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This article explores the relationship between nationalism and Christian faith from a biblical perspective. Nationalism is often defined as loyalty to nation and state, while Christian faith centres on loyalty to God and His kingdom. In the Indonesian context, churches participated in the nationalism movement from the colonialism era until independence. Based on theological studies, the Bible provides insight that believers' primary loyalty should be to God, although they are also expected to be good citizens. This article uses a literature study method with a qualitative approach to analyse relevant biblical texts as well as related theological literature. The concept of nation in the Bible is examined from the perspective of the Old Testament, which focuses on the ethnic identity of the nation of Israel, to the New Testament, which expands the nation's identity into an inclusive community of faith. The article also highlights the ethical implications of nationalism for Christians, who should reflect the values of justice, love and sacrifice, and avoid exclusionary and xenophobic attitudes.

When Jesus appeared to the disciples, he said: "Peace be with you; he breathed on them and said: Receive the Holy Spirit", John 20:21-22. Shortly after that Jesus ascended into heaven. The disciples prayed for ten days in Jerusalem and the Holy Spirit came down as promised by Jesus, (Acts 1:8). In addition, no one else, be it prophets, apostles, church fathers or pastors may breathe and tell people to receive the Holy Spirit. This study aims to find the views and attitudes of Christianity in ordaining ministry or worship. In this study, the method used is qualitative descriptive with an approach to an understanding and comprehension of the importance of receiving the anointing of the Holy Spirit so as not to be extreme in the completion of ministry or worship. The Holy Spirit anoints someone so that the person experiences a change in life to become spiritually qualified and has the divine ability to carry out ministry according to his calling, with abilities that exceed human strength.

In this paper, we want to present the development of several previous writings and then make them into new topics related to God's presence in natural disasters by looking at them from the perspective of the Old Testament. There are so many responses from religious people, especially in Christianity, about God's presence in a disaster or natural disaster. There are those who think that the cause of disasters is humans themselves, there are also those who assume that disasters arise because God wants to give a warning or punishment to humans. Therefore, this article will describe God's presence in a disaster in general.  

In the Christian context, the resurrection of the dead is based on the resurrection of Jesus Christ after the crucifixion, which forms the basis of the Christian faith that all people will experience resurrection at the end of time to face the final judgment. In the Old Testament, death is understood as the separation between body and spirit. After we die, our bodies will decompose and become soil again while the spirit will leave our bodies for the afterlife, also known as Sheol. There is also a belief in the resurrection of the dead, which is the physical return of the body from the dead. This belief is reflected in books such as Daniel and Isaiah, which state that at the end of time, God will raise the dead to eternal life or eternal punishment. This concept of resurrection affirms the belief in divine justice and restoration, where each person will receive reward or punishment according to their deeds. In Christian theology, the resurrection of the dead provides hope for eternal life as well as complete redemption, and simultaneously reminds the faithful of the importance of living righteously and faithfully to God's teachings.  

The role and leadership of women in the cultural and religious context of ancient Israel, as recorded in the Old Testament of the Bible, is the focus of this research. Even though that period was dominated by a patriarchal societal structure, several women emerged as influential figures and main leaders. This research examines the contribution of female figures in shaping Israel's history and theology. Examples such as Deborah, Esther, Miriam, and Rahab highlight the important role of women in the history and development of Israelite religion, although they are often overlooked in theological and historical studies. This research confirms that women's leadership in the Old Testament not only reflects the position of women in ancient society, but also confirms that leadership is not exclusive to men. These stories illustrate that women in the Old Testament had the capacity and skills to lead effectively. They broke cultural norms and demonstrated that their leadership not only benefited the nation of Israel, but also honored God.

In this article, the role and leadership of women during the Old Testament period is discussed, especially focusing on the figure of Deborah. Although Middle Eastern culture during this period tended to give priority to men, many women played significant roles in history, including Deborah, Esther, and Vashti. As the first female judge in Israel, Deborah had a very important role in leading her nation against the oppression and challenges it faced. Her leadership shows that women are capable of having a strong and effective influence in bringing change to society, and underlines that leadership is not a gender issue, but rather about influence, courage and loyalty to God's will.

The Welhausen group teaches that eschatology is a concept that first appeared before the current post-exilic era. Many Bible scholars admit that the concept of God is closely related to the history of the salvation of the Israelites and gives them eschatological hope. The vision of eschatology in the Old Testament is a unique phenomenon that occurred in the Israeli nation and is not found outside of Israel because eschatology did not appear in religious communities that doubted God's guidance. Eschatology is the religious belief of the Israeli people which grew from their faith in God who provided salvation for their people

The background to this Community Service activity is: First, there is a need to refresh the understanding of 'Being like Christ', especially in terms of the characteristics of facing suffering, in the context of the weeks leading up to the commemoration of Good Friday. Second, there is a tendency for believers to doubt the perfection of Christ's sacrifice for salvation, with contemporary teachings, especially progressive Christianity which emphasizes good deeds in salvation, not the work of Christ. The purpose of this article is: First, to explain the meaning of 'becoming like Christ' for believers. Second, to explain the perfection of Christ's sacrifice for human salvation. The method used to present this article is the descriptive method, while the method used in the activity is the lecture method. The results of this activity are: First, becoming like Christ according to Philippians 2:6-8 in terms of humility (verses 6-7), obedience to God (8a) and willingness to sacrifice (8b). The perfection of Christ's sacrifice according to Hebrews 10:1-5 shows that Christ's sacrifice is superior to the sacrifices in the Old Testament (1-7), Christ's sacrifice was carried out once and for all (10), Christ's sacrifice perfected the salvation of believers (14). Second, the results of audience satisfaction are as follows: Data on the average level of satisfaction from the two activities, namely from 50 samples who gave answers to the satisfaction level questionnaire: no people (0%) said they were dissatisfied, 1 person (2.0%) said less satisfied, 3.5 people (6.94%) said they were neutral, 40 people (79.09%) said they were satisfied and 6 people (12.00%) said they were very satisfied. It can be concluded that the majority of respondents expressed satisfaction, and a small percentage stated they were very satisfied. The level of respondent satisfaction is high.

Women's leadership is nothing new in this modern era but has always been an interesting issue to discuss. The Bible records that Esther was a Jewish woman who was later appointed Queen of Persia to replace Vashti who then fought as leader for her Jewish people. The research method used is a qualitative method with literature research and Old Testament studies to clearly understand Esther's leadership style which can be applied in the current era of emancipation and Christian leadership. The research results show that Esther is able to become a heroic leader, supported by her excellent ability to communicate verbally and non-verbally.

Repentance is needed because humans realize that they are sinners. Sinful people must be saved through repentance, without repentance sinful humans cannot be saved. Thus repentance has a strong connection with the salvation of believers. Salvation in the concept of the Old Testament people was to turn around and live in God's law. If they repent and obey, they will be saved, that is, they will be blessed with physical blessings such as victory over war, successful harvests, and being able to perform worship. On the other hand, if they do not repent of their sins, they will be condemned or cursed by God. This understanding of repentance and salvation has been adopted by adherents of prosperity theology. They say that Christians who have had their sins forgiven through repentance will be saved and live abundantly with physical blessings, success and prosperity. For the New Testament people, the goal of repentance and salvation is to achieve physical blessings like the Old Testament people or adherents of prosperity theology. This research tries to research and find the correct understanding of repentance and salvation which has implications for the responsibility of believers to maintain the holiness of their lives every day because humans are the holy image of God on this earth. The aim of this research is to find the true understanding of repentance and salvation in Christianity which has implications for the responsibility of Christians to live without falling into sin again or to live in the morality of God's holy holiness. The research in this paper uses a qualitative approach with the technique of writing a literature review or literature study. The research results show that the understanding of repentance and salvation to achieve the image of God who is in the image and likeness of God has implications for the responsibility of the congregation to achieve the morality of holiness like God. This research also shows that repentance is the renewal of the mind until it has thoughts and feelings like Christ. This research also found that the notion of repentance and salvation only by God's grace alone on the basis of damage to God's image in humans based on God's absolute sovereignty has no implications for the believer's responsibility to strive to live without sin or without blemish. Repentance is completely a gift where humans cannot exercise their free will to choose so that believers are not required to take a proportional responsibility to change their character based on individual decisions in order to live a holy life. Repentance in Christianity is no longer focused on physical blessings but on the restoration of God's image with the responsibility of the believer's holy life