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Civic Education (PPKn) serves as an essential foundation for cultivating students’ moral character and citizenship values at the elementary level. This study examines the role of PPKn in shaping the noble character of Grade 2 students at SD Negeri 2 Pereng, identifies existing challenges in its implementation, and proposes strategies for improvement. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through classroom observations and interviews with the Grade 2 teacher. The findings show that PPKn contributes significantly to developing students’ discipline, responsibility, cooperation, politeness, and patriotism through structured routines such as daily prayers, class duties, simple deliberation activities, and flag ceremonies. The teacher’s modeling and guidance further reinforce value internalization. However, limited audiovisual media, uneven literacy skills, and classroom management issues hinder optimal implementation. Effective solutions include simplifying learning materials, utilizing accessible visual media, strengthening teacher facilitation, and enhancing collaboration between school and parents. Overall, PPKn remains vital in supporting character development when supported by adequate strategies and consistent habituation.

This study aims to describe the implementation of Islamic values sourced from children's stories in the Qur'an in learning and habituation activities at Yahdina Panyabungan Kindergarten. A descriptive qualitative approach was used with observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results showed that teachers used the story of Prophet Yusuf, Prophet Ismail, and the story of Luqman to convey the values of honesty, patience, and obedience to parents. These values are internalised through the storytelling method, daily habituation such as praying together, memorising hadith, and sharing activities. The main obstacle in this implementation is the lack of focus of some children during the activities. This research shows the importance of the narrative approach and habituation in instilling Islamic values from an early age.

This article aims to explore the implementation of character education through literacy activities in primary schools. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study method of a number of relevant previous studies. Data were collected through document analysis and scientific articles, especially those discussing the integration of literacy and character values in primary school settings. The results of the study show that the implementation of literacy activities, such as reading 15 minutes before lessons, managing reading corners in the classroom and involving teachers and parents in reading habituation, can instill character values such as discipline, responsibility, cooperation and love of reading. Literacy activities not only play a role in improving students' literacy skills but are also effective in building a school culture that supports holistic character strengthening.

Qur’anic literacy plays a strategic role in shaping students’ character in Islamic educational institutions, particularly at TPQ and RTQ. This study aims to analyze how Qur’anic literacy contributes to strengthening children’s moral, spiritual, and social values in both formal and non-formal educational contexts. Employing a qualitative approach through an extensive literature review, the research synthesizes findings from previous studies on Qur’an-based character education, emphasizing the multidimensional nature of literacy that goes beyond reading and memorization. Qur’anic literacy encompasses understanding, internalizing, and applying Qur’anic teachings in daily behavior and decision-making processes. The results indicate that several interrelated factors influence this process, including habituation through regular practice, exemplary role models provided by parents, teachers, and community leaders, as well as the role of the social environment in reinforcing values. Furthermore, constructive implementation of rewards and sanctions is found to be effective in sustaining children’s motivation and discipline. Early habituation of reading, memorizing, and reflecting on the Qur’an has been proven to nurture positive traits such as responsibility, honesty, empathy, and social awareness. The study highlights that Qur’anic literacy is not only a pedagogical tool but also a holistic instrument of character formation that aligns spiritual values with modern educational challenges. These findings affirm the necessity of optimizing Qur’anic literacy programs through synergy among families, schools, and communities, ensuring that children grow into religious, virtuous, and resilient individuals. Ultimately, Qur’anic literacy serves as a foundation for building a generation that is intellectually capable, spiritually grounded, and socially responsible in contributing positively to society and addressing global challenges.

This study aims to explore the concept of habituation in Islamic education as an effective strategy for shaping the character of elementary school students. Through a library research approach, this study analyzes relevant principles of Islamic education and their application in the context of modern education. The findings reveal that habituation based on Islamic values, such as honesty, discipline, responsibility, and tolerance, significantly impacts character development in students. Consistently implemented habituation methods, through exemplary practices and daily routines, have proven effective in internalizing these values. Innovations in habituation, such as the integration of digital technology, Qur'anic literacy, and flagship tahfidzul Qur'an programs, strengthen the implementation of character education in elementary schools. However, challenges such as limited resources, parental involvement, and technological adaptation require strategic solutions, including teacher training and multi-stakeholder collaboration. This study emphasizes that habituation in Islamic education is not only relevant but also adaptable to the needs of modern education, making it a transformational strategy for shaping a generation with noble character, knowledge, and integrity.

Habituation programs and teacher training are efforts to improve the quality of education in building a school environment with character. Improving the quality of education continues to experience changes and developments along with advances in time and technology. This research analyzes efforts to improve the quality of education at SMP Negeri 9 Bandung through optimizing teacher training programs and student habituation. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach through interviews and observations. This research aims to describe a strategy, implementation and also the results of a program to improve the quality of education at the junior high school level. The teacher training program is designed to improve teachers' technical competence and soft skills, especially in the use of learning technology. This aims to improve the quality of teaching and adapt to technological developments. Meanwhile, the student habituation program focuses on character building, such as literacy, environmental cleanliness, sports and religious activities, to foster discipline and a sense of caring. Schools also utilize technology in learning, such as using projectors and smartphones to support computer-based interactions and assessments. Apart from that, collaboration with the community and parents of students is also very important in supporting educational activities, including providing a budget for the Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile (P5) Project activities. This holistic approach creates a conducive and quality learning environment, which has a positive impact on educational outcomes and the achievement of national education goals.

This research discusses the impact of the School Literacy Movement (GLS) at MAN 1 Pandeglang to increase students' interest in reading and literacy skills through literacy outreach every Wednesday morning. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through interviews, observation and documentation. The results show that GLS is implemented in three stages: Habituation, Development, and Learning. Even though there is support from various parties, challenges such as a lack of reading materials and the performance of the school literacy team are obstacles. This research recommends improving facilities and program evaluation to support the success of GLS. With that, the writing of this article will discuss the problem statement: 1) What is the meaning of the School Literacy Movement (GLS) 2) How is the School Literacy Movement (GLS) implemented. 3) What is the impact of the Literacy program on MAN 1 Pandeglang students and students?

Early literacy materials can give a person softness of heart, critical thinking skills and creative understanding. The purpose of this study was to understand the ways in which teachers teach group B children aged 5-6 years about the concept of reading and to identify factors that may hinder the successful implementation of these strategies. This study utilized a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data was collected by conducting observations, interviews and documentation. The research noted that teachers apply a variety of strategies in introducing core reading concepts including; whiteboard media as an opener, coloring as a habituation in recognizing letters, letter guessing games with smart wall media, storytelling, stage books. The implementation of these strategies has been quite optimally done at Ra Al-Kamal because the teachers are very enthusiastic and fast so that the learning process is carried out conducively. 

The pedagogical competence of Catholic religious education teachers in implementing the School Literacy Movement (SLM) is crucial for enhancing students' literacy skills, which contribute to character development. This study aims to describe the implementation of the pedagogical competence of Catholic religious education teachers in the school literacy movement at SD Negeri 004 Datah Bilang Ulu. This qualitative study employed interviews, observations, and documentation to collect data from 10 informants, consisting of Catholic religious education teachers, homeroom teachers, the principal, and students. The collected data were analyzed using interactive analysis, starting from data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the implementation of the pedagogical competence of Catholic STRATEGI PEMASARAN YANG DILAKUKAN DI PLAZA TUNJUNGAN III SURABAYA DALAM MEMASARKAN SEMUA PRODUKNYA 2 Lumen - VOLUME 1, NO. 1, JUNI 2022 religious education teachers in SLM includes: (1) literacy guidance outside of school, (2) extending literacy learning to the home, (3) introducing basic literacy, and (4) using creative teaching methods. This shows that Catholic religious education teachers are capable of understanding students' learning characteristics, using diverse and adaptive teaching methods, and communicating effectively to facilitate efficient learning in supporting students' literacy skills. However, based on the evaluation results, the SLM program at this school is still in its initial implementation phase or habituation phase. This indicates that the school is not yet fully prepared to implement SLM comprehensively, primarily due to a lack of resources, the roles of teachers, the principal, and community participation that have not been maximized, as well as the need for increased government support. This means that while the school is committed, it has not yet implemented it according to the established guidelines and has not reached the stage of providing innovations and becoming a driver for advancing SLM.

The pedagogical competence of Catholic religious education teachers in implementing the School Literacy Movement (SLM) is crucial for enhancing students' literacy skills, which contribute to character development. This study aims to describe the implementation of the pedagogical competence of Catholic religious education teachers in the school literacy movement at SD Negeri 004 Datah Bilang Ulu. This qualitative study employed interviews, observations, and documentation to collect data from 10 informants, consisting of Catholic religious education teachers, homeroom teachers, the principal, and students. The collected data were analyzed using interactive analysis, starting from data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the implementation of the pedagogical competence of Catholic STRATEGI PEMASARAN YANG DILAKUKAN DI PLAZA TUNJUNGAN III SURABAYA DALAM MEMASARKAN SEMUA PRODUKNYA 2 Lumen - VOLUME 1, NO. 1, JUNI 2022 religious education teachers in SLM includes: (1) literacy guidance outside of school, (2) extending literacy learning to the home, (3) introducing basic literacy, and (4) using creative teaching methods. This shows that Catholic religious education teachers are capable of understanding students' learning characteristics, using diverse and adaptive teaching methods, and communicating effectively to facilitate efficient learning in supporting students' literacy skills. However, based on the evaluation results, the SLM program at this school is still in its initial implementation phase or habituation phase. This indicates that the school is not yet fully prepared to implement SLM comprehensively, primarily due to a lack of resources, the roles of teachers, the principal, and community participation that have not been maximized, as well as the need for increased government support. This means that while the school is committed, it has not yet implemented it according to the established guidelines and has not reached the stage of providing innovations and becoming a driver for advancing SLM.

This research aims to describe the implementation of literacy culture programs in elementary schools. This research uses a qualitative phenomenological approach. The subjects were school principals, teachers, students selected using purposive sampling techniques. Test the validity of the data using triangulation techniques by comparing the results of observations, interviews and documentation. The research results show that: 1) The policy of implementing a literacy culture in elementary schools using the government's School Literacy Movement program. This is based on Minister of Education and Culture Regulation no. 23 of 2015 which focuses on character development. (2) Implementation of literacy culture in elementary schools. This is based on the habituation stage which involves 10 minutes of reading the Koran and story books before learning. The activity development stage carried out was responding to the contents of reading books by reading independently, giving appreciation to students' literacy achievements, and having a school literacy team. The learning stage involves getting used to reading textbooks and using various strategies that support learning.  

Education is a process of developing all aspects of human life including knowledge, skills and character values. Western paradigms that enter Indonesia need to be sorted out, especially cultural deviations and Pancasila values. Strengthening character education seeks to shape student character to integrate Pancasila values, in order to create a generation with character, nationalist spirit, and global competence. The independent curriculum aims to realize Pancasila students through the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile which is divided into six dimensions, namely faith, devotion to God Almighty and noble character, critical thinking, global diversity, independence, creativity, and mutual cooperation. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was done through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the implementation of student character education at SDN 2 Balerejo was carried out through learning activities, extracurricular activities, habituation, and the Student Character Education Strengthening Project. Supporting factors include school commitment, parental support and active student participation. However, there are some obstacles such as the lack of literacy, students' interest and willingness, and the low role of parents. This study suggests increasing school program innovation, improving parental support, and optimizing the learning process. Thus, it is expected that the Pancasila Student Profile can effectively shape students' character in accordance with the values of Pancasila and can be actualized in daily activities.

This research departs from the phenomenon that occurred in Islamic boarding schools that are still not strong in developing a literacy culture in creating a generation that is waiting through educational leadership. The purpose of this research is to find out the literacy culture for students in the digital era, literacy facilitation for students and the impact of literacy culture for students at the Sirojut Tholibin Plosokandang Islamic boarding school.  The methods used in this service activity are the lecture method, question and answer method, and discussion method. The cottage-based literacy movement is carried out in three stages, namely the habituation stage, the development stage, and the learning stage.  The results of the implementation of service at Sirojut Tholibin Plosokandang related to literacy culture in this all-digital era can be held properly and smoothly in accordance with the work program that has been prepared. The purpose of this work program is so that Indonesian youth, especially students in Sirojut Tholibin Plosokandang, do not abandon the reading culture even though the times are increasingly sophisticated, especially in social media. Utilizing the technology they have for positive things for future provisions. Continue to develop a literate culture so that it can create a work that can be enjoyed by the general public. And the hope is that in the future when they become alumni students, they will be able to compete with the outside world. That is the hope of the community service implementation team and the caregivers of Sirojut Tholibin Plosokandang.

This study aims to determine and examine the implementation of the School Literacy Movement program at SMPK St. Mikhael Brai-Watugong. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques used observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results showed that the implementation of the School Literacy Movement program at SMPK St Mikhael Brai-Watugong has been running in accordance with the guidelines for the School Literacy Movement set by the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) which consists of three stages, namely the habituation stage where students start reading habits for 15 minutes before the learning process begins, the development stage where students keep a daily literacy journal to prove that students have carried out literacy activities, and the learning stage where students read not only with books from the library but also from other media such as magazines, newspapers, and the internet. The supporting factors for the implementation of the School Literacy Movement program at SMPK St Mikhael Brai-Watugong are cooperation between school members, supervision of literacy activities, and facilities and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors for the implementation of the School Literacy Movement program are the lack of students' interest in reading and the lack of reading books available at school.    

The purpose of this observation activity is to see the development and application of basic literacy in elementary schools. In compiling this article, a pedescriptive type of research was carried out using a qualitative approach, to obtain an overview of the implementation of basic literacy in elementary schools. Based on the results of interviews conducted by group 6 with school principals, teachers and students at SDN 138 and SDN 190 Pekanbaru, regarding how the implementation of basic literacy is implemented in elementary schools and how programs are implemented to improve basic literacy in two schools, namely Public Elementary School 138 and Public Elementary School 193 Pekanbaru, found similarities and differences in the implementation of basic literacy in these two schools. As for the explanation of the stages of the school literacy movement, the first is the habituation stage. At this stage it can be done by getting used to reading for approximately 15 minutes before learning. To support this activity, of course, schools are expected to be able to provide books other than textbooks and other reading materials so that students are interested in reading. Second, is the development stage, which is the next stage after reading habits begin to form, the development of students' literacy skills can be carried out through various literacy activities.

This study aims to analyse the implementation of literacy programs in three primary schools, namely SDN 8 Bandar Laksamana, SDN 14 Teluk Mesjid and SDN 92 Pekanbaru. The research method used was observation and document analysis of literacy activities conducted by these schools. The results show that the three schools have implemented various types of literacy, such as literacy in reading and writing, digital literacy, science literacy, financial literacy, numeracy literacy and cultural-civic literacy. Through habituation, development and learning, students are given the opportunity to develop literacy skills holistically. Keywords relevant to this study are literacy, literacy program, primary school, observation, document analysis. This study shows that the successful implementation of literacy programs is supported by the commitment and efforts of schools in providing varied literacy experiences and actively involving students. The literacy programs help students improve their skills in reading, writing, using digital technology, understanding science, managing finances, understanding mathematics, and appreciating culture and citizenship. The findings provide important insights for educators and policy makers in improving the quality of basic education and students' literacy development.

This thesis aims to: 1) find out the implementation of strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo; 2) to find out about programs of Islamic religious and moral education activities at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo; 3) to find out strategies for strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo; 4) to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo.This thesis uses a qualitative research approach where the type of research is descriptive. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, interviews and documentation. As for data analysis using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.The results showed that: 1) The implementation of strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals at SMA Negeri 1 Wonosobo is carried out almost every day and routinely, as a habituation activity to shape the character of students with noble character. 2) Programs to strengthen the learning of Islamic religious education and morals consist of routine daily programs, namely: congregational prayers, weekly routine programs, namely: Friday prayers, women's affairs, religious literacy every Friday morning, and KKI activities (Islamic study groups), and programs annual routine, namely: Maulid Nabi, isro' Mi'raj, and Ramadhan Islamic Boarding School. 3) Strategies carried out by the school in increasing student motivation using various models of methods, including lectures, discussions and questions and answers, and through pamphlets and social media. 4) The supporting and inhibiting factors of strengthening the learning of Islamic religious education and morals make the benchmark for the success of activities carried out in schools.

The purpose of this paper is to (1) describe the concepts of literacy in elementary schools, (2) describe the implementation of literacy activities in elementary schools, (3) describe the problems of literacy movement in the field in elementary schools. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The method used in this research is literature review and observation. The results showed that literacy activities at SD Negeri 2 Palangka were implemented in three stages, namely the habituation stage, the development stage and the learning stage. However, the implementation of the literacy movement program in schools, especially in SD Negeri 2 Palangka, is not free from various problems. Based on observations, these problems come from 2 factors, that is called internal factors and external factors. The internal factors that cause problems in the literacy movement in SD Negeri 2 Palangka include the readiness of students, infrastructure and availability of funds. Meanwhile, the external factors that cause problems in literacy movement activities in SD Negeri 2 Palangka include community support and government support.