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Malaria remains a major public health challenge in eastern Indonesia, particularly in the remote highland areas Papua, where access to health services is very limited. In early 2008, a suspected malaria outbreak with several deaths was reported in Agisiga District, a remote highland area in Papua. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics, diagnostic results, and mortality patterns of the malaria outbreak as a basis for formulating future control strategies. The outbreak investigation was conducted using a cross-sectional design in Agisiga District from January to March 2008. Capillary blood samples were examined using Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) and thin blood smear microscopy. Malaria-related deaths were traced through verbal autopsy methods and interviews with families and community leaders. Descriptive analysis was performed to describe the demographic, clinical, and parasitological characteristics the cases. A total of 92 suspected malaria cases were identified, with the highest proportion coming from Tomosiga Village (52.2%), followed by Bigasiga Village (40.2%) and Agisiga Village (7.6%). Women accounted for 58.7% of all cases, and the most affected age group was 15–35 years (34.8%). Microscopic examination confirmed malaria infection in 55.0% of samples examined, with Plasmodium vivax predominating (45.0%), while the RDT positivity rate was much lower. The malaria outbreak in Agisiga District was characterized by high mortality, delayed diagnosis, and significant gaps in diagnostic capacity, particularly in remote villages. Strengthening the surveillance system, increasing diagnostic capacity, and improving access to timely treatment are crucial steps prevent similar outbreaks and reduce malaria mortality in the Papuan highlands.

The Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDesma) plays an important role in empowering the local community's economy. BUMDesma "Bumi Artha Mandiri LKD" in Kemujan Village runs a revolving loan program to meet the capital needs of the community, particularly for micro-business actors. This study aims to describe the structure, procedures, and performance of the accounting system applied to the program, as well as to identify obstacles and efforts for improvement. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection through direct observation, interviews with BUMDesma managers and borrower members, and financial document analysis. The results show that the running accounting system includes modules for member registration, lending, payments, and financial reports with recording procedures in accordance with basic accounting principles. The advantages of this system include high transparency and adequate risk control, but it still faces challenges such as limited technology, management capacity, and availability of accurate data. Planned improvements include the adoption of information technology, continuous training, and enhanced cooperation with the community. The study concludes that the existing accounting system has made a positive contribution, but it needs to be strengthened to support the sustainability of the revolving loan program and the economic empowerment of the village.

Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) is a community engagement program organized by Universitas Negeri Padang as an implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. This program was conducted in Nagari Sikucur, V Koto Kampung Dalam District, Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra Province, from January 9 to February 9, 2026. The program aimed to empower the local community through a participatory approach based on the identification of local needs and potentials. The methods applied consisted of several stages, including observation, planning, implementation, evaluation, and reporting, while actively involving community members in every activity. The implemented programs covered several areas, such as education and religious development, social and psychosocial activities, as well as economic empowerment and strengthening of village physical facilities. The results of the activities indicated an increase in community participation, the strengthening of religious values and social solidarity, and support for the development of local economic potential. Despite several challenges, including limited implementation time and adjustments to program targets, the collaborative approach proved effective in encouraging community engagement. Therefore, the KKN program of Universitas Negeri Padang in Nagari Sikucur contributed positively to strengthening the social, religious, and economic capacities of the local community.

Instilling saving habits from an early age is an essential component of character education, particularly in fostering discipline, responsibility, and independence. Initial observations at PAUD Nurul Islam, Jelutih Village indicate that early childhood saving interest remains relatively low due to limited engaging learning media and the absence of structured habituation. This Community Service Program (KKN) aims to foster early childhood saving interest through creative piggy bank media aligned with children’s developmental characteristics. The implementation method comprised planning, execution, and evaluation stages. During execution, children were introduced to saving concepts through simple storytelling and interactive dialogue, followed by hands-on creation of creative piggy banks using simple, child-friendly materials. These piggy banks were then used to habituate saving behavior. The results demonstrate increased enthusiasm and saving interest among children, reflected in their willingness to set aside money and heightened responsibility toward their piggy banks. Therefore, creative piggy bank media serve as an effective alternative learning tool for fostering saving interest and positive character development among early childhood learners at PAUD Nurul Islam, Jelutih Village.

Malaria remains a significant public health problem in several endemic areas in Indonesia. Understanding temporal and epidemiological changes at the local level is crucial for effective malaria control and elimination. This study aims to analyze changes in malaria epidemiological patterns based on routine surveillance data at the Yaro Community Health Center, Indonesia, during the period 2023–2025. This is a retrospective, longitudinal descriptive study using routine malaria surveillance data. Variables analyzed include temporal trends, Plasmodium species distribution, demographic characteristics, spatial distribution, and case-finding strategies. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and proportions. A total of 9,677 malaria examinations were recorded, with 546 confirmed cases. Malaria cases showed a significant increase in 2025. Plasmodium vivax was the most dominant species, with a steadily increasing proportion of mixed infections. Adults aged 15–64 years and men were the most affected groups. Spatial analysis showed regional heterogeneity with persistent hotspots at the village level. Passive case detection remains the primary method, while active surveillance is increasingly contributing to case identification. Malaria epidemiology in the Yaro region exhibits dynamic temporal, demographic, and spatial patterns. Strengthening integrated surveillance and targeted interventions is essential to address persistent transmission and support malaria elimination efforts.

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease with a high prevalence and is a major risk factor for serious complications such as stroke and heart disease. Low public awareness and limited capacity of health workers to provide education and early detection pose challenges in hypertension prevention efforts at the community level. The program “Capacity Building for Health Workers as an Effort to Prevent and Control Hypertension in Mandiangin Timur Village” was implemented by Field Learning Experience (PBL) Group 20 students in August 2025 in Mandiangin Timur Village, Karang Intan District, Banjar Regency. The intervention was carried out through interactive lectures, discussions, and the use of educational media in the form of posters, leaflets, and videos. The targets of the activity consisted of 17 cadres and 30 villagers. Knowledge evaluation using pre-tests and post-tests showed an increase in the average score of cadres from 95.28 to 96.46, while the community increased from 76 to 92.33. Blood pressure checks also showed that most participants were in stage 1–2 hypertension, emphasizing the need for ongoing education. This program proved effective in increasing the capacity of cadres and community knowledge about risk factors, prevention, and management of hypertension. In addition, this activity strengthened the role of cadres as agents of change in ongoing efforts to control hypertension at the village level.

The global environmental crisis requires a development approach that not only focuses on economic aspects but also on ecological sustainability and humanity's moral responsibility toward nature. The perspective of ecotheology views the environment as a trust that must be preserved through spiritual awareness and social practices. This community service aims to internalize the values of ecotheology to strengthen ecological culture and support sustainable village development. The method used is a participatory approach based on community empowerment through three stages: preparation, implementation, and follow-up. The core activities include educating ecotheology values, fish seed distribution, tree planting, and strengthening waste bank management. The results show an increase in ecological awareness among the community, marked by a change in their view of environmental responsibility, the development of eco-friendly habits, and strengthened social solidarity. The integration of spiritual values in ecological practices has proven effective in building a collective culture that supports village sustainability. This program demonstrates that a value-based approach and direct experience can drive a sustainable transformation of ecological behavior.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in the economy and community independence. However, the great potential of home-based businesses is often hindered by administrative issues related to business legality. This research focuses on UMKM Krecek Kulit Sapi Ashif in Jatirejo Village, which has been operating since 2018 but lacks a Business Identification Number (NIB), Household Industry Food (PIRT) permit, and halal certification due to perceived complex procedures. The main objective of this activity is to strengthen business management through product standardization and obtaining legal certifications to enhance the competitiveness of this MSME. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach with a community service method based on mentoring, including observation, in-depth interviews, and hands-on practice in managing documents through the Online Single Submission system. The results show that through phased mentoring, UMKM Krecek Kulit Sapi Ashif successfully obtained an NIB and increased the owner’s awareness of PIRT food safety standards and halal certification procedures. The impact of this activity includes meeting administrative legality and improving knowledge, confidence, and professionalism in business management. Intensive mentoring proved crucial in transforming informal businesses into formal, legally protected entities.

This community service activity was motivated by the limited capacity of village officials in providing government administration services, particularly in managing correspondence, archiving documents, and implementing standard operating procedures for services. This condition has resulted in the suboptimal quality of public services at the village level. The objective of this activity was to improve the capacity and competence of village officials in providing village government administration services to be more effective, efficient, and accountable. The method used was a participatory approach through the stages of problem identification, joint planning, regulation socialization, technical training, service simulations, and implementation assistance. The subjects of the activity were officials from Kadur Village, North Rupat District, Bengkalis Regency. The results of the activity showed an increase in the officials' understanding and skills in administrative management, the development of a more standardized administrative document format, and a growing collective awareness of the importance of orderly administration as part of good governance. In addition, internal leadership initiatives emerged that encouraged sustainable change within the village government environment. Overall, this activity had a positive impact on improving the quality of village administration services and was the first step towards a more professional transformation of village governance.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in economic development; however, their competitiveness is often constrained by weak branding and limited digital marketing capabilities. This community engagement program aimed to strengthen brand identity and digital capacity of the “Pukle” catfish cracker MSME in Karangsuwung Village, Cirebon Regency, through an integrated branding and sharia-based digital marketing approach. A participatory–collaborative method was employed, consisting of needs assessment, Workshops, technical mentoring, and monitoring and evaluation. The interventions included the development of brand identity elements (logo, tagline, and visual guidelines), improvement of informative packaging, activation and optimization of WhatsApp Business, and utilization of TikTok Shop as a social commerce channel. In addition, a standard operating procedure for sharia-compliant digital content based on the principles of shiddiq (truthfulness), amanah (trustworthiness), fathanah (competence), and tabligh (communicativeness) was formulated to enhance consumer trust. The results indicate improvements in product professionalism, digital channel management, content consistency, and customer interaction. The integration of branding and sharia digital marketing proved relevant in building differentiation, expanding market access, and strengthening long-term business reputation. The program highlights that MSME digital transformation requires capacity building, continuous mentoring, and ethical value integration to ensure sustainable competitiveness.

Tawiri Village, Teluk Ambon District, possesses non-timber forest product (NTFP) potential, including patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) as a high-value essential oil producer. Patchouli cultivation development faces limitations in farmers' capacity regarding technical cultivation, post-harvest handling, and product downstream processing. This community service activity aims to enhance the Citra Aroma Forest Farmer Group (KTH) capacity in sustainable patchouli cultivation. Activities were conducted from September to November 2025 using a participatory knowledge transfer approach based on the Knowledge Transfer Framework, encompassing awareness, acquisition, application, and knowledge utilization-evaluation stages. Implementation included socialization, technical training, field demonstrations, and cultivation mentoring. Results demonstrate increased knowledge and skills among KTH members in seedling selection, land preparation, planting techniques, and patchouli maintenance. The main output is a Pocket Book on Sustainable Patchouli Cultivation SOP integrating scientific knowledge with local practices. This activity contributes to strengthening farmer group institutional capacity, developing NTFP-based entrepreneurship, and supporting the achievement of SDGs 1 and SDGs 8.

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is a critical indicator for evaluating maternal health programs, and insufficient knowledge of pregnancy danger signs remains a significant factor in preventable maternal complications and mortality. This issue is particularly prevalent among third-trimester pregnant women. Health education has proven to be an effective strategy for enhancing maternal knowledge, promoting early detection of obstetric emergencies, and supporting timely decision-making. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of health education on improving knowledge of pregnancy danger signs among third-trimester pregnant women in Nunkurus Village. A pre-experimental study with a one-group pre-test–post-test design was conducted, involving 42 third-trimester pregnant women, with 40 selected through purposive sampling. Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was employed to analyze the knowledge differences before and after the intervention. Results showed a statistically significant increase in knowledge after the health education intervention (p-value = 0.000; p < 0.05). In conclusion, health education significantly enhances knowledge of pregnancy danger signs among third-trimester pregnant women. Strengthening community-level educational interventions can help in early detection of pregnancy complications and contribute to reducing maternal morbidity and mortality.

Durian Bhineka Bawor is one of the leading local commodities of Alasmalang Village with high economic potential. However, product promotion and marketing activities are still dominated by conventional methods and limited local networks, resulting in restricted market access, low competitiveness, and the absence of structured product information documentation. This community service program aims to address these challenges through the implementation of an interactive website integrated with an AI Agent, serving as a centralized information platform as well as a digital product ordering service. The main objectives of this program are to strengthen local durian branding through the utilization of modern digital technology, expand market reach, and enhance community digital literacy. The implementation method was carried out in several stages, including program coordination and socialization, content needs assessment, website design and development, AI Agent and WhatsApp server integration, system testing, manager training, official deployment, and continuous assistance. The AI Agent provides interactive services in the form of product information delivery, personalized recommendations, and order facilitation directly connected to the admin dashboard and social media platforms, thereby accelerating transaction processes and improving consumer experience. The expected outcomes of this program include the establishment of a more professional, transparent, and efficient promotion and ordering system for Durian Bhineka Bawor products. The developed platform is expected to expand market access, increase product sales, and create new digital-based business opportunities. Furthermore, this program contributes to community empowerment by improving digital skills and technology management capabilities to support local economic independence and competitiveness.

This study aims to analyze the impact of digital innovation on financial management in Purbalingga Regency, focusing on two main systems: the Regional Government Information System (SIPD) and the Village Financial System (SISKEUDES). Digital innovation is considered important to enhance transparency, efficiency, and accountability in public financial management (Lips, 2020; Agostino, Bracci, & Steccolini, 2022). The method used is a qualitative approach with a case study supported by in-depth interviews with application users and previous research (Daffa, 2024; Nadaa & Priyanti, 2023). The findings show that the use of SIPD and SISKEUDES has successfully increased transparency and efficiency in financial reporting in Purbalingga through data integration and public access to information. However, technical issues, limited human resources, and lack of inter-agency cooperation remain obstacles. Efforts by the local government, such as routine training, system updates, and digital literacy improvement, have strengthened digital-based financial governance. Overall, this study shows that the success of digital innovation in public financial management is influenced not only by technology but also by institutional readiness, a culture of transparency, and community involvement in overseeing regional financial management.

This Community Service Program (PKM) was carried out in Dander Village with the aim of increasing the marketability of agricultural products through assistance in branding strategies and digital marketing. The background of this activity stems from the low added value and limited market reach of agricultural products, most of which are still sold without clear branding and have not yet utilized digital media. The program aims to raise farmers’ awareness of the importance of brand identity, enhance their ability to design product branding, and utilize digital platforms for promotion and sales. The implementation methods included planning, socialization and branding training, digital marketing training, implementation assistance, and evaluation. Through this activity, participants were trained to create brand identities, product packaging, business social media accounts, and digital promotional content. The results showed an improvement in participants’ skills in developing branding strategies and managing digital marketing, which led to an average sales increase of 25–30%. This activity demonstrates that proper application of branding and digital marketing can enhance the competitiveness and selling value of local agricultural products in Dander Village.

Paaloka is a religious–cultural practice of the indigenous community of Detunggali Lewumbangga Village that functions as a medium for maintaining relationships with ancestors as well as a means of fostering social solidarity. This study aims to analyze the religious meaning of Paaloka and its relevance from the perspective of Catholic faith and within the local social context. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through observation and in-depth interviews with traditional leaders, church leaders, and community members. Data analysis was conducted through processes of reduction, categorization, and thematic interpretation. The findings indicate that Paaloka embodies religious values such as expressions of gratitude, petitions for blessings, and respect for ancestors, and serves to strengthen communal identity and social cohesion. From a theological perspective, Paaloka can be understood as a space for the inculturation of Catholic faith insofar as it is interpreted as an expression of prayer and lived faith in God without negating the teachings of the Church. This study underscores the importance of dialogue between faith and culture in the development of contextual pastoral practice.

Cassava is one of the strategic agricultural commodities in Indonesia, contributing significantly to national production, particularly in several major producing provinces. In addition to the challenge of declining harvested areas, cassava processing activities also generate agricultural waste that poses environmental risks. In Purwasari Village, Dramaga Subdistrict, Bogor Regency, household-scale cassava processing industries produce solid waste in the form of cassava peels, which are not optimally managed and are commonly discarded in the surrounding environment. This cassava waste has the potential to cause environmental pollution, unpleasant odours, and negative impacts on public health. One sustainable alternative for managing this cassava waste is the use of cassava peels as a raw material for composting. This study aimed to identify problems associated with cassava peel waste and to assess members of the Taruna Tani Millennial Farmer Group's interest in compost production using cassava peels. The research was conducted from December 2024 to June 2025 using a community-based assistance approach. Data was collected through interviews and questionnaires involving 20 respondents. The results showed that the main problems associated with cassava peel waste include waste accumulation, limited processing facilities, and low community awareness. Farmers’ interest in cassava peel composting was generally categorized as high, with an average score of 77%, although several indicators remained at a moderate level. Extension activities and hands-on demonstrations were proven to enhance farmers’ understanding, interest, and participation. With sustained educational support and adequate facilities, the use of cassava peel compost has strong potential to promote environmentally friendly, sustainable agricultural waste management.

Helminth infections caused by Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Taenia sp. remain a major public health concern in tropical regions, including Indonesia, particularly among elementary school children. This study aimed to identify the presence of eggs and larvae of intestinal nematodes and cestodes in fecal samples collected from elementary school children in Bekoso Village, East Kalimantan. The research employed a descriptive survey method with a cross-sectional approach, and laboratory examinations were conducted using the Kato-Katz technique. A total of 16 fecal samples were examined to detect Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Taenia sp. eggs. The results showed that 12.5% of samples were positive for hookworm eggs, 12.5% for Taenia sp. eggs, and 6.25% for Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. These findings indicate that poor personal hygiene and inadequate environmental sanitation contribute to an increased risk of intestinal helminth transmission. The study highlights the importance of preventive efforts through the promotion of clean and healthy living behaviors, consistent use of footwear, handwashing with soap, and community participation in mass deworming programs to reduce the prevalence of intestinal helminth infections among elementary school children.

The increasing rate of divorce in rural areas indicates serious challenges in maintaining family resilience as well as the limited effectiveness of formal litigation-based dispute resolution. Judicial processes that tend to be procedural, time-consuming, and focused on legal termination often fail to address the substantive justice needs of the disputing parties. Consequently, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms that are more responsive to local social and cultural values are required. This study aims to examine the effectiveness and implementation of divorce mediation facilitated by the Village Government of Banra’as, Sumenep Regency, through the perspective of Progressive Legal Theory. This research employs a qualitative approach with an empirical research design. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with village officials, community leaders, and individuals who had previously participated in the mediation process, as well as documentation related to divorce dispute resolution practices at the village level. Data analysis was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method, focusing on mediation practices as a manifestation of living law within the community. The findings reveal that divorce mediation facilitated by the village government demonstrates a relatively high level of effectiveness in reducing divorce cases. This effectiveness is influenced by a familial approach, the utilization of local wisdom, and the strong internalization of religious values within the social life of the Banra’as community. From the perspective of Progressive Legal Theory, this mediation practice reflects a flexible and non-positivistic understanding of law that prioritizes humanity and substantive justice. Village-based mediation not only serves as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism but also functions as a social instrument to preserve family harmony and strengthen social resilience in rural communities.

This study examines the utilization of Aloe vera as a herbal medicine by the community of Sobawagoli Village, Indonesia. The research aims to document local knowledge related to the processing, application, and perceived benefits of Aloe vera in traditional healthcare practices. A qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through direct field observations, in-depth interviews with community members, and documentation of preparation methods. The findings reveal that Aloe vera is widely used for both internal and external treatments, including digestive disorders, internal heat, hypertension, burns, skin inflammation, and natural skin and hair care. The plant is processed through simple methods such as boiling, blending, and direct topical application, reflecting the accessibility and practicality of herbal medicine in rural settings. Community perceptions toward Aloe vera are highly positive, viewing it as a safe, effective, and culturally embedded alternative to chemical medicines. These practices are supported by empirical experiences and align with recent scientific studies highlighting the therapeutic properties of Aloe vera. The study underscores the importance of preserving indigenous herbal knowledge and integrating it with modern health education to promote sustainable, community-based healthcare systems.