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Kebijakan kesejahteraan sosial merupakan instrumen strategis pemerintah dalam meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat serta mengurangi kesenjangan sosial melalui distribusi bantuan publik. Namun demikian, dalam praktik implementasinya di tingkat lokal, kebijakan ini kerap menghadapi berbagai persoalan, terutama terkait ketepatan sasaran, transparansi, dan keadilan distribusi bantuan. Fenomena tersebut juga terlihat di Desa Ladogahar, Kecamatan Nita, Kabupaten Sikka, di mana masih ditemukan indikasi ketimpangan dalam penyaluran bantuan kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan kesejahteraan sosial dan ketimpangan distribusi bantuan publik dengan menggunakan tinjauan teori keadilan, khususnya keadilan distributif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka dan penelitian lapangan. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam dengan aparat desa dan masyarakat penerima bantuan, serta dokumentasi terkait kebijakan yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan kesejahteraan sosial di Desa Ladogahar belum sepenuhnya berjalan secara optimal, ditandai oleh lemahnya validitas data penerima, adanya pengaruh kedekatan sosial dalam penentuan penerima manfaat, serta kurangnya transparansi dalam proses distribusi. Dalam perspektif teori keadilan, kondisi ini mencerminkan belum terpenuhinya prinsip keadilan distributif yang menekankan pemerataan dan keberpihakan kepada kelompok masyarakat yang paling membutuhkan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya perbaikan melalui peningkatan akuntabilitas, transparansi, dan partisipasi masyarakat guna mewujudkan distribusi bantuan publik yang lebih adil dan merata.

Penilaian kinerja merupakan elemen krusial dalam manajemen sumber daya manusia (SDM) untuk memastikan efektivitas organisasi dan pengembangan karyawan. Namun, banyak sistem penilaian tradisional masih bergulat dengan masalah subjektivitas, kurangnya transparansi, dan minimnya fokus pada pengembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi sistem penilaian kinerja yang berlaku di Politeknik XXX dan mengusulkan kerangka model yang mengintegrasikan 360-Degree Feedback dan Critical Incident Technique (CIT) untuk mengatasi kelemahan tersebut. Menggunakan analisis survei deskriptif dan analisis kesenjangan (gap analysis) pada data Politeknik XXX , ditemukan bahwa sistem saat ini bersifat top-down, minim umpan balik multi-sumber (rekan sejawat dan mahasiswa 0%), lemah dalam pencatatan kejadian kritis (18.5% untuk prestasi, 29.6% untuk pelanggaran), serta memiliki skor komunikasi hasil penilaian (2.07/5.00), kepuasan, dan keadilan yang moderat (2.96/5.00). Kesenjangan signifikan teridentifikasi pada aspek transparansi (gap 2.29), orientasi perbaikan (gap 2.08), dan rekam kejadian kritis/CIT (gap 2.07). Implikasi dari temuan ini menunjukkan urgensi transformasi menuju sistem manajemen kinerja modern yang mengedepankan objektivitas, transparansi, dan pengembangan profesional berbasis data. Integrasi 360-Degree Feedback dan CIT diyakini mampu menyediakan perspektif holistik dan bukti perilaku faktual yang diperlukan untuk penilaian yang lebih adil dan formatif.

Pembiayaan Pra Pensiun Berkah merupakan salah satu produk pembiayaan syariah yang ditujukan bagi pegawai aktif yang akan memasuki masa pensiun untuk memenuhi berbagai kebutuhan konsumtif maupun produktif. Dalam pelaksanaannya, pembiayaan tersebut harus dilakukan sesuai dengan prinsip syariah dan ketentuan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI) agar terhindar dari unsur riba, gharar, dan maisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prosedur akad Pembiayaan Pra Pensiun Berkah serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI pada PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk KC Jambi Pattimura. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai pelaksanaan pembiayaan di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prosedur Pembiayaan Pra Pensiun Berkah meliputi tahap pengajuan pembiayaan, pemeriksaan dokumen, pengecekan Sistem Layanan Informasi Keuangan (SLIK), analisis kelayakan, persetujuan pembiayaan, pelaksanaan akad, pencairan dana, hingga monitoring pembayaran angsuran. Akad yang digunakan dalam pembiayaan ini umumnya adalah akad murabahah dan musyarakah mutanaqisah (MMQ) yang disesuaikan dengan tujuan pembiayaan nasabah. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan Pembiayaan Pra Pensiun Berkah telah memenuhi prinsip transparansi, keadilan, dan kehati-hatian serta sesuai dengan rukun, syarat, dan ketentuan yang diatur dalam Fatwa DSN-MUI. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa prosedur Pembiayaan Pra Pensiun Berkah pada PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk KC Jambi Pattimura telah berjalan sesuai dengan prinsip syariah dan ketentuan Fatwa DSN-MUI. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi pengembangan kajian perbankan syariah dan bahan evaluasi bagi lembaga keuangan syariah dalam meningkatkan kualitas layanan serta kepatuhan terhadap prinsip syariah.

This study discusses the concept of polygamy from the perspectives of Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia, focusing on the principles of justice and its impact on women and families. Polygamy is one of the issues in fiqh munakahat that continues to generate debate because it is considered closely related to patriarchal culture, gender inequality, and violence against women. This study aims to analyze the legal basis of polygamy in the Qur’an, the views of scholars of tafsir and fiqh regarding polygamy, as well as the regulation of polygamy in Indonesian legislation. This study employs a library research method with a normative-sociological approach. Data sources were obtained from books of tafsir, fiqh, hadith, Islamic legal literature, and laws and regulations related to marriage in Indonesia. The findings indicate that Islam permits polygamy under very strict conditions, particularly regarding the husband’s ability to act justly both materially and emotionally. However, justice in emotional aspects and affection is considered very difficult for ordinary people to achieve, as emphasized in Qur'an Surah An-Nisa verse 129. In Indonesian positive law, the primary principle of marriage is monogamy, while polygamy is only permitted under certain circumstances with administrative requirements and court approval. This study concludes that the practice of polygamy in the modern era should be understood contextually by considering aspects of public welfare (maslahah), the protection of women’s rights, family justice, and the primary objectives of Islamic law in establishing a harmonious family characterized by sakinah, mawaddah, and rahmah.             

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaturan PTSL dalam sistem hukum agraria Indonesia serta menganalisis keterkaitannya dengan asas fungsi sosial tanah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normative dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan PTSL masih berorientasi pada kepastian hukum formal melalui percepatan pendaftaran dan sertifikasi tanah, sementara asas fungsi sosial tanah belum terintegrasi secara operasional dalam norma pelaksanaannya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan harmonisasi PTSL agar tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai instrumen legalisasi aset, tetapi juga menjamin pemanfaatan tanah sesuai dengan fungsi sosial dalam rangka mewujudkan keadilan agraria.

Perkembangan teknologi digital telah merevolusi mekanisme transaksi ekonomi dengan mendorong penggunaan kontrak elektronik sebagai instrumen utama dalam aktivitas e-commerce. Kajian ini menyoroti dominasi klausula baku yang disusun sepihak oleh pelaku usaha, yang mengakibatkan ketimpangan posisi tawar serta berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian sistemik bagi konsumen. Secara empiris, rendahnya literasi hukum masyarakat, kompleksitas bahasa kontrak, serta mekanisme persetujuan instan memperkuat kondisi kerentanan konsumen dalam memahami hak dan kewajibannya. Meskipun kerangka regulasi nasional seperti UUPK dan UU ITE telah memberikan dasar perlindungan, implementasinya masih menghadapi hambatan serius, termasuk lemahnya pengawasan, kesenjangan antara norma dan praktik, serta tantangan yurisdiksi lintas negara dalam transaksi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif-empiris untuk menganalisis efektivitas perlindungan hukum serta mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab ketidakseimbangan dalam kontrak elektronik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan perlunya rekonstruksi model perlindungan konsumen berbasis keadilan kontraktual yang menekankan transparansi, keseimbangan, dan akuntabilitas dalam penyusunan klausula. Selain itu, integrasi aspek teknologi, desain sistem digital, dan peningkatan literasi konsumen menjadi elemen krusial dalam menciptakan ekosistem transaksi yang adil. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam pengembangan teori hukum digital sekaligus memberikan rekomendasi praktis bagi pembentukan regulasi adaptif guna memperkuat kepercayaan publik terhadap ekonomi digital.

This article analyzes the legal status of golf course development, specifically Gunung Geulis Country Club (GGCC) in the Puncak-Bogor Area within Indonesia's spatial planning policy and Green Open Space (RTH) protection framework, while evaluating its ecological impacts from an environmental justice perspective. Employing a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches, this research identifies two core issues. First, golf course development occupies a legal grey area: it is recognized as private RTH under Article 29(2) of Law No. 26 of 2007 on Spatial Planning, yet substantively fails to fulfill the ecological functions mandated by law due to its exclusivity and inaccessibility to the public. Second, from an environmental justice perspective, GGCC's development generates layered distributive, procedural, and corrective injustices: surrounding communities bear the burden of groundwater contamination, reduced spring discharge, increased surface runoff, and flood risk, while economic and recreational benefits are concentrated among a small number of high-fee members. Weak AMDAL instruments, minimal public participation, and inconsistent spatial monitoring in the Puncak-Bogor protected area exacerbate these conditions. This article recommends policy reforms including stricter private RTH definitions, strengthened participatory AMDAL processes, and consistent application of the polluter-pays principle.

This article aims to reconstruct legal awareness and social justice in the context of a contemporary rule of law through the integration of economic law, digital law, civil law, criminal law, and constitutional law within the framework of citizenship rights and Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence Theory. The main problem of this research stems from the fact that the development of the modern legal system tends to be sectoral, formalistic, and not fully responsive to social change, unequal access to justice, and digital transformation that affects the relationship between citizens and the law. This research uses a normative legal research method with a conceptual, legislative, and sociological approach. The results of the study indicate that legal awareness is not simply understood as formal compliance with norms, but must be developed as a substantive awareness oriented towards social justice, protection of citizenship rights, and public welfare. From the perspective of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence, law is positioned not only as a regulatory instrument, but also as a means of social transformation based on the values ​​of justice, moral responsibility, and siding with the interests of society. Integration across legal branches is crucial for the legal system to more comprehensively address issues related to economics, digitalization, civil relations, criminal enforcement, and state governance. Therefore, the reconstruction of legal awareness must be directed toward establishing a legal paradigm that is integrative, humanistic, adaptive, and socially just.

This study describes a comparative analysis of public financial systems in the ancient world, medieval Europe, and early Islam from a social justice perspective. The purpose of this study is to analyze the public financial systems of the ancient world, medieval Europe, and early Islam from a social justice perspective. The research method is qualitative. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the ancient world had an administratively efficient financial system but was highly centered on the power of the ruler, resulting in high social inequality. In medieval Europe, the financial system was influenced by feudalism and religious values, but was fragmented and dependent on the elite, resulting in an unequal distribution of wealth. Meanwhile, early Islam presented a more structured financial system through the Baitul Mal (Financial Treasury) and instruments such as zakat, kharaj, and jizyah, oriented towards social justice and wealth redistribution. However, all three systems have their respective weaknesses, especially in aspects of implementation, accountability, and equity. This study concludes that social justice in the public financial system requires the integration of institutional efficiency, ethical values, and strong redistribution mechanisms.

Infrastructure development as a National Strategic Project (NSP), such as the Yogyakarta-Bawen Toll Road, aims to improve public welfare but often faces a crucial issue in the land acquisition process, namely the determination of compensation. This research examines the application of substantive justice, which focuses not only on procedural compliance (procedural justice) but also on the fairness and adequacy of the final outcome for the entitled parties. Using a juridical-empirical approach, this article analyzes two main problems: first, how substantive justice is realized in the deliberation stage of determining compensation and what factors cause disagreement from residents. Second, how the overall stages of land acquisition affect the achievement of substantive justice and the obstacles encountered. The analysis shows that although the land acquisition stages have procedurally followed Law No. 2 of 2012, the achievement of substantive justice is still hindered. Factors such as the appraisal of compensation which is deemed not to cover non-physical losses, lack of transparency, and an imbalanced bargaining position in deliberations are the main causes of disagreement. Obstacles in the planning, socialization, and payment stages also impede the realization of a complete sense of justice for the affected communities. This study is expected to contribute to the development of land acquisition policies that prioritize fairness, transparency, and the protection of the rights of affected communities.

Corruption cases in Indonesia often involve the recovery of state assets, including properties encumbered by mortgages (hak tanggungan). This research conducts a normative legal analysis on how current law treats such pledged assets when they become objects of state confiscation in corruption crimes. We examine Indonesian legislation (especially the Tipikor Act, TPPU Act, and Mortgage Act), judicial practice, and principles of justice and legal certainty. The Bank Perumda BPR Purworejo case is used as an illustrative case study: here fictitious loans and misused collateral led to state losses of hundreds of millions of rupiah, and investigators seized assets (including four mortgaged properties) as evidence. The analysis finds that existing rules inadequately protect good-faith creditors: courts have noted that a corruption verdict does not automatically erase a prior mortgage lien, and that a certified mortgage confers a preferential right equal to a judgment. In practice, however, law enforcement often seizes all assets of the convict without first verifying third-party rights, creating legal uncertainty and perceived injustice. We argue that fair outcomes require stricter safeguards for creditors (e.g. mandatory review of collateral status before seizure) and consideration of equitable principles. In conclusion, we recommend legal reforms or guidelines to balance the state’s recovery goals with protection of bona fide mortgagees, so as to uphold substantive justice while maintaining legal certainty.

This study examines the urgency of regulating the nominal limit of restitution in criminal case resolution through a restorative justice approach from the perspective of legal certainty. Restorative justice in Indonesia is governed by PERKAP No. 8 of 2021, PERJA No. 15 of 2020, and PERMA No. 1 of 2024. However, none of these regulations explicitly stipulate the nominal limit of compensation payable to victims. The absence of such a provision potentially leads to legal uncertainty and unfair practices, particularly in cases where resolution depends on the offender's ability to pay restitution. This research adopts a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The study aims to analyze the necessity of regulating nominal limits and how such limits should be determined under the prevailing legal framework. The findings reveal that the lack of clear restitution limits hampers the effective implementation of restorative justice, undermines fairness, and fails to adequately protect victims' rights. Legal regulation of compensation limits is necessary to ensure legal certainty, prevent abuse of power, and uphold justice in the victim recovery process. The study recommends that the state promptly establish clear restitution limits through revision of existing regulations or formulation of new ones, taking into account the principles of justice, the offender’s financial capacity, and the proportionality of the victim's losses.

This study, entitled "Value Added Tax Fairness in Samarinda City," analyzes the fairness of the 11% VAT rate under Law No. 7 of 2021 using socio-legal methods. The results show that although the single 11% VAT rate meets the principles of legality and horizontal justice because it applies equally to all consumers, this policy is not entirely fair from a vertical justice perspective. The regressive nature of the consumption tax tends to place a greater burden on low-income households. Field findings reveal that MSMEs feel burdened because the rate does not take into account their economic capacity, coupled with a lack of understanding of the input and output tax credit mechanisms. Administrative complexity and minimal education from tax authorities contribute to low compliance rates. This study recommends the implementation of a more flexible tiered VAT rate, strengthening tax education, providing technical assistance, and simplifying reporting for MSMEs to improve compliance and create more equitable tax justice.  

This study examines the pedagogical transformation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in realizing gender-equitable and inclusive learning. Ideal PAI teacher pedagogy encompasses not only content mastery but also pedagogical competence and social sensitivity capable of responding fairly to learner diversity. This study identifies that traditional teacher-centered, rote-oriented pedagogy with minimal gender awareness constitutes a primary barrier to creating equitable learning environments. The required transformation includes developing cooperative learning strategies, eliminating gender bias in classroom interactions, differentiating instruction according to student needs, and using inclusive stereotype-free teaching materials. The theological foundation of Islam affirms that human dignity regardless of gender as emphasized in QS. Al-Hujurat: 13 aligns with inclusivity values in education, making this transformation an authentic manifestation of the rahmatan lil'alamin principle rather than a deviation from Islamic values. Despite ongoing challenges including entrenched patriarchal culture, limited gender literacy, insufficient inclusive teaching materials, and social resistance, this pedagogical transformation carries broad implications for improving learning quality, strengthening tolerance, and enhancing PAI teacher professionalism in Indonesia.

Isu keberlanjutan penting bagi Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) yang mengedepankan keadilan dan kemaslahatan. Namun, implementasi Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) masih terkendala variasi kualitas pengungkapan, rendahnya transparansi, serta pembiayaan hijau yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh ESG terhadap keuangan berkelanjutan pada BUS di Indonesia. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan regresi linier berganda, sampel terdiri dari 10 BUS dari populasi 14 bank, dipilih secara purposive sampling berdasarkan laporan keberlanjutan 2020–2024. Data dianalisis dengan uji asumsi klasik, uji t, uji F, dan koefisien determinasi melalui IBM SPSS 25. Hasil menunjukkan Environmental dan Governance berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap Keuangan Berkelanjutan, sedangkan Social tidak berpengaruh signifikan meski berarah positif. Secara simultan, ESG berpengaruh signifikan dengan adjusted R2 0,172, artinya ESG hanya menjelaskan 17,2% variasi Keuangan Berkelanjutan. Temuan ini menegaskan implementasi ESG pada BUS perlu diperkuat, terutama aspek sosial dan tata kelola, agar selaras prinsip syariah

The governance of natural resources (NR) in Indonesia remains marked by structural inequalities that favor large corporations, while indigenous and local communities are marginalized from access, management rights, and equitable benefit-sharing. Although the Constitution and several laws mandate social justice and ecological sustainability, NR governance practices tend to focus on exploitation and investment acceleration, sacrificing environmental protection and meaningful public participation. This study employs a normative juridical approach to analyze weaknesses in sectoral regulations, overlapping authorities, and their implications for the rights of local communities. Drawing on Satjipto Rahardjo’s progressive justice theory, it offers a reformulation of the concept of “controlled by the state” in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution as a trustee mandate, rather than a monopoly, placing humans, the environment, and justice as the primary orientation. The proposed legal transformation strategies include revising NR regulations, implementing the Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) principle, strengthening community-based management models, recognizing the rights of nature, and establishing participatory oversight mechanisms. This approach is expected to dismantle unequal power relations and direct NR governance toward ecological sustainability, community empowerment, and intergenerational benefit equity.

Bagian Sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia telah mengalami perubahan substansial sebagai akibat dari kemajuan teknologi informasi, terutama dengan diperkenalkannya Aplikasi Berkas Pidana Elektronik Terpadu (E-Berpadu). Tujuan penerapan sistem peradilan pidana elektronik ini adalah untuk mempromosikan gagasan keadilan yang cepat, mudah, dan terjangkau sekaligus meningkatkan efektivitas, akuntabilitas, dan transparansi proses persidangan. Namun pada kenyataannya, masih terdapat sejumlah masalah hukum, teknologi, dan sumber daya manusia dalam implementasi E-Berpadu di wilayah hukum Pengadilan Tinggi Medan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatasi tantangan dan keterbatasan tersebut serta menawarkan solusi untuk meningkatkan implementasi sistem perdagangan elektronik.

This study aims to analyze the political strategies implemented by the Partai Keadilan Sejahtera faction in advocating community aspirations within the North Sumatra Provincial Regional House of Representatives. The research employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with Hannah May Lisa as a PKS staff member and Riduansyah as a faction expert staff at the DPRD Secretariat of North Sumatra. The results indicate that the PKS faction’s political strategy in advocating public aspirations involves several stages: gathering community aspirations through recess activities and direct communication with constituents, internal faction discussions to determine priority issues, and political communication and collaboration with other factions and the regional government. In addition, the role of faction expert staff is essential in providing policy analysis and supporting data for the decision-making process. Therefore, faction political strategies play an important role in ensuring that public aspirations are accommodated in regional public policies.

The principle of justice constitutes the core of debates regarding the permissibility of polygamy in Islamic law; however, the standards used to assess justice in judicial practice still vary between countries. This study comparatively examines how the Malaysian Syariah Court and the Indonesian Religious Court implement the concept of justice as the primary requirement for granting polygamy permits in judicial practice. The research employs a comparative legal approach and normative-juridical analysis of court decisions and statutory regulations applicable in both countries. The findings reveal that although both judicial systems refer to Qur’an Surah An-Nisa verse 3 as the normative foundation, significant differences exist in the mechanisms for proving justice, the consideration of the interests of existing wives, and the role of judges in assessing the feasibility of polygamy applications. Malaysia tends to apply a more structured standard of justice through strict technical regulations, while Indonesia provides broader judicial discretion by considering sociological aspects. Both countries also face similar challenges in translating immaterial justice into objective, consistent, and measurable legal decisions.

This study analyzes the gap between legal certainty and justice in patent protection in Indonesia through a case study of the transfer of patent rights for the Spider Nest Construction. The problem formulation includes two things. First, what is the form of distortion of legal certainty in the transfer of patent rights. Second, how is the violation of the inventor's moral and economic rights and the institutional factors that cause it. The method used is normative juridical with a statutory, case, conceptual, and comparative approach. The results of the study indicate that the distortion of legal certainty occurs because the registration of the transfer of rights only uses a Power of Attorney without an authentic deed, which violates Article 11 of the Patent Law. In addition, the unilateral action of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property to freeze and revoke the freezing of patents without a court decision violates Article 132 of the Patent Law. Violation of moral rights is manifested in the form of false attribution in the JALLA patent. Economic rights are ignored through embezzlement of royalties. The peak of injustice is the accusation of plagiarism against the original inventor for his own development invention. Inhibiting factors include institutional weaknesses within the Directorate General of Intellectual Property, excessive judicial intervention, low human resource capacity, regulatory disharmony, and an unsupportive legal culture. Strengthening strategies include institutional reform, revision of the Patent Law, ratification of international conventions, digitalization, international certification, and the establishment of a specialized intellectual property court. In conclusion, without strengthening integrated intellectual property legal policy, the gap between procedural legal certainty and substantive justice will continue to weaken the national innovation ecosystem.