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The phenomenon of moral degradation and the increase in negative activities among children during the crucial hours between dusk and evening have become serious challenges for the community in Ujung Negeri Kahan Village. This community service research aims to evaluate and optimize the role of the "Maghrib Mengaji" program as a preventive instrument to shield children from unhealthy environmental influences and gadget dependency. The method employed in this service is participatory mentoring using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, involving religious leaders, parents, and village officials. Through the restructuring of activities in mosques and prayer rooms, this program focuses not only on Qur'anic literacy but also on the cultivation of noble character (akhlakul karimah). The results indicate a significant transformation in behavior; children who previously engaged in counterproductive outdoor activities are now more focused on positive spiritual and social endeavors. The success of the program is indicated by a decrease in the intensity of nighttime wandering and an increase in learning discipline. The conclusion of this activity confirms that community synergy through structured religious programs is effective in reducing the potential for juvenile delinquency and strengthening the moral resilience of the younger generation at the rural level.

Myopia is a multifactorial disease, affected by various hereditary and environmental conditions. This literature review aims to evaluate the association between risk factors in incidence of myopia in children aged 6 to 12 years old. A cross-sectional study of elementary students in MI Patihan Kidul, Ponorogo, East Java was performed. Eligible samples were 6 to 12 years old students. Examination was performed on September 7th 2023. The students underwent short history taking, body mass index (BMI), and visual acuity examination. Age, sex, BMI, family history of myopia, sleeping time, screen time, and duration of outdoor activity were examined as risk factors. A total of 336 children met the inclusion criteria, of which 48 (14.2%) of them had myopia. Family history of myopia was proven to increase the risk for myopia on their children (p value 0.012, OR 0.436).  Heredity is a well-established risk factor for myopia. This literature review provides evidence on the positive correlation between family history and the occurrence of myopia in children. 

Character development and organizational skills for students are essential aspects of the development of student organizations, including outdoor enthusiast groups. This activity aims to provide socialization on motivation, leadership, and organizational management to prospective members of MAPALA Surya Rimba at Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. The community service activity was conducted on November 15, 2025, at 07:30 WIB, at the campus of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. This event is part of the 27th basic training (Diklatsar) series of MAPALA Surya Rimba. The methods used in this activity include interactive lectures, discussions, case studies, and organizational simulations. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' understanding of achievement motivation, organizational management, roles of members, and basic coordination skills within an organization. Additionally, this activity triggered participants' awareness to build character, discipline, responsibility, teamwork, and to reflect the professional attitude of MAPALA members. This activity has the potential to be developed into a continuous development program to strengthen leadership quality and organizational management within MAPALA Surya Rimba.

Dancing as an outdoor activity significantly impacts the social and emotional skills of young children. They learn to express their emotions, work together in groups, and increase their self-confidence and empathy through dance activities. Several studies have shown that participating in dance activities can also help children manage their emotions, enhance social interactions, and improve their communication skills. Developmentally appropriate dance programs can positively impact their social and emotional development. Early children's ability to manage their own emotions is part of their emotional developmental maturation during the transition from the preoperational to the concrete operational stage. Early children's ability to manage their emotions is part of their emotional developmental maturation during the transition from the preoperational to the concrete operational stage. The ability to manage their own emotions can be seen in their ability to utilize their emotions positively, regulate their emotions according to their circumstances, and appropriately protect themselves from experiencing unhealthy emotions.

This study aims to enhance legal awareness and leadership skills among high school students in Dau District, Malang Regency through the Adventure Legal Learning program. The background of this activity is the low level of legal understanding, leadership ability, and the limited use of interactive learning methods in the school environment. This community service project applies a participatory approach, actively involving students as key participants. The methods used combine legal education, educational games based on Eduka-Game, and outdoor outbound activities designed to foster values of responsibility, discipline, and leadership. The implementation includes legal counseling, group discussions, case simulations, collaborative games, and reflection sessions, with evaluation conducted through behavioral observation and participant response questionnaires. The results indicate a significant improvement in students’ legal understanding, communication skills, teamwork, empathy, and discipline. Moreover, positive leadership behaviors and stronger legal awareness emerged among participants. This experiential learning approach proved effective in developing responsible, empathetic, and integrity-driven young individuals capable of becoming agents of change in their communities. However, variations in individual leadership and empathy skills remain challenges that need further attention and development in future programs.

This activity aims to improve the motor skills of early childhood through outdoor play activities at Pelangi Bulukumba Kindergarten. The activity was conducted over six sessions in May 2025 by lecturers and students of the Early Childhood Education Study Programme at STAI Al Gazali Bulukumba. The activity stages began with coordination with the school, observation, development of a lesson plan, instrument validation, and the implementation of a pre-test, outdoor play interventions, and a post-test. The activities included various gross and fine motor games, such as zig-zag running, jumping, and moving small objects. Evaluation results showed a significant improvement in children's motor skills, with 100% of children achieving the “Very Good Development” category after the activity. A paired sample t-test showed a significant difference (p = 0.000), indicating the effectiveness of this method. These findings reinforce motor development and developmental ecology theories, which emphasise the importance of the natural environment in supporting children's growth and development. In conclusion, outdoor play is effective in improving children's motor skills and is recommended for regular integration into the kindergarten curriculum. Parent involvement and the development of modules, along with ongoing evaluation, are necessary for the sustainability of this programme.Keywords: gross motor skills, fine motor skills, outdoor play, locomotor skills,

This study aims to examine the effect of appliying the Recovery Ice Bath on reducing fatigue in female outdoor hockey athletes of Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The research employes a pre-experimental method with a One Group Pretest- Posttest Desing. A total of 12 female athletes from Universitas Negeri Surabaya were selected as the study sample. Data were collected through RPE (Rate of Percevied Exertion) quistionnaires, Vas (Visual Analogue Scale) questionnaires,and heart rate meassurements. The analysis of pretest and posttest heart rate values yielded a significant result (0,000 <0,05). Indicating a statistically significant effect of the Recovery Ice Bath. Similarly, the RPE and VAS questionnaire results showed significant values (0,002<0,05 for RPE and VAS), suggesting a substantial impact of the Recovery Ice Bath on reducing fatigue levels and pain in female outdoor hockey athletes at Universitas Negeri Surabaya.  In conclusion, the application of the Recovery Ice Bath significantly influences fatigue reduction in outdoor hockey athletes.athletes who underwent ice baths experienced a faster decline in physical fatigue and muscle soreness. Moreover, ice baths proved effective in accelerating muscle recovery, as evidenced by the reduced Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) after engaging in intense physical activity.

Elderly individuals often experience physiological and health-related changes, including reduced muscle quality and decreased levels of physical activity. This decline negatively impacts overall health, increases the risk of chronic diseases, and diminishes the ability to perform daily activities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vitamin D levels and physical activity in older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Bina Bhakti Nursing Home involving 93 participants aged 60 years and above. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while vitamin D levels were measured through venous blood sampling. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation. The average age of the participants was 74.34 years, with a mean vitamin D level of 23.73 ng/mL. Based on IPAQ results, 26.9% of participants had low physical activity, 44.1% moderate, and 29% high. Spearman correlation revealed a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and physical activity (r = 0.240, p = 0.021). These findings suggest that higher physical activity levels are associated with higher vitamin D concentrations. Engaging in outdoor activities that promote sun exposure and an active lifestyle contributes to maintaining adequate vitamin D levels, which are essential for muscle function, balance, and bone health. Therefore, ensuring sufficient vitamin D status is crucial for supporting optimal physical activity and enhancing the overall health and quality of life among the elderly.

Kabaddi is a traditional outdoor game played with slight variations across India. Prevention of hamstring injuries in kabaddi athletes requires a multifaceted approach, including a balanced muscle strengthening program, regular flexibility training, thorough warm-up before the match, and adequate recovery after intense activity. This study aims to analyze the effect of sports massage on muscle flexibility and pain threshold in the hamstring muscles of Surabaya Kabaddi athletes. The research method used was quantitative with a pretest-posttest design in two groups, namely the experimental group given sports massage intervention and the control group. The sample in this study was 12 Surabaya Kabaddi athletes who were divided into 2 groups, namely the treatment group and the control group using the Total Sampling technique. The results of the Paired t-test showed that there was a significant effect on the hamstring muscles after being given sports massage and a decrease in the pain threshold in the experimental group compared to the control group, as evidenced by the results of the t-test which showed a significant value <0.05. It can be concluded that sports massage can have an effect on hamstring muscle flexibility and pain threshold.

Heatwaves are becoming more frequent and severe, posing significant health risks, especially for vulnerable populations in urban areas. In response to this, green-exercise interventions, which combine physical activity with exposure to green spaces, offer a promising strategy for mitigating heat-related health risks. This study evaluates the effectiveness of green-exercise interventions in reducing heat-related mortality risks in heat-vulnerable communities. The research follows a longitudinal design, collecting data on physical activity, vegetation indices (NDVI), and heat-related mortality rates in urban areas prone to heatwaves. The findings reveal that green-exercise interventions resulted in up to an 18% reduction in heat-related mortality risks, demonstrating the significant impact of physical activity in natural environments. Moreover, positive correlations were found between increased green space and reduced health risks during heatwaves, emphasizing the importance of urban greening in mitigating the effects of extreme heat. Participants who engaged in outdoor physical activity in green spaces showed greater resilience to heat stress compared to those who opted for indoor exercises, underscoring the added benefits of natural environments for physical and mental health. However, the effectiveness of these interventions varied depending on environmental and behavioral factors, including the quality of green spaces and individual motivation to engage in outdoor activities. This study highlights the need for further research into the long-term effects of green-exercise interventions and the combined impact of socio-economic and environmental factors on health outcomes. The findings suggest that urban greening and physical activity in green spaces should be integrated into public health strategies, particularly in heat-vulnerable areas.

The development of technology and information is increasingly rapid. This of course requires the ability of students to face and anticipate it. One of the abilities that students must have is literacy. However, in fact, students in Indonesia still really need strengthening in the field of literacy. Various existing surveys show that these two capabilities have not experienced significant improvement. The same thing was also experienced by students at SMA Negeri 6 Purworejo. For this reason, a comprehensive and continuous effort is needed to improve this capability. Based on these situations and conditions, the Muhammadiyah University Purworejo Service Team built a collaboration with SMA Negeri 6 Purworejo to improve literacy skills for the school's residents. The theme raised was "Strengthening Literacy for Students, Teachers and Education Personnel at SMA Negeri 6 Purworejo". The activity begins with activity planning. Then, it continued with socialization activities and presentation of literacy strengthening strategies that could be carried out at the school. This activity was attended by approximately 300 students, 20 teachers and 12 education staff on October 25 2024 at the Outdoor High School 6 Purworejo. Strengthening strategies that must be implemented by SMA Negeri 6 Purworejo to strengthen literacy include: providing a literacy-friendly physical environment, getting used to reading 15 minutes before the first hour of learning begins, optimizing the role/function of the library, making visits to bookstores, optimizing corners. reading in every classroom, optimizing a school literacy team, and carrying out regular evaluations and follow-ups related to the literacy program that has been implemented.

Activities to improve children's creativity through cheerful garden activities (learning while playing outdoors) in Pasinan village, Lekok sub-district, this activity was carried out for approximately five times and for its implementation on Saturdays and Sundays each meeting discussed a different topic. For the first activity in the ceria park, namely making a pigura made from used cardboard with decorations made from tree branches and origami. Providing material about the design of the craft form to be made and making changes to the design of the craft form so that the results obtained can channel the strengths of this cheerful garden program such as minimizing expenses, attracting customer attention by increasing product visuals, and maximizing the ergonomic value of the products created. This community service uses the PAR method and is able to improve the expertise and skills of children in Pasinan village, therefore the expertise possessed by everyone can undergo social change based on involvement in a related activity. The PAR method in community service activities is an activity that has a very significant impact because it focuses on improvement and change.

Women are known for their focus on beauty, especially skin care. Outdoor activities expose the skin to sunlight, dust and pollution, causing skin problems. Using traditional body care in the form of scrubs made from natural ingredients such as orange peel and lemongrass can clean the skin deeply. Making natural body scrubs from orange peel and lemongrass is done because there is still an abundance of orange peel waste along with increasing public awareness of skin health and beauty. This product aims to utilize natural ingredients for skin care. The method for this community service activity is divided into 3 stages, namely the survey stage, the production stage and the marketing stage. The results obtained from this activity are the Orange Scrub With Lemongrass product which has been marketed to various groups of society. Marketing carried out both directly and indirectly has had a very good impact on this product.

The same busy and troubled day-to-day problems fill people. Nature with varied topography like hilly areas, coasts, valleys, and others creates beautiful areas. One region that has topographic diversity exists in poor cities.One of the activities that can enjoy nature directly is camping. Not everybody can do camping activities because of the difficult terrain to access. Therefore, there is a glamping that is a luxurious and practical camping activity as a solution. Glamping can be combined with a resort that is a tourist destination equipped with accommodation facilities and produces a glamping resort that offers comfort to visitors to stay outdoors. The method used is a case study method based on existing data, the objective of planning is to design a tourist area without having to damage nature, adapting to the conditions of the site already existing, and easily passable. The results of planning are tourist areas that can be easily reached consisting of several masses of buildings placed on a particular area as facilities from areas such as glamping lodging placed in the back of the area and outbounds placed scattered following the shape of the contours of the region.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung condition characterized by persistent and typically progressive respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. This disease is associated with an excessive chronic inflammatory response in the airways and lung parenchyma due to exposure to harmful gases or particles. The objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in oxygen saturation and activity tolerance in COPD patients before and after performing home-based walking exercises, pursed lips breathing, and effective coughing. The research method used a descriptive design in the form of a case report with a nursing process approach. The instruments used included assessment sheets and oximetry to measure oxygen saturation. The study subjects were patients with COPD. The results showed that before the intervention, the patient's (Mrs. E) oxygen saturation was 96%, and she reported difficulty engaging in activities due to fatigue and shortness of breath. After three days of intervention, her oxygen saturation increased to 99%, and she was able to perform outdoor activities without experiencing shortness of breath. In conclusion, home-based walking exercises, pursed lips breathing, and effective coughing can improve oxygen saturation, increase activity tolerance, and reduce dyspnea and fatigue  

Efficiency problems in spatial planning at LSU Farm have a significant impact on the effectiveness of the production process. The proximity of raw material storage warehouses to sorting and packaging zones results in congestion that disrupts product flow and quality, as well as triggering backtracking and line crossings that are detrimental to materials management. To overcome this, the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method was applied which considers interactions between critical areas such as inbound, sort & repack, outbound, warehouse, employees, cold storage and outdoor offices. ARC's analysis compares the importance of connections between facilities for easier access and consumer convenience, as well as reducing unnecessary movements and improving quality control. The analysis results show that the sort & repack area with the highest Total Closeness Rating (TCR) value (117) is a priority in layout reorganization. Based on these findings, it is recommended that production input warehouses be positioned further away from sorting and packaging areas to maintain product quality and avoid chemical contamination, in line with improving overall operational efficiency.

Groovy Space Coffee and Kitchen is a coffee shop located in the Bogor City area that serves several types of drinks such as coffee and tea and several foods, both snacks and heavy meals. This research aims to optimize the layout of the sitting room at Groovy Space Coffee and Kitchen using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method based on the results of the Total Cleseness Rating (TCR) calculation. The ARC method is used to determine optimal seating space layout arrangements by considering the shape of the room and the available area. Meanwhile, the TCR method is used to overcome potential conflicts in the use of seating space, such as the density of visitors at certain times. The application of these two methods is expected to produce a seating space layout that is efficient, comfortable, and able to better accommodate the number of visitors. The results of this research show that the new layout is more effective and efficient compared to the previous layout with the results showing that the new layout includes additional seating in the outdoor area and also a change in concept from outdoor to semi-outdoor.

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease due to increased sensitivity of the airways to various stimuli. Bronchial asthma is not only a public health problem in developed countries, but also occurs in developing countries (WHO, 2016). Anxiety is a vague feeling of worry due to discomfort or fear accompanied by an autonomic response (the source is often unspecific or unknown to the individual), a feeling of worry caused by the anticipation of danger. Anxiety is a sign of increased alertness to impending danger and allows individuals to take action to face the threat (Doenges, 2015). The prevalence of anxiety disorders ranges from 6-7% of the general population (females are more prevalent than males) (Stuart, 2006). Lecturers and students from the Nursing and Nursing Study Program at Imelda University, Medan, chose to hold health education activities with the aim of helping as well as training both individuals and families regarding deep breathing exercises. This makes them aware and more diligent in practicing their breathing. The health education carried out in the courtyard of the sub-district office in Tanjung Mulia downstream began with holding talk activities and continued with outdoor counseling activities. This health education activity is of great interest to families in the community and it is hoped that it can be used as a lesson and make individuals and families more aware of the importance of deep breathing exercises to reduce anxiety in people with asthma.

This research is an implementation activity of the independent curriculum using outdoor learning to increase student literacy. Outdoor learning is learning that is carried out outside the classroom. One of the activities carried out in this learning is word relay, creative wall art, learning tours, word puzzles and many more. The learning carried out aims to hone students' abilities in the field of literacy and increase students' enthusiasm and enthusiasm for learning. The research method used was a mixture/combination. Data collection was carried out using a written test before and after outdoor learning was carried out. This activity was carried out during the Class 6 Teaching Campus assignment period.

The prevalence of myopia is increasing, especially among students, along with the increasing use of gadgets. This study aims to measure the prevalence of myopia and identify the relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of myopia among students of Ma Chung University Malang in July 2023. This study design uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional method, involving 125 students aged 17–24 years who were selected using convenience sampling techniques. The research instruments were questionnaires and direct eye examinations. Data analysis used a simple linear regression test to see the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results showed that 96.8% of respondents used gadgets for more than 2 hours per day and 58.4% of them experienced symptoms of myopia. Factors such as visual habits and outdoor activities moderate the relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of myopia. This study confirms that unhealthy gadget usage habits increase the risk of myopia. Education is needed regarding good visual habits and increased activity.