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This study conducts a pragmatic analysis of the dialogue between characters in Ernest Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea," utilizing Grice's Cooperative Principle as a theoretical framework. By examining the interactions between Santiago and Manolin, the research highlights how conversational maxims: Quality, Quantity, Relation, and Manner shape their communication. The analysis reveals that while both characters generally adhere to these principles, occasional deviations occur, reflecting their emotional connections and the complexities of their relationship. This investigation not only enhances understanding of the characters' dynamics but also underscores the broader implications of pragmatic theory in literary dialogue. Ultimately, the findings demonstrate that effective communication transcends mere information exchange, emphasizing the importance of fostering relationships and emotional understanding in human interactions.  

Heresy is a theological term that refers to teachings or doctrines that are rejected by church authorities because they are considered inconsistent with biblical truth. The term comes from the Greek word haíresis, which was originally neutral but has a negative connotation in the Christian context because it refers to deviations from official church teachings. Over time, heretics were seen as threats to church authority because they taught something different from the official interpretation entrusted to the church under the guidance of the Holy Spirit. The Ark Movement, as a contemporary example, shows how different interpretations can be considered heretical by church authorities. Although active in its ministry, this movement was accused of teaching doctrines that were inconsistent with biblical truth, as well as manipulating the Word of God to fulfill personal ambitions and interests. Therefore, it is important to conduct an in-depth theological study of these teachings that are considered heretical, to ensure harmony with biblical teachings and prevent doctrinal distortions that can damage the community of faith. Without a systematic effort to strengthen correct theological understanding, the risk of heresy and division within the community becomes greater.

This study aimed to determine whether there is an Effect of Matching Board Games on the Color Recognition Skills in Children Aged 4-5 Years at TK Negeri Pembina Ki Hajar Dewantoro, Dungingi Subdistrict. This study used a quantitative experimental method. The research findings involving 15 children revealed that there was an increase in the results of the Pre-test and Post-Test. In this case, it was observable from the Pre-test data obtaining an average value of 16.06 and a standard deviation of 2.604 and the Post-Test data was with an average value of 21 and a standard deviation of 3.461. in reference to these findings, the respondents who were samples in this study obtained an increase in average results from the pre-test to the post-test.

Social and economic welfare reflects the quality of life in a region and is influenced by local social, economic, and environmental factors. East Java, as the second most populous province in Indonesia, faces challenges in improving the welfare of its residents, particularly due to varying regional characteristics such as employment, education, and population demographics. To understand the patterns of interrelationships among factors affecting welfare, this study conducted a klaster analysis to group regions based on similar characteristics. The klaster analysis employed both hierarchical (complete linkage) and non-hierarchical (K-means) approaches to determine the optimal number of klasters. The results revealed that the level of diversity across regions in East Java tends to be homogeneous in social and economic aspects, with average values exceeding standard deviations. Assumption tests for the klaster analysis confirmed that the data met the assumptions of multivariate normal distribution and dependency.Through hierarchical (complete linkage) and non-hierarchical (K-means) klaster analysis, two main klasters were formed, dividing districts/cities in East Java based on welfare characteristics. Using the complete linkage method, 27 regions were grouped into klaster 1, and 11 regions into klaster 2, while K-means grouped 26 regions into klaster 1 and 12 regions into klaster 2. Out of the six variables used, one variable was found to be insignificant in influencing the klastering results. Based on the mapping results, the grouping aligns with similar criteria, where urban areas predominantly fall into one klaster, and the other klaster is dominated by rural areas.

Human communication can be carried out through the use of language. Indonesian is not merely a tool for communication but also a unifying force for the Indonesian people. A language that adheres to its rules without deviation in many aspects is the official language of Indonesia and is used as a form of verbal or written communication, both formal and informal. The Indonesian people should be proud to have a language that can represent their feelings and thoughts. The existence of the Indonesian language in its current condition demands that the identity of the Indonesian language be cultivated and socialized by every Indonesian citizen. Mastering and loving the national language as an Indonesian citizen who loves the homeland is a matter of pride, identity, and a hallmark of Indonesia, as it is the language of unity. Even though you have learned foreign languages, it does not mean that you immediately forget the Indonesian language and its prestige. With our language of unity, which is Indonesian, loving and using Indonesian in accordance with language rules and maintaining it is an implication for preserving the existence of Indonesian through linguistic attitudes.

The current research examines the interactive role of brand love in its dimensions (brand passion, brand familiarity, brand commitment) and obsession with brand in the customer-oriented deviation represented in (financial motives, ego motives, motives of revenge), and accordingly, the opinions of some customers towards some tourism and travel companies have been surveyed by five companies (Bright Light Company for Tourism and Travel, and Al-Mohib Company for Tourism and Travel,  And the Banner Summit Company for Travel and Tourism, Al-Shams International Company, and Icor Company) for the period (June to late August 2024) and customers showed great cooperation by responding to the paragraphs of the study tool, Accordingly, (593) opinions were collected from the opinions of customers dealing with these companies, and the descriptive analytical approach was adopted in building and interpreting the study variables through the use of statistical packages for the program (SPSS&AMOS). V.28) The results presented that the interactive role of brand love and obsession with tourism companies is closely related to addressing customer-oriented deviation and this motivated these companies to develop their capabilities by providing comfort, air conditioning and distinctive services, but in theory the research has shown a conceptual relationship between brand love and obsession with customer-oriented deviation through what was presented by some previous studies.

Islamic banking in Indonesia has experienced significant growth alongside increasing public interest in financial products that comply with Islamic principles. However, in practice, there are still challenges that prevent Islamic banking products and services from fully meeting Sharia standards. Some of the issues include the use of wadiah contracts in current accounts, which deviate from their original concept of safekeeping; the application of murabahah contracts for financing consumptive goods, which contradicts their intended purpose; the frequent misuse of ijarah muntahia bit tamlik (IMBT) contracts for speculative purposes; and mudharabah contracts with unfair profit-sharing ratios. Additionally, factors such as a lack of understanding of Islamic finance, competitive pressure from conventional banks, inadequate supervision, and differing interpretations of Sharia law further hinder the implementation of fully Sharia-compliant products and services. To resolve these challenges, various efforts are needed, including enhancing the quality of human resources through education and training, implementing stricter supervision by relevant authorities, developing clearer and more comprehensive operational standards, and fostering closer collaboration with Islamic scholars for accurate legal guidance. These steps are expected to help Islamic banking fully adhere to Sharia principles, increase public trust, and support the growth of the Islamic finance industry.

The purpose of this study is to show how much green finance—which includes investments in renewable energy, sustainable infrastructure, green technology, social investment, and green bonds—can help a sample of Iraqi bank employees achieve sustainable financial performance, including accounting, marketing, and comprehensive performance. The research problem was that the banking system and the government must work together effectively to provide the required financial tools, such as low-cost bank loans and exemptions from environmental taxes, in order to achieve sustainable financial performance and make the shift to a green economy. By examining the connection between these factors, two primary hypotheses were created to gauge the degree of influence and linkage. The primary instrument for gathering information pertaining to the field component of the study was the questionnaire form. There were 179 people in the sample. The study included a variety of statistical techniques, including standard deviations, arithmetic averages, and structural equation modeling with the aid of statistical tools (spss.var.29, amos.var.26). The most significant of the conclusions drawn was that green financing has a morally beneficial effect on sustainable financial performance.

The budget is an important tool in the managerial decision making process. As a structured financial guide, budgets help managers plan, coordinate and control company resources. Through budget preparation, managers can determine cost requirements, allocate resources effectively, and set financial targets that support the achievement of organizational goals. Additionally, budgets serve as performance evaluation tools, allowing managers to compare actual results with projections, identify deviations, and take necessary corrective actions. Using the right budget also helps management reduce health risks, increase operational efficiency, and ensure that strategic decisions are based on measurable and accountable information. Thus, the budget plays a crucial role in supporting a more rational and focused decision-making process.

This analysis discussed the Taboo Words Used in Murder Mystery 2 Movie. The objectives of this study are to identify and describe the types and the functions of taboo words used in Murder Mystery 2 movie and to determine the most frequently used categories of the types and the functions of taboo words. Data were collected using note-taking and observation techniques. Mix method is used to categorize the types and functions of taboo words and determine their frequency. The results of discussion found seven types of taboo words with 175 occurrences taboo words. The most frequently used type is religious taboo (57.1%), predominantly involving the use of the word “god” with 82 occurrences, followed by scatological references and disgusting objects (21.1%), insulting references to perceived psychological, physical, and social deviations (11.4%), offensive slang (5.7%), sexual references (2.2%), animal names (1.7%), and ancestral allusions (0.5%). There are three functions of taboo words identified with 177 occurrences. The main function is to achieve personal outcomes (71.8%), primarily to intensify negative emotions, with 91 occurrences, followed by intensifying positive emotions and catharsis, each with 18 occurrences. Other functions include achieving interpersonal outcomes (17.5%), inconsequential outcomes (9.6%), and literal or denotative use (1.1%).

PE learning in schools will be optimal if the available facilities and infrastructure are adequate and the learning process focuses on the needs of students, of course, on the kasti ball game material. There are several factors that are obstacles, namely from the students themselves such as fear in doing blows, lack of confidence. This study aims to determine the effect of the modification of hitting aids and balls on the ability of hitting and throwing skills in the game of kasti ball for grade 6 students of SDN Gading 1 Surabaya. Data collection was carried out through student skill tests by providing modifications to batting aids and balls to determine the improvement of hitting skills in students. Data analysis uses descriptive statistical tests in the form of averages, standard deviations, variances, and inferential statistics using normality tests, t-tests, and improvement measurements. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that there was an increase in the ability of hitting skills in the game of kasti ball by more than 90% after being given modifications of batting aids and balls to students.

This research aims to determine whether flashcard play affects the ability to recognize Hijaiyah letters in Group B children at Raudhatul Athfal Almourky, Telaga District, Gorontalo Regency. The research used a quantitative experimental method (one group pretest-posttest design). Based on a sample of 20 children, the results improved from the pre-test to the post-test scores. The pre-test data had an average score of 17.4 and a standard deviation of 4.805, while the post-test data showed an average score of 35.4 and a standard deviation of 4.357. These results demonstrate a significant effect before and after the intervention. Based on the statistical test output, the significance test showed a t-count of 6.81, greater than the t-table of 2.093. Therefore, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus, the research hypothesis states that flashcard play has a significant effect on the ability to recognize Hijaiyah letters in Group B children at Raudhatul Athfal Almourky, Telaga District, Gorontalo Regency.

The current research aims to measure the impact of applying digital transformation represented by (technologies, digitization of operations, databases, human cadres) on the effectiveness of accounting information represented by (appropriateness of accounting information, and reliability of accounting information), among a sample of employees in private banks in Baghdad Governorate, with a strength of (183) employees. In order to achieve the research objective, the questionnaire was adopted to collect data related to the research variables, and the descriptive analytical approach was adopted in the research and then analyzed by adopting some statistical methods such as (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, linear correlation coefficient, simple and multiple regression coefficient), and the results were reached using statistical programs such as (SPSS.V.29) and (Amos.V.26) to analyze the data to reach the conclusions, the most prominent of which was that digital transformation contributes to completing routine operations, reducing the time required to complete tasks, increasing accuracy in operations, and reducing human errors through the use of digital systems.

The current research aims to measure the impact of strategic vigilance through its dimensions (strategic vigilance, competitive vigilance, technological vigilance, environmental vigilance) on strategic success in its dimensions (survival, growth, adaptation), and the problem of the study is defined in the following question: What is the role of strategic vigilance in achieving strategic success? The aim of the study came to identify the role that strategic vigilance can play in achieving strategic success. The questionnaire form was distributed to a sample of lecturers at Samarra University, with a strength of (88) lecturers. The research used a descriptive analytical approach, which was followed by statistical methods like arithmetic mean, standard deviation, linear correlation coefficient, simple and multiple regression coefficient, and statistical programs like SPSS.V.29 and Amos.V.26 to analyze the data and draw conclusions. The most notable of these claims was that strategic vigilance influences strategic success.

This study seeks to examine the role of responsibility accounting in cost control, with a focus on cost centers. Responsibility accounting helps organizations control costs by assigning cost responsibility to each cost center manager. Through this system, costs incurred can be monitored, controlled and reported accurately. This study uses a literature review method from various empirical studies that examine The implementation of responsibility accounting in the responsibility accounting process is underway public and private sectors. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of responsibility accounting is effective in cost centers is able to increase operational efficiency and minimize budget deviations. However, challenges in separating controlled and uncontrolled costs as well as limited organizational structures in some companies are still obstacles to the effectiveness of cost control. This study highlights the importance of cost segregation and active management participation in budgeting to improve cost center performance.

This study, utilizing MindMeister, aims to examine the impact of using the mind mapping technique on the ability of 7th-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Parbuluan to retell the content of a narrative text they have read. The research population consisted of 172 7th-grade students, with a sample size of 56 students divided into two groups: a control class and an experimental class, each comprising 28 students. The research employed a quantitative method with a true experimental design. The research instrument was a performance test, and the data were analyzed using a t-test. Based on the results, the average score of students’ ability to narrate the content of a narrative text using the close reading technique was 62.21, with a standard deviation of 6.33, which falls into the “poor” category. Meanwhile, the students’ ability to retell the narrative text using the mind mapping technique with the assistance of MindMeister was 80.07, categorized as “good,” with a standard deviation of 5.48. The data indicated an improvement in the average scores between the control class, which used the intensive reading technique, and the experimental class, which applied the mind mapping technique. Through hypothesis testing, it was found that Thitung > Ttabel, thus rejecting H0 and accepting H1. This means that the use of the mind mapping technique with the help of MindMeister positively influences the ability of 7th-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Parbuluan to retell narrative texts.

This study, utilizing MindMeister, aims to examine the impact of using the mind mapping technique on the ability of 7th-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Parbuluan to retell the content of a narrative text they have read. The research population consisted of 172 7th-grade students, with a sample size of 56 students divided into two groups: a control class and an experimental class, each comprising 28 students. The research employed a quantitative method with a true experimental design. The research instrument was a performance test, and the data were analyzed using a t-test. Based on the results, the average score of students’ ability to narrate the content of a narrative text using the close reading technique was 62.21, with a standard deviation of 6.33, which falls into the “poor” category. Meanwhile, the students’ ability to retell the narrative text using the mind mapping technique with the assistance of MindMeister was 80.07, categorized as “good,” with a standard deviation of 5.48. The data indicated an improvement in the average scores between the control class, which used the intensive reading technique, and the experimental class, which applied the mind mapping technique. Through hypothesis testing, it was found that Thitung > Ttabel, thus rejecting H0 and accepting H1. This means that the use of the mind mapping technique with the help of MindMeister positively influences the ability of 7th-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Parbuluan to retell narrative texts.

Chronic kidney failure patients experience excess fluid, so fluid restrictions are needed. Fluid restrictions in hemodialysis patients cause dry mouth.  The dry mouth experienced by the patient can cause high thirst, high thirst can cause non-compliance with a fluid restricted diet. As a result of limiting fluid intake carried out ini hemodialysis patients, it results in a feeling of thirst which causes the patient to have the desire to drink. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of giving slimber ice on the intensity of thirst in patients with chornic kidney failure undergoing hemmodialysis. This research uses one group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique is purposive sampling with a total of 20 respondents. The instrument used in this research is the Visual Analogue Scale fo Assessment of Thirst Intensity. The research results showed that the average thirst intensity score of patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing pre-intervention hemodialysis was 4.80, standard deviation 1,936, and post test intervention 3.10,, standard deviation 1,410. The result of statistical tests show that there is an effect of giving slimber ice on the intensity of thirst in patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis. The results of the paired t-test, obtain p value = 0.001. This intervention can be a form of therapeutic management that can be applied to reduce complaints of thirst at home or in hospital.

Education plays an important role in shaping learners' competencies, including cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects to face the challenges of the times. In Indonesia, education should look at holistic aspects that include character development, life skills and social abilities as mandated in Law No. 20/2003. However, challenges in classroom management and learning boredom often become obstacles. For this reason, innovative approaches are needed, such as the use of interactive learning media. This study aims to examine the effect of using Fun Learning Card media on the learning outcomes of grade XI students at SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya. This media is expected to significantly increase student participation and understanding, overcome boredom, and create more meaningful learning. By using descriptive statistical analysis techniques, standard deviation, and learning outcome categories, the following results were found before using the learning media in cycle 1 with an average score of 49.6. The score was obtained from the lowest score of 35 and the highest score of 70, then also obtained a standard deviation score (P) of 10.2. In cycle 2 using Fun Learning Card media, the highest score was 97 while the lowest score was 76 with an average score of 85.4 and a standard deviation of 6.3.

The decline in water quality is a serious environmental issue, particularly in urban areas. This research aims to develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based water quality monitoring system using ESP32, pH, TDS, and turbidity sensors. The system is designed to monitor water quality parameters in real-time and transmit data to a cloud platform for further analysis. The system prototype was tested with water samples from various sources, and the results demonstrated high accuracy, with a maximum deviation of ±0.5% compared to laboratory results. Thus, this system offers an efficient and easy-to-implement solution for continuous water quality monitoring, which can aid in water resource management in urban environments.