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This study evaluates the influence of the size and rotation of the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) on the Maqashid Sharia Performance (MSP) in Islamic banks in 12 member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) in Asia. Using data from 49 Islamic banks during the 2021-2023 period accessed through annual reports, the analysis was carried out using a Random Effect Model (REM). Independent variables include SSB size, which is measured by the number of members, and SSB rotation, which is assessed based on member turnover in a year. MSP is measured using the Maqashid Sharia Index with the Abu Zahrah approach involving the dimensions of education, community welfare, and public interest. The results showed that the size and rotation of SSB did not have a significant influence on MSP. These findings indicate weaknesses in Islamic banking governance in OIC member countries, including a suboptimal SSB recruitment system and a lack of effective supervision from high-level Islamic authorities. In addition, the contribution of independent variables to MSP performance is considered low, so it is concluded that other factors, such as SSB experience, sharia internal control system, and regulatory policies, can have a more significant influence.

This research aims to determine the risk identification process for container inspection at PT Tanto Inti Line, North Jakarta branch. This research uses a qualitative approach using descriptive methods and interviews. Data was obtained by direct observation and interviews. Control and Resolution Research Results that will not harm the company in an optimal way. PT. Tanto Intim Line North Jakarta Branch continues to improve service performance for consumers or service users in order to achieve loading and unloading of vehicles and passengers. Research Conclusion: The Risk Identification Process of Container Inspection at PT Tanto Intim Line North Jakarta Branch is running according to the procedures that have been carried out.

Hypertension is difficult for sufferers to realize because it has no specific symptoms. Hypertension in the elderly is a problem that is often found in the elderly today. One of the life habits that contributes to hypertension includes smoking and work history as triggers for hypertension in the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking behavior and work history with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly at the Internal Medicine Clinic, Graha Husada Hospital, Bandar Lampung. This type of quantitative research uses an analytical survey research design and a cross-sectional approach. The research was carried out in October 2024 at Graha Husada Hospital in Bandar Lampung. The population in this study was elderly people who suffered from hypertension with a sample size of 64 respondents. The sampling technique in this research used purposive sampling. The instruments used were questionnaires, blood pressure monitors and stethoscopes to measure blood pressure. Data analysis used the chi square test. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between smoking behavior with a p-value <0.001 (<0.05) and work history with a p-value <0.001 (<0.05) on the incidence of hypertension in the elderly. It is hoped that hospitals can provide reading media to increase patient awareness by socializing smoking behavior and reducing heavy work or doing friendly or light work so as not to trigger an increase in blood pressure.

This study investigates the role of scaffolding assessment in fostering self-directed learning (SDL) within project-based learning (PBL) environments in higher education. Scaffolding assessment, characterized by gradual guidance, helps students transition from structured support to greater autonomy while enhancing critical thinking, goal-setting, and self-regulation. Through a mixed-methods approach, the study examines students' perceptions and experiences of scaffolding interventions in a research-based course. Quantitative findings reveal positive impacts on autonomy, critical thinking, and goal-setting, while qualitative insights highlight the importance of tailored scaffolding tools, motivational elements, and digital adaptability.Although scaffolding significantly enhances SDL by promoting independence and cognitive engagement, challenges remain in optimizing digital tools and addressing individual learning needs. Personalized scaffolding strategies and motivational scaffolds are essential for sustaining long-term engagement and effectively supporting diverse learners in complex, research-intensive environments. This study underscores the importance of adaptive scaffolding designs that balance structure and flexibility, offering practical implications for educators seeking to implement scaffolding assessments to enhance student autonomy and learning outcomes in higher education.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of capital structure, risk management, dividend policy, and company size on the growth of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019-2023 period. Using a quantitative approach and Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis method, the research data was obtained from the company's financial statements and the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results showed that capital structure has a significant negative effect on risk management, but does not have a significant impact on firm growth. Risk management shows a positive influence on firm growth, although not significant. Dividend policy has a significant negative effect on risk management and has no significant impact on firm growth. On the other hand, firm size shows a significant positive effect on risk management, but not significant on firm growth. These findings emphasize the importance of balance in capital and risk management to support firm growth. This study contributes to the financial management literature and offers practical insights for banking firms, investors, and regulators in an effort to support the growth of the banking sector in Indonesia.

This study aims to explore the various challenges faced by students in learning science and to analyze the internal and external factors that influence them. This research is motivated by the low success rate of students in science courses, which is thought to be due to multiple obstacles involving cognitive, affective, and learning environment aspects. The research method used is a qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews and surveys of students enrolled in science courses at universities. The findings show that internal factors, such as self-efficacy, basic mathematical skills, and intrinsic motivation, play a significant role in influencing students’ understanding of science material. On the other hand, external factors, including curriculum, teaching methods, environmental support, and facility limitations, also have a substantial impact. This study suggests improvements in curriculum reform at the elementary and secondary levels, more interactive teaching methods, and adequate academic support to help students overcome difficulties in science courses. These findings are expected to provide insights for educational institutions and educators in designing more effective learning strategies to enhance students' competencies in science.

This study aims to determine the efforts of teachers in increasing students' interest in learning the subject of fiqh through the application of simulation methods in class IV MI Nurul Huda Manyarejo. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a focus on the implementation of simulation methods in the learning process. The formulation of the problem in this study includes: (1) what are the steps in implementing the simulation method in increasing students' interest in learning, (2) how is the quality of the simulation method in fiqh lessons, and (3) what are the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing the method. The data analysis technique uses an interactive analysis model which includes the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research procedure was carried out through four stages, namely pre-field, data collection in the field, data analysis, and preparation of research reports. The results of the study showed that the simulation method was able to create a more enjoyable and less boring learning atmosphere, thus increasing the enthusiasm and enthusiasm of students, especially when studying fiqh material such as the zakat chapter. The teacher succeeded in arousing students' interest in learning through an interactive and applicable approach. Thus, the simulation method is considered an effective learning strategy in increasing students' interest in learning the subject of fiqh.

Reading plays an important role in building a literate generation that is able to improve academic skills, broaden horizons and maintain local cultural identity. However, the low interest in reading in Indonesia, especially among students, is a big challenge. Internal factors, such as student motivation, and external factors, such as family and school support, are highly influential. Strategies such as reading for pleasure, edutainment and the School Literacy Movement are effective in fostering a reading culture as well as shaping students' characters, such as honesty, empathy and critical thinking. Challenges in implementation include limited reading materials, teacher training, technology support and collaboration with the community. Strategic steps, such as enrichment of reading materials, intensive teacher training and community involvement, are needed to overcome them. With good literacy, students can think critically, have character and contribute positively. This research uses a qualitative approach through a literature study to examine the importance of literacy culture.

This research aims to understand how secularization affects changes in religious identity and individual spirituality, as well as religious practices in modern society, through the perspective of the sociology of religion. Using a qualitative approach and literature review methods, this study presents the research process chronologically, keeping the research objectives focused, proving the problem statement, and discussing the relationship between theory, research questions, study focus, and its application in the context of specific societies. The findings show that secularization often leads to a separation between religion and daily life, resulting in a reinterpretation of religious and spiritual values. The sociology of religion explains how individuals and communities adjust their religious practices to remain relevant in an increasingly secular environment. This research also outlines various theoretical perspectives on secularization and its impact on religious identity and spirituality, as well as how religious practices are adapted in modern society. Through this study, it is hoped that a deep understanding of the dynamics between religiosity, spirituality, and secularization will be obtained, as well as their impact on religious identity and religious practices in modern society. The research emphasizes the importance of religion remaining relevant in the modern era and how religion can adapt to changing times to maintain balance and morality in an increasingly secular society.

In today’s date Artificial intelligence (AI) has substantially transformed marketing strategies and specifically Viral Marketing by enhancing the content personalization, targeting the audience and real time campaign optimization. The study explored the Artificial Intelligence impact on Viral marketing with a comprehensive review of 20 literatures that highlights the diverse applications of AI such as predictive analytics, natural language processing (NLP) and AI-driven visual content creation. This study employed meta analysis approach to evaluate how effectively AI could boost marketing reach, engagement and return on investment (ROI). The finding of the study indicates a positive correlation between the efficiency of Viral Marketing campaigns and the integration of AI, despite the fact highlighting ethical and transparency. The study concludes with practical suggestions for using AI in Viral marketing in a responsible and efficient manner to enhance its potential while mitigating related dangers. This study also highlights AI’s revolutionary role in changing market dynamics.

Listening comprehension is essential in higher education, particularly as students progress from basic intensive listening activities to more complex academic listening tasks. This review examines the strategies learners employ during this transition and identifies effective approaches for improving listening comprehension in University contexts. Drawing on recent research and empirical evidence, the review highlights key techniques such as metacognitive strategies, note-taking, schema activation, and contextual listening, which are crucial for academic success. The findings suggest that while intensive listening fosters foundational skills, academic listening demands advanced strategies, including critical evaluation, synthesizing information, and adapting to different accents and contexts. The review emphasizes the importance of instructional support, such as teaching explicit strategies and incorporating authentic materials, to help students navigate this shift. Educators are encouraged to create scaffolded learning experiences and foster student autonomy. This study contributes to the expanding body of knowledge on EFL and ESL education, providing useful guidance for curriculum developers and educators aiming to improve students' listening skills in higher education.

This research aims to optimize the use of interactive flipbooks as a literacy learning media in elementary schools. Interactive flipbook media offers an innovative approach in the learning process, combining engaging visualization, interactivity, and digital accessibility that meets the needs of 21st-century students. The method used in this research is a literature review involving the collection, analysis, and synthesis of various literature related to the use of interactive flipbooks in the context of primary education. The results indicate that interactive flipbooks can enhance reading interest, literacy skills, and student comprehension through a combination of text, images, audio, and animation. This media also allows students to learn independently and collaboratively by utilizing interactive features. In addition, interactive flipbooks have proven effective in supporting thematic and integrative learning, which is often implemented in elementary schools. This study recommends the development of curriculum-based interactive flipbooks, teacher training in their use, and the integration of this media into teaching strategies. With proper optimization, interactive flipbooks can become an innovative solution to improve the literacy quality of elementary school students.

This study employs Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity to analyze Megan Trainor’s song "Dear Future Husband," exploring the negotiation of femininity and masculinity within contemporary pop culture. Utilizing a qualitative content analysis method, the research examines lyrical content, musical elements, and visual representations associated with the song to uncover underlying gender norms and performances. The results reveal that "Dear Future Husband" both reinforces and subverts traditional gender roles; while it portrays conventional expectations of femininity and masculinity, it simultaneously introduces nuanced demands for mutual respect and partnership. The discussion highlights the complexity of gender performances in mainstream media, suggesting that Trainor’s work reflects a transitional phase in societal understandings of gender dynamics. By applying Butler’s framework, the study illustrates how pop songs can serve as sites for both perpetuating and challenging normative gender constructs, offering insights into the evolving landscape of gender identity and expression.

This article discusses the critical importance of employee development as a strategic approach to enhance organizational performance. In an increasingly competitive business environment, organizations must prioritize the growth and development of their workforce to maintain a competitive edge. By identifying specific training and development needs, organizations can create tailored programs that effectively improve employees' skills, knowledge, and competencies. This research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing case studies from several companies in Indonesia to explore various employee development initiatives and their impact on organizational outcomes. The findings indicate that investing in employee development not only enhances individual performance but also contributes significantly to the overall achievement of organizational goals. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of leadership, mentoring, and the integration of technology in facilitating effective employee development strategies. Ultimately, this research underscores the necessity for organizations to adopt comprehensive employee development practices to foster a culture of continuous improvement and engagement.

This study aims to identify the problems faced by students in implementing learning. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method, involving 30 students from two high schools in Yogyakarta. Data were collected through questionnaires about students' learning difficulties, interests, and needs for learning media. The results showed that 96% of the students considered chemistry as a difficult subject to understand because of the abstract nature of the material. As many as 64% of the students felt bored due to the uninteresting presentation of the material, while 72% of the students indicated the need for varied learning methods and interactive learning media to facilitate understanding. The results of the study showed that an innovation was needed to support chemistry learning activities to make learning more active and enjoyable so that it does not lead to student boredom. The developed virtual laboratory media provides flexible, safe and economical simulation of chemical experiments. This application is designed to be accessible without an internet connection using an Android device, allowing students to learn anytime and anywhere. The use of this virtual lab is expected to increase students' motivation, understanding of concepts, and learning experience.

This research aims to explore and analyze learning strategy innovations in shaping students as reliable educator candidates who are able to face educational challenges in the digital era. The main focus of the research is the application of technology-based learning approaches, collaboration, and creative strategies that place students not only as recipients of knowledge, but also as active subjects who construct understanding through learning experiences. This study was carried out in the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education Study Program (PGMI) of the Syarifuddin Lumajang Islamic Religious Institute by involving 30 students who took the learning strategy course. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and documentation. The findings of the study show that the application of flipped classroom is able to increase student learning independence, while project-based learning strategies encourage creativity and problem-solving skills. In addition, the use of interactive technology such as online quiz applications, discussion platforms, and collaborative media strengthens learning motivation while expanding students' digital skills. Although the results showed a positive impact, there were significant obstacles, namely the limitations of technology infrastructure in the campus environment and the low digital literacy of some students. These factors hinder the optimization of innovative learning strategies. Therefore, institutional support is needed in providing technology-based infrastructure, digital literacy training, and continuous mentoring so that students can develop pedagogical competence, professionalism, and adaptive abilities in accordance with the demands of 21st century education. Overall, this study emphasizes that learning strategy innovation supported by technology, collaboration, and support of educational institutions is able to strengthen the process of forming prospective educators who are competent, competitive, and ready to face the dynamics of the world of education in the digital era.

The Inclusive Education Programme is an effort by the government in promoting education for students with special education needs especially in Malaysia. The implementation of the Inclusive Education Programme puts great pressure on mainstream teachers to prepare themselves to teach students with special educational needs. This study aims to identify the knowledge, skills and attitudes of trainee teachers towards the implementation of the Inclusive Education Programme in primary schools. The respondents were 59 trainee teachers who were pursuing study at the Institute of Teachers' Education Special Knowledge Campus. This survey study uses a quantitative approach through questionnaire instruments. The data obtained is analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for The Social Sciences) version 29 software. Researchers used the Theory of Constructivism and the Theory of Behaviorism in this study. The overall findings showed that the level of readiness of trainee teachers towards the implementation of inclusive education in primary schools in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes is at a satisfactory level (mean 3.25; sp=1.14). This study has had implications for policymakers, trainee teachers and college training institutes. Among the recommendations of researchers in increasing the level of readiness of trainee teachers for the implementation of inclusive education is that by increasing their knowledge, skills and self-attitude in implementing inclusive education, policymakers in education should further diversify the teacher's professional development program on inclusive education to trainee teachers such as courses, workshops and training programs and the trainee teachers themselves need to increase their self-sufficiency in implementing inclusive education in elementary school.

Advances in technology, particularly Generative AI (GenAI), have opened up great opportunities in improving critical and creative thinking skills in education. It offers the potential for personalizing learning, strengthening collaboration, and creating innovative environments that support the development of essential 21st century skills. This article discusses the relevance and implementation of GenAI in learning, examining the benefits it brings, such as increased student analysis and innovation, as well as the challenges faced, including technology dependency, accessibility gaps, and teacher training needs. With thoughtful implementation strategies, GenAI can be a catalyst for empowering students in an inclusive manner, although it requires regulations and policies that support its sustainability and equitable distribution of benefits. The results of this discussion confirm that the integration of GenAI in education requires a holistic approach to ensure its significant impact on student learning and skill development.

Rapid advances in technology and science can be a challenge in maintaining local wisdom. Education is one alternative way to overcome these problems. Educational innovations carried out by teachers in learning activities can integrate local wisdom into teaching materials such as Student Worksheets. This study aims to describe the analysis of local wisdom-based Student Worksheets in Situbondo Regency, which includes the curriculum analysis process. These mapping materials will be integrated with local wisdom culture, and materials will be determined based on learning achievements and indicators. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with teachers in Situbondo Regency as research subjects. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Data collection uses observation, documentation, and interviews. The study was conducted by analyzing the curriculum, focusing on Student Worksheets, mapping materials, determining Student Worksheets, and making Student Worksheets. The results of this study show that there is a need for the development of local wisdom-based Student Worksheets so that students have knowledge about culture and values ​​that can be taken. Furthermore, this study recommends that teachers develop Student Worksheets by incorporating local wisdom values ​​from their respective regions.

In the era of globalization, companies face intense competition alongside the implementation of PSAK 22 (revised 2010) in Indonesia, particularly in the merger between PT Bentoel Internasional Investama, Tbk. and PT BAT Indonesia, Tbk. in 2010. Utilizing the purchase method according to PSAK 22, this research applies a qualitative approach with content analysis to compare the practices of business combination accounting before and after the adoption of IFRS. The research focuses on how well PT Bentoel Internasional Investama Tbk. adheres to accounting standards, especially PSAK 22 after IFRS adoption. The adoption of PSAK 22 and IFRS enhances transparency, limits potential earnings management, and improves the quality of financial reporting. Although there is an improvement in disclosing minority rights and non-controlling ownership, these aspects still require further attention. With its positive impact, this research demonstrates that the implementation of PSAK 22 and IFRS in PT Bentoel Internasional Investama, Tbk. can enhance the company's effectiveness in facing competition. Highlighting the positive impact of implementing PSAK 22 and IFRS in PT Bentoel Internasional Investama, Tbk., the research reinforces transparency, integrity, and the quality of financial reporting related to business combinations. The company is expected to be more effective in dealing with competition by reducing opportunities for earnings management practices. Recommendations for further research include expanding the sample size and conducting comparative studies for a more comprehensive understanding.