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Writing is communication that is used to express ideas or concepts in written form. When writing, you need the ability to express thoughts, concepts and experiences to make writing easier. However, after observations were made in class VII C regarding writing, namely writing response texts, it turned out that there were still many students who were lazy, lacked enthusiasm, had difficulty expressing ideas, liked playing games, and were less interested in writing response texts. Therefore, action is needed to improve students' writing skills. The aim of this research is to describe the improvement in skills in writing descriptive response texts through flowing sentence techniques with image media in class VII C students at SMP Negeri 3 Madiun. The learning process is carried out through two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. The results of this study showed that the class average score on the pre-cycle knowledge test was 63.47. In cycle I there was an increase of 78 or in the quite good category and in cycle II there was another increase of 84 or in the good category. The increase in writing descriptive response texts was also followed by changes in students' learning attitudes towards a better direction during the learning process of writing descriptive response texts using flowing sentence techniques using image media.

The learning outcomes of Indonesian in understanding reading texts at the elementary school (SD) level are still low. This study aims to explore the challenges of reading comprehension skills in elementary school students, where many students are able to read technically but have difficulty understanding the reading content. This study examines the phenomenon of the gap between technical reading ability and reading content comprehension in elementary school students in Indonesia. Although students are able to read texts fluently, they often have difficulty understanding the meaning and context of more complex readings. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews, reading and text comprehension tests, and documentation at SD Negeri Bunter II, Cimanggung District, Sumedang Regency. The results show that this problem is caused by several factors, such as teaching methods that are less interactive and focus on reading techniques without providing comprehension strategies, lack of use of technology in learning, and low motivation of students to read more complex texts. The text comprehension test showed that only 35% of students were able to understand the content of the reading well. These findings emphasize the need to use more varied, creative, and technology-based learning methods to improve students' reading comprehension. This study provides important recommendations for teachers and schools in implementing a more effective approach to improve students' literacy skills

The purpose of this study is to observe the cognitive development of early childhood in PAUD Sukacita, especially children aged 5-6 years, through learning activities that involve the introduction of body parts and the calculation of numbers. This learning activity is designed to assess children's ability to understand simple concepts, the courage to appear in front of the class, and numeracy skills. The results of the observation showed that the children's responses to the given activities were very different. Some children show good responses, show optimal cognitive development, and show high self-confidence. . However, there are children who have difficulty understanding the material or feel embarrassed when performing in front of their peers. The main causes of this variation are social anxiety, lack of prior stimulation, and differences in confidence levels. These results underscore the importance of methods that support children's emotional and social development and provide appropriate cognitive stimulation to help children maximize their potential.

Based on the results of the needs analysis of PJOK teachers in class IV SDN Kanigoro 04, teachers use LKS learning media or manual teaching books. LKS or manual textbooks are less interesting because the LKS used is not colorful so the teacher feels that the current media is not enough to support interactive learning. The difficulty that teachers face when making interactive media is that it takes a long time. The purpose of this research is to develop and test interactive e-module learning media on basic movement patterns and create a new learning atmosphere. Researchers used a Research and Development approach with the ADDIE development research model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The results of media expert validation got an average result of 91.87% which was categorized as very valid, material expert validation got an average result of 95.83% which was categorized as very valid. Small group trials to students obtained an average result of 91.49% categorized as very feasible. Large group trials to students obtained an average result of 90.28% categorized as very feasible. This shows that the use of interactive e-module learning media on basic movement patterns is very feasible to use in learning.

This study aims to identify the effect of “jellyfish” learning media on numeracy skills for grade II students at SDN 06 Ciputat on multiplication material. Based on initial observation early observations, students had difficulty mastering the concept of multiplication due to monotonous learning procedures and the lack of use of interactive media. The research was conducted through 4 meetings with a simple experimental approach including a pre-test, implementation of the “jellyfish” media, and a post-test to evaluate the learning outcomes. post-test to evaluate the learning outcomes. The results showed that the “jellyfish” media was able to increase students' understanding of multiplication multiplication material, as well as increasing their active involvement in the learning process. learning. The classroom atmosphere became more exciting and interactive, so that students were more focused and motivated. students are more focused and motivated. The teacher also gave a positive reaction to the use of this media, because it can facilitate the delivery of material that is often considered difficult by students. students think is difficult. This study concludes that the “jellyfish” media is jellyfish” media is efficient as a learning tool to improve the numeracy. numeracy skills of grade II students, especially in multiplication material. It is hoped that the same media can be implemented in other materials to support more creative and controversial math learning. support more creative and contextual math learning.

Various schools of pencak silat are the original cultural heritage of the Indonesian people known as pencak silat. Although the origin of pencak silat is not known for certain, it makes sense that pencak silat has existed in Indonesia since the beginning of human civilization.  One learning strategy that emphasizes practice is the drill method. One of the learning strategies for consistent and frequent practice to master a particular skill or talent is the drill method. A person's skill level is determined by the level of expertise they have achieved in various activities that are considered skills. This occurs as a result of the widely held belief that one or more prolonged patterns of movement or behavior, such as straight kicks in pencak silat, can be referred to as talent. The next problem is that there are still some students who have difficulty in doing straight kicks using the drill training method. The method used in this research is the experimental method. In this study the sample used was half of the population taken, namely 30 students. Furthermore, the sample of this study was divided into two groups, namely the experimental group of 15 people and the control group of 15 people The research instrument used in this study was the straight kick skill test. The data analysis technique used is the t-test statistical analysis technique, before the t-test is carried out, it first begins with testing the analysis requirements, namely the data normality test and the variance homogeneity test.

The Strategy of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Overcoming Student Learning Difficulties in Islamic Religious Education Subjects at SDN 15 Ampang Gadang, namely providing opportunities for students to develop their potentials or abilities optimally, and students' thinking power is actively stimulated which makes students Be diligent. By using this strategy, students are more active and often repeat their learning materials. Second, change the teaching method with a method that suits the student's ability, namely using a project-based method that makes students more active and pay more attention to the lesson. Three, giving special attention to students with Learning Disorder (learning disorder) so as to foster a sense of love, affection, and provide attention savings that can be applied to students with Learning.

Simple present tense is the part of the tense that must mastered by students in learning English if students have not fully understood the material of simple present tense then it can result in the achievement of student learning outcomes, see the formulation of the problem in this study, namely: what kind of difficulty students have in using simple present tense. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method that aims to determine the difficulties of students in using simple present tense by grade XI IPA 1 students. Data collection in this study was a questionnaire consisting of 20 students as a source of data in research. The result showed that there were 3 aspects of students difficulty in using simple present tense, including grammar, use of simple present and adverb of time. based on the research data obtained there are 3 students who choose the least correct answer (on grammar) then on (use of simple present) there are 1 students who choose the least correct answer and for (adverb of time) there were 8 students who answered the statement although not all were answered correctly. This shows that for all three aspects of this study, adverb of time is one of the levels of difficulty faced by students in learning tenses. Meanwhile, for the overall percentage of students in understanding and using simple present there are 18.06% (in grammar), then 37.3% (in use simple present) and the last 45% (in adverb of time).

Education is the process of forming and developing individual character through learning activities. Education can also be considered a provision given to someone that will be useful in the future or when they are adults. Volleyball is one of the most popular sports in the community because it is affordable and can be played anywhere. after making observations in the field, it turns out that there are many students who do not understand and understand the lessons with this method. this is evident from the report card grades of physical education students, many of whom still do not reach the standard score or KKN (75) and it is also evident when researchers make observations when teachers teach many students who do not understand and have difficulty doing a movement. The method used in this research is the experimental method and the sample used in this study were students of SMK Negeri 1 Tomohon totaling 34 students and divided into two groups, namely the experimental group of 17 students and the control group of 17 students. The research design used was Randomized Pre-test and Post-test Control Group Desing. The instrument used is the Basic Gear Mastery Test on Spike in Volleyball Games. The conclusion in this study is that the application of the inclusion style has an influence on improving basic movements on spikes in volleyball games for students of SMK NEGERI 1 TOMOHON.

As online platforms become more widely accessible, English learners have greater opportunities to practice speaking with foreign interlocutors, though many remain hesitant due to a lack of confidence in their speaking abilities. This study examines the perceptions of 107 first-semester English learners at a private university who were assigned to use SCMC platforms like Free4Talk, InterPals, and HelloTalk to engage in English conversations with foreign interlocutors. The aim was to understand how these platforms supported speaking practice and identify any challenges faced. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included Likert-scale items and open-ended questions. The results revealed that 78% of students had positive perceptions, indicating that the platforms facilitated their English-speaking practice through real-time communication. However, they also reported technical issues, such as poor internet connectivity, and challenges with engagement, including difficulty finding consistent conversation partners. The study recommends further research into long-term language learner experiences and an exploration of platform features that could enhance English-speaking practice.

The This study aims to explore the implementation of online learning of Teaching Skills and Microteaching courses, focusing on three main aspects: preparation, implementation, and evaluation of learning. This study also considers the challenges that arise due to student involvement in the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) program, which often affects the consistency of their participation in regular learning. This study was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with a case study design. The results showed that online learning was quite effective in conveying teaching skills theory through digital materials and asynchronous activities. However, teaching practice simulations faced several limitations, such as the difficulty of observing non-verbal elements, classroom management, and spontaneous responses of students during online simulations. Technical constraints, especially unstable internet connections, were also major obstacles in implementing learning. In addition, students involved in MBKM reported difficulties in dividing time between program assignments and regular course preparation, which impacted their participation and engagement.

This research focuses on differentiated learning in biology subjects at SMAS Al Hikmah, which emphasizes the unique characteristics of each student. However, there are various obstacles in its implementation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the strategies used by biology teachers, the challenges faced, and the solutions applied in overcoming these problems. The research method used is qualitative descriptive, with data collection through interviews and documentation. The research sample consisted of Biology Teachers at SMAS Al Hikmah Sirampog. In practice, differentiated learning faces a number of challenges, including time constraints that force teachers to be more careful in planning the time for each material to be taught. In addition, teachers have difficulty in implementing content differentiation because the majority of students (90%) are students who are not allowed to use mobile phones. To overcome these obstacles, teachers are advised to develop a lesson plan that includes teaching strategies, learning media, and learning procedures. This aims to maximize time during the teaching and learning process in the classroom. In addition, teachers can replace content differentiation with activities related to P5 (Pancasila student profile strengthening project), such as making videos or podcasts, to minimize time limitations.

Self-adjustment is an interaction ability to establish a good relationship between individuals and their environment. New student self-adjustment is a challenge to deal with changes from high school to college. Changes in terms of academic, social, emotional and institutional attachment are much more difficult than the previous level of education so that new students have difficulty adjusting. This study aims to determine the description of the self-adjustment. Methods: The type of research design used is descriptive with a cross sectional design. The instrument used is a questionnaire with google form media. The population in this study are 99 respondents. The sampling technique uses total sampling technique with a sample size of 99 respondents. Results: Based on the results of the study analyzed using univariate analysis, it shows that new students have a high level of self-adjustment, namely 68 people (68.7%) and moderate self-adjustment as many as 31 people (31.3%). Low self-adjustment can be caused by self-doubt, lack of self-confidence, lack of openness from others and excessive stress. Conclusion: So the researcher expects new students to multiply relationships, improve talents and skills, follow guidance during the learning process in lectures and seek support and motivation from mentors, friends, and family.  

This study aims to analysis (1) learning strategies that student use in facing the Indonesian Academic Competency Test (TKA)  at MAN 3 Kediri, (2) learning model that teachers apply in facing the Indonesian language Academic Competency Test (TKA) at MAN 3 Kediri, (3) things that support students learning process in facing the Indonesian language Academic Competency Test (TKA) at MAN 3 Kediri. This resulting data source was obtained from a questionnaire distributed by researches to class XII students at MAN 3 Kediri. The data collection technique used was a student questionnaire or survey via a google form plate which was filled in by class XII students at MAN 3 Kediri. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis to explain the results of the survey obtained. The data validity technique employed is triangulation. The analysis results show that students receive learning strategies through direct instruction or by practicing the material directly through exercise questions. Additionally, the difficulty level of the questions varies, ranging from lower-level to higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). Furthermore, the teacher also prepares an appropriate teaching model to help students face the Indonesian Language TKA (National Competency Test). The result shows that the teacher applies the PAIKEM approach (active, innovative, creative, effective, and enjoyable). The supporting strategy includes practice questions that encourage students' understanding.  

At SMP Negeri 2 Gucialit, teachers have difficulty designing and implementing learning models that can develop students to have skills in critical thinking and problem solving, creative thinking skills, communication skills, and collaboration skills. The aim of this community service is to expand understanding of concepts and improve the skills of Junior High School teachers in designing project-based learning through lesson study. The method used in community service consists of three stages, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. In the preparation stage, field survey activities and coordination with service partners were carried out. At the implementation stage, material is provided, practice is carried out in developing project-based learning teaching modules through lesson study and discussion. At the evaluation stage, an assessment of the results of the activities was carried out using a questionnaire distributed to participants by the community service team. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it shows that the percentage of answers achieved was 59.3% strongly agree with the benefits of this activity, 37% agree, 3.7% neutral, and there were no answers strongly disagree or disagree. This shows that this service activity increases the understanding of the concepts and skills of Junior High School teachers in designing project-based learning through lesson study. Apart from that, this community service activity produces project-based learning teaching module products and aquascape learning media.

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of using story framework media in improving the ability to write fantasy story texts for class VII students at Junior high school 5 Cimahi. Writing fantasy story texts requires creativity, developing imagination, and the ability to organize story lines well. Based on initial observations, many students still have difficulty writing structured, creative and coherent fantasy stories. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method to describe the facts that emerged during the research through observation and questionnaires. Data was collected through observation sheets which included plot development, characterization, use of language, and creativity. Based on the results of the analysis, 39% of students achieved the Very Good category, 50% the Good category, and 11% the Poor category with an average score of 81.9, which is classified as Good. Thus, story framework media is effective in helping students develop better and more structured fantasy story text writing skills. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of more innovative and effective Indonesian language learning methods

The author discusses this title on the background that preschool children in the process of learning to read have difficulty understanding reading teaching materials, one of which is about letter recognition because this is a new experience. Based on these problems, the author aims to design/design a reading learning media for preschoolers (kindergarten) based on Multimedia using Adobe Flash. The method used in the research is the research and development (R&D) method, which is a research method used to produce certain products and test the effectiveness of products with Blackbox. The research results of this reading learning media design for preschoolers (kindergarten) are: (1) This reading learning media uses the Luther-Sutopo multimedia development model which is carried out in six stages, namely the concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing and distribution stages. (2) The final result of this reading learning media design is a compact disk (CD) that can be run using media on a computer and does not require another system to run it.  

This study aims to describe the learning conditions of Indonesian History applied at Madrasah Aliyah Bustanul Muta'allimim Blitar which uses the Problem Based Learning learning model. Problem Based Learning model learning directs the ability of students to play an active role in solving a problem in the process of learning activities, but in reality in learning in class 10 of Madrasah Aliyah Bustanul Muta'allimin there are still some students who still have difficulty in solving problems and there are also some students who are less active when the learning process takes place. The formulation of the problems in this study are: 1) How is the implementation of the Problem Based Learning learning model in grade 10 Indonesian History subjects? 2) How can the implementation of Problem Based Learning improve the quality of 10th grade Indonesian History learning? 3) What are the implications of the implementation of Problem Based Learning on student learning outcomes? The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, as for the data sources used, namely through primary data by digging directly to the research location located at MA Bustanul Muta'allimin Blitar, with data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation and checking data validity through source triangulation. . The results of this study are 1) Implementation of Problem Based Learning model learning in Indonesian History subjects in class 10 A, 10 B and 10 C there are three stages that are applied in the learning process, namely the preparation stage, the core activity stage, and the final stage or evaluation. 2)  Analysis of Whether the Problem Based Learning Method can Improve the Quality of Indonesian History Learning in grade 10. There are differences in the responses of students from the three classes for class 10 A, the response of students is still difficult in solving problems in the learning process and difficulty in presenting material when in front of the class and less active in learning in class, this is different from class 10 B and 10 C, students are easier in solving a problem and can present material and be active in learning activities in class. So from this it can be said that learning in the classroom has improved, but there must be more improvements from the Problem Based Learning model when learning activities take place in class. 3) Classroom student learning outcomes For student learning outcomes are influenced by factors within students, namely about the motivation of these students in participating in learning. Students from the three classes can be said to be class 10 A which is rather low compared to the other classes, because there are only male students, this can happen because in the application of Problem Based Learning model learning, these students do not pay attention to the teacher's direction, and are less serious in learning activities, so they do not understand the material being discussed together, in contrast to classes 10 B and 10 C which tend to be more easily organized by the teacher and pay attention when learning activities take place and are active in the process of ongoing learning activities.  

This research aims to analyze the ability of Unimed FMIPA Mathematics students in solving absolute value inequalities with the help of the Python program. The problem faced is that students often have difficulty solving inequality problems manually. The purpose of this research is to see the effectiveness of using Python in helping to solve absolute value inequalities and how it affects understanding of mathematical concepts. The method used was qualitative research with a sample of 20 fifth semester students of the Mathematics Study Program, FMIPA, Medan State University. Students are given absolute value inequality problems to solve manually and with the help of Python. Data was collected through online tests and questionnaires using Google Form. The research results show that the majority of students feel that using Python is very helpful in solving absolute value inequalities. As many as 95% of students consider Python to be effective in making it easier to solve mathematical problems and increasing understanding of the concept of absolute value.

Students often have difficulty understanding the concepts of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS), especially at the elementary school level. This difficulty is caused by the lack of variety of learning methods that are capable and attract students to actively participate in learning activities. The aim of this research is to determine the improvement in learning outcomes of class IV C students in the elastic movement material in science and science lessons. This research applies the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model which uses Mystery Box media. This research uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method which consists of two cycles. The instruments used include pretest and posttest as well as observation sheets. The data was analyzed descriptively quantitatively to measure the increase in learning outcomes from one cycle to the next. The research results show that implementing PjBL with Mystery Box media improves student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, there was significant improvement, although some students had not reached the target. In the second cycle, learning outcomes continued to improve, with the majority of students reaching or exceeding the KKM. The percentage obtained from the pretest and posttest results was from 56.73% to 74.62%.