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This investigation examines the implementation of linguistic politeness in English as Foreign Language (EFL) instruction in Karawang, with particular emphasis on faculty-student interactions. Utilizing an ethnographic qualitative methodology, the research encompasses one faculty member and thirty-five, first-semester students. Data acquisition was conducted through non-participant classroom observations and semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings demonstrate that the faculty member systematically implemented politeness strategies through indirect communication and face-threatening acts management. The incorporation of Sundanese cultural values in instruction was manifested in the utilization of address systems and modifications in communication approaches. The implementation of politeness significantly contributed to the enhancement of students' communicative competence and the establishment of a conducive learning environment. This research underscores the significance of integrating linguistic politeness and indigenous cultural values in EFL instruction to facilitate pedagogical effectiveness.  

The study investigates the efficacy of implementing the Regional Financial Management Information System (SIMKD) in Semarang Regency. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, findings reveal suboptimal effectiveness in SIMKD implementation. Factors influencing this include human resource competency, information technology infrastructure availability, leadership engagement, and organizational culture. Proposed strategies to enhance SIMKD effectiveness encompass developing human resources, fortifying IT infrastructure, fostering leadership commitment, and nurturing a performance-driven organizational ethos. This research contributes theoretically and practically toward optimizing SIMKD utilization for more efficient, transparent, accountable, and effective regional financial administration.

This research aims to analyze the role and participation of the community in the development of Upas Crater tourist destination in Tangkuban Perahu Mountain area, West Java. Methods This research uses qualitative with descriptive approach, data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with community leaders, local community leaders, local tourism businesses, and visitors, as well as documentation studies. The results showed that the surrounding community plays an active role in various aspects of tourism development, including: 1. Provision of facilities and Provision of tourist facilities and services, 2. Preservation of the environment and local culture, 3. Management of tourist area security, and 4. Promotion of tourism through various social media. However, there are still some obstacles such as limited human resource skills, lack of business capital, and lack of coordination between stakeholders. This research recommends the need for capacity building the community through tourism training, strengthening local institutions, and optimizing cooperation between the community, government, and stakeholders. optimization of cooperation between the community, government, and private sector in the development of tourism destinations. development of a sustainable Upas Crater tourist destination.

This study aims to reveal the efforts of Islamic jurisprudence teachers in getting students used to performing Dhuha prayers at Pamaciran Elementary Madrasah. This habituation is an important part of developing students' religious character through worship practices. The approach used in this study is qualitative with a case study type. The subjects of the study consisted of fifth grade students of Pamaciran Elementary Madrasah, which were determined through snowball sampling techniques. Data were collected through interview methods and observations of worship habituation activities carried out by teachers and students. The results of the study indicate that the efforts of Islamic jurisprudence teachers in getting students used to Dhuha prayers include four main strategies, namely: (1) providing motivation to students, (2) providing direct guidance, (3) training students through routine habits, and (4) conducting regular supervision. The impact of these efforts can be seen from the increasing enthusiasm of students in worship, the ease of students in understanding the procedures for Dhuha prayers, and increasing discipline in carrying out worship. Thus, the role of Islamic jurisprudence teachers is very important in fostering a culture of worship in the madrasah environment.

The church has the main mandate to carry out the Great Commission as written in Matthew 28:18-20. In the context of an increasingly complex multicultural society in the digital era and society 5.0, the church is faced with the challenge of delivering the gospel in a relevant manner without losing its theological essence. This research aims to examine the theological contribution of the church in carrying out the Great Commission in a multicultural society and formulate effective strategies in evangelism. Using a qualitative method based on literature review, this research analyses literature from various sources of theology, sociology of religion, and multiculturalism studies. The results show that the church has an important role in building social harmony through interfaith dialogue, multicultural education, and inclusive and contextual evangelism strategies. Churches that understand local cultures can bridge social and religious differences without losing Christian values. In addition, the utilisation of digital technology in church mission strategies allows for greater reach in the spread of the gospel. However, challenges remain, including theological differences, resistance to evangelism, as well as limited church resources in social ministry. Therefore, a collaborative approach with various communities becomes a strategic solution to strengthen the impact of the church's ministry. This research confirms that the church needs to continue developing mission methods that are relevant to the times, while remaining true to its theological principles. By actively engaging in social ministry and interfaith dialogue, the church can become an agent of social transformation that brings peace and prosperity to a multicultural society.

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) policies and their impact on the performance and career development of young talent in star-rated hotels in Semarang City that have adopted the Green Hotel concept. Using a qualitative approach and case study design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with young employees, HR managers, and hotel management, as well as direct observation and document analysis. The results show that GHRM practices, such as recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, and employee involvement, have been implemented with varying levels of depth across these hotels. GHRM practices have been shown to positively impact the performance of young employees and open up career development opportunities. However, the effectiveness of GHRM implementation is influenced by various factors, such as management commitment, policy clarity, training quality, resource availability, organizational culture, and communication and feedback systems. The findings of this study contribute theoretically to the GHRM and strategic HRM literature and provide practical implications for HR management in the hospitality industry in supporting sustainable tourism development. These results highlight the importance of synergy between GHRM policies and managerial commitment in creating a work environment that supports sustainability and employee career development, particularly for young talent who have the potential to become future leaders.

The purpose of the study was to determine the direct and indirect influence of workload variables, organizational culture on organizational citizenship behavior through organizational commitment on employees of PT. Daihatsu Capella Medan. The type of research is associative causal and uses quantitative research methods. The population in this study were all employees at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu totaling 78 people. The sampling method used the nonprobability sampling method with the census sampling technique. So the sample in this study was 78 employees at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu. The results of the study are workload directly has a significant effect on organizational commitment at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu. Organizational culture directly has a significant effect on organizational commitment at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu. Workload directly has a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu. Organizational culture directly has not significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu. Organizational commitment directly has a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu. Workload indirectly has a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior through organizational commitment at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu. Organizational culture indirectly has a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior through organizational commitment at PT. Capella Medan Daihatsu.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of organizational culture and non-physical work environment on the work-life balance of Generation Z employees in Bekasi. Generation Z, born between 1997 and 2012, has unique characteristics and special needs that companies need to understand in the world of work. An integrative and collaborative organizational culture and a flexible, adaptable, and non-physical work environment are believed to play an important role in achieving work-life balance. The research method used is quantitative with data collection using a questionnaire of 50 respondents, then processing it using SmartPLS to test validation, reliability, and relationships between variables. The results show that organizational culture significantly affects work life balance, while the non-physical work environment has no significant effect on work life balance.

Sundanese culture is one of Indonesia's rich and unique cultures. Sundanese culture is known as a culture that upholds high manners. Sundanese has very diverse arts, for example pupuh, pupuh can be categorized as one of the Sundanese arts. Pupuh is an inseparable part of Sundanese tradition and culture, so preserving it means preserving cultural heritage. Pupuh is also a traditional poetic work in Sundanese literature that has characteristics that have certain rules such as the number of syllables (guru wilangan), the final sound of the word (guru lagu), and the number of lines (pada lisan) in each stanza. In addition, pupuh also has its own character or characteristics that distinguish it from one another. However, pupuh is not just written poetry. Pupuh is also often combined with music and dance. So that it becomes a complete art performance. Pupuh production involves creativity in word choice, rhyme and rhythm to convey a message. The themes raised in pupuh are very diverse, ranging from love, affection, life, daily life, to advice and moral teachings. Through pupuh, we can understand more about the history, customs and noble values of the Sundanese people.Pupuh kinanti and pupuh balakbak are pupuh in Sundanese literature. Pupuh kinanti is a pupuh known for its expression of affection. The characteristic of pupuh kinanti lies in its guru wilangan and guru lagunya. While pupuh balakbak is a pupuh that is more inclined to the theme of humor, satire, and even social criticism. The language used is more relaxed and straightforward, has a different guru song and guru wilangan from kinanti. The basic difference between pupuh kinanti and balakbak lies in the theme, atmosphere, and social function. Pupuh kinanti is more introspective and explores inner feelings while pupuh balakbak is more extroverted and functions as a means of entertainment.Besides being a form of self-expression, pupuh also has social functions such as education, entertainment, and cultural preservation. Pupuh has developed over time, both in terms of form and content. Pupuh is not only present in literary works, but also in the daily life of the Sundanese community, for example in folk songs or rhymes.

This study aims to analyze the social aspects in the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata. This novel depicts the social reality of the Belitong Malay community which faces various challenges, especially in the fields of education, economy, and culture. Through a literary sociology approach, this analysis reveals how social, economic, and cultural backgrounds shape the characters and conflicts in the story. The results of the study show that the novel Laskar Pelangi represents the struggle of the lower class in accessing education, the social inequality that occurs due to the exploitation of natural resources by mining companies, as well as the spirit of friendship and solidarity that is a strength in facing difficulties. This novel not only inspires readers with its moral messages but also reflects the complex and dynamic social conditions of Indonesian society.

This research began with initial observations that showed that public services at the Langkaplancar District office were not optimal, so that the people served were not satisfied. Contributing factors include limited employee abilities and skills, suboptimal service, and slow service process. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method with a population of 8 employees in Langkaplancar District, Pangandaran Regency, using census techniques or saturated samples. Data is collected through questionnaires, interviews, and observations, as well as documentation of relevant activity and regulatory reports. The results of the study show that: Work culture has a positive and significant influence on public services; the better the work culture, the better the public service, the effectiveness of the organization also has a positive and significant effect on public services; the better the effectiveness of the organization, the better the public service, the work culture and the effectiveness of the organization together have a positive and significant effect on public services; The better the work culture and organizational effectiveness, the better the public service.

Community Based Tourism (CBT) is one of the approaches in tourism development. The Community Based Tourism approach can be viewed from several dimensions, namely dimensions; economic, social, cultural, political. This study aims to analyze the social dimension in Community Based Tourism (CBT) in Fatukoto Village, Timor Tengah Sekatan Regency, with a focus on community involvement, development of community pride, and improving the quality of life of local communities. This research uses a qualitative approach, data collection using interview techniques, observation and literature study. The data collected consisted of primary data obtained through interviews and observations, and secondary data obtained from documents in the village office and the management group. The collected data were then processed and analyzed. The results showed that the management and development of tourist destinations. The results showed that the active participation of the community, pride in local culture, and an increase in the quality of life of the community were key factors in the success of community-based tourism in Fatukoto village. But on the other hand, the income received by the community is still considered low because the existing jobs are still micro and medium enterprises and the income of the community is still considered low.

This research departs from the phenomenon of the mushrooming of coffee shops in Makassar, which significantly affects the pattern of activities and social interactions of urban communities. Coffee shops are now an inseparable part of urban life, creating new spaces that are full of symbolic meaning. This research aims to reveal how the transformation of urban people's lifestyles occurs through the existence of coffee shops as public spaces. The approach used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive type, which aims to provide an in-depth picture of this phenomenon through case studies on several coffee shops that represent these characteristics. The results of the study show that coffee shops not only function as a place to enjoy drinks, but also as a public space that reflects the social and cultural identity of the community. The existence of coffee shops creates a symbol of prestige for its visitors, which indirectly makes hanging out in coffee shops an indicator of certain social status. This is closely related to the hedonistic lifestyle, where individuals are willing to spend time and money just to hang out in order to strengthen their self-image in front of the public. In addition, this study also found that coffee shops have become an arena for lifestyle expression influenced by advertisements and trends, where visitors feel the need to adjust their appearance, including wearing clothes that are popular in the latest fashion trends, in order to maintain the existence and social credibility in their environment. Thus, coffee shops in Makassar are not only a place of recreation, but also a social phenomenon that reflects changes in the lifestyle of urban people, which are influenced by aspects of prestige, consumerism, and popular culture dynamics. This research contributes to understanding the role of public spaces such as coffee shops in shaping the lifestyle of modern urban communities.    

Abstract, Performance appraisal and promotion management are crucial elements in human resource management aimed at increasing productivity and creating a competitive work culture. Performance appraisal enables objective evaluation of employee contributions, identifying training needs, and building transparent career development paths. Meritocratic-based promotion not only encourages employee motivation and loyalty, but also minimizes the potential for internal conflict and the risk of bias. The results of the study indicate that an effective performance appraisal system contributes to talent retention, job satisfaction, and innovation in the organization. With a structured and development-oriented approach, companies can ensure sustainable productivity and strong leadership.    

This research is entitled The Effectiveness of School Operational Assistance Fund Management in Improving the Quality of Education (Case Study at SD Negeri Danau Ina Oesapa). The purpose of this study is to analyze the management of school operational assistance funds at Lake Ina Oesapa State Elementary School in improving the quality of education, which includes the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, while the type of research used in this study is a descriptive case study research. The results of the study show that SD Negeri Danau Ina Oesapa in the effectiveness of the management of school operational assistance funds (BOS) in improving the quality of education can be said to be effective. This can be seen from the first, the planning for the management of BOS funds at SD Negeri Ina Oesapa begins by compiling RKAS based on needs and in accordance with the components of BOS fund financing to improve the quality of education. Second, the implementation of BOS fund management at SD Negeri Ina Oesapa is adjusted to the RKAS which has been determined to improve the quality of education and in accordance with the BOS fund guidelines. Third, the evaluation of the management of BOS funds at SD Negeri Ina Oesapa is carried out by the principal and the government (Kupang City Education and Culture Office), the evaluation is carried out at the end of each year to correct errors in the management of BOS funds. Even so, there are still inhibiting factors in the management of school operational assistance (BOS) funds, namely, the disbursement of funds often experiences delays in BOS funds, schools are limited in making heavy repairs so that schools are still experiencing a shortage of rooms, and some students whose names are not readable in financial data. It is recommended that the central government needs to accelerate the distribution of BOS funds so that it is on time. Schools are expected to continue to develop facilities and infrastructure.

This research is motivated by the low performance of employees which can be seen from the quality and quantity of work that is still not in accordance with the planning. The low performance of employees is thought to be influenced by ineffective communication, low employee commitment, and organizational culture that is still not conducive. The purpose of this study is to determine how communication affects organizational performance, how commitment affects organizational performance, how organizational culture affects organizational performance, and how communication, commitment and organizational culture together affect organizational performance. The method used in this study uses a quantitative descriptive method. To analyze it, statistical correlation and multiple regression test data analysis was used using SPSS version 22.00. The results of the study obtained provide the conclusion that communication has a positive and significant effect on organizational performance, commitment has a positive effect on organizational performance, organizational culture has a positive effect on organizational performance and communication, commitment and organizational culture together affect organizational performance.

The design of a creative industry development center that focuses on the culinary and music subsectors aims to facilitate the growth and development of creative industry players in these two subsectors, so that they can contribute positively to the local economy. The facilities in this center will be designed to meet the needs of production, training, exhibition, and sales in the culinary and music subsectors. It is expected that the design of the Creative Industry Development Center will encourage local economic growth, create new jobs, improve the skills of industry players, and support the image of Medan City as a quality creative industry center. By connecting the culinary and music subsectors in one center, the synergy between the two can produce unique and inspiring collaborations, enrich local culture, and present products that are competitive in the global market. By applying a tropical architecture approach, the design will consider aspects of local culture, climate, and environment in designing optimal buildings and spaces to support the growth of creative industries.

  The essentialist school of philosophy is a school of philosophy that wants humans to return to their old culture. The emergence of this ideology was a reaction to the absolute and dogmatic symbolism of the Middle Ages. In this way, a systematic and comprehensive concept regarding humans and the universe is formed that is in accordance with the needs of the times. This essentialism assumes that education based on the core belief in flexibility in all its forms can produce views that are easily changed, easily swayed, directionless, and less stable. Therefore, education must be based on values that are stable, proven, long-term, and have values that enable a country's education to remain stable and focused. The aim of the essentialist educational philosophy is to improve the character of society through existing cultural heritage, so that later students can contribute to improving social life in the face of changing times that can damage character values. The purpose of this paper is to examine the philosophy of essentialism from the perspective of Islamic education using library research methods. Based on the research results, it is stated that essentialist schools have a view of the field of education, namely educational goals, educational curriculum, educators, students and the environment. Apart from that, there are several views that can be used as measuring tools and should be taken seriously. These are the ontological view, epistemological view and axiomatic view.

The title of this study is the meaning of Oko Mama in the Sono Village Community, North Amanatun District, Sout Centeral Timor Regency. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the meaning of Oko Mama in the Sono Village Community. The theory used ini this research is using qualitative research method in analyzing data obtained in the field. In determining the informants who were interviewed, three people were used, consisting of the head of Sono Village, Traditional Elders and the Community. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of Oko Mama in the Sono Village Community, Oko Mama is a tradition inherited from ancestors that must be preserved and applied in everyday life. And in any activity, the community uses Oko Mama as the main media to open the activity. Based on the results of the study above, the author explains several things as follows: Through research, it is hoped that the people of Sono Village will love local culture more because culture has the identity of a region. And it is hoped that the community can provide knowledge for the next generation about the importance of preserving the Oko Mama culture.

Goat urine is liquid waste from goat feces. Goat urine is able to provide macro and micro nutrients and contains growth regulators (ZPT) that plants need. Goat urine contains 1.5% nitrogen, 0.13% phosphorus, and 1.8% potassium. Goat urine contains natural hormones of IAA, gibberellin, and cytokinin higher than other livestock urine. Goat urine processing can be done by fermentation. Fermentation is a process of chemical changes in an organic substrate through enzyme activity produced by microorganisms. The results of fermentation of organic materials such as sugar, alcohol, amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and other organic compounds are easily absorbed directly by plant roots. The use of effective microorganisms in the manufacture of goat urine fermented liquid organic fertilizer aims to accelerate the fermentation process. Effective microorganisms or also known as probiotics are mixed cultures of various types of beneficial microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes yeasts, fermentation fungi that can improve soil microbes. The use of solid waste of goat manure is commonly done by farmers, but the use of liquid waste (urine) of fermented goats has not been widely known. Therefore, it is important to optimize the use of fermented goat urine as liquid organic fertilizer.