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This study investigated the logical function of clause complexes in two selected English nursery tales, Jack the Giant Killer and Jack and the Beanstalk, using Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) framework. The research focuses on the realization of clause interpendency through the taxis system (parataxis, hypotaxis, and taxis combination) and logico-semantic relations (elaboration, extension, enhancement, idea and locution). The method employed is qualitative content analysis based on Krippendorf involving processes such as unitizing, sampling, coding, reducing, interpreting, and narrating. From 1,048 clauses analyzed, 341 wereidentified as clause complexes. The findings show that enhancement is the most dominant logico-semantic relation (164 cases), followed by extension (123 cases), elaboration (100 cases), locution (57 cases), andidea (22 cases). The findings show that paratxis is the most dominant taxis in selected English nursery tales. While hypotaxis relations mostly realized in enhancement, while extension appeared dominantly in parataxis. These results reveal that although nursery tales are intended for children, they often employ complex grammatical structure, therefore, balancing narrative engagement and linguistic accessibility is crucial to support children’s language development and reading comprehension.

This study aims to explore employees’ work experiences related to work-life balance and compensation in shaping employee performance at CV. Sepanjang Masa (Masa Kreatif), a social media agency located in Makassar. A qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical field design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, passive participant observation, and documentation involving 11 informants from both management and creative teams. Data analysis followed processes of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with trustworthiness ensured through triangulation techniques. The findings reveal that employees’ work-life balance experiences are dynamic and heterogeneous. Work flexibility provides opportunities for personal time management; however, rapid response demands and intensive content production blur the boundaries between work and personal life. A supportive, communicative, and collaborative work environment acts as a protective factor that mitigates work pressure and fosters creativity. Compensation is perceived not only as financial remuneration but also as a symbol of recognition, professional development opportunities, and organizational appreciation, although gaps remain between employee expectations and organizational capacity. Integratively, work-life balance, work environment, and compensation constitute interconnected work experiences influencing employee engagement and performance within the digital creative industry.

The rapid development of social media, particularly TikTok, has transformed digital marketing strategies by emphasizing influencer endorsement and content marketing to reach Generation Z consumers. This generation is characterized by high social media usage and strong responsiveness to visual content and influencer recommendations. This study aims to analyze the effect of influencer endorsement and content marketing on the purchase intention of Generation Z TikTok users toward Antarestar products in Makassar City, both partially and simultaneously. This study employed a quantitative approach with an associative research method. The population consisted of Antarestar consumers residing in Makassar City, and the sample was determined using purposive sampling. A total of 140 respondents who met the research criteria were involved in this study. Data were collected through a questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale and analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with the assistance of IBM SPSS Statistics software. The results of this study indicate that (1) influencer endorsement has a positive and significant effect on the purchase intention of Generation Z TikTok users toward Antarestar products, (2) content marketing has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, and (3) influencer endorsement and content marketing simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the purchase intention of Generation Z TikTok users toward Antarestar products in Makassar City. The findings conclude that the effectiveness of Antarestar’s digital marketing on TikTok is strongly influenced by credible and attractive influencers as well as relevant, informative, and consistent marketing content. Therefore, optimizing influencer endorsement and content marketing strategies is essential to enhance purchase intention among Generation Z consumers.

This study aims to analyze the use of digital media in the form of infographics to improve student learning outcomes in history lessons, specifically regarding the events of the national movement in the 11th grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah 07 Serbelawan in the 2024/2025 academic year. Along with technological advancements, the use of digital media is becoming increasingly popular in education as an alternative to improve student understanding and learning interest. One form of digital media used is infographics, which can simplify complex information into easier-to-understand information through engaging visual elements. The research method used was classroom action research (CAR), implemented in two cycles, with the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 30 11th grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah 07 Serbelawan. Data collection techniques were conducted through tests, observations, and interviews. Data analysis was conducted using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the use of infographics in history lessons can improve student understanding and learning interest. Improved student learning outcomes were evident in improved test scores after the use of infographics, as well as increased student active participation in class discussions. Furthermore, students also responded positively to the use of this digital media because infographics presented information in a more engaging and easy-to-understand manner. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the use of digital media in the form of infographics can be effective in improving students' history learning outcomes, particularly in understanding the material on the national movement. Therefore, it is recommended that history teachers consider using infographics in their lessons to improve the quality of teaching and student learning outcomes.

This study aims to analyze the effect of price on purchasing decisions of broiler chicken production inputs (sapronak) among partner farmers of PT Sejahtera Abadi Unggas, Kediri Unit. A quantitative approach with a causal research design was employed. The research sample consisted of 104 active partner farmers, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and simple linear regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS software. The results indicate that price has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. The regression analysis produces the equation Y = 2.103 + 0.940X, with a significance value of 0.000, confirming that an increase in positive price perception significantly enhances purchasing decisions. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.699 shows that price explains 69.9% of the variation in purchasing decisions, while the remaining 30.1% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. These findings highlight that competitive, fair, and value-based pricing strategies play a crucial role in strengthening long-term partnerships and sustaining purchasing behavior among broiler farmers. The study provides empirical evidence that can support managerial decision-making in developing effective pricing strategies within the agribusiness sector.

Physical condition is a very important aspect to support a student's achievement, so condition factors must be considered by students. The aim of this research was to determine and assess the level of physical condition of football extracurricular students at SMA Negeri 1 Purwosari. This type of research uses a quantitative descriptive survey design, the variable studied is the level of physical condition. In this study, the samples were taken from all students who were active in taking part in extracurricular football at SMA Negei 1 Purwosari, totaling 30 students. The results of the physical condition of extracurricular football students at SMA Negeri 1 Purwosari obtained several criteria, namely: the 30 meter sprint test of 30 students got a frequency of 15 with a percentage of 50% and was included in the poor category. In the T-test, the frequency was 15 with a percentage of 50% and was included in the medium criteria. In the Sit and Reach test, the frequency was 19 with a percentage of 63.3% and was included in the good criteria. In the Standing Long Jump test, the frequency was 20 with a percentage of 66.7% and was included in the medium criteria. In the Yo-yo Test, the frequency was 13 with a percentage of 47.6% and was included in the medium criteria. In the Push-up test, the frequency was 20 with a percentage of 66.7% and was included in the medium criteria. It is hoped that by conducting this research, students can further improve their physical condition so they can play optimally.

This research aims to determine the extent to which interactive quizzes can help improve students' understanding of Economics lessons in the Merdeka Curriculum, which focuses on a Deep Learning approach implemented at SMA Negeri 4 Surakarta. The results show that quite a few students have difficulty grasping economic concepts. The lack of participation and learning motivation, combined with the dominance of the lecture method, makes the learning process tend to be one-way. Conversely, the application of digital technology by educators is still very limited. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data thru observation, interviews, and documentation. A total of five students from the eleventh grade were selected based on purposive sampling techniques who had already taken economics lessons. The results show that the quiz format contributes to increasing students' interest, attention, and participation due to the presence of visual elements, screen animation, and a game-like atmosphere. However, obstacles such as slow internet connectivity or a slightly longer completion time than estimated did arise, although they did not hinder overall learning activities. Essentially, implementing this type of quiz aligns with the direction of the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes in-depth conceptual understanding while also encouraging self-study habits, training the ability to reflect on the material, and creating a classroom atmosphere that tends to be more dynamic.

Public service performance represents the most visible aspect of local government administration. Sub-district offices play a crucial role as the frontline of daily administrative services. This study analyzes the management of public services at the Cianjur Kota Sub-district Office by examining governance practices, staff professionalism, and service effectiveness. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through light observation, document analysis, and literature review. The findings reveal that the management of public services at the sub-district office is generally adequate, indicated by standardized service procedures, improved administrative flows, and better staff discipline. However, several challenges persist, including limited human resources, insufficient transparency of service information, and low community participation in providing feedback. These results highlight the importance of good governance principles  transparency, accountability, and participation  in enhancing public service quality at the sub-district level. The study recommends improving internal coordination, providing more accessible public information, and strengthening staff capacity through continuous training.

This study aims to determine the influence of product, price, distribution channels, and promotion on customers’ purchasing decisions of Sweety baby diapers at PT Hansel Duta Niaga Pratama Batam. This research uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study consists of all customers who purchased Sweety baby diapers at PT Hansel Duta Niaga Pratama Batam. The sampling technique employed was purposive sampling, with a total of 105 respondents. The results indicate that, partially, the product and promotion variables have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, while price and distribution channels do not significantly influence purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, the variables of product, price, distribution channels, and promotion have a positive and significant effect on the purchasing decisions of Sweety baby diapers at PT Hansel Duta Niaga Pratama Batam. These findings are expected to serve as a useful reference for the company in developing more effective marketing strategies, particularly by focusing on improving product quality and promotional efforts to encourage consumer purchasing decisions.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of capital structure and fixed asset turnover on return on assets (ROA) at PT Argo Pantes Tbk during the period 2013–2022. The research employs a quantitative method with a statistical analysis approach, using secondary data obtained from the company’s financial statements. The data analysis techniques include classical assumption tests, namely normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation tests, followed by multiple linear regression analysis. Hypothesis testing is conducted through the coefficient of determination, partial statistical testing (t-test), and simultaneous statistical testing (F-test). The results indicate that capital structure has a significant effect on return on assets. This is evidenced by a t-value of 2.986, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.36462, and a significance level of 0.020, which is lower than 0.05. These findings suggest that an optimal capital structure plays an important role in improving the company’s profitability performance. Therefore, capital structure management should be considered a strategic factor by management in enhancing financial efficiency and overall corporate performance.

The increasing poverty rate in West Bandung Regency has encouraged BAZNAS to introduce the Z-Mart programme, which provides business capital assistance as an effort to improve community income. The effectiveness of the programme is assessed based on its ability to achieve predetermined targets and comply with organisational regulations. This study adopts a quantitative approach, involving 151 mustahik as the population, with 61 mustahik selected as the sample to complete the questionnaire. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of zakat fund distribution on mustahik income in the Z-Mart programme implemented by BAZNAS of West Bandung Regency. Data analysis using SPSS version 25.0 indicates that the independent variable (X) contributes 59.8 per cent, and that the effectiveness of zakat distribution has a significant effect on mustahik income (R-square = 0.357). Regression analysis reveals that a one-point increase in distribution effectiveness contributes to a positive increase of 0.814 points in mustahik income. The t-test results show that the calculated t-value (5.725) exceeds the critical t-value (1.671), indicating acceptance of the alternative hypothesis and rejection of the null hypothesis. Therefore, this study concludes that the distribution of zakat funds through the Z-Mart programme is effective in improving the income level of mustahik in BAZNAS of West Bandung Regency.

This study aims to examine the effect of green innovation on company value, with financial performance as a mediating variable, in the mining industry. This study uses a systematic literature review approach by examining various relevant previous studies. The results of the study indicate that green innovation plays a significant role in improving environmental performance and operational efficiency of companies, which in turn positively impacts financial performance. Good financial performance is a key factor in strengthening company value and stakeholder trust. These findings confirm that the implementation of green innovation not only supports environmental sustainability but also provides long-term economic benefits for mining companies. This study also found that companies that successfully implement green innovation tend to have a better image in the eyes of investors and the public, which contributes to increasing the company's market value. These findings confirm that the implementation of green innovation not only supports environmental sustainability but also provides long-term economic benefits for mining companies, strengthening their position in an industry that increasingly prioritizes sustainability and social responsibility.

Literary works are the author's reflection of real life. This paper aims to determine the intrinsic elements contained in the short story "Killing a Crazy Person" in the short story collection "A Pair of Old Shoes" by Sapardi Djoko Damono with an objective approach. The results of the study indicate that the short story "Killing a Crazy Person" has intact intrinsic elements which include theme, characters and characterization, plot, setting, point of view, style of language, and moral. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive analysis with an objective approach in literary works. Data analysis techniques include reading the short story, observing the short story, collecting data, describing, and drawing conclusions. The conclusion of this study is the integrity of the intrinsic elements contained in the story. The results show that this short story has intact intrinsic elements that support each other and enrich the meaning of the story. The method used is qualitative descriptive analysis with the steps of reading, observing, collecting data, describing, and drawing conclusions. This study provides a deeper understanding of how the intrinsic elements in the short story "Killing a Crazy Person" work together to form a complete and meaningful story.

This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the implementation of green finance and its relationship with the financial performance and profitability of banking institutions in Indonesia. Although sustainable finance policies have been continuously strengthened by regulators and stakeholders, the contribution of green financing to overall banking performance is still developing gradually, making it important to conduct a more focused and systematic analysis of its effectiveness. This research specifically aims to describe the application of green financing practices, assess financial performance conditions, and analyze bank profitability during the 2020–2024 period. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach using secondary data on green financing distribution, financial performance indicators such as the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loans (NPL), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), as well as profitability measured through Return on Assets (ROA). The findings indicate that the implementation of green finance has the potential to enhance long-term financial stability and improve profitability in the banking sector. This study implies that expanding green financing can serve as a relevant and sustainable business strategy for the banking industry while simultaneously supporting national sustainability and environmental development objectives.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of artificial intelligence in economics learning within the context of the Merdeka Curriculum and to examine its alignment with deep learning principles. The study employed a qualitative approach using a case study design conducted at SMAN 1 Boyolali. The research participants included economics teachers and eleventh grade students. Data were collected through classroom observations, in depth interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis was carried out interactively through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings indicate that the use of artificial intelligence in economics learning remains limited and has not been systematically integrated into pedagogical design. AI is primarily utilized as a supporting tool for lesson preparation and concept clarification rather than for adaptive learning, data driven assessment, or the enhancement of students’ critical thinking skills. Although students demonstrated positive responses toward AI assisted learning, several constraints were identified, including teachers’ limited pedagogical competence in AI integration, the absence of deep learning based instructional design, and infrastructural challenges. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in economics education depends not merely on technological availability, but on the alignment between pedagogy, curriculum policy, and human resource readiness.

This study analyzes the influence of Islamic business ethics principles on online buying and selling transactions in the predominantly Muslim community of South Sumatra. Using a quantitative approach through a survey of 200 respondents in Palembang with a Likert scale questionnaire, the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS 26. The results showed that the principle of honesty (sidq) had the strongest significant influence (β = 0.029, p = 0.002), followed by unity (tawhid) (β = 0.016, p = 0.049), while other principles such as balance, free will, and responsibility showed a positive but insignificant influence. The regression model explained 10.3% of the variation in transaction behavior (R² = 0.103). This study concluded that the application of Islamic ethics can increase trust and sustainability in e-commerce in the region, with implications for the development of halal businesses. In the future, the application of these principles is expected to mitigate ethical issues in e-commerce, such as fraud and uncertainty that often occur, as well as strengthen transparency and fairness in online transactions.

The development of digital technology has brought about significant changes in the way society constructs identity and interprets culture. This study aims to examine how cultural literacy and social media use influence each other in the process of cultural transformation in Indonesia. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach through a review of various relevant literature sources. The results indicate that the flood of unfiltered digital information often leads to misunderstandings, shifts in cultural values, and the weakening of local identity. On the other hand, social media continues to provide significant opportunities to preserve traditions and promote local culture through various forms of digital content. This study also found that digital literacy including the ability to think critically, understand visual context, and assess the credibility of information is key to society's wise use of social media. The younger generation plays a crucial role in this process as they are the largest users of social media and the primary producers of cultural content. The synergy between cultural literacy, digital literacy, and responsible use of social media plays a role in guiding the nation's cultural transformation in a more positive direction.

This study aims to analyze the effect of asset growth, capital structure, and asset structure on the profitability of PT Astra Graphia Tbk during the period 2016–2023. The research employs a quantitative approach with a causal research design using secondary data derived from the company’s quarterly financial statements. A total of 32 quarterly observations were selected through purposive sampling. Profitability is measured using Return on Equity (ROE), while data analysis is conducted using multiple linear regression. Prior to hypothesis testing, classical assumption tests including normality, multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation tests were performed to ensure the robustness of the regression model. The results indicate that asset growth, capital structure, and asset structure simultaneously have a significant effect on firm profitability. However, partially, only asset structure has a significant effect on profitability, while asset growth and capital structure show no significant influence. These findings suggest that efficient asset composition plays a more critical role in improving profitability than mere asset expansion or increased leverage. The managerial implication of this study highlights the importance of optimizing asset structure to enhance the firm’s ability to generate sustainable profits.

This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality, store atmosphere, and word of mouth on repurchase intention of Batik Lochatara Kediri consumers. This research employs a quantitative approach with a causal associative design. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 96 respondents who are customers of Batik Lochatara Kediri, selected using accidental sampling. The research instrument was measured using a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software, preceded by validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The results reveal that partially, word of mouth has a positive and significant effect on repurchase intention, while service quality and store atmosphere do not show a significant effect. However, simultaneously, service quality, store atmosphere, and word of mouth have a significant influence on repurchase intention. These findings indicate that positive consumer recommendations and shared experiences play a more dominant role in encouraging repurchase intention in the context of local batik MSMEs. Therefore, strengthening word-of-mouth strategies is essential to enhance customer loyalty and business sustainability.

Education plays a very important role in shaping morality, character, and self-esteem. Through Delors (1996), UNESCO outlines four pillars of modern education: learning to know, learning to do, learning to be, and learning to live together, which support human development. These principles have long been integrated into the Islamic educational tradition through the concept of Kaffah  Islam, which encourages faith, knowledge, and charity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relevance and integration of UNESCO's educational principles from the perspective of Kaffah  and to analyze their implementation during the colonial era. Through a qualitative approach and literature review, the research findings show philosophical and practical agreement between the two paradigms. Islamic education during the colonial era not only served as a means of teaching religious knowledge but also as a means of fostering moral character, social solidarity, and a sense of responsibility in the face of a discriminatory education system. Thus, the integration of UNESCO and Kaffah  Islam shows that Islamic education had adopted the concept of holistic education before the formation of modern UNESCO. To support civilized independent education, it is important to contextualize these values in order to strengthen national education that balances knowledge, skills, spirituality, and social solidarity.