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Cooking oil is a staple food widely used in daily cooking. However, repeated use of cooking oil, resulting in its conversion into used cooking oil, can have negative impacts on both health and the environment. Used cooking oil that has changed color and quality is carcinogenic and has the potential to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease if consumed again. Furthermore, improper disposal of used cooking oil can cause environmental pollution because it is difficult to decompose. This study aims to examine the wise management of household waste, especially used cooking oil, by utilizing it into products with utility value. One form of utilization is processing used cooking oil into environmentally friendly soap for laundry purposes. This activity was carried out as a form of community service through training in making soap from used cooking oil with the addition of essential oils for aromatherapy for residents of Pasar Rawa Village, Gebang District, Langkat Regency. The research method used was qualitative, with observation and direct participation in the training activities. The results showed that participants, particularly housewives, demonstrated high enthusiasm and were actively involved in both the presentation and the soap-making practices. This activity not only raised public awareness of the importance of managing used cooking oil waste but also provided new skills that have the potential to support family economic growth.

Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) is an Islamic microfinance institution that plays an essential role in expanding financial access for low-income communities and supporting sustainable economic development. This article aims to analyze the role of BMT as an inclusive monetary instrument within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study employs a library research approach with descriptive-analytical methods based on secondary data from books, academic journals, research reports, and official documents. The findings show that BMT significantly contributes to financial inclusion through real-sector-based Islamic financing, especially for micro-enterprises and low-income households. Moreover, BMT’s social function—realized through the management of zakat, infaq, and sadaqah—strengthens income redistribution, poverty alleviation, and community welfare. BMT supports several SDG targets, particularly in reducing poverty, creating decent employment, developing MSMEs, and minimizing socioeconomic inequality. However, the optimization of BMT’s role still faces challenges such as limited capital, governance constraints, digital transformation, and institutional strengthening. Therefore, synergy between BMT, the government, regulators, and the community is needed to enhance BMT’s contribution as an inclusive, sustainable, and Sharia-compliant economic development agent.

Sambofuar Village in Samofa District, Biak Numfor Regency, faces various maternal health challenges due to limited access to healthcare services, low socioeconomic conditions, and inadequate capacity of posyandu cadres in supporting pregnant women with high-risk conditions. With a population of 954 people and 228 households, only 64% of pregnant women received antenatal care during the second trimester, while 18% did not undergo any pregnancy check-up. To address these issues, the Student Creativity Program was implemented using a community-based cadre empowerment approach. The program was carried out from October 11 to December 9, 2024, involving five posyandu cadres, most of whom were 50–59 years old, had an elementary school education, and had more than five years of experience. The intensive training provided resulted in a significant increase in knowledge, where pre-test scores ranging from 30–50 improved to 70–90 in the post-test. Mentoring activities at the posyandu also showed that all cadres (100%) were able to perform their duties effectively, including providing health education and independently assisting high-risk pregnant women. This program has contributed positively by improving cadre competency, strengthening maternal health literacy, and potentially reducing the risk of pregnancy complications. Overall, cadre empowerment through training and education has proven effective and should be continued to strengthen the maternal health system in Sambofuar Village.

Community preparedness for disasters and emergencies is an essential component in reducing morbidity and mortality. This community service program aimed to empower the community in emergency response through optimizing the role of tourism actors based on Tourism Health Nursing in Versel Village, Pasean District. The methods implemented included socialization, risk screening, the establishment of health cadres, the development of an emergency response handbook, creation of health education media, as well as training and simulation activities. The training covered topics such as recognizing emergency conditions, management of cardiac arrest and respiratory failure, choking, first aid (P3K), utilization of household materials in emergency response, management of febrile seizures, and stress management. The results showed a significant improvement in cadres’ understanding, where prior to education, training, and simulation, most participants (60%) had low comprehension, while after the intervention, almost all (90%) demonstrated good understanding. These findings indicate that the program successfully enhanced the capacity and preparedness of the community—particularly health cadres—in managing emergencies and disasters within the tourism-based community environment.

Fraudulent investment is a phenomenon that has become widespread among Indonesian society. The PKK mothers in Rt 5 Rw 2, Gayamsari sub-district, have not yet gained any knowledge or understanding about the dangers of fraudulent investments and their characteristics, nor have they received any knowledge or understanding related to financial literacy that could protect their families from the dangers of fraudulent investments. The PKK of Gayamsari sub-district urgently needs socialization on strategies to prevent being affected by fraudulent investments and to recognize the signs of such investments. In addition to fraudulent investments, they also feel the need to receive socialization about financial literacy and the characteristics of legal and safe investments, so that they can prevent becoming victims of fraudulent investments. Based on the problems that occur, solutions are needed to address them. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide understanding and knowledge about financial literacy so as not to fall into fraudulent investments. Partners are also given an understanding of safe and legal investments to avoid the dangers of fraudulent investments. The expected outcome of this service activity for the mothers of the PKK in Gayamsari sub-district is to understand the importance of financial literacy and the dangers of fraudulent investments along with their characteristics. It is hoped that the PKK mothers in Gayamsari sub-district will be wise in managing family finances by choosing safe investments for the future of their household and family, as well as being able to prevent becoming victims of fraudulent investment scams.

Household waste management is a significant challenge in creating clean, healthy, and sustainable residential areas. Dependence on manual monitoring methods often leads to delays in waste collection, waste pile-ups, and operational inefficiencies. This community service program implements a Smart Trash Monitoring Sistem (STMS) based on the Internet of Things (IoT) in Graha Panyindangan Estate, Indramayu. The system utilizes ultrasonic sensors and ESP32 to detect waste levels and sends real-time data to a dashboard accessible by residents and cleaning staff. The results of implementing STMS show improved efficiency in waste management, with waste collection being carried out on time based on accurate, real-time data. This system also reduces the need for manual inspections and encourages responsible waste management behavior among residents. In addition to technical benefits, there have been social changes, such as increased environmental awareness and the formation of new social norms within the community. The involvement of local leaders in supporting the system’s sustainability further strengthens the implementation of the smart living concept, resulting in a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable residential environment in the long term.

Household waste management is a significant challenge in creating clean, healthy, and sustainable residential areas. Dependence on manual monitoring methods often leads to delays in waste collection, waste pile-ups, and operational inefficiencies. This community service program implements a Smart Trash Monitoring Sistem (STMS) based on the Internet of Things (IoT) in Graha Panyindangan Estate, Indramayu. The system utilizes ultrasonic sensors and ESP32 to detect waste levels and sends real-time data to a dashboard accessible by residents and cleaning staff. The results of implementing STMS show improved efficiency in waste management, with waste collection being carried out on time based on accurate, real-time data. This system also reduces the need for manual inspections and encourages responsible waste management behavior among residents. In addition to technical benefits, there have been social changes, such as increased environmental awareness and the formation of new social norms within the community. The involvement of local leaders in supporting the system’s sustainability further strengthens the implementation of the smart living concept, resulting in a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable residential environment in the long term.

The National Food Assistance Program (Non-Cash Food Assistance/BPNT) is one of the social policy instruments designed by the Indonesian government to enhance food security and improve the welfare of poor households. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of this program by assessing its accessibility, targeting accuracy, commodity quality, and its impact on household expenditure and stability of food consumption.The research methodology uses a descriptive-analytical approach, combining secondary data from official government reports and academic literature with primary data in the form of a limited survey of beneficiaries.The results of the analysis indicate that the program is quite effective in increasing poor households' access to staple foods, primarily through the more transparent and flexible non-cash distribution mechanism. However, several constraints are still found, including inaccurate targeting of beneficiaries, variation in food quality at the e-warung level, and the limited digital literacy of some households.Nevertheless, the program is proven to be able to reduce the burden of food expenditure and improve consumption quality, thereby contributing positively to the welfare of poor households. This research suggests improving the validation of beneficiary data, supervising distribution, and expanding food and digital education for the community to further optimize the program's effectiveness.

This study aims to analyze and compare the price responsiveness of broiler chicken meat and native chicken meat in relation to household consumption patterns in Tarogong Kidul District, Garut Regency. A quantitative approach was employed using simple linear regression analysis based on primary data obtained through observations and interviews conducted in traditional markets. The analysis examines the extent to which price changes influence the demand for both commodities. The results indicate that broiler chicken shows a very strong relationship between price and demand, reflected in an R² value of 0.963. Statistical testing further demonstrates that price has a significant effect on broiler chicken demand (0.018 < 0.05), indicating that its demand is elastic and highly sensitive to price fluctuations. In contrast, native chicken shows an R² value of 0.698 and an insignificant price effect on demand (0.164 > 0.05), suggesting inelastic demand that remains relatively stable despite price changes. These findings reveal that consumers adjust their broiler purchase quantities more quickly in response to price changes, whereas native chicken consumption is more strongly influenced by taste preferences and habitual factors. The study concludes that there is a clear difference in price sensitivity between the two types of chicken. The implications of this research include the need for government price stabilization policies for broiler chicken to maintain household affordability, as well as quality improvement and marketing strategies for native chicken producers to strengthen competitiveness amid changing consumer demand.

The utilization of home yard as an alternative food source by using innovation has not been well applied in Melandar Meiland village. Household food security is usually not managed planned. To achieve sustainable use of the yard, this devotion aims to implement the Deep Flow Technique (DFT) hydroponic system. Moreover, the method used in this activity is participation through the observation of initial conditions, socialization and education through extension and discussion, the application of hydroponic installation, and planting maintenance of plants. The results of the activity show that people better understand the benefits of yard and the ability to run the DFT hydroponic system independently. Thus, the application of this system encourages changes in the views and habits of society about the yard as a productive place to support household food security. 

This study aims to analyze the production process, marketing strategies, and environmental impacts of sugarcane brown sugar agroindustry at the household scale, using the Haeruddin enterprise located in Latellang Village, Patimpeng District, Bone Regency as a case study. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The results show that the enterprise manages approximately 50 hectares of sugarcane land with productivity ranging from 30–60 tons per hectare, which is below the national average. The production capacity reaches 1–2 tons of sugarcane per day, producing approximately 1 ton of brown sugar daily, and involves local labor in cultivation and processing activities. Marketing is conducted through direct sales and local distributors, with prices ranging from IDR 8,000–10,000 per kilogram, without the use of digital promotion or modern retail channels. From an environmental perspective, the production process generates solid, liquid, and gaseous waste; however, solid waste in the form of bagasse is reused as fuel, while liquid waste and combustion residues are only partially managed. These findings indicate that while the enterprise contributes to employment and the local rural economy, improvements in production efficiency, marketing strategies, and environmental management are required to enhance competitiveness and sustainability. This study provides practical insights for the development of sustainable household-scale sugarcane brown sugar agroindustries in rural areas.

Household waste management remains a critical challenge in creating clean and sustainable residential environments. Manual monitoring methods often lead to delayed waste collection, overflowing bins, and operational inefficiency. This community engagement program implements an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Smart Trash Monitoring SIstem (STMS) at Graha Panyindangan Estate, Indramayu. The sIstem utilizes ultrasonic sensors and ESP32 microcontrollers to detect the fill level of household waste containers and transmit data in real time to a user-accessible dashboard. The results demonstrate that the STMS provides accurate waste-level information, reduces manual inspections, enhances collection efficiency, and fosters data-driven behavior among residents. Social changes also emerged, including improved environmental awareness, new social norms, and the emergence of local leaders supporting sIstem sustainability. This program contributes to the realization of smart living in modern residential communities, ensuring better waste management, cleaner environments, and more sustainable practices for future generations. It also provides valuable insights into the role of technology in addressing environmental issues at the community level.

The increasing global energy demand drives the search for efficient and sustainable renewable energy solutions. Solar panels have become one of the most widely used technologies; however, their efficiency remains limited when installed in a static position. This research aims to analyze the performance of a single-axis auto tracking system on a 10WP solar panel integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) for real-time monitoring, specifically in powering a portable powerbank. The research method employed was a quantitative experimental design with three testing scenarios: powerbank charging using an auto-tracking solar panel, a static solar panel, and conventional household electricity as a comparison. Charging data were collected via an IoT system integrated with the Blynk application in real-time. The results indicate that the auto-tracking system increased charging efficiency by around 10%, compared to only 6% with a static panel in one hour. This performance is nearly equal to household electricity charging, which reached approximately 10–11%. The study concludes that the single-axis IoT-based auto-tracking system significantly enhances the performance of small-scale solar panels and holds strong potential for portable energy solutions in remote areas.

This community service program aimed to enhance students’ knowledge and awareness regarding the use of natural ingredients in producing lavender-scented air freshener gel as a safe and environmentally friendly alternative. The activity employed an educational outreach approach, combining material presentations, video demonstrations, and direct observation of product samples. The program engaged 32 eighth-grade students at MTsN 1 Palangka Raya. Through these activities, students learned about the various natural ingredients used in the gel, the functional properties of each ingredient, and the environmental and health benefits of lavender aromatherapy. The results of the program indicated significant improvements in students’ understanding of gel production concepts and their ability to identify the characteristics of the products during observation. Students showed high enthusiasm for using natural ingredients in household products, which also contributed to enhancing their environmental literacy. Furthermore, the program provided MBKM students with valuable experience in delivering applied science education. The success of this program not only fostered students' awareness of sustainable practices but also provided an engaging learning experience. Based on the positive outcomes observed, the program is recommended for replication in other schools, with the addition of hands-on practice sessions to further reinforce the concepts learned.

Food safety is crucial for maintaining public health, especially in rural areas that face limitations in knowledge and resources to detect harmful substances in food products. The PKK Group of Borisallo Village, Gowa Regency, has great potential to become an agent of food safety education and monitoring. However, they still face limitations in understanding the impact of pathogenic microbes, pesticide residues, and harmful chemicals such as formalin, borax, and synthetic dyes. This Community Service Program (PKM) aims to enhance the knowledge and skills of PKK members through education and training on detecting harmful substances using simple organoleptic methods and household tests. The activities include counseling, self-detection demonstrations, and providing supporting tools such as portable stoves and frying pans for home practice. The results show a significant improvement in participants' knowledge, especially regarding the characteristics of contaminated food and natural inspection techniques. The PKK group also showed high enthusiasm in disseminating food safety information. This program enhances the capacity of PKK as agents of change, strengthens the culture of food safety at the household level, and supports sustainable education through collaboration with the village government and health centers. It is hoped that this can be replicated in other villages.

This study aims to analyze the bread production system of UMKM Roti D’One using the Input–Process–Output (IPO) approach and to identify product defects through the application of the Seven Tools of quality control. Data were obtained through interviews, field observations, and production recording. The IPO analysis shows that the production process is carried out manually and relies heavily on worker skills and household-scale equipment. Based on the checksheet, two dominant types of defects were identified—non-soft texture and uneven color—resulting in 30 defective products out of 1,400 breads produced in one week. The Pareto analysis indicates that texture defects contribute the largest portion (56.7%) of total defects. Meanwhile, the fishbone diagram reveals that the main causes originate from raw material inconsistency, equipment limitations, variations in worker skills, and manual production methods. This study suggests improvements related to raw material standards, production consistency, and worker training to reduce defects and enhance the overall quality of Roti D’One products.

The Family Hope Program (PKH) is one of the main instruments of social protection policies in Indonesia that aims to reduce poverty through conditional social assistance. However, in its implementation, this program still faces various problems related to the accuracy of the aid distribution targets, especially in urban areas such as Jagakarsa District, South Jakarta. This study aims to analyze various problems in the distribution of PKH social assistance, assess their impact on the effectiveness of poverty alleviation, and identify strategies that can ensure targeted assistance. The approach used is qualitative descriptive with a case study method, through data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation of PKH companions, Beneficiary Families (KPM), and village officials in Jagakarsa District. The results of the study show that although PKH has provided real benefits for most KPMs, its implementation is still constrained by inaccurate data, limited capacity of companions, low digital literacy, and weak coordination between agencies. On the other hand, targeted distribution of assistance has been proven to increase access to education and health, improve household economic conditions, and encourage behavioral changes towards independence. Therefore, an integrated strategy is needed including strengthening the capacity of social companions, digitizing the distribution system, active community participation, and local culture-based empowerment education to ensure the long-term effectiveness of PKH in reducing poverty rates.

Food-based micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in supporting household economic growth, including in Sialang Village, Bangkinang Subdistrict. One of the local businesses, “Keripik Cabe dan Mie Kuning Bu Inun,” produces cassava chips using traditional frying methods, which result in high oil absorption, inconsistent quality, short shelf life, and low production efficiency. Limited knowledge of food processing technology, sanitation, and food safety standards further hinders business development. This community service program aims to address these challenges through the application of low-oil frying technology, training on Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), production assistance, and periodic evaluation. The implementation method includes field observation, technical training, technology demonstration, production mentoring, and monitoring. The results show significant improvements in product quality, indicated by lower oil content, crispier texture, brighter color, and longer shelf life. Efficiency in oil usage and process stability also increased. Moreover, the knowledge and skills of MSME actors in sanitation, food safety, and production management improved considerably. Overall, the program successfully enhanced the competitiveness of the MSME, strengthened production sustainability, and provided positive economic impacts. This initiative can serve as a replicable model for other food MSMEs facing similar challenges.

Food safety is crucial for public health, particularly in rural areas with limited access to information and food additive (BTP) detection tools. The PKK group in Borisallo Village faces challenges due to low awareness about the dangers of BTP such as formalin, borax, Rhodamin B, methanol yellow, and synthetic sweeteners, as well as limited skills in detecting these substances. This Community Service (PKM) program aims to enhance the knowledge and skills of PKK members through education and training on natural BTP detection and food processing. Methods include counseling, demonstrations using organoleptic and household tests, and practicing with natural alternatives for preservatives, sweeteners, and food colorings. Results showed a significant increase in participants' understanding and detection ability, as seen in the pretest and posttest evaluations. The provision of portable stoves and pans also ensures sustainability of the activities. This program strengthens the PKK's role in food safety supervision at the village level and suggests further training, additional detection tools, and more collaboration with health centers and local governments to sustain the initiative.

This study aims to analyze the importance of regulating property division agreements as a requirement in polygamy permit applications, using the approach of Aristotle's theory of justice, as well as maqā ṣ id al- syarī'ah in Islamic law. The type of research is normative, which includes conceptual and philosophical analysis of law, as well as comparative research on property regulation practices in the family law system. The study shows that the practice of polygamy tends to result in economic inequality, neglect of the rights of the first wife and children, and legal conflicts related to the ownership and division of joint property. There are two approaches to property division: equal distribution of property and division of property based on contribution. The results indicate that the contribution-based approach is fairer and more relevant to modern society, especially since women are increasingly involved in household expenses. The principle of sadd al-dzarī'ah also states that this agreement is very important as a preventive measure against possible damage that occurs in the household. Practically, this study proposes the implementation of regulations in state law to require property division agreements as a formal requirement in polygamy permit applications. Combining western and Islamic values of justice within a socially just family law framework is the main focus of this research.