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The rapid development of digital technology has reshaped communication practices in online learning, particularly in language education. Emojis, as a visual symbol widely used in digital interactions, have the potential to enrich emotional expression and participation, but their role in educational contexts remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to investigate how emojis influence students’ emotional expression, engagement, and digital literacy in online language classrooms. To achieve this, a qualitative observational design was employed, focusing on university students participating in online language courses. Data were collected from authentic digital interactions, including chat messages, discussion forums, and collaborative platforms, and were analyzed through content analysis to identify the communicative and pedagogical functions of emojis. The findings indicate that emojis help clarify emotional expression, support comprehension of messages, and encourage active student participation in online discussions. These results demonstrate that emojis not only serve as supplementary tools for digital communication but also contribute to creating a more engaging and supportive learning environment. Synthesizing the main ideas, this study extends the understanding of digital communication theory by highlighting the pedagogical value of emojis beyond their informal use on social media. In conclusion, emojis play a crucial role in strengthening interaction, fostering emotional presence, and enhancing learning outcomes in online language education. The study recommends integrating emojis into digital teaching practices while encouraging further research on cultural variation, learner levels, and diverse digital platforms to maximize their educational potential.

This research focuses on improving the learning outcomes of class VII students in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects, especially in prayer and dhikr material, which often experience obstacles due to ineffective conventional teaching methods. To overcome this problem, research was carried out using the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method involving 30 students, carried out in two cycles with planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. The use of AI-based learning media Gamma: Presentations and Slide Decks is expected to increase student involvement and make understanding the material easier. The research results showed that in cycle I, 76.6% of students achieved the minimum completeness criteria (KKM), and this figure increased significantly to 93.33% in cycle II. These findings indicate that the implementation of Gamma is not only effective in improving student learning outcomes, but also creates a more interactive and interesting learning experience, thereby making a positive contribution to the quality of religious education at the junior high school level.

This study developed a Discovery Learning model with a Meaningful Learning approach to improve students' critical thinking skills in Economics at SMAN 2 Tulang Bawang Udik. The study used the ADDIE model and produced a conceptual model, lesson plans, student worksheets, and HOTS assessment instruments. Expert validation results showed that the products were feasible, practicality tests obtained a very practical category, and effectiveness tests with a Nonequivalent Control Group design showed that the critical thinking of students in the experimental class was higher than that of the control class. These results confirm that this learning model is feasible, practical, and effective, and can be a guide for teachers for active, contextual, and high-level thinking skills-oriented learning. Additionally, the integration of Discovery Learning and Meaningful Learning provides a structured and student-centered learning process that encourages learners to construct knowledge independently while connecting concepts to real-life contexts. The resulting learning tools also support teachers in implementing systematic instruction that fosters student engagement and deeper understanding. Overall, the developed model contributes to improving instructional quality in Economics education and offers an innovative alternative for enhancing students’ cognitive abilities, particularly in critical thinking.

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model in enhancing fourth-grade students’ understanding of Asmaul Husna in elementary schools. The research employed a pre-test and post-test design, involving an experimental class that applied the Jigsaw method and a control class that used conventional teaching. Data were collected through written tests designed for elementary-level comprehension and observation sheets to record students’ learning activities. The results indicate that the Jigsaw model fosters greater student engagement, encourages collaboration, and facilitates a clearer understanding of the material, as students actively participate in sharing knowledge with peers. In addition, the method nurtures a sense of individual responsibility and improves communication skills among students. The teacher’s role as facilitator proved essential in guiding group interactions and ensuring that learning objectives were met effectively. These findings suggest that the Jigsaw model can serve as an effective alternative strategy for teaching Islamic Religious Education in elementary schools, particularly on topics such as Asmaul Husna that require not only cognitive understanding but also moral application in daily life.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) caused by insulin secretion deficiency and / or insulin resistance which over time can cause serious damage to various body systems, especially to nerves and blood vessels, Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) is one of the fruits that contains antioxidant compounds Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) can also overcome poisoning, clean digestion, and play a role in overcoming hyperglycemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the Nursing Care of Families with the Implementation of the Yellow Pumpkin Diet for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in the Sukoharjo Health Center Work Area. Data collection methods Data is obtained by interview and observation. The results are written with field notes, then copied in the form of transcripts (structured notes). The activity plan was carried out on Tuesday, June 25, 2024 regarding education on the implementation of the Pumpkin Diet for Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Sukoharjo Health Center Work Area. The results of the evaluation of the diagnosis of blood sugar instability and given pumpkin diet therapy. The first day before giving pumpkin 250mg/dl after giving pumpkin 247mg/dl on the first day. During the 3 days of giving a diet of yellow pumpkin to 238mg / dl.

This research is motivated by the low communication skills, the slow development process in villages throughout Purwaharja District is thought to be caused by the low skills of village officials throughout Purwaharja District. The ability here is seen from their daily performance which is sometimes unable to keep up with the demands of technological progress, or is also caused by their low level of education and work experience. The purpose of this study is to determine how communication skills affect village development, how the quality of village government officials' human resources affects village development, and how communication skills and the quality of village government officials' human resources together affect village development. The method used in this study uses a quantitative descriptive method. To analyze it, correlation and multiple regression statistical test data analysis was used using SPSS version 22.00. The results of the study obtained provide the conclusion that communication skills have a positive effect on village development, the quality of village government officials' human resources have a positive and significant effect on village development, and communication skills and the quality of village government officials' human resources together have a positive effect on village development.  

Pesantren, as the oldest Islamic educational institutions, face complex challenges in environmental health management, primarily due to high residential density, limited sanitation infrastructure, and varying practices of Healthy and Clean Living Behaviors (PHBS). Although the religious concept of taharah (purity) serves as a foundation for cleanliness, there is a lack of in-depth research examining the integration of religious values, infrastructure conditions, and management systems in shaping the daily hygiene experiences of santri (students).This study aims to explore the santri's experience regarding environmental health management in pesantren, focusing on the integration of hygiene, sanitation, and Islamic religious values, while also identifying factors and challenges related to PHBS practices. This qualitative research, utilizing a descriptive phenomenology design, collected data through in-depth interviews with three female santri informants (with 8–9 years of boarding experience). Data analysis was conducted using the six-phase thematic analysis method by Braun & Clarke (2006).The study identified five main themes: (1) Infrastructure is quantitatively adequate but faces operational issues (queues, seasonal clean water scarcity); (2) PHBS practices show positive behavioral changes (self-reliance) but waste management remains traditional; (3) The religious value of taharah acts as a strong intrinsic motivation; (4) The management system involves multi-level roles (kiai-ustaz-administrators) that face consistency challenges; and (5) Main obstacles include limited facilities, varying levels of santri awareness, and disparity in educational programs. Poskestren (Pesantren Health Post) represents an institutional effort to provide basic health services.Environmental health management in pesantren requires a holistic approach, integrating infrastructure improvement and sustainable waste management systems, alongside developing education that unites Islamic religious values with modern health knowledge. Optimizing the religious strategy and strengthening national monitoring/standardization systems are key to program sustainability.

Maritime safety is a critical aspect of military ship operations, where mastery of Ship Salvage Equipment (PEK) becomes a fundamental competency for cadets of the Indonesian Naval Academy (AAL). This research aims to identify and analyze the benefits of knowledge of Ship Salvage Equipment (PEK) for AAL cadets in the context of professional competence development, operational readiness, and leadership character formation. Using a mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, this study involved 312 AAL cadet respondents from three batches (2022-2024) selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, participant observations, and focus group discussions. Data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistics for quantitative data, as well as thematic analysis for qualitative data. The research results show that AAL cadets have a good level of PEK knowledge (score 78.6/100), high self-efficacy (3.68/5), and good operational readiness (3.72/5). As many as 85.6% of cadets acknowledge the very high benefits of PEK learning. The five main themes of benefits identified include: the development of operational technical competencies (37.2%), the enhancement of leadership abilities in critical situations (24.8%), the formation of mental resilience (18.9%), the development of quick decision-making skills (11.4%), and the improvement of a sense of responsibility for safety (7.7%). Cadets with good PEK knowledge demonstrate superior performance with a response speed 32 seconds faster, an error rate 23.4% lower, and an emergency communication score 18.2% higher. Factors influencing the effectiveness of PEK learning include the quality of instructors and teaching methods (β = 0.34), the frequency and variety of emergency simulations (β = 0.28), which together can explain 74.8% of the variance in learning effectiveness. This study provides recommendations for intensifying practical training, improving instructor quality, standardizing the curriculum to integrate technical and leadership aspects, and conducting continuous evaluations of the PEK learning program.

Background: Lower back pain is common in pregnant women, especially in the third trimester, due to physiological changes such as weight gain, shifts in the body’s center of gravity, and ligament relaxation. Prenatal exercise is a non-pharmacological method that improves flexibility, strengthens muscles, and enhances posture, reducing lower back pain. However, its implementation remains limited due to a lack of education and supporting facilities. Objective: This study evaluates the effect of prenatal exercise on lower back pain reduction in third-trimester pregnant women at the Independent Practice of Midwife Novia Br Karo, Sunggal District, Deli Serdang Regency. Method: A pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach was used. The study included 32 third-trimester pregnant women experiencing lower back pain. Prenatal exercise was provided, and pain levels were measured before and after using an observation sheet. Results: Before the intervention, most respondents (53.1%) reported moderate pain. After prenatal exercise, the majority (59.4%) experienced reduced pain in the mild category. The Wilcoxon test yielded a Z value of -3.122 with p = 0.002 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant effect of prenatal exercise in reducing lower back pain. Conclusion: Prenatal exercise effectively reduces lower back pain intensity in third-trimester pregnant women. It should be promoted as a non-pharmacological intervention for pregnancy-related back pain and incorporated into maternal health programs.

Self-adjustment is an interaction ability to establish a good relationship between individuals and their environment. New student self-adjustment is a challenge to deal with changes from high school to college. Changes in terms of academic, social, emotional and institutional attachment are much more difficult than the previous level of education so that new students have difficulty adjusting. This study aims to determine the description of the self-adjustment. Methods: The type of research design used is descriptive with a cross sectional design. The instrument used is a questionnaire with google form media. The population in this study are 99 respondents. The sampling technique uses total sampling technique with a sample size of 99 respondents. Results: Based on the results of the study analyzed using univariate analysis, it shows that new students have a high level of self-adjustment, namely 68 people (68.7%) and moderate self-adjustment as many as 31 people (31.3%). Low self-adjustment can be caused by self-doubt, lack of self-confidence, lack of openness from others and excessive stress. Conclusion: So the researcher expects new students to multiply relationships, improve talents and skills, follow guidance during the learning process in lectures and seek support and motivation from mentors, friends, and family.  

This paper describes the dynamics of legal politics in the regulation of Simultaneous Regional Elections in Indonesia with a focus on the effectiveness of implementation and its impact on local democracy. Simultaneous Regional Elections, which began in 2015, are the government's efforts to improve the efficiency of regional head elections while strengthening the democratic system. However, its implementation faces various challenges, such as regulatory complexity, potential political conflict, and impacts on the quality of representation at the local level. This study uses a juridical-normative approach with a qualitative analysis method to evaluate the laws and regulations governing Simultaneous Regional Elections, including Law Number 10 of 2016 and its implementing policies. Data were obtained through literature studies, legal documents, and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The results of the study show that, although Simultaneous Regional Elections bring benefits in the form of budget efficiency and strengthening political stability, this policy also poses a number of challenges. Among them are the gap in local government capacity, strengthening political oligarchy, and decreasing the quality of community participation at the local level. In addition, the implementation of Simultaneous Regional Elections tends to sacrifice regional autonomy in the context of local democracy, given the homogenization of election times that do not always match regional needs. This study recommends the need for a revision of regulations that are more adaptive to local needs, increasing public political education, and strengthening the capacity of election organizers to ensure that Simultaneous Regional Elections can run effectively without sacrificing the principles of local democracy.

Hafiz Quran Program at Al-Quran Education Park (TPQ) is an important initiative in Efforts to increase the interest in reading and understanding of Muslims towards the holy book. This research Aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Hafiz Quran program in TPQ, with a focus on Teaching methods, level of student achievement, as well as their impact on development Character. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach and Data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Results from research This shows that the program is not only successful in improving the ability Reading or memorizing Al-Quran, but also greatly contributes to the formation of morals And santri character. Interactive and fun teaching methods, as well as support from Competent teachers, become a determining factor in the success of the program. Other than that, there is Challenges in maintaining student motivation, especially in the long term. This research recommends the need for a more varied curriculum development and Training for teachers to overcome these challenges. Thus, the Hafiz program Quran in TPQ is expected to continue to contribute positively in the formation of a generation that Loves Al-Quran and has a good character.

Cigarettes have become a habit in society and bring negative effects to oneself and those around, one of which is the emergence of various diseases such as heart disease and vascular disorders. The method used in this community empowerment involves Rapid Rural Appraisal (RAA) by conducting physical interventions through several counseling sessions related to smoking issues and non-physical interventions in the form of installing no-smoking banners in homes. This empowerment activity was conducted in RW 04, Yudanagara Village, Cihideung, Tasikmalaya City. The community empowerment activities conducted include outreach and demonstrations as well as the installation of educational banners. The indicators of the success of the outreach are an increase in participants' knowledge through pre-test and post-test by 50% compared to their knowledge level before attending the outreach, as well as the implementation of a herbal drink-making demonstration. The educational banner contains content about the dangers of smoking indoors. The activities carried out were well-planned, and their implementation can be said to have gone smoothly and successfully.

The research aims to build a training programme according to the dimensions of the professional motivation of accountants and its impact on the development of technical Literacy by verifying the validity of the following null hypothesis: "There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of accountants of the experimental group and those who will subject accountants to the training programme based on the dimensions of professional motivation and the average scores of accountants for the control group who will not subject accountants to training in the training programme in technical Literacy.To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers used the experimental design with two equivalent groups (experimental and control), as 42 accountants were randomly selected (by lot) as a sample for research from the accountants of the General Directorate of Education of Qadisiyah for the academic year 2024-2025, by 21 accountants for the experimental group and 21 accountants for the control group.The training programme was built according to three stages (planning, design, evaluation), and then trained accountants of the experimental group for a period of (11) days by two sessions per day using the training programme according to the dimensions of professional motivation, and the researcher prepared a scale for technical Literacy of the type of multiple choice (40 items), and their sincerity and stability were verified, as the stability coefficient for testing the scale reached (90, 0) and the stability coefficient of the observation card was (0.86), for the scale test (0.89) and they were applied after the end of the experiment. And the researcher used the statistical programme SPSS.The accountants of the experimental group outperformed the accountants of the control group in the scale test, and in light of the results of the research, the researcher recommended the possibility of adopting the training programme prepared according to the dimensions of professional motivation.

Tawhid is a fundamental concept in Islamic teachings that teaches the oneness of Allah SWT and is the basis of all deeds. A correct understanding of tawhid is very important to maintain faith and safety in this world and the hereafter. This study aims to understand the basic concept of tawhid, analyze the types of tawhid, examine the relationship between types of tawhid, and identify the importance of instilling the values ​​of tawhid in life, especially at an early age. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, which is a library research. Data were collected through literature reviews from various sources relevant to the theme of tawhid. The results of the study found that tawhid can be divided into three interrelated levels, namely Rububiyah tawhid, Uluhiyah or ubudiyah tawhid, and Asma' wa Sifat tawhid. Instilling the values ​​of tawhid from an early age is very important to form a child's personality that is strong in faith. A correct understanding and practice of tawhid will lead individuals to safety in this world and the hereafter. With a strong foundation of tawhid, a person can survive various challenges that can shake his faith.

Political education has a strategic role in increasing the participation of the younger generation, especially Generation Z (Gen Z), in the democratic process. This service activity aims to increase the awareness and understanding of Gen Z politics in Merauke Regency ahead of the 2024 Regional Head General Election (Pemilukada). The methods used include interactive lectures based on the results of the Gen Z political participation survey and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) which is divided into six discussion groups. The lecture aims to provide an overview of the conditions of political participation, while the FGD encourages participants to delve into local political issues and formulate strategic recommendations. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of the democratic process, the mechanism of Pemilukada, and the importance of active participation in voting. Participants were also able to identify challenges to political participation, such as the influence of misinformation and apathy, as well as provide innovative proposals, such as the use of social media as a political education tool. This active participation-based approach is in line with the theory of political participation and deliberative democracy, which emphasizes the importance of rational discussion to strengthen the legitimacy of democracy. This activity concluded that political education designed contextually and interactively is effective in preparing Gen Z to play an active role in Pemilukada. Similar programs need to be continued on an ongoing basis to strengthen the political awareness of the younger generation and improve the quality of democracy at the local level. By harnessing the potential of digital technology and participatory approaches, political education can be a catalyst in building a generation of critical, intelligent, and responsible voters.

Poverty in Aceh Province is a significant challenge with variation between districts/cities due to differences in access to education, health, job opportunities, and infrastructure. This study aims to group districts/cities in Aceh based on poverty indicators in 2021 in order to produce a more targeted policy basis. The research data consists of 23 poverty indicators obtained from secondary sources. Cluster analysis is applied using hierarchical (average linkage) and non-hierarchical (K-Means) methods to identify poverty patterns between regions. The results of the hierarchical cluster show that there are two main groups, namely the first cluster has low poverty rates, higher education, strong purchasing power, and low unemployment, while the second cluster has the opposite characteristics. The non-hierarchical analysis (K-Means) produced five clusters with significant differences in poverty levels, labor force participation, education, and economy. These findings provide a basis for the Aceh government to design poverty alleviation policies that focus on the specific needs of each cluster to accelerate the improvement of welfare in all districts/cities in Aceh Province.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by abnormal blood sugar levels whose prevalence is increasing in Indonesia, including in Tasikmalaya City. Based on the Tasikmalaya City Health Office report in 2023, there were 11,782 DM patients, with 744 cases recorded in the Tawang Health Center working area. Tawangsari Village, namely RW 01, has health problems related to DM where people are less aware of the importance of implementing a healthy lifestyle, especially doing physical activity and limited posyandu services. The purpose of this “SEMANGGI” program is to increase community knowledge and awareness about DM prevention through education and joint gymnastics. The method used was participatory-based, involving health education through lectures, questions and answers, and the completion of pre-test and post-test to measure knowledge improvement. In addition, joint exercises designed to support a healthy lifestyle were conducted. Evaluation results showed a significant increase in community knowledge scores from an average of 2.65 in the pre-test to 4.45 in the post-test (p<0.001). This program demonstrates the effectiveness of participatory-based community empowerment in improving knowledge and promoting a healthy lifestyle to prevent DM. The sustainability of activities like this is needed to optimize its positive impact on public health.

Household financial management is a crucial factor in maintaining family financial stability, particularly in the face of economic uncertainty. This study examines the strategies employed by households in managing their finances, including budgeting, expenditure control, savings, and investment, as well as the challenges encountered during economic crises. Through a combination of literature review and case studies, the research reveals that households with clear financial planning and adequate emergency funds are more resilient in times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors such as income levels, education, and financial literacy significantly influence household financial decisions, while consumption patterns driven by social media often present a challenge. Effective strategies identified include strict budgeting, reducing non-essential expenditures, and prioritizing long-term savings and investments. This study underscores the importance of financial literacy and awareness in household financial management as key to achieving financial stability amidst global and domestic economic uncertainties.

Based on the record owned by the cadre, there are currently 97 babies and toddlers. However, the attendance rate of mothers and toddlers at the Mawar Indah Posyandu  (integrated health service post) averages only 35% each month. This low attendance rate attracted researchers to initiate a community counseling program with goals to increase awareness and participation among mothers of infants and toddlers in the area.  The approach to community empowerment adopted in this study is centered on a public health education campaign, highlighting the critical role of Posyandu in supporting the growth and development of infants and toddlers. The initiative included key steps starting with presenting the benefits of Posyandu for children's growth and developments, engaging participants in a discussion session, and providing door prizes as incentives. The result of the outreach program is attended by 28 mothers along with their children. However, at this level of attendance achieved an average at 28.8%, falling short of the defined success indicators and lower than the previous rate. This outcome was influenced by several factors as outlined in H.L. Bloom’s theory, including environmental factors, individual behavior, healthcare services, and genetic predispositions. The findings indicate that despite efforts to increase awareness and participation, the involvement of mothers with infants and toddlers in the area remains insufficient. Contributing factors include environmental, behavioral, and healthcare service factors. To achieve more optimal results, improvements in these aspects are essential to increase maternal participation in Posyandu programs.