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A mid the growing complexity of contemporary education, the challenge of integrating intellectual achievement with moral and spiritual development has become increasingly urgent. This study examines educational strategies in the Qur’an through the perspective of tafsir tarbawi, focusing on four core approaches: exemplary conduct, advice, dialogue, and storytelling. The research aims to explore how the Qur’an presents pedagogical methods that not only convey knowledge but also shape character and internalize values in learners. Employing a qualitative library research design with thematic and tafsir tarbawi approaches, this study analyzes relevant Qur’anic verses and supporting scholarly literature. The findings reveal that the Qur’an offers a holistic and dynamic model of education in which exemplary conduct functions as a behavioral model, advice serves as a means of value internalization, dialogue promotes reflective and critical thinking, and storytelling strengthens moral awareness through narrative experience. These strategies are interconnected and operate across cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains. The study concludes that Qur’anic educational strategies remain highly relevant for contemporary Islamic education, particularly in strengthening character formation, reflective learning, and the integration of values in educational practice.

Digital transformation has intensified scholarly interest in leadership; however, existing research predominantly emphasises leadership styles and strategic orientations, leaving the role of micro-level leadership behaviours underexplored. This qualitative systematic literature review synthesises prior studies to examine how everyday leadership behaviours function as behavioural antecedents of organisational performance in digital transformation contexts. Drawing on a structured review of interdisciplinary literature, the study identifies cognitive, relational, and adaptive leadership behaviours as central mechanisms through which digital initiatives are translated into performance outcomes. The findings reveal that micro-level behaviours—such as sensemaking, empowering communication, psychological safety cultivation, and behavioural flexibility—indirectly shape organisational performance by fostering digital capabilities, innovative work behaviour, and employee resilience. By shifting the analytical focus from abstract leadership constructs to observable behavioural micro-foundations, this review contributes to digital leadership and organisational performance literature and offers integrative insights for future empirical research and managerial practice

The elderly are a vulnerable group to experience decreased physical and cognitive function, such as hypertension and dementia, which can affect their quality of life. The Activity Therapy Program aims to improve the well-being of the elderly through laughter therapy, listening to music, and playing guess the word. The method used is group dynamics, which involves fun activities to stimulate the cognitive and social of the elderly. This activity is expected to increase social interaction, sensory stimulation, and improve the cognitive function of the elderly. The implementation of therapy was carried out involving 60 elderly people, with stages that included orientation, work, and termination. Evaluations showed that 60% of participants actively participated in laughter and guess therapy, as well as being able to express their feelings. This program has shown success in improving the quality of life of the elderly by encouraging them to be more active and social. In conclusion, TAK can be an effective solution to improve the quality of life of the elderly through physical and cognitive stimulation. It is recommended that this program be carried out regularly to maintain the memory and social health of the elderly.

Schools are formal educational institutions that play a crucial role in transferring knowledge and shaping students' cognitive, psychomotor, and character development systematically and responsibly. While the "school of life" is often defined as a non-formal learning space, formal schools retain a strategic position because they provide a clear ontological, epistemological, and axiological framework, including in the formation of students' character and self-concept. However, the reality on the ground shows that labeling practices are still prevalent in the school environment, both by teachers and fellow students, which negatively impact students' psychological, emotional, social, and self-concept. Negative labels such as stupid, lazy, naughty, or physical and social labels have been shown to cause "invisible wounds" that affect students' self-esteem and functioning in the long term. This study uses qualitative methods through a literature review to examine the phenomenon of labeling and its impact on the formation of students' self-concept within the framework of Christian Character Education. The results of the study indicate that Christian Character Education, which is based on the values ​​of love, acceptance, and respect for human dignity as God's creation, has a strategic role in restoring the self-concept of students affected by labeling. Christian character education not only instills moral and ethical values, but also builds students' inner and spiritual resilience so that they are able to interpret themselves positively, regardless of the negative labels they receive.

College represents a critical transitional period requiring high adaptation, where students often face escalating academic demands triggering psychological pressure. This study aims to deeply analyze the reciprocal relationship between sleep patterns and academic stress levels, and identify their subsequent impacts on cognitive function (concentration) and students' physical health. This study employs a qualitative method with a Systematic Literature Review approach. Data were collected through comprehensive searches of accredited national and reputable international scientific articles published within the last five years (2020–2025). Literature selection was conducted rigorously using specific keywords to screen empirical studies relevant to stress, sleep, and student health variables. Data synthesis reveals a strong and consistent negative correlation. High levels of academic stress whether stemming from the adaptation phase of new students (initiation), thesis preparation workload, or role conflicts in working students are significantly associated with decreased sleep quality. Physiologically, stress triggers increased cortisol levels causing insomnia, shortened sleep duration, and prolonged sleep latency. Subsequent impacts are proven to drastically reduce learning concentration and trigger physical health disorders, including an increased risk of primary dysmenorrhea in female students. This study concludes that academic stress and sleep disturbances form a destructive cycle that exacerbates one another. Therefore, holistic institutional interventions in the form of sleep hygiene education and stress management training are needed to break this chain for the sake of student well-being and academic performance.

This quasi-experimental study examines the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted learning in enhancing critical thinking skills among undergraduate history students. The study involved 60 students divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received AI-supported instruction integrating adaptive learning modules, scaffolded source-analysis prompts, and guided argumentative discussions facilitated by conversational AI tools, while the control group followed conventional lecture-based instruction. Data were collected using a validated critical thinking test, classroom observation protocols, and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using paired and independent sample t-tests, while qualitative data were examined through Miles and Huberman’s interactive analysis model. Results indicate statistically significant improvements in critical thinking scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. Thematic findings reveal enhanced sourcing, contextualization, corroboration, and evidence-based argumentation skills. However, minor risks of over-reliance on AI highlight the need for instructional scaffolding and ethical guidance. The findings suggest that AI can function as a cognitive scaffold that strengthens historical thinking and metacognitive awareness when implemented within a structured pedagogical framework.

Play for early childhood is very important in the development of his personality. Playing for a child is not just filling time, but a medium for children to learn. Every form of play activity in children has a positive value for the development of their personality. However, free play is often the key to unlocking the creative talents that every human being possesses. Playing with children is useful for exploring their world, developing their competence to cope with it, and fostering their creativity. The function of play for early childhood can be used as an intervention that, if implemented properly, whether equipped with tools or without tools, will greatly assist social, emotional, cognitive, affective, and psychomotor development in general, and develop children's creativity.

Stunting is a long-term nutritional problem that severely affects children's physical growth and cognitive development. To address stunting, Rejosari Village has developed various community-based initiatives. The purpose of this study is to find out how the Rejosari Village community functions to prevent stunting in children by using cooperation and participation strategies. Socialization of stunting, nutrition counseling for pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers, routine monitoring of pregnant women's health, and provision of supplementary food for children under five are some of the programs in which the community is actively involved. Village health cadres also play an important role in supporting the implementation of these programs by providing direct instruction and guidance to residents. A qualitative case study was conducted to collect data through field observations and interviews. The results showed that community involvement not only increased awareness of the importance of preventing stunting but also increased active participation in maintaining the health and nutrition of children in Rejosari Village. The village experienced a decrease in stunting rates due to strong community participation, which was supported by the village government and non-governmental organizations. The results suggest that the community-based intervention model used in Rejosari Village can be adapted and applied in other villages facing similar problems in preventing stunting.

Stunting is a condition of impaired growth in children under five caused by chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections, which impacts the physical and cognitive development of the child. Ajung Kalisat Village has a relatively high prevalence of stunting, necessitating effective interventions to prevent this condition. This study aims to evaluate the potential of pumpkin pudding as an alternative functional food in the prevention of stunting in children under five in Ajung Kalisat Village. Pumpkin was chosen due to its high nutritional content, such as vitamin A, fiber, and antioxidants, which are beneficial for children's growth and development. The research method involved a trial of giving pumpkin pudding to children under five over a specific period and evaluating its impact on their nutritional status and growth. The results of the study showed that the consumption of pumpkin pudding significantly improved the nutritional status of children under five and has the potential to prevent stunting. Therefore, pumpkin pudding can be considered an effective alternative functional food in efforts to prevent stunting in the community.

The decline in physical and mental abilities is an inevitable sign of the aging phase. Maintaining health in old age involves not only physical activity and a balanced diet but also utilizing natural ingredients that can support overall body health. One such natural ingredient with significant potential to support health in old age is butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea), known for its numerous health benefits, including stress reduction and cognitive function support. To raise awareness of the importance of preparing for healthy aging, the KKN MIT-18 Posko 57 Sojomerto Village team organized a seminar and workshop titled "Towards Healthy Aging and Knowing the Benefits of Butterfly Pea Flower." This event involved PKK cadres from Sojomerto Village and aimed to educate the community about the benefits of butterfly pea tea. The results of this activity showed an increased understanding among the community regarding the importance of maintaining physical and mental health in old age, as well as their enthusiasm for utilizing butterfly pea flower as a natural solution to support their health.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that the global population aged over 60 years will increase from 900 million in 2015 to 2 billion in 2050. This demographic is particularly vulnerable to disease and disability, with declining haemoglobin levels long considered a consequence of aging. Nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, kidney disease, haematological malignancies, and anemia of unknown cause can all contribute to anemia in the elderly. This significantly impacts physical performance, cognitive function, and overall health. We carried out this activity at St. Francis Assisi, Jakarta, with 36 participants. We perform a physical examination and a complete blood count, including haemoglobin and hematocrit levels, to detect nemia. Among the 36 participants, 18 people (50%) had mild anaemia, 6 people (16.7%) had moderate anaemia, and 1 person (2.8%) had very severe anaemia. Anaemia in the elderly can cause severe health consequences, including physical and cognitive decline, increased hospitalisations, and death. Routine screening for haemoglobin and hematocrit levels is essential for early detection and intervention, improving quality of life and health outcomes for older adults.

The purpose of this research is to determine the important role of learning evaluation in the learning process at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar. Assessment is a very important part of learning and teaching. If learning is important to foster students' spiritual development, then assessment needs to function as an informant to assess the success of learning. Without evaluation activities, it is impossible to find information about the pros and cons of the teaching activities carried out. In some rules, ethics and behavior cannot be ignored in evaluation. Therefore, it is very important to carry out an evaluation of the learning itself. This research approach is descriptive qualitative in which the informant is an Islamic Religious Education teacher who teaches at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar. He was chosen by the researcher because he felt he was experienced and had the criteria to answer the questions given by the researcher. An in-depth semi-structured one-on-one interview was conducted to examine his views regarding the important role of learning evaluation in the learning process at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar. This research found that in the evaluation stage at SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar, the evaluation process activities at this school were carried out well. This is very useful for teachers and students, this can be seen from the evaluation process which consists of affective, cognitive and psychomotor assessments.

STIKES Kesdam IV/Diponegoro as one of the health universities has great potential in the form of human resources (HR) to play a role in the development of the target area in the health sector. The results of an interview with the Head of the Sekaran Community Health Center revealed that of the 5 sub-districts managed by the Sekaran Community Health Center, Sukorejo Sub-District is an area that has complex health problems. Health problems related to the elderly need attention that is no less important. The health of the elderly under the management of the elderly posyandu in the Sukerejo Deliksari sub-district area has been going well. It's just that this area related to handling the cognitive health problems of the elderly still needs more attention. One of the cognitive function disorders in the elderly is dementia. There is no health care related to dementia in this area, this is because elderly posyandu cadres consider the problem of dementia or senile dementia to be natural and normal for the elderly. So promotive and preventive efforts are needed by holding community service related to cadre training in early detection of elderly people with dementia health problems.

Healthy children are in perfect condition both physically, mentally/psychologically and socially (free from disease, weakness and disability). In order for children to grow and develop optimally, children must also be accustomed to healthy living behavior and the Childhood Phase is the developmental phase from the age of 1 or 2 years to 10-12 years, this phase is further classified into two, namely early childhood (small children) between 1-6 years, and later childhood (big children) between 6-12 years. According to the Ministry of Education and Culture, reading mastery is not mandatory for PAUD age children (3-5 years) because this skill will only be taught formally at elementary school level. Children should actually start being taught to read maximally at the age of 4-6 years. Because, this is a golden period for the cognitive development of the brain. In other words, they can absorb lessons and imitate quickly. Brain gym or brain exercise is a touch that can stimulate the work and functioning of the brain optimally, namely further activating the abilities of the right and left brain, so that cooperation between the right and left brain hemispheres can be established. This can improve memory in the child's brain to learn to read.

In human development, it is often characterized as a developmental milestone where new behaviors emerge and are increasingly complex as the stages of development appear in this modern era. Development does notoccur at a constant pace. A relatively fast growth (spurt) can be interspersed with slow growth (plateau).Some scholars use such uneven patterns of growth and change as evidence of qualitatively different periods of development. From the results of the study found 3 factors that have the potential to affect the development of each child's reasoning,namely; Hereditary factors (heredity), environmental factors, heredity and environmental factors that interact to form behavior. The characteristics inherited by each child have a sensitive period, namely when children are active and motivated learners and when children construct their knowledge based on experience. In implanting physical and cognitive devices there is thought and language becoming increasingly interdependent; As thought and language begin to fuse, children often talk to themselves which is known as self-talk. Self-talk has an important function in cognitive development: By talking to themselves, children learn to guide and direct their own behavior in the process of performing difficult tasks and performing complex maneuvers_just as adults guide them.