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Introduction: Anesthesia is a complex pharmacological Response induced by a chemically heterogeneous class of Drugs, the so-called general anesthetics Every year, tens of Millions of patients are exposed to general anesthetics Drugs that remove the most precious human attribute Consciousness. By allowing for prolonged invasive Procedures, general anesthesia is one of the foremost Achievements of modern medical science However, there Is no objective or widely accepted definition of general Anesthesia. Aim of the study: The aim of study uses of prophylactic nebulized steroids therapy on postoperative cough in a heavy smoker patient under elective extra thoracic surgery. Results: The data was analyzed using the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistic 28 the results attached below were obtained based on the following hypotheses and aim of this study (The aim of study use of prophylactic steroids therapy on postoperative cough for heavy smoker patient under elective extra thoracic surgery). Discussion: In this study, it was attempted to determine the effect of steroids therapy on post-operative cough in patients ­smoking. And there was high-significant data for each drug group. From this data we note that from study questionnaire the use of nebulizer pulmicort which is making less side effect on patients from than using systemic dexamethasone to patients. and be better drug used for patient who have chronic disease such as (hypertension, diabetic mellitus, problem in respiratory system and complication. Conclusion: from all results in this study, we can conclude that there is a significant effect on shortness of breath and high significant data variable effect on cough according to data research. 

The 2023 new regulations for ASN (public civil servants) have caused changes and anxiety for teachers. With this new regulation, all ASN will have functional positions which are expected to make regulations and promotion processes easier and simpler. ASN teachers will focus on organizational performance achievements, whereas previously, to apply for a promotion, civil servants focused on fulfilling credit or DUPAK numbers which were too administrative and troublesome. However, many teachers' career problems are now increasingly unclear due to the publication of this new policy. So, there is a need for activities to accompany teachers in strengthening their careers after the implementation of the new policy. The implementation method used in this community service program is socialization and mentoring. With this program, it is hoped that middle school social studies teachers throughout Batang Regency can understand the new regulations and plan their career paths appropriately.

Ground time is one of the important things in handling aircraft while in the apron area and Ramp handling officers are responsible for block on to block off activities and play an important role in improving service functions in the apron area. Ground time that does not comply with company standards can affect flight schedules and operational costs for an airline. This research aims to analyze the ground time achievements of the Airbus A350-900 aircraft on the performance of ramp handling officers. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach with data collection techniques, namely observation and interviews. The data analysis technique uses SPSS 25 which includes descriptive analysis by processing primary data in the form of ground time records for the Airbus A350-900 aircraft for two months which has been adjusted to secondary data, namely company documents to determine the average (mean) ground time each month.Based on the results of descriptive analysis to find out the average ground time, the results obtained in August were 55.53 minutes and in September it was 55.93 minutes, meaning that in general the ground time was still achieved and the performance of the ramp handling officers was very good because they reached the ground time on time. . If ground time is looked at based on the daily schedule, there are still several delays caused by several factors, namely delays in the arrival of planes from the origin airport to the destination airport, weather factors and delays for passengers with baggage.

Digitalization triggered the development of information and communication technology, giving birth to social media, supported by the internet, as the main gateway for information dissemination. Instagram, as one of the most popular social media platforms, is used by various government agencies to disseminate information effectively. This study aims to determine the utilization of social media in the management of Instagram @humas_jabar, used by the Communication and Informatics Office of West Java Province as a source of information for the people of West Java. This research was conducted using the descriptive qualitative method through observation during job training, interviews with the public relations staff of Diskominfo Prov Jabar, and analysis using the circular model of SoMe. The results of this study indicate that Diskominfo of West Java Province utilizes Instagram @humas_jabar as a public communication tool to disseminate information, innovations, and achievements of its programs. In managing Instagram, @humas_jabar has carried out four stages: share, manage, engage, and optimize.

Digitalization triggered the development of information and communication technology, giving birth to social media, supported by the internet, as the main gateway for information dissemination. Instagram, as one of the most popular social media platforms, is used by various government agencies to disseminate information effectively. This study aims to determine the utilization of social media in the management of Instagram @humas_jabar, used by the Communication and Informatics Office of West Java Province as a source of information for the people of West Java. This research was conducted using the descriptive qualitative method through observation during job training, interviews with the public relations staff of Diskominfo Prov Jabar, and analysis using the circular model of SoMe. The results of this study indicate that Diskominfo of West Java Province utilizes Instagram @humas_jabar as a public communication tool to disseminate information, innovations, and achievements of its programs. In managing Instagram, @humas_jabar has carried out four stages: share, manage, engage, and optimize.

This paper reports on a qualitative investigation of several students at one of the state high schools in Medan. Many students lose their academic achievements. For this reason, the author examines students' achievements from where they get their academic achievements. The author's aim in conducting this research is to try to find out how effective the interaction between families and students is in influencing students' academic achievement. With the hope that the author will get results and some interesting conclusions from it. The author used qualitative descriptive using primary data to get results in the form of 74 informants through school data from the number of students they accepted at state universities and 5 of the 74 informants interviewed. This research shows that social interaction in the family has an impact on learning achievement, social interaction in the family, achievement motivation, learning independence. It is important for parents to focus on establishing interactions with their children, because the more frequently they interact, the it will have a lot of positive impacts on student academic achievement.

Writing descriptive text is an activity carried out by someone in telling or describing a particular object so that the reader will be able to know clearly what the general description of the object being discussed is. At the elementary school level, when learning Indonesian, writing descriptive texts is one of the learning achievements that must be achieved by students. The development of descriptive text writing skills can be achieved using the problem based learning method so that it allows students to think critically during learning so as to improve student learning outcomes.

This study explores the important role of leadership style, competence, and emotional intelligence in shaping teacher motivation and performance in Madrasah. An effective leadership style, solid competence in the field of education, and good emotional intelligence are considered key factors in increasing teacher motivation and performance. This research uses an analytical approach to understand how the interaction between these three elements affects teachers' work environments, as well as their impact on their achievements and professional development. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide deeper insight for Madrasah managers and educational practitioners to improve human resource management and effective staff development strategies.    

This study aims to investigate how the financial achievements of Indonesian regional authorities are influenced by capital expenditure and PAD. The study employs the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology. This method is used to ascertain, research, assess, and interpret any surviving studies relating to interesting phenomena using specific relevant research problems. SLRs can be used to find journals and conduct thorough reviews, each procedure adhering to standards or guidelines. In this study, 50 journals were used as references. The study's findings indicate Research findings prove that pure regional revenues provide important benefits regarding regional financial performance. This demonstrates how raising local real income can improve local governments' financial performance in satisfying development and community demands. On the other side, capital spending also significantly improves local governments' financial performance. This means that a rise in capital spending can strengthen the regional development structure and increase the competitiveness of the local economy. This research provides policy implications that “municipal authorities must focus on" pay attention to the diversification of local original income and increase fund distribution for capital investments to support economic growth and community welfare. In addition, this research also indicates the significance of effective and transparent financial management to achieve regional development goals in a sustainable manner.    

Sport is a medium for people to gather and has become a new necessity in life. One of the most popular sports that many compete in is athletics. VO2Max is one of the supporting achievements of athletes, especially branch athletes who require good physical condition. Based on information from the management of the Indonesian Athletics Association in the city of Lubuklinggau, athlete performance tends to decline from the 2019 Provincial Sports Week in Prabumulih City where athletes running the 1,500m middle distance did not achieve good results. , athletes were only able to finish in 10th and 13th place. In the research used, this was experimental research using a one group pretest posttest design, where this research method was used to look for cause and effect or the influence of one variable on another variable. The population of this study were all 10 athletic athletes from the city of Lubuklinggau. The sampling technique was random sampling. This research involved 10 athletic athletes from the city of Lubuklinggau with 16 treatments in the form of interval training exercises, giving results where the average VO2Max before was 42.15 which changed to 44.12 after being given interval training treatment. Meanwhile, the results of scientific tests through the paired sample t test show that there is an influence of interval training on the VO2Max results of Lubuk Linggau City athletic athletes because the tcount is (5.625 - 1.833). Based on the findings of the research results above, this research can be concluded that the average VO2Max before was 42.15 which changed to 44.12 after being given interval training treatment. The results of statistical tests using the paired sample t test show that there is an influence of interval training on the VO2Max results of Lubuk Linggau City athletic athletes.

In the midst of increasingly advanced developments, student ethics are increasingly declining. One of the responsibilities of higher education is to produce students with character and achievements. Therefore, this research aims to examine the implementation of the student code of ethics and its impact in creating students with character and achievements. This research aims to determine the process of implementing the code of ethics and its impact on students. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research results show that the implementation of the student code of ethics has gone well and has had a positive impact in forming students with character and achievements by 70.71%. From the results of implementing the code of ethics, students show their individual character and achievements which are evaluated based on aspects of student character and aspects of outstanding students. In implementing the code of ethics, there are supporting and inhibiting factors.

This research aims to analyze the regional financial management system in achieving development performance in Bandar Jaya Timur Subdistrict. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through interviews, observation and documentation studies. The research results show that the regional financial management system in Bandar Jaya Timur Subdistrict is not optimal. Budget planning is still not fully participatory, coordination between village and sub-district governments still needs to be improved, and monitoring of budget realization is not carried out regularly. This has an impact on development performance achievements that are not yet optimal, such as basic infrastructure development, developing local economic potential, and improving the quality of public services. To improve development performance, it is recommended that regional governments optimize regional financial management systems by increasing transparency, accountability and community participation in the budget planning, implementation and monitoring processes.

The rapid evolution of social media has made it a significant part of daily life. Instagram, a widely used platform, plays a crucial role in communication, marketing, and branding, particularly among young people. This study focuses on Instagram's effectiveness as a branding tool for educational institutions, with a specific case study on SLB Khusus Bina Mandiri Surabaya. This institution uses Instagram to showcase achievements, communicate with stakeholders, and enhance its public image. The research aims to analyze the impact of Instagram on the institution's branding strategy, exploring both its benefits and challenges. Using qualitative methods, the study collects data through interviews and content analysis of the institution's Instagram account. The findings highlight the importance of social media in educational branding, offering insights for similar institutions seeking to leverage digital platforms for promotion and engagement.

Basic vector concept material will be more meaningful and able to hone students' mathematical communication skills if learning is implemented that is appropriate to the characteristics of students and needs in the field. The aim of this research is to create a research design for basic vector concept material using the Dick and Carey model. The results show that there are 10 steps that teachers need to pay attention to when creating learning designs and ensuring that the learning objectives contained are in accordance with learning achievements and needs in the field.

This research explores the time management challenges of part-time students in meeting academic achievements. This research uses a qualitative method with an in-depth interview approach. The population in this study were students who were working or had previously worked. The results of this research identify the factors that motivate students to work part-time, including financial need, career path, study alignment, accessibility, and desire to gain experience. Although there are students who prioritize academics above their work, others view both responsibilities as equally important. These findings highlight the challenges part-time students face in managing work schedules, academic commitments, and personal well-being.    

There are various government agencies around us; perhaps this raises the question of why some agencies seem more efficient and effective than others. One of the main factors that influences the performance of an agency is the implementation of a meritocracy system, where civil society is promoted and given responsibility based on their abilities and achievements, not connections or seniority alone. In this article, we will discuss in depth the importance of implementing a meritocracy system in government agencies to increase work accountability, supervision, and bureaucratic reform. We will also provide examples of agencies that have successfully implemented a meritocracy system.

This study aims to obtain data on individualized learning strategies used by FIS UNJ students in improving their GPA. To get a clear picture of the individualized learning strategies of fis unj students, researchers use descriptive methods with a qualitative approach by making in-depth observations so as to produce valid data according to the case studies discussed. Data collection techniques were carried out by structured interviews and observations. The results concluded that fis unj students with achievements in non-academic fields utilize individual learning strategies such as awareness of responsibility and the ability to manage time efficiently in achieving satisfactory academic goals and apply appropriate individual learning styles that contribute to improving learning performance to achieve the cumulative grade point average results they expect.

This research discusses office management in creating effective employee performance according to William H. Leffingwell. Office management is a series of activities to plan, manage, organize, direct, supervise the implementation of office work effectively and efficiently so as to achieve the expected goals. Office life will be well managed and run smoothly with all existing activities and programs, if the office applies management sciences to it. Management is needed, so that offices can be managed well, by making optimal use of existing infrastructure, organizing employees appropriately, arranging employee duties and responsibilities well, and evaluating the results of employee performance and the office's achievements. This research uses library research by collecting all data and information related to creating effective employee performance in office management through books and scientific articles that are relevant to the topic discussed.

The SME assistance program entitled "SME Assistance: Enhancing Competitiveness and Innovation in the Digital Era for Bintang Emas SMEs in Kasengan Village, Manding Subdistrict, Sumenep Regency" was implemented from March 1, 2024, to May 31, 2024. This program aims to enhance digital capacity, product innovation, and modern marketing strategies for Bintang Emas SMEs. Through digital marketing training, product innovation workshops, and technical assistance, participants learn to utilize digital technology and e-commerce platforms to enhance the visibility and sales of their products, including the flagship product of cassava chips. The results showed a 25% increase in sales in the first three months, an improvement in product variety and quality, as well as an enhancement in business and financial management skills. This program also successfully fostered a spirit of mutual cooperation and collaboration in the local community and strengthened the relationship between SMEs and the surrounding community. With these achievements, it is hoped that Bintang Emas SMEs will continue to innovate and adapt to market changes, providing sustainable benefits to the local economy and the welfare of the local community.

We often find organizations that are not running according to their goals or are less effective because they do not have the resources relevant to their needs. Some of these organizations will not survive in the long term in the competitive business landscape. In this case, Human Resource Development (HR) is a fundamental parameter for the success and achievement of the organization's goals to continue to exist. Based on a literature review, the concept of developing an HR organization needs to pay attention to aspects of employee competence, talent and resilience. The competency aspect is the potential for long-term value and a potential source of the company's competitive advantage. The talent aspect is an important point for a company to occupy the position it needs, and with the toughness aspect, employees are able to face competition and overcome difficulties to become opportunities to achieve greater achievements. Therefore, the vision, mission and hopes of an organization can bring success.