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This study aims to analyze the challenges and development strategies of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) located in low-income areas in Indonesia. MSMEs play an important role in the Indonesian economy, but in areas with low income levels, MSMEs face various constraints, such as difficulties in accessing adequate capital, technology, and management skills. To conduct this study, the researchers used a qualitative approach by collecting data from various sources of relevant scientific literature. The results showed that MSMEs in low-income settings face several key constraints, including difficulty accessing formal sources of financing, limited use of information technology, and low implementation of good business management practices, such as in marketing and financial record-keeping. To be able to develop MSMEs in low-income environments, comprehensive efforts are needed, such as facilitating MSME access to official funding sources, providing training and assistance in the use of information technology, and improving MSME skills in implementing good business management practices. In addition, the availability of skilled human resources, as well as innovation and creativity are also important factors in supporting the growth of MSMEs in low-income areas. By paying attention to these various aspects, it is expected that the development of MSMEs in low-income environments can run effectively and provide optimal benefits to the regional and national economy, through collaboration and synergy between MSMEs, government, financial institutions, and other stakeholders.    

This research aims to develop an integrative-interconnective paradigm of the ngebuyu tradition of giving birth to a baby in Lampung from an Islamic perspective. The ngebuyu tradition is a Lampung traditional ritual carried out after the birth of a baby. This tradition has noble values that can be integrated with Islamic teachings. This research was carried out using the library research method, namely collecting and analyzing data from various library sources. The research results show that the ngebuyu tradition has several values that are in line with Islamic teachings, such as the values of gratitude, mutual cooperation and solidarity. These values can be integrated with Islamic teachings through an integrative-interconnective paradigm. This paradigm emphasizes the importance of connecting tradition and religion, so that both can strengthen and enrich each other.

Training and development is an important aspect in almost all companies or organizations because it leads to increased performance in the required areas. Training is an important learning process in organizations that care about productivity. Each individual is encouraged and given training to continuously improve their skills and expertise throughout their career. Skilled and highly motivated people contribute greatly to work productivity. In improving an employee's performance, the most important supporting factor is the level of skills the employee possesses. Skills refer to a person's ability to carry out a task or job. Training and development provides opportunities for employees to acquire new skills or improve existing skills so that they are relevant to the needs of the ever-growing digital era. Training and development can improve employee skills in facing the challenges of the digital era. Training that focuses on information and communication technology (ICT), such as using the latest software or understanding data analytics, can help employees keep up with rapid technological developments in today's digital era.

This research aims to determine whether the development of teaching materials using the Kvisoft flipbook maker application on linear program material, the sub-material of linear inequalities in two variables, affects learning outcomes. This research method uses research and development, with 25 students as subjects. The research results show that in the effectiveness test, it was found that 21 out of 25 students were declared complete in learning mathematics using teaching modules using Kvisoft flipbook maker on linear program material developed by the author. Meanwhile, Class So's teaching module developed in this research was effective.

This research aims to determine the impact of promotion and demotion mechanisms in teacher career development at SMA Labschool Unesa 1. This research uses a qualitative approach. The type of research used is interviews. The informant in this research was only one teacher. This research shows the mechanism of promotion and demotion in teacher career development at SMA Labschool Unesa 1. There are promotion and demotion indicators consisting of work performance, discipline, skills. Lastly, the demotion indicators consist of member incompetence, personal requests, and rationalization of numbers. The results of the discussion in this research are that in carrying out professional duties, teachers have the right to receive promotions in accordance with their duties and work performance, which includes promotion/increase in functional position. Furthermore, demotions are caused by the lack of performance of a teacher who is not good enough. Demoting a teacher does not happen directly, but there is a gradual evaluation, namely by evaluating several times with agreement with the other teachers. At SMA Labschool Unesa 1, there are no differences and there is a sense of family towards teachers who have just been demoted.

Critical competence plays an important role in students' ability to solve a problem that occurs. Through PBL, students are trained to develop ideas, or ideas that can facilitate them in problem solving and learning activities at school. By using the Problem-Based Learning paradigm to achieve learning objectives in elementary schools, students' critical competencies are developed. This form of learning looks at the relationship between critical thinking and student learning outcomes by using a qualitative approach with literature study as a source of in-depth analysis. A suitable approach to help students build critical thinking skills is a problem-based learning strategy. Students are encouraged to actively participate in solving problems that arise when using the Problem-Based Learning paradigm, according to the learning outcomes. By using this problem-based learning approach, students are encouraged to investigate a problem in more detail and from a broader perspective. Students can come up with original ideas in this situation or ideas for problem solving. By developing students' critical thinking skills and highlighting the important role that teachers play in fostering an enjoyable learning environment and acting as facilitators in the teaching and learning process, the Problem Based Learning model has been proven to improve the quality of teaching and student learning outcomes in educational settings.

Providing digital literacy education for village communities make public knowledge which teenage social media users feel they must know. The aim of this digital literacy outreach is to know how to manage social media and as an effort to shape the character of teenagers ripe. The focus of the activity subject is the community in the village. Results This activity is the formation of characters such as religion, tolerance, love homeland, friendly/communicative, love peace, likes to read, caring social, and responsibility. The priority problem for village communities is the lack of number and variety of important learning resources for community life that can be easily accessed by village communities and lack of information both directly and via social media.

In the realm of education, which prioritizes the holistic development of students' potential, extracurricular activities play an indispensable role. They not only complement the academic curriculum but also serve as effective avenues for shaping character, honing skills, and unearthing students' talents beyond the classroom. Through in-depth analysis of extracurricular activities, we can gain a better understanding of their contributions to students' potential development. This research aims to provide insights into how extracurricular activities play a crucial role in shaping the character, skills, and talents of students at MTs Negeri 4 Mandailing Natal.This study employs a qualitative approach with a focus on phenomenology. The research location is at MTs Negari 4 Mandailing Natal, located in Sumatra Utara. Data were obtained through interviews with the school principal, teachers, and members of the change agents. The implementation of extracurricular activities in developing students' interests and talents requires careful planning. Discussions on the analysis of extracurricular activities at MTs Negari 4 Mandailing Natal encompass various aspects, ranging from the types of activities, student participation, influence on character formation, to skills and talent development.Extracurricular activity supervisors play a vital role in planning activities and ensuring their implementation aligns with the intended goals. The success of extracurricular activities heavily relies on collaboration among the school principal, activity supervisors, and students. With extracurricular activities in place, MTs Negari 4 Mandailing Natal has witnessed significant developments in students' interests and talents, providing positive impacts not only for the students themselves but also for the educational institution and the surrounding community.   Keywords: , , , 

The aims of this research are (1) to determine the feasibility of developing video tutorials (2) to determine students' responses to the use of video tutorial media for making passinelle pockets for clothing sewing subjects as a learning medium. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D). This research was carried out at SMK Negeri 3 Blitar which is located at Jl. S. Supriadi No. 24C, Bendogerit, District. Sananwetan, Blitar City in class XI Fashion Design with a total of 35 students. The data collection method used was the interview method, namely to determine the development of the video tutorial media for making passinelle pockets in the subject of sewing fashion products in class XI clothing 2, as well as the response questionnaire method to determine students' responses to the use of video tutorial media as a learning medium. The results of this research stated that the development of video tutorial media was seen from the validity test by material experts at 87% and the validity by media experts obtained a figure of 86.5% so that the average data obtained was 86.5% and was declared very feasible. Students' responses to the use of video tutorial media obtained an average percentage of 90.5% and were included in the very good category.    

The Indo Pacific region is an area rich in natural resources and has great economic potential. However, rapid economic growth and lack of awareness of environmental protection and social sustainability have led to negative impacts on the environment and society in the region. To overcome this problem, the ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) concept has been widely recognized as a framework for encouraging sustainable economic growth by considering environmental, social and good governance factors. The purpose of this research is to examine how the ESG concept is applied in the development and development of the blue economy in the Indo Pacific Region, especially during Indonesia's tenure as chairman of ASEAN in 2023. In this research, we will identify the concrete steps taken by Indonesia in implementing the concept. ESG and promoting the blue economy in the region. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach method. Data was processed and collected using questionnaires and library literature. The research object consisted of 50 STIE Ganesha student respondents. By analyzing the policies and initiatives launched by the Indonesian government during their leadership in ASEAN. Relevant data will be collected through literature reviews and official documents. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a better understanding of Indonesia's efforts to implement ESG concepts and promote the blue economy in the Indo Pacific Region. This research limits the scope by using students' perspectives regarding the ESG concept in developing the blue economy in the Indo Pacific region. This research can also provide insight into the challenges faced and the opportunities that exist in developing a sustainable economy in this region. Relevant policy implications will also be identified to support the future development of the blue economy.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the enforcement of civil servant discipline and in the office of the staffing agency and regional human resource development of Lembata Regency. The results showed that (a) The application of disciplinary sanctions against civil servants at the Office of the Civil Service Agency and Regional Human Resources Development of Lembata Regency is applied to civil servants who do not comply with Government Regulation Number 94 of 2021 concerning Civil Servant Discipline as stated in Government Regulations article 4 and article 5 and Regent Regulation Number 86 of 2022 in article 4 and article 5 concerning guidelines for implementing the enforcement of State Civil Apparatus discipline within the Lembata Regency Government; (b) External and internal obstacles occur in Lembata Regency which greatly affect the level of discipline of civil servants so that it is necessary to increase human resources and also SOPs in the process of enforcing discipline in Lembata Regency. The author's suggestions (a) there is a need for increased discipline. The author assesses the steps and procedures taken to enforce the discipline of civil servants as government officials in Lembata Regency based on data from the Lembata Regency Regional Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency in accordance with existing regulations starting from the stage of summoning coaching and imposing disciplinary sanctions, but in enforcement it often experiences obstacles that make the enforcement process often hampered (b) The factors that cause obstacles in the implementation of civil servant discipline in Lembata Regency are, still low awareness of employees to act and be disciplined in carrying out their duties.

Education serves as the main pillar in the effort to develop human resources, continually evolving in line with the progress of time. Within the realm of education, English language learning plays a crucial role. However, the process of English language learning often faces challenges, including low levels of student motivation. This research explores the use of gamification with integrated chatGPT as an innovative solution capable of boosting student motivation and making learning more engaging and effective. Adapting previously proposed methodologies, this application is web-based, developed using Laravel, and tested using Likert scale. The testing yielded a satisfactory average result of 83%, with a 15.64% increase in user scores. The findings of this research provide a positive contribution to enhancing the quality of English language education in Indonesia, particularly at the Junior High School level.

Green Sukuk is a financial instrument that combines the principles of Islamic finance with sustainable development goals. This article discusses the role, practices, mechanisms, as well as challenges and efforts of the government in developing Green Sukuk in Indonesia. Green Sukuk have great potential in supporting the transition to a sustainable economy by providing a source of funding for environmentally friendly projects. However, challenges such as lack of awareness and capacity of financial institutions need to be overcome to optimize the contribution of Green Sukuk. Through strengthening regulations, outreach, product innovation and international cooperation, it is hoped that the Green Sukuk market can continue to develop and support the achievement of sustainable development goals in Indonesia.    

The Indonesian Sugar Plantation Research Center (P3GI) serves as a research institution for sugar in Indonesia and also offers educational tours as a medium to educate the Indonesian public. However, during the operation of these educational tours, several evaluations have been identified that have led to visitors feeling less satisfied and comfortable during their visits. The evaluations focused on social media as a marketing tool and the lack of photo and educational spots in the P3GI area. The purpose of these developments is to help improve the evaluations that have arisen in the educational tours to make them better. The results of these developments include the creation of engaging content for social media related to the educational tours and the establishment of a sweetener garden as a way to add more photo and educational spots for visitors, as well as the distribution of surveys to monitor evaluations of P3GI's educational tours.

This research aims to, (1) describe the process of developing procedural text teaching materials containing local wisdom using the Google Sites website, (2) describe the form of developing procedural text teaching materials containing local wisdom in Simalungun using the Google Sites website, and (3) describe the feasibility of teaching materials procedure text containing local Simalungun wisdom with the help of the Google Sites website. The development of procedural text teaching materials containing Simalungun local wisdom with the help of the Google Sites website uses the ADDIE model which is limited to only going through the analysis, design and development stages. The validation stage involved material expert lecturers, media expert lecturers and two Indonesian language teachers. The sample for this research was 31 class VII students at SMP Negeri 2 Siantar using the Purposive Sample technique. Data collection techniques were interviews and questionnaires. The research instrument was a validation questionnaire sheet for material experts and media experts using Likert scale calculations. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the research show that the product of procedural text teaching materials containing Simalungun local wisdom with the help of the Google Sites website received the "Very Good" criteria with an average of 88.85%, with results from material experts of 83.41% with the "Very Good" criteria. The results from media experts were 88% with the criteria "Very Good" and Indonesian language teachers 92% and 90%, so that the teaching materials were suitable for use as supporting teaching materials in the learning process.

This research aims to describe the development of moderation and pluralism in the midst of globalization. This type of research is qualitative with a descriptive-analysis approach and literature study (library research). The main sources in this research are books, articles and other reading sources related to the theme of developing moderation and pluralism amidst globalization. The results of this research are 1) Moderation is a person's attitude that does not side with the extreme right and extreme left. This attitude is in the middle and does not side with either one. This is as stated in an expression, khairul age ausathuha (the best thing is the middle), 2) Indicators of religious moderation include national commitment, tolerance, non-violence and accommodating local culture, 3) Internalization of religious moderation in higher education by means of : a) The existence of indicators of religious moderation, b) Support from all higher education academics, c) The role of lecturers, d) Seminars and the existence of a house for religious moderation. Challenges to religious moderation in Indonesia include: a) Radicalism and extremism b) Limited understanding of religion c) The influence of globalization and d) Religious education that is not yet comprehensive. Pluralism is a philosophical view that does not reduce everything to one final principle, but accepts diversity. Pluralism concerns the religious, cultural and political fields.    

Self-potential is the ability that each person has that has the possibility to be developed. Knowing oneself is the basic principle of every determination of one's life. The goal is that by recognizing oneself, it will be able to make someone determine what his dreams are. Everyone must have a dream, where the dream is able to bring him to determine his life goals. This socialization activity was carried out at SMK Negeri 2 Panyabungan with three methods, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. Everyone must be able to recognize, understand, and accept who they are as best as possible. By understanding oneself, a person will be able to achieve success because they will be able to behave more effectively. To know oneself, one must also know one's strengths and weaknesses and never think of comparing oneself with others because everyone has their own privileges.

One of the roles of technology in learning activities is to make it easier for teachers and students to access various educational resources. Technology integration in learning activities is a planned activity of using or combining technology in classroom learning activities to improve the quality of the learning process.In the era of digital transformation, conventional learning media became less practical to use. For instance, when learning how to make fashion designs, there were not many digital handouts available to study the use of drawing applications for learning activities to create fashion designs. To address this gap, this research aims to develop digital handouts based on Ibis Paint X. The research follows the ADDIE research design as part of its research and development (R&D) process. The results of the feasibility test by two media validators obtains an average score of 86.25% with very feasible criteria. The results of the feasibility test by two material validators obtains an average score of 95% with very feasible criteria. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the digital handouts developed are very suitable for use in learning to make fashion designs.

This research aims to determine the feasibility of burci embroidery material through video tutorials. The type of research used is the type of research and development (R & D) with the ADDIE model to make the development of burci embroidery video tutorial media. Based on the results of development research and discussions that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the feasibility of video tutorial media on the technique of making tassel burci embroidery on decorative design elements obtained an average result of 91,8% with very decent categories by media experts and material experts.

The aim of this literature study is to conclude that the use of fly ash as a replacement material for most of the functions of cement in concrete mixes meets the standards for using concrete mixes as environmentally friendly building construction materials in the context of sustainable development, reducing the risk of the greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide. The conclusion is that Fly ash, as waste from burning coal for power plants, can be used as a substitute for most of the functions of Portland cement, so that the waste material becomes an economic value and an effort to save the environment. And the mechanism for using HVFA-SCC concrete provides a work productivity solution in the construction sector in reducing the use of labor more efficiently and economically, as well as reducing the use of a large proportion of cement in the concrete composition. Fly ash contains physical and chemical elements with an equivalent composition that is similar to Portland cement. The softness of the fly ash grains is beneficial for filling empty spaces, making the concrete denser and more compact. The equivalent physical and chemical properties mean that fly ash can replace Portland cement.