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This research was motivated by students' lack of understanding of concepts in science learning taught in grade V SDN Kedai Runding, South Kluet District, South Aceh. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of students' understanding of improving concepts in science through the Problem Based Learning Model. The difficulty of students in understanding concepts is indicated by the inability to understand concepts, give examples, explain and conclude the subject matter. The research method used is the method proposed by Kemmis and McTaggart, namely Classroom Action Research. The study was conducted in two cycles with 9 students consisting of 3 male students and 6 female students. The average evaluation test score of students in understanding concepts in cycle I is 60% and increases in cycle II to 88%.Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning model is effective in increasing students' understanding of the concepts in science taught to grade V students of SDN Kedai Runding.

Hybrid learning has emerged as a significant strategy in higher education, combining face-to-face learning with technology. Theoretical discussions on hybrid learning involve an understanding of contemporary learning concepts, such as constructivism, active learning, and humanistic approaches. The integration of technology in the learning process is seen as a key element for creating a holistic and student-centered learning experience. Instructional design principles, motivation theories, and understanding online learning concepts are also important in understanding the dynamics of hybrid learning. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach which purpose is to analyze students’ response to hybrid learning in higher education. The students in this research are the first semester students at Widya Karya Catholic University who are taking an English subject. Hopefully that this research gives a significant contribution to the development of pedagogical thinking and the practical application of hybrid learning in higher education institutions.

The problem at Maharani Private High School is that teachers or educators still use conventional methods so that students become passive in class and students' low understanding of the subject of geography, lithosphere material, which still contains many concepts, makes students feel bored, lazy, and this affects the results. learning and obtained by students whose grades do not meet the standard criteria for maximum completeness. The minimum standard for completion criteria (KKM) in geography subjects at Maharani Private High School is 75. This classroom action research aims to 1) find out the application of the jigsaw type cooperative learning model, 2) to find out the development of class X students' learning outcomes regarding lithosphere materials and types of rocks after using a jigsaw type learning model. The method used in this research is classroom action research or PTK using a jigsaw type cooperative learning model for class X students with research subjects of 20 students. The location of this research is Maharani Private High School for the 2022/2023 academic year, Weliman District, Malaka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This classroom action research was carried out in two cycles consisting of four stages including planning, observation, implementation and reflection. This research data was analyzed qualitatively descriptively. The results of this research show that using the jigsaw type cooperative learning model can improve the learning outcomes of class X SMA students on lithosphere material. The research results obtained for the first cycle of student learning outcomes were 6 students who completed with a percentage of 30% and as many as 14 students who did not complete or 70% of the 20 students, meanwhile, in cycle II the students who completed experienced an increase, namely 19 students. or as many as 95% and 1 student who did not complete or only 5% in cycle II. It can be concluded that using the jigsaw type learning model can significantly improve student learning outcomes in geography subjects on lithosphere material at Maharani Private High School for the 2022/2023 academic year.

The aim of making this final work is to convey life lessons, as well as introduce new techniques in the world of crafts, which are then expressed through the work in the form of visuals of fishermen's activities. The method of creation in this final work is carried out in stages, namely: the preparation stage is observations related to ideas and concepts of the author's interest, elaboration is the stage of exploring and displaying the diversity of fishing activities in terms of field surveys and electronic media, synthesis is the creation of an idea for a work , the realization of the concept is a stage of the work process and the completion or finishing of the work. Based on the method used, a work was created in the form of a wall decoration with fishermen's activities as the main object, which was made using the 3D Wood Shadow Box technique. The author created seven works with the titles: "Hope", "Reap", "Adrift", "Congratulations", "Shoulder to shoulder", "Rich", and "Alhamdulillah".    

Background: Mathematics is a very important subject to study. Mathematics lessons include the development and use of concepts such as numbers, formulas, geometry, and algebra to understand and explain phenomena in various contexts. To improve the quality of students' mathematics learning, it is necessary to develop material through a learning method which is expected to improve students' abilities in solving mathematical problems. Method: The research design is "Pre-Experimental Whithout Control Group Design". The population in this study was the fourth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Muara Aman, totaling 25 people. The sampling technique in this study used a total sampling technique where the entire population was sampled, namely 25 people. The results of this research were analyzed using the Paired t-test using SPSS 22 software. Results: The average mathematics score of respondents increased after being given the intervention by 51.13. Result: The results of the Paired T Test showed a p value of 0.000< α=0.05. Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is that there is an influence of the drill method on improving mathematics learning outcomes for fourth grade students at SD Negeri 2 Muara Aman in 2023. It is hoped that the results of this research will become a reference for teachers in developing effective learning methods to increase students' motivation and enthusiasm in learning interesting mathematics subjects. positive impact on increasing elementary school student learning achievement.

Education has a major role in the process of forming the character, ethics and morals of Gen-Z or the current generation. The subject that reflects several Islamic values is Fiqh. Students' understanding or interest in Fiqh subjects is still not optimal. So it is necessary to apply effective learning methods to increase student understanding. The demonstration method is one approach that is very suitable for achieving this goal. Because, students have the opportunity to see firsthand how the concepts in Fiqh can be applied in worship as well as everyday life . The process begins with a planning stage carried out with the teacher to identify various fiqh concepts that are confusing and often difficult for students to understand. Then there is a live demonstration where students actively participate in learning through observation and asking questions. Then the data was collected through interviews and observations of students, and qualitative analysis was carried out. Implementation will be greatly supported by the presence of materials or tools such as printed Fiqh of Worship books, visual presentation tools, animated videos and other multimedia support, while the instruments are still guided by interviews and observations . The demonstration method makes an important contribution to the development of students in critical thinking and solving problems, developing ethics and understanding related to worship in Fiqh. By formulating solutions, the ability to analyze problems, and also make ethical decisions. The right step in improving the development of the quality of Islamic religious education in the field of Fiqh in the context of worship is to use the demonstration method, because in this method, students will easily understand several concepts of worship in Fiqh by being more involved in learning and better.

This research aims to identify and describe the impact and benefits of the role of companion on the development of MSMEs in Kabonena Village. The role of MSME assistants will be analyzed using the four roles and skills presented by Jim Ife and Frank Tesoreiro (2006), namely the facilitative role, educational role, representational role and technical role. The type of research that the author uses in this writing is qualitative research with data collection techniques, namely: observation, in-depth interviews and documentation studies related to the research problem. The results of the research found that through a facilitative role, MSME actors will have the enthusiasm to run a business, the group is facilitated through various ideas and concepts in running a business, and there is a personal approach for each group member when there are problems within the group. In an educational role, the mentor will increase the awareness of all group members regarding the importance of the business they are running and provide information that is important for the development of their business. The third, in the role of accompanying representation, will help the group in using the right media in developing their business, building working networks with other parties, and sharing knowledge and experience. And finally, the role and technical skills, the assistant helps the group to use computers, and make verbal and written presentations, in running and developing their business.

Leadership with high EQ will be able to motivate themselves, then resonate with those around them. For a leader, emotional intelligence is an absolute requirement. Again, it is very unfortunate that our education is poor in concepts in helping to develop emotional intelligence (EQ), for students and university students. EQ training is essential to foster a dialogical, democratic, and participatory climate because all require emotional maturity in understanding and accepting differences. Ethnic, religious, and cultural plurality will become a source of latent conflict if it is not accompanied by the growth of dialogical culture and empathy. Research on Leadership Based on Emotional Intelligence at MA Yayasan Pondok Karya Pembangunan Sentani is a type of qualitative research, namely research that is not only ambitious to collect data in terms of quantity, but also wants to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomena that have been recorded. For example, exploring whether or not leaders are effective based on emotional intelligence (EQ). The results found that the Head of Madrasah MA Yayasan Pondok Karya Pembangunan Sentani was able to be firm and authentic, able to talk openly about his emotions or beliefs about the vision that guided them. They are receptive to constructive criticism and feedback, they also know when to ask for help and where to focus on growing new strengths.

This study aims to examine the integration between Islamic education financing and national policies in order to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) No. 4 on quality and inclusive education. Using an Islamic normative approach, national education policy analysis and human capital theory, this study explores the relationship between the financing principles in QS. Al-Mujadilah verses 12-13 and Law No 20 of 2003 on the National Education System. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with literature analysis techniques that include the study of Qur'anic interpretations, policy documents, and concepts of human capital theory. The results show that Islamic education financing, which is based on the principles of justice, equity, and sustainability, has great potential to support national education policies in improving access and quality of education in Indonesia. The principles of zakat, waqf and sadaqah as Islamic financial instruments can be optimized to close the gap in access to education, especially for marginalized groups. This research recommends a stronger synergy between Islamic financing principles, national education policy, and the human capital approach in order to realize inclusive and quality education in accordance with SDGs goal No. 4.

The Kacirebonan Palace in Cirebon City, known for its Javanese culture, houses a unique settlement surrounded by the Balutanti Fort. Baluarti Keraton Kacirebonan blends Chinese, Colonial, and Traditional-era buildings, preserving Javanese customs and procedures. However, challenges such as lack of authority, unclear preservation concepts, reliance on government subsidies, conflicts of interest, and low community participation hinder its preservation. This study uses Combined Strategies, combining Historical Research and Qualitative Research, to analyze objects from the past and examine their relationship with architectural design. Data sources include inscriptions, writings, and local experiences. Palaces often change over time, maintaining their architectural style by comparing new buildings with old ones. The roof shape, openings, and columns of new buildings often resemble those of the old building. The chessboard pattern, used for small towns with defense, agriculture, and trade functions, is also prevalent. Social factors and cultural influences significantly influence the spatial layout of a settlement. The Kacirebonan Palace complex, located southwest of Kasepuhan Palace and 500 meters south of Kanoman Palace, spans 46,500 square meters and features a Chinese-mixing style, Colonial, and Traditional era building. Baluarti settlement, part of the palace area, has a grid pattern with small, narrow roads, following the Palace's tradition. Baluarti, a Javanese settlement, is a residence for nobles, high-ranking priyayi, and courtiers of the Kacirebonan Palace. The settlement is characterized by a magersari system, where the king gives land for Abdidalem''s residence. The social status of the Baluarti community is derived from its family line, with most citizens having titles obtained from the king. Keraton Kacirebonan''s architecture blends Colonial, Chinese, and Javanese styles, while religious beliefs, social status, and the traditional magersari system influence the Baluarti settlement's layout.

This research was conducted to seek evidence, answer questions and determine the clarity and certainty of how much influence the results of the application of  Structured  Dyadic Methods have on Mathematical Concepts Understanding of Students in Junior High School 5 in Jambi City. This study is a quantitative research methods, namely posttest only control design. the sample was taken by using the simple random sampling techniques. While the data was collected using the  mathematics concept comprehension test instruments. The research sample consisted of 20 students as an experimental class using the Structured  Dyadic Methods, and a total of 20 students as a control class using Direct Instruction Method. From the data described, it was found that the maen value of the experimental group is  and a standard deviation of , while the mean of the control group was and the standard deviation was 9,74. The results of the calculation of the t test value of the t test with a significant level of 5%  while 1% and obtained . Because the value of  is . While the correlation  is obtained 0,55 and after comparing between  it turns out   (Both at the 5% and 1% significance levels)  The alternative hypothesis  is acceptedwhich means that there is a difference between the Structured  Dyadic Methods Matchin the ability to understand mathematical concepts of students at Junior Hight School students 5 Jambi City.  

Gender inequality, sexual violence, domestic violence, trafficking in women, and wartime exploitation are some of the many human rights violations that occur. With the advancement of information technology and globalization, the use of violence has changed and evolved. Revenge pornography, also known as "revenge porn", is combined with direct acts of violence.    The purpose of this research is to find out what causes revenge pornography and how legal protection can be given to its victims. This research uses normative research that uses legislation to examine a study by examining theories, concepts. Some of the causes of revenge pornography crimes are as follows: Ineffective laws, the patriarchal culture that still exists in Indonesian society, lack of sexual education, law enforcement that has not run properly, and handling victims who often backfire. The state is responsible for protecting victims of sexual harassment. Several existing laws protect victims of pornographic abuse.

Abstract.  The purpose of this research is to identify the difficulties experienced by students in understanding the concepts, principles, and procedures in problems related to the material of lines and angles. This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive method. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII-1 at SMP Negeri 29 Medan. Data collection techniques included tests, interviews, and documentation. All students of class VIII-1 took a test on the understanding of concepts, principles, and procedures. Afterward, the test results were analyzed and categorized into three groups: high, medium, and low ability. Subsequently, two students from each ability group were selected as interview subjects. The results of this research indicate that the most common conceptual difficulty experienced by students is classifying objects according to their concepts in determining the type of angle according to its measurement. The most common principle difficulty experienced by students is connecting mathematical concepts in solving problems in the material of the relationship between angles formed by two parallel lines intersected by a transversal line. Meanwhile, the procedural difficulty experienced by students is that all students still make mistakes in explaining, planning, and applying the correct steps or algorithms in mathematical problems, both in the material of the relationship between lines, determining angles, and the relationship between angles formed by two parallel lines intersected by a transversal.  

Nursing theories are attempts to describe or explain nursing phenomena. Through nursing theory, it can be distinguished whether it includes scientific disciplines or other activities. Apart from being used to develop a model related to nursing concepts, nursing theory also has characteristics including: nursing theory identifies and explains special concepts related to real things in nursing. The main concepts identified in Betty Neuman's theoretical approach are the holistic approach, open system (including function, input and output, feedback, negent-copy, and stability), environment (including the created environment), client system (including five client variables, basic structure, line of resistance, normal line of defense, and flexible line of defense), health (fitness to disease), stressors, degree of reaction, prevention as intervention (three levels), and recovery.

Background: Fractures can occur in all bones, one of which is a humerus fracture. Humerus fracture is a fracture of the longest and largest bone of the superior extremity caused by direct or indirect impact or trauma. Ida Jean Orlando, is a first generation Irish-American who was born on August 12, 1926 in New Jersey. Ida Jean Orlando's concept model is known as The Discipline and Teaching of Nursing Process: An Evaluative Study”. Ida Jean Orlando first published her theory in "The Dynamic nurse-patient relationship: Function, process and principles of Professional Nursing Practice" (1961) and published her second book entitled; “The Discipline and Teaching of Nursing Process: An Evaluative Study (1972). Orlando made several important contributions to nursing theory and practice. The concept of the nursing process that he provides includes several criteria, including providing a relationship concept that is described systematically regarding phenomena in the field of nursing, specifying the relationship between nursing concepts, explaining what happens during the nursing process and why it happens, describing how nursing phenomena can be controlled and explains how to control to predict the outcome of the nursing process.Objective: This research aims to implement nursing care for Humerus Fracture patients using the Ida Jean Orlando concept model approach. Research methodology: This research uses a Case Study, namely providing nursing care to patients with Humerus Fractures. Results: The results of this research are to improve nurse-patient interactions, a better understanding of relationship dynamics in the nursing process, and their impact on overall patient outcomes.Conclusion:The conclusion of this research is that the application of nursing care to Humerus Fracture patients using the Ida Jean Orlando concept model approach can make a positive contribution to nurse-patient interactions and overall patient outcomes.

The aim of this work is to represent the author's personal concerns which he wishes to express in his final assignment of creating a work of painting, based on personal experiences in the process of making friends over the years. Every human being has their own process in making friends, during which time hypocrisy will occur in friendship. There are several stages carried out according to the method used in creating the work, namely: 1). Preparation is the initial stage in creating a work of art starting from looking for ideas and concepts. 2). Elaboration is a main idea that has been determined and will later be expressed in a work of Expressionist Painting. 3). Synthesis is the steps in creating a work. 4). Concept Realization is a process stage in work and 5). Completion is the final stage in the work. A total of ten paintings measuring 120 cm x 100 cm and 100 cm x 100 cm with acrylic media on canvas. Each work displays a different facial anatomical figure. namely "Fighting Each Other", "Used", "Disappearing", "Two-Faced", "Traitor", "Disease", "Envy and Jealousy", "In Suffering", "Secret", "Hiding".    

The concepts used in this research are persuasive communication, film and semiotics. This type of research is descriptive qualitative and uses Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic analysis method. The data collection techniques used are observation and documentation studies.The results of this research are that there is meaning in the persuasive communication carried out by Jeong Myeong Seok through the persuasive techniques used, namely dissonance/cognitive dissonance techniques, he influences followers to carry out attacks, association techniques, through the message that the mother willThis life and reality is true, the integration/empathy technique where he uses dialogue language to check the victim that he was assigned by God, the reward/payoff idea technique which he does with a promise, the Fear Arrousing technique, he uses threat techniques to attractthe hearts of the victims, the arrangement technique, this technique he uses to attract the attention and support of his followers and finally the red-hearing technique The conclusion of research on the documentary film In The Name Of God: A Holy Betrayal, the story of Jeong Myeong Seok through Charles Sanders Peirce’s approach from these three episodes, found that there was persuasive communication with the dialogue signs used by Jeong Myeong Seok and throughpersuasive communication contains misdirection in its teachings.

This research aims to determine students' ability to understand mathematical concepts through the application of the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach and to find out how the students' answers process in solving problems on tests of students' ability to understand mathematical concepts after applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach in class VIII-1 of SMP Nurul Islam Indonesia Medan. This type of research is classroom action research through cyclical learning stages. The subjects of this research were 13 students in class VIII-1 of SMP Nurul Islam Indonesia Medan and the object of this research was the students' ability to understand mathematical concepts by applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach to statistical material. Based on the research results, it was found that by applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach, students' ability to understand mathematical concepts in statistical material in class VIII-1 at Nurul Islam Indonesia Middle School in Medan was improved, namely in cycle I the average student ability was only 30.76 with a completion percentage of only 8% of students completed. In cycle II the average student ability increased to 92.95 with a student completion percentage of 100%, so that students had met the classical completion percentage, namely ≥85%. The results of this research show that by applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning approach to statistics material in class VIII-1 of Nurul Islam Indonesia Middle School in Medan, students can improve their ability to understand mathematical concepts.

An effective learning process in the classroom involves increasing the ability to understand and apply concepts. Learning strategies play a crucial role in realizing this goal, becoming the main focus in efforts to improve the quality of education. The goals of modern education involve developing the ability to understand and apply concepts, producing individuals who are not only skilled in knowledge but also able to apply these skills in everyday life. In addition, the application of knowledge becomes essential, where learning is not only about receiving information but also about the ability to apply knowledge in real contexts. Learning strategies that focus on application help students develop practical skills that can be used in a variety of situations. Analysis of learning strategies is carried out by considering their relevance to the curriculum and support for learning styles. Relevant research results from 12 articles have been analyzed to gain an in-depth understanding of the most effective learning strategies. Based on the results of the analysis, several learning models such as Conceptual Understanding Procedures, Teams Games Tournament, and Blended Learning have been proven to be effective in increasing concept understanding. This research highlights the role of learning strategies in improving the ability to understand and apply concepts at the educational level.

Mathematical literacy is a person's ability to formulate, use and interpret  mathematics in various contexts of daily life problems efficiently. Literacy skills students not only have numeracy skills but also the ability to think logically and critically in solving problems. Mathematical literacy has a significant positive impact on students' critical thinking abilities. This research aims to describe the influence of mathematical literacy on students' critical thinking abilities in mathematics subjects. The method used in this research is a literature review. The results of this research show a strong relationship between mathematical literacy and critical thinking skills. Mathematical literacy involves understanding, using, and interpreting mathematical concepts in a variety of concepts, while critical thinking skills involve analysis, evaluation, and rational decision making. Mastery of mathematical literacy can improve students' critical thinking abilities, because mathematics involves problem solving and logical reasoning. Thus, developing mathematical literacy can contribute to improving students' critical thinking abilities