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Hypertension remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia, including in the Parang Banoa neighborhood, Pallangga District, Gowa Regency. Therefore, this Field Learning Experience (PBL) activity was implemented with the aim of increasing community knowledge about hypertension, particularly regarding its prevention and control. The activity was carried out through several stages, including health education, questionnaires, and blood pressure checks for residents of RT 002 in the Parang Banoa neighborhood. The interventions provided included health education, distribution of educational posters, and blood pressure checks for 11 respondents. Results showed an increase in community knowledge after the intervention. Prior to the education, most respondents had sufficient knowledge (81.8%), with a small proportion having insufficient knowledge (18.2%). However, after the education, all respondents (100%) experienced an increase in knowledge regarding hypertension prevention and control. Therefore, ongoing health education and healthy lifestyle changes, such as reducing salt intake, quitting smoking, and regular exercise, are needed. These efforts are expected to reduce the incidence of hypertension in the Parang Banoa neighborhood and improve overall community health.

Criminal offenses of theft are one of the most frequent forms of crime in society and have wide-ranging impacts, not only on the individual victim but also on legal order and social stability. This study aims to analyze the impact of theft offenses on legal order and social life, while also examining the role of criminal law in addressing such crimes. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach through literature study, observation, and interviews with law enforcement officers and the public. The results of the study show that the prevalence of theft offenses can decrease public safety, weaken public trust in law enforcement agencies, and disturb social order and harmony. Furthermore, theft also leads to a decline in legal compliance and an increase in the potential for vigilante justice. Therefore, consistent, effective, and just law enforcement is required, along with increasing public legal awareness as efforts to maintain legal order and create a safe and orderly social life.

Intensive exploitation of fish for caviar production currently threatens the extinction of sturgeon, one of the ancient fish species. Sturgeon egg harvesting is often carried out in inhumane ways, such as dissecting and killing parent fish, causing the natural sturgeon population to decline. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) regulates the international trade of sturgeon and caviar, but weak law enforcement, high market demand, and widespread illegal trade all exacerbate the conservation status of this species. Conversely, caviar aquaculture, often considered an alternative, raises new bioethical issues, including long-term stress on fish, disease spread, decline in animal health, and the risk of hybridization that could threaten the genetic integrity of sturgeon populations. From a bioethical and environmental ethics perspective, it is difficult to justify the consumption of caviar as a luxury commodity at the expense of ecosystem sustainability and animal welfare. Therefore, sturgeon conservation requires a comprehensive approach that includes reducing consumer demand, improving legislation and enforcement, and preserving and restoring sturgeon's natural habitats.

Abstract. This study analyzed the effectiveness and impact of extracurricular programs at SMP Nurul Huda in Bogor Regency, Indonesia, aiming to identify areas for improvement in fostering holistic student development.  The research employed a qualitative approach, gathering data through interviews with eleven students and one teacher, supplemented by direct observation of extracurricular activities and document review.  Findings revealed that the effectiveness of the four extracurricular programs (scouting, pencak silat, flag raising team, and archery) was moderate, indicating significant room for improvement.  Interviews with students and teachers highlighted the need for enhanced performance in competitions, more structured evaluation methods, and increased oversight from school administration.  To optimize the programs' impact, the study recommends improvements in student performance, more robust evaluation systems, stronger administrative oversight, enhanced resources, and professional development for instructors.  These changes would better support the holistic development of students and contribute to a more effective extracurricular program.   Keywords: effectiveness , extracurricular activities, students   Abstrak. Penelitian ini menganalisis efektivitas dan dampak program ekstrakurikuler di SMP Nurul Huda, Kabupaten Bogor, Indonesia, dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi area peningkatan untuk pengembangan holistik siswa.  Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara dengan sebelas siswa dan satu guru, dilengkapi dengan observasi langsung kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dan peninjauan dokumen.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas empat program ekstrakurikuler (pramuka, pencak silat, paskibra, dan panahan) berada pada tingkat sedang, yang mengindikasikan adanya ruang yang signifikan untuk perbaikan.  Wawancara dengan siswa dan guru menyoroti perlunya peningkatan prestasi dalam kompetisi, metode evaluasi yang lebih terstruktur, dan pengawasan yang lebih ketat dari pihak sekolah.  Untuk mengoptimalkan dampak program, penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan prestasi siswa, sistem evaluasi yang lebih kuat, pengawasan administrasi yang lebih efektif, peningkatan sumber daya, dan pengembangan profesional bagi instruktur.  Perubahan-perubahan ini akan lebih mendukung pengembangan holistik siswa dan berkontribusi pada program ekstrakurikuler yang lebih efektif.   Kata kunci: efektivitas, ekstrakurikuler, siswa  

Education functions as a central pillar in shaping the quality of human capital, encompassing knowledge, skills, and health, and thus plays a significant role in influencing Indonesia’s Human Development Index (HDI). This study employs a qualitative literature review by examining key theoretical frameworks in the economics of education, such as Becker’s Human Capital Theory and Schultz’s investment model, supported by relevant national empirical data. The findings indicate a very strong relationship between education and HDI improvement. This is reflected in a correlation coefficient of 0.943 between education expenditure and Indonesia’s HDI during the 2004–2023 period. The results suggest that an increase in education spending of IDR 1 trillion has the potential to raise the HDI by approximately 0.002 points. These findings confirm that investment in education not only enhances the quality of human resources but also directly contributes to sustainable national development. Despite the positive trend and the achievement of an HDI score of 75.02 in 2024, several challenges persist, particularly regional disparities, unequal access to education, and quality gaps between urban and rural areas. Therefore, more inclusive education policies, equitable access, and strengthened vocational education and training are essential to ensure that the benefits of human capital development are distributed evenly across all regions of Indonesia.

The instability of the climate is becoming increasingly prominent across Southeast Asia, creating uncertainty in agricultural systems that are highly dependent on seasonal weather patterns. Indonesia, where rice remains the primary staple food, is particularly vulnerable to the effects of rising temperatures and rainfall deficits. This study applies the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model to predict rice production while incorporating indicators of extreme climate anomalies. Using publicly available datasets, including FAOSTAT production statistics, NOAA rainfall and temperature anomalies, and climate indices from the World Bank, this model was developed following the Box-Jenkins procedure. Among the configurations tested, the SARIMA model (1,1,1)(0,1,1)₁₂ showed the strongest performance, reflected in a MAPE of 4.62% and low RMSE values. The model indicates that significant El Niño events can reduce annual rice production by 3–7%, while wetter La Niña conditions may support production recovery. These findings highlight the importance of integrating climate-sensitive data into agricultural forecasting. The model presented here could support early warning systems, adaptive farming strategies, and long-term food security planning in Indonesia.

This study analyzes the forms of risk and risk management strategies in melon farming in Brebes as an impact of climate change. A descriptive qualitative approach was applied using a case study through in-depth interviews with a farmer who has more than ten years of experience, supported by secondary data from BPS, BAPPENAS, and related literature. The findings reveal four categories of major risks: market, financial, operational, and socio-environmental. High-level risks include climate variability, yield decline, and pest attacks. Medium-level risks involve production costs, water management, and price fluctuations, while low-level risks consist of limited weather information and agricultural extension services. Current strategies are still basic, including fertilization, pesticide application, and water channel arrangement. Strengthening adaptation is needed through irrigation technology, climate-resilient varieties, marketing diversification, and improved access to information and institutional support.

This study aims to analyze the impact of business combinations through acquisition on the financial performance of PT Sarana Menara Nusantara Tbk. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach, focusing on the acquiring firm in the Indonesian telecommunications infrastructure sector. The data used are secondary data obtained from the company’s annual financial statements for the period 2019–2023, sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the company’s official website. Financial performance is analyzed using Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) by comparing the periods before, during, and after the acquisition conducted in 2021. The results indicate that the acquisition exerted short-term pressure on asset efficiency and profitability, as reflected by the decline in ROA and NPM in the year of acquisition. However, in the post-acquisition period, the company demonstrated an improvement in operational performance, particularly in Net Profit Margin, suggesting that the economic benefits of the business combination gradually materialized. Meanwhile, fluctuations in ROE and DER reflect adjustments in the capital structure following the acquisition. These findings suggest that the success of an acquisition cannot be evaluated solely based on short-term financial performance but requires continuous assessment to capture its medium- and long-term effects. This study provides practical implications for management in formulating post-acquisition integration strategies and contributes empirically to the accounting and finance literature on business combinations in Indonesia.

Divorce is a social phenomenon that is increasingly common and has various social, economic, and psychological impacts, especially for women as the most vulnerable party. Divorce not only results in changes in the legal status of husband and wife, but also affects the emotional condition and social well-being of women after the end of the marriage bond. From an Islamic legal perspective, the 'iddah period functions as a protection mechanism for women after divorce, which aims to maintain honor, ensure clarity of pregnancy conditions, and provide certainty of legal status. However, in practice there are conditions that resemble the 'iddah period without fully fulfilling the formal provisions of Islamic law, known as Syibhul 'Iddah, due to the unclear status of divorce or differences in legal interpretation. This concept has an important role in protecting women's rights, especially regarding livelihood, residence, and legal certainty after divorce. This study uses a library research method with a normative legal approach. Data were collected through a review of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, including the Qur'an and Hadith, Islamic jurisprudence literature, laws and regulations such as the Compilation of Islamic Law, and relevant journals and scholarly works. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively using descriptive-analytical methods to examine the concept of Syibhul 'Iddah and its implications for the protection of women's rights after divorce.  

This research examines the influence of road infrastructure development on local economic growth in Medan City, emphasizing its role in improving accessibility and supporting economic activities. Road infrastructure is a vital component of regional development, as it facilitates the movement of goods and services, reduces transportation costs, and enhances connectivity between economic centers. Well-developed road networks can stimulate business expansion and encourage investment by creating a more efficient economic environment. The study employed a descriptive quantitative approach using field surveys involving 20 respondents, including business actors, local residents, and government representatives. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed descriptively to capture perceptions regarding the economic impact of road infrastructure development. The results indicate that improvements in road quality, capacity, and connectivity have a positive influence on local economic growth. Respondents reported increased trade activities, improved access to markets, higher investment opportunities, and rising community income levels as direct benefits of improved road infrastructure. However, the study also identified several challenges that may hinder long-term economic outcomes. Traffic congestion, uneven infrastructure development across areas, and inadequate routine maintenance were highlighted as significant issues. These problems can reduce efficiency and limit the sustainability of economic gains. Therefore, continuous government commitment, effective maintenance strategies, and equitable distribution of infrastructure development are essential. Strengthening coordination among stakeholders is also necessary to ensure that road infrastructure development supports inclusive and sustainable local economic growth in Medan City.

This study analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence on youth digital political engagement through a Structural Equation Modeling approach. The development of algorithmic technology has changed the way young people access, assess, and react to political information, requiring an empirical understanding of its mechanisms of influence. This study explores how digital literacy, trust in AI, and perceived usefulness shape online political participation. Data was obtained from an online questionnaire targeting individuals aged 17-30 who are active with AI, then analyzed using the SEM-PLS 4 method. The main findings reveal that digital literacy and trust in AI have a strong influence on perceived usefulness, which acts as a key mediator in encouraging such participation. This indicates that the impact of AI is not direct, but rather occurs through cognitive processes that guide young people in assessing the benefits of technology. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of strengthening digital literacy, algorithm transparency, and responsible AI implementation to strengthen inclusive youth political participation in the digital environment.

This article discusses the concept of fitnah in Islam, focusing on its definition, forms, risks, and social impacts. Fitnah, referring to false accusations, deceit, and the spreading of misleading information, can pose a serious threat to individual integrity and social balance. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with a literature review from classical Islamic texts, Quranic verses, the teachings of the Prophet, and the latest scholarly articles from trusted sources. The findings indicate that fitnah is a significant moral and social violation that can lead to various issues, such as conflicts, defamation, social division, and the loss of trust within society. The study also emphasizes the importance of Islamic ethical principles in preventing and addressing fitnah, especially in the digital age, where information can spread rapidly and widely. The study concludes that preventing fitnah requires an increase in public literacy, more ethical communication, and adherence to Islamic values that emphasize honesty and caution in disseminating information. These efforts are expected to reduce the negative impact of fitnah in social life and foster a more harmonious society.

Population density plays a critical role in shaping public health outcomes and environmental quality, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions. This study aims to analyze the relationship between high population density and its impacts on sanitation conditions, air quality, access to clean water, and the incidence of various diseases in densely populated areas. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach by combining a comprehensive literature review with field observations conducted in several urban areas characterized by high population concentration. The findings reveal that increased population density is closely associated with environmental degradation, including inadequate sanitation systems, reduced air quality due to pollution, and limited availability of clean water. These environmental challenges contribute directly to a higher prevalence of health problems, such as respiratory infections, waterborne diseases, and other communicable illnesses. Overcrowded living conditions also intensify the spread of diseases, placing additional pressure on public health infrastructure. Furthermore, the study highlights that insufficient public facilities and poor environmental management exacerbate the negative effects of population density on both health and the environment. To address these challenges, effective strategies are required, including population growth control, improved urban planning, and enhanced investment in public health and environmental sanitation facilities. Strengthening community awareness and participation in maintaining environmental cleanliness is also essential. Overall, this study emphasizes the need for integrated policies that balance population management with sustainable environmental and public health development.  

This conceptual research analyzes the relationship between social entrepreneurship and social innovation as an integrated framework for creating and sustaining sustainable impact. Social entrepreneurship is positioned as a strategic mechanism that combines the disciplines of entrepreneurship, value creation, and community empowerment to address complex social and environmental challenges. Meanwhile, social innovation provides new solutions, approaches, and models that drive systemic change and expand community participation in social development. Through a literature-based analysis, this research demonstrates that the synergy between these two concepts enables organizations to design sustainable business models that balance social mission with economic sustainability. The research findings confirm that sustainable social impact is achieved through three interrelated key pillars: system-oriented innovation, hybrid and adaptive business models, and collaborative ecosystems that strengthen institutional capacity and legitimacy. This research provides theoretical contributions by developing a conceptual framework that integrates social value creation, innovation processes, and sustainability mechanisms. Future research is recommended to empirically test this conceptual model through case studies or mixed approaches to assess its applicability in various socio-economic contexts.

Quality management and Total Quality Management (TQM) have become critical issues in both education and industry because they are directly related to service quality, process efficiency, and customer satisfaction. The rise of global competition demands organizations to implement a quality system that not only focuses on technical standards, but also integrates a comprehensive quality culture. This article aims to answer the research question regarding how the application of quality standards and TQM affects the quality of organizational management and the benefits produced for both academics and practitioners. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a literature review (LR) model. Data were obtained from 20 scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 through Google Scholar and Publish or Perish (PoP) using the keywords “quality management, standard, benefits, TQM.” After the screening process, five articles were selected for in-depth analysis. The results of the analysis reveal three main findings: (1) quality standards serve as a fundamental basis for maintaining quality consistency, (2) the implementation of TQM is proven to be flexible and applicable across various sectors, and (3) the benefits of TQM include improved service quality, process efficiency, and customer satisfaction. The conclusion of this synthesis highlights that the application of TQM is not merely a technical strategy, but also shapes a sustainable organizational culture. Future studies should further explore the integration of TQM within the context of digitalization and educational innovation.

This article examines the limitation of transparency within the Indonesian House of Representatives (DPR) during the formulation of the Job Creation Act (Law No. 11 of 2020) and its implications for legislative performance and public participation. Transparency represents a fundamental requirement in a democratic legal system as it ensures accountability, public oversight, and the legitimacy of legal products. However, the legislative process of the Job Creation Act demonstrated significant procedural issues, including inconsistent draft versions, restricted access to essential documents, accelerated deliberation, and the marginalization of meaningful public participation. This study highlights how these limitations hinder the public’s constitutional rights, weaken legislative oversight, and create asymmetrical power relations that enable elite dominance in policymaking. The lack of transparency also led to procedural defects acknowledged by the Constitutional Court, reflecting a systemic decline in democratic legislative practices. Using a normative juridical method supported by legislative analysis and doctrinal studies, this paper argues that the absence of transparency not only reduces the quality of participation but also erodes the legitimacy and accountability of the DPR. The findings emphasize the urgent need for open access to legislative documents, inclusive public consultation, and strengthened accountability mechanisms to ensure democratic and lawful policy making.  

Anemia dan dismenore adalah masalah kesehatan yang umum dan saling berhubungan pada remaja putri, di mana prevalensi anemia di Indonesia masih tinggi (22,7%) dan berisiko memperparah nyeri menstruasi yang mengganggu aktivitas. Program pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Cawas, Klaten, dengan sasaran siswi kelas XII, bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran mereka mengenai anemia dan dismenore, faktor risiko, tanda-gejala, serta strategi pencegahan melalui penyuluhan dan screening kesehatan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan, terbukti dari kenaikan rata-rata nilai tes dari 58,3 (pre-test) menjadi 82,7 (post-test), serta peningkatan proporsi siswi dengan pengetahuan baik dari 32% menjadi 85%, menunjukkan dampak positif edukasi tersebut terhadap pemahaman siswi.

The goal of this community service program (PkM) at SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda is to increase students' enthusiasm for reading by providing them with e-books that are based on QR codes. Students' lack of enthusiasm for reading and resources for reading led to the program's inception. E-books with QR codes embedded were presented as a workable approach to digital literacy that caters to the needs of students who were born into the digital age. Several steps were involved in the process, such as determining requirements, creating an e-book, creating QR codes, installing them at key school locations, and finally, monitoring and evaluating the results. Observations and questionnaires were given to 200 students as part of the assessment. Students' interest in and ability to access literature were both enhanced by the usage of QR Codes, according to the findings. In a survey, 82% of people said QR Codes were simple to use, and 85% said they were more motivated to read after using them. In terms of reading frequency, 76% of students saw an improvement, and 72% said they could understand what they read better.With an overall mean score of 4.35 (categorized as excellent), the digital literacy program proved to be effective and positively received. Overall, the implementation of QR Code–based e-books successfully strengthened digital literacy practices and created a more engaging, flexible, and sustainable reading experience, offering a model for digital literacy initiatives in other schools.

The rapid advancement of technology has made it easier for the public to access online loans (pinjol), but it has also increased the risk of misuse by illegal entities. The Financial Services Authority (OJK) recorded that from 2018 to 2022, it shut down 4,265 illegal online lending platforms. However, many cases continue to emerge due to the ease of creating applications and the use of overseas servers. Teachers are among the most affected victims due to low salaries and high living costs. The impacts of illegal online loans are highly detrimental, including the leakage of personal data, threats, intimidation, and excessively high interest rates. Education is crucial to prevent new victims. Isometric motion graphics are chosen as a medium because of their advantages in delivering information through engaging, clear, and easily understood visual and audio elements that are sustainable for audiences.

Licensing gave the insurance company right to conduct its business activity, insurance company need to comply with provisions, one of the provision is corporate financial health. Failure to comply with the provisions will result in sanction in the form of company dissolution and liquidation. Shareholder conduct General Meeting of Shareholder (RUPS) to determine liquidation team. The company assets were blocked and seized by the state due to connection with other criminal cases. Failure in payment caused by the seizure made policy holder conduct litigation and non-litigation effort. This study aim to know and analyse the provisions regulation and supervision of the liquidation process that conducted by the company which license had been provoked. The second objectives are to know and analyse the impact to policy holders caused by the liquidation of  PT Ausransi Jiwa Adisarana Wanaartha which had its business license revoked. The methodology that had been used in this study is normative legal research with approach based on legal principal, approach based on systemic approach to law, and approach based on synchronization to law. The result of this study is the legal basic regarding liquidation had not regulated adequately. Policyholders as the party that got the impact of the liquidation will be placed in a disadvantage condition due to the small return of payment from company asset, especially when insurance fund is not sufficient to cover all the obligated payment to policyholders.