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Boja Village is located in the center of Boja District, Kendal Regency. Its area is relatively large compared to other villages. With a large population, many businesses have developed in the area. Boja has significant potential for MSME development and economic growth. Most of the area is agricultural land, mostly planted with cassava. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide outreach by empowering women from the Family Welfare Movement (PKK) to foster entrepreneurial interest in Boja Village, Boja District, Kendal Regency. Cassava is a highly versatile commodity, capable of being used in a variety of food preparations, including as a substitute for wheat flour, to create a variety of ready-to-sell foods. By utilizing this commodity, it is hoped that women can start businesses to supplement family income and increase its economic value. Recognizing this potential, the Community Service team will conduct outreach activities, including entrepreneurship training, workshops on various processing innovations, and digital marketing for housewives in the area. The community service activity took place on Thursday, June 12, 2025, from 3:30 PM to 5:30 PM WIB (Western Indonesian Time). Twenty-three participants covered entrepreneurship, workshops, and digital marketing. They were highly enthusiastic about the activity. The outreach program demonstrated an increased understanding of entrepreneurship, skills, and interest in starting a business. Evaluation results showed an increase in understanding, exceeding 50%, after pre- and post-tests. The target output of this community service is publication in national journals, HKI videos, YouTube, and through mass media.

This study aims to identify the phonological differences shown by two three-year-old boys, namely Galfin Yasasi Habbika and Muhammad Arkhan Al Hafiz with different family backgrounds in Pangalengan, Bandung, and it analyzed the environmental factors and parental roles that contribute to variations in their phonological acquisition. This Study uses descriptive qualitative method with the data were conducted through video documentation of natural interactions and interviews with the parents of both children. The data collected were 18 utterances from each child which were then analyzed based on phonological aspects to identify error patterns, compensation strategies, and articulation skills. The findings showed that the two children has different phonological development patterns with Galfin showing more conservative phonological strategy by maintaining the original word structure, and people interaction environment from digital medias showing good phonological awarenees in Indonesian language development. While Arkhan showed more active phonological reconstruction by transforming difficult words into more easly produced form with a family environment that often made direct correction to Arkhan’s phonological errors which more stable and consistent phonological structure. Their phonological development was also successfully achieve through a variety of consistent support strategies that were responsive to the child’s emotional state and learning style. The result of this study support Chomsky’s Language Acquisition Device theory, in which both children demonstrated an innate capacity for language learning while showing how environmental triggers activated and shaped this biological predisposition because the children's ability to produce complex phonological structures without explicit instruction supports the nativist perspective on language acquisition.          

Several of the best-selling small-molecule medications and natural alkaloids contain piperidine, a crucial saturated heterocyclic scaffold with a wide variety of biological functions. The hydrazide-hydrazone moiety's exceptional use in the pharmacological and biological domains made it particularly appealing. Objective: Designing and synthesizing a novel set of 4-Piperidin-1-yl-benzoic acid substituted hydrazides, Ac1-c3 and Bc1-c5, as potentially antimicrobial agents and characterizing them using IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Methods: By esterifying 4- Piperidin-1-yl-benzoic acid Ac1 and then treating with hydrazine hydrate it to produce Ac3 in a good yield. The hydrazide Ac3 was condensed with the proper aldehydes or ketone to synthesis the hydrazones Bc1–c5. The in vitro bacterial activity was evaluated anti two Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, as well as two Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Results: The majority of tested compounds demonstrated significant efficacy anti Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans. Notably, compound Bc3 emerged as the most effective derivative within the series. Conclusions: The Compounds (Bc1–c4) that were synthesized demonstrated moderate to good antimicrobial activity against a number of bacterias species and Candida albicans.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the demonstration method in improving the understanding of the concept of force in grade 1 elementary school students. The approach used is a literature study by reviewing various current scientific sources from 2021 to 2025. The results of the study show that the demonstration method is able to transform abstract concepts into concrete experiences that are easy for students to understand. Through demonstrations, students can see firsthand the application of force in everyday life, making it easier to understand. This method also increases students' active involvement, trains observation skills, and supports visual and kinesthetic learning styles. In its implementation, the success of the demonstration method is largely determined by the readiness of the teacher, the use of simple language, a variety of teaching aids, and repetition of activities to strengthen memory. Common obstacles faced include limited tools, time, and teacher skills in designing effective demonstrations. Therefore, school support and collaboration between teachers are key to optimizing the implementation of this method. In conclusion, the demonstration method is an effective learning strategy to improve the understanding of the concept of force, because it is in accordance with the cognitive development stage of early elementary school students who are in the concrete operational phase.   Keywords: demonstration method, concept of force, elementary school students, science learning, concrete activities  

This study examines the contribution of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) actors in supporting community economic empowerment through their strategic role in strengthening tourist attractions in two destinations in East Java, namely religious tourism of Cheng Hoo Mosque Pasuruan and natural educational tourism of Jati Sewu Gresik. This research is based on the reality of tourist destinations that are the target of the study, where the role of MSMEs in both areas reflects a significant role in strengthening tourist attractions in destinations for visitors. Cheng Hoo Mosque Pasuruan and Jati Sewu Gresik have become new growing spaces for MSMEs that not only sell food, drinks, or tourist services, but also convey the distinctive values of the destination to visitors through direct interaction and the products sold. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a content analysis approach. The data collected was obtained from participatory observations in the field directly with MSME actors, and supported by secondary data obtained from various online sources such as news articles, tourism websites, and official information from the two related destinations. The results show that MSMEs in these two tourist destinations not only play a role in enriching the variety of attractions offered to tourists, but also play an important role in supporting the economy of the surrounding community. Trade activities carried out by MSME players around the tourist area directly create new economic opportunities while increasing community participation in tourism dynamics. In addition, MSMEs also create a more authentic, communicative, and inclusive travel experience for tourists.

Mathematics is often perceived as a subject that is difficult for students to master, a notion that has been confirmed by numerous previous studies. One of the contributing factors is the limited variety of instructional media used in classrooms, which affects students' interest and comprehension. Many teachers still lack appropriate learning media to support blended learning approaches. This study aims to develop and implement multimedia-based Educational Instructional Media (EIM) that are valid, practical, and effective. The project utilizes video-based learning to deliver algebra concepts material for Grade VII students at SMPN 252 Jakarta and SMPIT Al-Qudwah. The development process follows the ADDIE model, which includes five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. During the analysis phase, both learning needs and content requirements were mapped according to SAP (System Analysis and Product). The material was then divided into seven core sections. In the design stage, the curriculum structure, system flow, and user interface were developed. The development stage involved creating instructional content based on the analysis results. The content was then uploaded to the Moodle platform and presented using the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model.

We designed and implemented a web-based inventory system to address challenges in managing inventory and financial data at Toko bangunan Mutiara. With high daily transaction volumes and a wide variety of products, manual recording often leads to errors, inaccuracies in inventory data, and difficulties in monitoring cash flow. To address this, we developed the system using the Agile/Scrum development model, which allows for flexibility and adaptation to user needs through the stages of Requirements, Design, Development, Testing, Deployment, and Review. The system was developed using web technology, including PHP and JavaScript for the backend, HTML and CSS for the frontend, and MySQL as the database system. The main features we implemented include two integration options: barcodes and unique product codes to simplify recording, automatic notifications when stock reaches the minimum level set by the system, and the ability to generate accurate reports. It is hoped that this research, which was designed to enhance operational efficiency in recording incoming and outgoing goods, provide flexible and accurate access to inventory data, and minimize errors in recording and inaccurate data, will be successful. The implementation of this system contributes to more accurate inventory management and supports better financial decision-making for Toko bangunan Mutiara.

Hyperlipidemia is a condition in which lipid levels in the bloodstream (plasma) experience an imbalance in lipid levels, although it does not show severe symptoms but can trigger various serious diseases. Statins are used as the main therapy for antidyslipidemia, but with long-term use, statins cause various side effects such as muscle pain, muscle disorders and muscle discomfort. Indonesia has a variety of plants that have benefits for lowering blood cholesterol levels. To determine the potential of metabolite compounds contained in several plants as HMG-COA Reductase inhibitors, research can be carried out using molecular docking. The purpose of this literature study is to determine the comparison of compounds that have HMG-COA Reductase inhibitor inhibitor activity. The method used in compiling this literature study is from various national and international scientific articles published in the period 2020-2025. The natural compounds that have been studied have significant inhibitory activity against the HMG-CoA Reductase enzyme, namely from the 10 plants studied, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa has the best activity in inhibiting the HMG-CoA Reductase enzyme with an Affinity of the Binding value of -11.4 so that it has the potential to be further developed as a natural anti-cholesterol drug.

The use of various instructional media plays a significant role in the teaching process, as it can stimulate students' interest and encourage active participation in learning activities. By utilizing a variety of educational tools, children can enhance the efficiency of their learning in relation to the material delivered by the teacher. Teachers are expected to select the most effective teaching models, instructional media, and strategies to improve students' understanding. The use of instructional aids such as fraction clocks can serve as an innovative resource for teachers in presenting learning materials. Through the implementation of such media, teachers can expand the scope of media utilization in the educational process. The use of fraction clocks aims to inspire and improve students’ learning outcomes in the field of mathematics. The study employs a quantitative approach. This quasi-experimental study applies a Pretest-Posttest Control Group design. 50 students participated in the study. The collected data are analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques to describe the students’ pretest and posttest results. Furthermore, inferential statistics, including normality tests and hypothesis testing, are used to support further interpretation. The findings revealed that for the pretest, students had an average score of 51.92, indicating a moderate level of achievement, with a percentage of 62%. And the students’ postest scores increased to 66.92, indicating a higher level of achievement, with a percentage of 69% based on a sample of 26 students. The Paired Sample T-test showed a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000, which is lower than the predetermined significance level of 5% or 0.05. This indicates the rejection of null hypothesis and acceptance of alternative hypothesis. It can be concluded that the use of fraction clock as an instructional medium has positive effect on students’ learning outcomes and enhances their understanding of fraction concepts.

Making ecoprints to improve skills in using natural materials in learning arts and culture and crafts for elementary school children in Kalijambe, Sragen. Making this ecoprint means that the motifs produced on each fabric have different colors and patterns even though they use the same type of plant leaves. This is due to several factors, the relatively different shapes of the leaves. The introduction of ecoprinting to elementary school children creates a creative experience in learning arts and culture and crafts. Another contribution that can be achieved from this training is the growth of students' awareness of the potential of the environment and the desire to preserve nature. Ecoprint work training also provides real and meaningful learning experiences. Exploring the variety of natural materials around, especially leaves, adds value to aesthetic sensitivity. Apart from that, ecoprints also have quite a lot of selling value.

UD. Sarigut Bakery is known as one of several industries that focus on processing bread specifically in the Banda Aceh City area that seeks to produce with a variety of bread. The purpose of this study is to carry out efforts to identify, measure efforts, and analyzing efforts to the phase known to be the cause of the decline in quality of the production process of meses bread through a series of stages of the DMAIC SIX SIGMA methodology. It is known that the main problem is the discovery of disability with a total of 4,096 of the total production of the production of 21896 with a period of 3 months specifically in the dominant disability of Meses bread in the percentage of 81.29%. With the dominant of the disability itself the disability that comes in damaged bread with a percentage of 36.49% present from all of the total disability of related meses bread. After the assessment effort, the DPMO value was obtained by 26723.74 so that there were several levels of Sigma 3, which means it was still far from the world industry level which reached 6σ (3.4 DPMO). Efforts to analyze the data carried out by applying the Fishbone and FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) diagrams are known to be related to the cause of the presence of disability from damaged bread with 3 modes of failure in potential, namely bread that is not filled with chocolate with a value of 20, the upper bread with a value of RPN of 80 and failure mode on broken bread with the highest RPN value of 90.

As the Institute of Vocational Education, the Naval Academy has the task of forming a cadets became officer Tanggap, Tanggon and Trengginas. Moreover, AAL also formed Cadets become professional officers so as to face the task - the task in the field assignment. To support these tasks then conducted education and training of the cadets were held for 4 years with details of one year in Magelang Military Academy and three years in the AAL. Hopefully, with four years of education and training, cadets already have the provision of sufficient knowlegdes and skills, so as to become a professional officer who is ready to face a variety of terrain assignment. However, at this time cadets after being elected Lieutenant indirect positions and duties in his unit but had to get additional knowledge and skills through the course of several months of junior officers.According this background, the author examines the extent to which the influence of education and training to the formation of a professional cadets AAL towards World Class Naval Academy. Researchers will carry out research at the Naval Academy in Surabaya. As the subject of this research is the teachers who taught at the Naval Academy. The method used is quantitative method with data collection by distributing a questionnaire / questionnaire of 115 respondents and literature. Collected data is processed, beginning with testing the validity of data that includes test validity and reliability of research instrument, normality test and data analysis consisted of descriptive analysis indicator variables of the study, analysis of the description of the indicator variables of the study, the coefficient of multiple determination (R square) and hypothesis testing. The test results hypothesis states that the value of F count larger than F table (41.393> 3.93), while the significance value obtained was 0,000 that is smaller than the value of the degrees of freedom (0.000 <0.05). Based on the above test the hypothesis can be accepted, it means that independent variables consisted of Education (X1) and exercise (X2) simultaneously significant effect on Professionalism (Y) Cadets Naval Academy. From the analysis of quantitative data will be concluded that the results of research. In conclusion, the researchers delivered a number of recommendations in order to establish the Naval Academy to become a World Class Naval Academy.

Blepharitis or inflammation of the eyelids is one of the common eye diseases, characterized by inflammation of the edges of the eyelids that can cause discomfort, irritation, and even visual disturbances. This disease can be chronic with recurrent symptoms such as red eyes, itching, watering, and the appearance of crust on the eyelashes. Proper and prompt diagnosis is necessary so that medical treatment can be carried out effectively and further complications can be prevented. This study aims to design and build an expert system based on the Fuzzy Logic method in helping diagnose blepharitis. The fuzzy method was chosen because it is able to handle the uncertainty of symptom data that often arises in the medical diagnosis process. This system is developed through the identification of the common symptoms of blepharitis, then processed using the fuzzy membership function to determine the type of disease based on the degree of symptom onset. The output of the system is in the form of the results of the diagnosis of blepharitis along with initial treatment recommendations that can be used as a reference for users. The results of the system test show that the application of fuzzy logic is able to provide diagnosis results that are quite accurate, fast, and easy to understand both medical personnel and the general public. This system is expected to help increase public awareness about the importance of early detection of blepharitis, as well as being a tool in the initial medical decision-making process. However, the limitations of this study lie in the limited amount of data and coverage of the type of blepharitis, so further development is needed, both in expanding the knowledge base, increasing the variety of symptoms, and improving system interaction with users.

Price fluctuations in agricultural commodities, including cocoa, are a common phenomenon that can be influenced by a variety of factors such as global market demand, seasonality, production volume, weather conditions, and product quality. These dynamic changes in prices can create uncertainty and directly impact the economic stability of farming households, especially in rural areas where agriculture is the primary source of income. This study aims to analyze the effect of cocoa price fluctuations on the welfare level of farmer households in Kaleok Village, Binuang Sub-district, Polewali Mandar Regency. The research adopts a descriptive quantitative approach with a field survey method to capture the lived experiences of cocoa farmers facing price instability. Primary data were gathered using a structured questionnaire based on a Likert scale from 74 respondents, selected through the Slovin formula to ensure representativeness. The data were analyzed using simple linear regression to determine the relationship between price volatility and welfare indicators such as income stability, access to education, healthcare, housing conditions, and overall quality of life. The findings reveal that cocoa price fluctuations significantly affect the welfare of farmer households. Higher fluctuations tend to reduce income certainty, limit household spending, and hinder long-term economic planning. These results emphasize the need for policy interventions such as price support mechanisms, farmer cooperatives, access to market information, and financial literacy programs. Ensuring price stability and strengthening institutional support could play a vital role in improving the economic resilience and living standards of cocoa farmers. This study contributes to the broader discourse on rural development, agricultural economics, and poverty reduction in Indonesia.

The selection of learning media and resources is an important aspect of the learning process. Learning media helps to convey material in a more engaging and effective way, while learning resources include a variety of references that support learning activities, such as human, print, visual, and audio-visual materials. The selection of media must be adjusted to the learning objectives, student characteristics, and availability of facilities. Learning resources, on the other hand, must meet the criteria of economy, practical, easy to obtain, flexible, and can motivate and support the learning process. By choosing the right learning media and resources, learning becomes more effective, engaging, and relevant for students. The method used by the researcher is qualitative research. And the data obtained were analyzed using the literature study method.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of formative assessment in mathematics learning for tenth-grade students at MAN 2 Kota Padang. A descriptive qualitative approach was used with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings show that formative assessments were systematically implemented and aligned with learning objectives. Teachers employed various question types, especially essay questions, to assess students’ higher-order thinking skills. However, challenges such as limited time and lack of question variety were noted. It can be concluded that the formative assessment was fairly effective but requires further development in variation and technical support.

This research aims to analyze the effect of taste and service quality on customer satisfaction at Hilande Koffie Medan. As the café business continues to grow in urban areas, customer satisfaction becomes a key factor in business sustainability. Hilande Koffie, located in Medan, offers a variety of pastries and beverages that attract many customers, yet some inconsistencies in taste and service have raised concerns. This study uses a quantitative method with a sample of 45 respondents, applying multiple linear regression analysis through SPSS version 25. The results show that both taste and service quality have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, either partially or simultaneously. The coefficient of determination (Adjusted R²) shows that 65% of the variation in customer satisfaction can be explained by the two independent variables. The findings suggest that maintaining consistency in taste and improving staff professionalism are crucial in enhancing overall customer experience. Therefore, Hilande Koffie is recommended to continuously evaluate and improve both aspects to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.  

This research aims to examine the impact of thrifting on the economic condition of clothing traders in Pasar Lasoani, to identify the factors that make thrifting a threat to these traders, to find solutions that traders can implement in facing competition with thrifted products, and to understand the Islamic economic perspective on thrifting practices in Pasar Lasoani. This study uses a qualitative research method, which is intended to describe and explain events or phenomena occurring in the field and to present data systematically, factually, and accurately regarding the facts or phenomena observed. The data for this study were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The thrifting phenomenon has had a significant impact on the economy of clothing traders in Pasar Lasoani. On the positive side, this trend has increased income for traders who sell thrifted items due to their affordable prices and attractive variety. However, on the negative side, thrifting reduces the competitiveness of new and local clothing traders, thereby creating economic imbalances in the market. The increase in secondhand clothing imports is also perceived as a threat to the demand for new products, especially due to the strong interest of young consumers in branded clothes at low prices. To improve competitiveness, new clothing traders need to implement strategies such as price adjustments, product quality improvement, utilization of digital marketing, and consumer education on the advantages of new clothing. From an Islamic economic perspective, the practice of thrifting is permissible as long as it fulfills the pillars and legal conditions of buying and selling, namely clarity of the product, mutual agreement on price, and absence of excessive gharar (uncertainty). According to the school of Imam Malik, this practice is valid if the existing gharar is minor, unavoidable, and conducted with honesty, fairness, and transparency. Therefore, thrifting transactions in Pasar Lasoani can be considered in line with the principles of sharia.

Indonesia is known as a megabiodiversity country with high biological wealth, including a variety of medicinal plants that are traditionally used by various ethnic groups. One of them is the Tengger Tribe in Lumajang Regency, East Java, which until now still maintains traditional medicinal practices based on medicinal plants. This study aims to explore and document the types of medicinal plants used by the Tengger people, the parts of the plants used, the content of active compounds, efficacy, and pharmacological mechanisms of action based on scientific data. The method used is a literature study by searching for scientific articles through Google Scholar and PubMed in the period 2010–2024. The results of the exploration found at least 15 types of medicinal plants that are often used by the Tengger people, including Eucalyptus globulus, Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, and Psidium guajava. These plants have active compounds such as eucalyptol, curcumin, gingerol, and quercetin which work through anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant mechanisms. Some of them have been tested preclinically and clinically to support their traditional efficacy. This study emphasizes the importance of scientific documentation and validation of local ethnobotanical knowledge as a basis for the development of phytopharmaceuticals and the preservation of traditional Indonesian health culture.

Along with the increasing public interest in coffee, the coffee industry in Indonesia, especially in urban areas such as Surakarta, is growing rapidly. Surakarta is one of the cultural and tourism cities that has a variety of consumer segments that are potential targets for Kopi Stralink. Starting from students, office workers, to tourists who have unique preferences that need to be accommodated in marketing strategies. This study can help Kopi Stralink management in designing a more effective marketing communication strategy. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method, which aims to describe in depth the marketing communication strategy implemented by Kopi Stralink (Kopi Keliling) in the Surakarta area. This method focuses on an in-depth understanding of the phenomena studied and relies on descriptive data. The results of the study can provide insight into the most effective communication channels and relevant approaches to be implemented so that Kopi Stralink can reach its target market more optimally in Surakarta. This study can open up discussions about social problems faced by society, especially those related to economic pressure and debt. This analysis is expected to encourage society to be more critical in understanding the impact of modern lifestyles on personal and social well-being.