand, the view of restoration clearly teaches that the old heavens and the earth will not be totally destroyed, but renewed. Thus the problem arises: how could both of these things - the biblical concept of the new earth and the doctrine of restoration - be a harmonious truth? This paper seeks to explain and discuss the problematic teaching of the restoration in relation to the concept of the new earth. Through this paper the author hopes to elaborate the problematic of this topic clearly, especially regarding the alleged contradictions that exist. In addition, critical analysis is conducted to produce responsible solutions that contribute significantly to the study of eschatology, in which the authors believe that the teaching of restoration and the concept of the new earth is a harmonious and biblical truth.

General elections are an important part of implementing election strategies to increase public participation by implementing cooperation in communication effectiveness to prevent violations. Student problematic efforts have become a major milestone in voicing aspirations to the government so that both parties prioritize wise character in choosing quality political institutions. Student indicators in carrying out their role are conducting political campaigns that are free of money politics through digital media by disseminating through podcasts, posters distributed through social media to attract audience attention and through other digital media. Public awareness to strengthen the selection of institutions in accordance with one's own decision in order to understand the concept of wise voter participation.    

Problematic financing is an unavoidable risk for banks in providing financial services. This situation can occur when the debtor fails to fulfill his obligations to the bank, either due to business failure or deliberately not paying financing obligations according to the agreement due to the debtor's bad character. This research aims to identify the factors and impacts of problematic financing in sharia banking, the resolution mechanism, as well as the regulation and relevance of sharia economic law in resolving these problems. The method used is normative juridical (legal research) which focuses on studying the application of applicable positive legal rules or norms and is related to the substance of the research. The research results show that problematic financing factors originate from internal factors (managerial errors) and external factors (debtor errors). Resolving problematic financing can be done through alternative dispute resolution or litigation (resolved by the court). Meanwhile, sharia economic law regulations regarding the resolution of problematic financing can be carried out by means of tahkim, through qadhi, or resolved by means of al-ishlah.

This research aims to deal with educational problems, namely truant behavior, the method used is a qualitative method with the type of observation at SMAN 8 Cirebon City school. Observation is a strategy for obtaining information by direct observation. Truant behavior is a deviant act which, if left unchecked, will hamper the success of an education, truancy or absence without permission has become commonplace now. In America, absenteeism is considered a problematic issue. This is because according to several studies, truant behavior is considered a predictor of juvenile delinquency. This truant behavior occurs due to two factors, namely internal factors and external factors, one example of which is the low level of student motivation, and problems in the community or family environment experienced by students. Here the role of the Guidance Teacher is needed to provide solutions and motivation, as well as appropriate direction in providing the approaches and techniques that students need.  

This research aims to examine the effect of non-performing loans on economic profitability in the Balo' Toraja Savings and Loans Cooperative, Makale District, Tana Toraja Regency. The type of research used in this research is quantitative descriptive research. The unit of observation in this research is the financial report and non-performing loans for 2016-2020. The results of this research show that there is an influence of non-performing loans on economic profitability, which means that if non-performing loans increase, economic profitability will decrease, and vice versa, if non-performing loans decrease, economic profitability will increase.

Apart from being regulated by Islamic law, in Indonesia marriage is also regulated by the state, as is the registration of marriages which is regulated by article 2 of Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage. These regulations were not made without reason, but these regulations were made to ensure orderly marriages for the Islamic community in Indonesia. The practice of unregistered marriages is based on different reasons, whether due to economic factors, not wanting to have difficulties with marriage administration, and so on. The research method used in this work is normative legal research or what can also be called literature study with various data sources which are then analyzed in depth and presented descriptively. Until we reach a simple conclusion that according to positive state law, a wife is not considered a legal wife, because there is no authentic evidence, because in the Compilation of Islamic Law the truth about the existence of a marriage can only be proven by the existence of a "marriage certificate" made by a Marriage Registrar.