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The purpose of this writing is to analyze the enforcement ideally of the criminal act of agreement with a series of lies. This type of research is normative legal research with a legislative approach, a case approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that the ideal law enforcement against the crime of agreement with a series of lies must at least pay attention to three main aspects, namely certainty, justice and utility. Therefore, regulatory reconstruction is needed to clarify norms regarding the difference between defaults and fraud, standardize technical guidelines for special investigation of cases of agreements with lies so that the apparatus has a uniform size, strengthen the role of prosecutors in discretion, be able to resolve cases through restorative justice and strengthen legal understanding for the public through legal education or socialization.

Sexual violence within the family is a serious criminal act that not only violates the law but also causes profound physical and psychological suffering for victims. The complexity of such cases increases as the perpetrators are often close family members, resulting in trauma and obstacles in law enforcement. Decision Number 2068/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Medan serves as the basis for analyzing the extent to which legal protection can be provided to victims. The research problems addressed are: (1) what forms of legal protection are available for victims of sexual violence within the family under Indonesian positive law, and (2) how such protection is implemented in Decision Number 2068/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Medan. The research method applied is normative juridical with statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. Data sources include legislation, legal literature, and court decision analysis. The findings reveal that legal protection for victims is regulated under the Child Protection Law, the Criminal Code, and other legal instruments emphasizing preventive, repressive, and rehabilitative measures. The Medan District Court imposed a severe sentence on the perpetrator in accordance with the law; however, protection for victims remains limited to formal aspects without comprehensive psychological recovery programs. In conclusion, the protection of victims of sexual violence within the family has been clearly regulated on a normative basis, but its implementation remains weak. Greater collaboration between law enforcement authorities, child protection institutions, and professionals is necessary to ensure the holistic recovery of victims.

This research is based on the awareness that music functions both as an artistic expression and as a cosmological representation embedded within the cultural structures of traditional societies. The Siwaluh Jabu traditional house in Lingga Village, North Sumatra, was selected as the object of study to examine the relationship between music and the cosmological views of the Karo people. The purpose of this study is to reveal the meaning of music within cultural practices and rituals carried out in the Siwaluh Jabu House, as well as to explore musical elements that reflect the continuity between humans, ancestors, and the universe. This research employs a qualitative approach, with data collected through literature review, participatory observation, and interviews with traditional leaders and local artists. The data analysis was conducted through data reduction, classification, data presentation, and drawing of conclusion. The results of the study show that music both the vocal mantra “ole…ah…ole” and the Gendang Lima Sendalanen ensemble contains symbolic values that interpret wood as a natural element, sustain social connections between groups, and reinforce the social system embedded in the spatial organization of the Siwaluh Jabu traditional house. Music serves as a medium of spiritual and cultural communication that unites the physical and metaphysical dimensions of life. The implications of this research enrich the perspective of music culture and emphasize the importance of preserving traditional music as a local knowledge system integrated with the cosmology of the Karo people.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common chronic neuropathy of the upper limb, characterized by compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. It typically results from repetitive hand movements or trauma and leads to pain, numbness, and weakness, making it a significant occupational health concern. Increased intracarpal pressure causes venous stasis, edema, and ischemic damage, which slow nerve conduction and are detectable through electrodiagnostic (EDX) studies. Recently, ultrasonographic measurement of the median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) has been proposed as a noninvasive diagnostic option. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound-based CSA measurement compared with EDX findings in CTS patients. The research was conducted at Al-Imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City in Baghdad from November 2024 to March 2025 and included 100 patients (200 hands). All individuals underwent both EDX and high-resolution ultrasonography using a 5–13 MHz linear probe, with CSA calculated by the direct tracing method. CTS was confirmed in 102 hands (51%). Affected hands demonstrated significantly prolonged distal motor and sensory latencies, reduced amplitudes, and lower conduction velocities (p < 0.001). Mean CSA was significantly larger in CTS hands (13.75 ± 3.95 mm²) than in non-CTS hands (10.15 ± 3.33 mm², p < 0.001). ROC analysis produced an AUC of 0.776 and an optimal cutoff of 11.5 mm² (72% sensitivity, 76% specificity). CSA also increased with CTS severity. Moderate accuracy was observed when differentiating mild from moderate CTS at a 12.5 mm² cutoff, and moderate from severe CTS. In conclusion, median nerve CSA measurement by ultrasound is a reliable, noninvasive, and rapid tool for diagnosing and grading CTS, complementing EDX assessment.  

This study analyzes the gap in the implementation of Information Technology IT service management at an internet service provider in Purwokerto using the ITIL V4 Service Value System SVS framework. The company faces a number of major problems, such as delays in incident handling, data fragmentation between operational applications, low automation in network monitoring, and suboptimal coordination between the technical and customer service divisions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the level of compliance of current service practices with ITIL V4 SVS best practices and to formulate recommendations for improvements that can increase operational efficiency and service reliability. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, with data collected from interviews and observations in the technical and customer service divisions, then analyzed based on the five main components of ITIL V4 SVS. The results show that the company has implemented several ITIL principles, particularly in terms of customer value focus and process simplicity, but the implementation of iterative feedback, data integration, and automation is still at a low level of maturity. This study concludes that strengthening the real-time monitoring system, increasing cross-divisional visibility, and establishing a Continual Improvement Register are important steps towards realizing more efficient, responsive, and sustainable IT service management.

Drug abuse (Narcotics, Psychotropics, and other Addictive Substances) is a serious problem that can threaten the younger generation, especially in the Panggung Kidul Village area. The lack of public understanding, especially teenagers, regarding the dangers and negative impacts of drug abuse is one of the factors that influence the high risk of substance abuse. Therefore, innovative and interactive educational media are needed to increase public awareness and understanding regarding the prevention of drug abuse. This study offers a solution by designing and developing educational media based on Augmented Reality (AR) technology as a visual and interactive tool that conveys information in an interesting and easy-to-understand manner. The use of smartphones as the main device in AR applications makes this media more easily accessible to various groups of people. The test results using the System Usability Scale (SUS) method showed a user satisfaction level of 96% which is included in the Acceptable category. Thus, this AR-based educational media is expected to be an effective means of increasing public understanding of the dangers of drug abuse and encouraging early preventive efforts.

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem informasi penjualan berbasis web untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pencatatan transaksi pada Toko Bangunan Subur Kaliwungu yang sebelumnya masih dilakukan secara manual. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi meliputi pencatatan yang tidak efisien, kesulitan pencarian data, serta kurangnya ketepatan dalam laporan keuangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan model Prototype. Sistem dikembangkan dengan menerapkan metode akuntansi berbasis Akrual (Accrual Basis) agar laporan keuangan dapat disusun lebih akurat dan real time. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini mampu mencatat transaksi penjualan dan pembelian, mengelola data barang dan pelanggan, serta menyajikan laporan penjualan dan laporan keuangan secara digital. Fitur tambahan seperti histori transaksi, informasi stok barang, serta perhitungan laba rugi juga membantu pemilik toko dalam pengambilan keputusan. Implementasi sistem memberikan dampak positif, di antaranya peningkatan efisiensi, keakuratan data, dan kemudahan monitoring aktivitas penjualan.

This study evaluates the impact of TATO, ROA, DER, stock returns, and firm size on company value (PBV) for 28 infrastructure companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2021–2023. The background to this research is the crucial role of the infrastructure sector amid government budget dynamics that affect corporate performance and investor perception. The results show that ROA, DER, and stock returns have a significant positive effect on company value. This indicates that high profitability, optimal debt management, and good stock returns send positive signals to the market. Conversely, TATO was found to have a significant negative effect, reflecting that inefficiencies in asset management can reduce investor confidence. Meanwhile, firm size had no significant impact on company value. This study recommends that investors use ROA, DER, and stock return as key indicators in decision-making. At the same time, companies are advised to optimise profitability and debt management to enhance their value in the eyes of investors.

This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality, location, and promotional strategies on consumers’ purchasing interest in UD Berkah Mandiri rice. The study employs a quantitative method with a total population of 150 respondents. The sampling technique used in this study is accidental sampling. The sample consisted of 60 respondents, determined using Slovin’s formula. The analytical tool employed in this study is SPSS 25.0. The results indicate that service quality has a significant effect on purchasing interest, that location has a substantial impact on it, and that promotional strategies have a significant effect on it. Furthermore, service quality, location, and promotional strategy simultaneously have a considerable effect on purchasing interest.

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, sales growth, and liquidity on debt policy in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2024 period. The independent variables in this study include profitability, measured by Return on Assets (ROA); sales growth (SG); and liquidity, measured by the Current Ratio (CR). Meanwhile, the dependent variable is debt policy, measured by the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER). This study uses a quantitative approach, employing multiple linear regression analysis. The sample comprises 174 observational data points collected using purposive sampling. Testing was conducted using SPSS software, which includes the classical assumption test, the coefficient of determination test, the simultaneous test (F test), and the partial test (t test). The results show that profitability, sales growth, and liquidity simultaneously significantly affect debt policy. Partially, profitability tends to be positive, sales growth tends to be negative but not significant with respect to debt policy, while liquidity has a simultaneous negative effect. Of the four hypotheses proposed, two were accepted, and two were rejected because the direction of the influence did not match the initial assumption, and the significance value was more than 0.05.

This community service activity aims to optimize the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) at SMK Negeri 1 Jember as an effort to improve the quality of human resources and student productivity. The main problems identified include low nutritional literacy, undeveloped healthy consumption habits, and weak synergy between schools, families, and local food businesses. The community service was implemented using the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach through the Plan, Act, Observe, and Reflect stages, involving teachers, students, parents, and SPPG. The results of the activity showed an increase in the knowledge and skills of school residents regarding nutrition management and food safety, the formation of a healthy consumption culture, and the strengthening of the nutritious food supply chain involving MSMEs and local farmer groups. In addition, collaboration between parties has become more solid, thus supporting the program. This activity demonstrates that the participatory approach can strengthen the institutional capacity of schools while serving as a model for implementing adaptive and replicable nutrition programs for other educational institutions.

Bloating in infants can also accompany other digestive disorders, such as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation. Babies with gas often vomit easily. Babies with diarrhea will have low potassium levels, resulting in bloating. One benefit of infant massage is addressing complaints of bloating and colic in infants. Tummy massage is a gentle abdominal massage designed to encourage trapped air to move. The goal is to move gas and other materials from the intestines to the large intestine. The method used was preparation through coordination with midwives and cadres in Selokerto Village, Sempor District, Kebumen Regency. The activity was implemented through lectures and tummy massage simulations. While evaluation and follow-up plans for the activity were carried out by evaluating the knowledge of mothers of toddlers and can be implemented independently using leaflets distributed to mothers of toddlers. The number of respondents in this activity was 10 mothers of toddlers. The activity went smoothly, all mothers enthusiastically participated in the activity. Respondents were aged between 20-34 years. The level of knowledge of respondents before the activity was that most had sufficient knowledge about bloating/colic in toddlers and tummy massage. Meanwhile, after the knowledge activity, most responded well. Conclusion: The community service activity was effective in increasing respondents' knowledge about gas/colic in toddlers and tummy massage.

The issue of inorganic waste such as plastic and used paper in industrial environments remains an important issue that affects the cleanliness and aesthetics of work areas. PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Rewulu faces challenges in managing non-hazardous solid waste due to limited sorting systems and waste transportation frequency. This Community Service activity aims to improve workers' understanding and skills through socialization and training in making ecobricks as a solution for utilizing inorganic waste. The methods used include pre-activity stages, socialization and hands-on practice, and evaluation through pre-tests and post-tests. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge after the training, proving the effectiveness of interactive methods in strengthening understanding of the 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) concept. In addition to reducing waste volume, this activity also fostered awareness and participation among workers in creating a clean and sustainable work environment. The results of this community service are important as a first step in building a culture of independent waste management in industrial environments and can be replicated in other locations with a similar approach. Keywords: Implementation of Pancasila values, bullying prevention, character education, primary school, SDN 1 Jatisela, school environment, student behaviour.

This community service activity aims to strengthen teachers' capacity to manage deep learning through the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in elementary school classrooms. The rapid development of AI technology provides opportunities for teachers to design more personalized learning, conduct assessments efficiently, and make data-driven learning decisions. The program is implemented in three stages: preparation, execution, and evaluation. The preparation stage includes the development of training modules and mapping relevant AI applications to support deep learning. The execution stage consists of workshops, hands-on practice using AI applications, and collaborative development of teaching materials by teachers. Evaluation is conducted through reflective assessments, task performance evaluations, and follow-up interviews. The results of the activity show significant improvements in teachers' understanding of AI-based deep learning management, including the ability to use AI for lesson planning, formative assessment, and analyzing students' learning progress. Teachers also reported increased confidence in integrating AI into teaching activities and recognized the benefits of AI in promoting students' higher-order thinking skills. This program demonstrates that strengthening teachers' competencies in utilizing AI can enhance the quality of deep learning management in elementary schools.

This community service program was carried out to strengthen the ability of lecturers, students, and practitioners in understanding the role of data and statistics as the foundation for constructing scientific arguments in quantitative research. The activity originated from the limited understanding of some participants regarding the correct logical flow of research, starting from problem formulation, hypothesis development, data processing, to drawing conclusions based on analytical results. Through case-based training and interactive discussions, participants were introduced to key concepts in research methodology, such as determining variables, sampling techniques, developing measurement instruments, and applying parametric and non-parametric statistics to test hypotheses. The training emphasized that data provide factual descriptions of a phenomenon, while statistics serve as analytical tools that answer research questions objectively. The activity was conducted online with 73 participants from Universitas Pancasakti Bekasi, representing various academic backgrounds. The results indicated an improvement in participants' ability to understand statistical outputs, interpret significance levels of tests, and prepare research conclusions in a logical and structured manner. In addition, the activity contributed to enhancing methodological literacy within the academic community, encouraging a strong research culture, and maximizing the use of statistics in scientific analysis as well as professional practice. Therefore, this program has a positive impact on improving the quality of research in higher education.

This study aims to analyze the effect of nutrient types on kombucha fermentation using Sosro Tea as a medium. The practicum was conducted with two variations, namely honey as a natural nutrient and Tropicana Slim as a low-calorie sweetener. Parameters observed included color changes, aroma, SCOBY layer formation, pH, and microbial contamination. The results showed that fermentation using honey produced the best combination, which was characterized by a brighter color change, a stable sour aroma, the formation of a thick and pure white SCOBY, and a stable pH of around 4. In contrast, fermentation using Tropicana Slim failed to achieve optimal results. This low-calorie sweetener cannot be metabolized by microbes, resulting in a thin SCOBY and the appearance of green-black mold. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the success of kombucha fermentation is greatly influenced by the availability of simple sugars, which are the main energy source for the SCOBY. In addition, the culture's resistance to microbial contamination also plays an important role in the fermentation process.

The growth in the number of vehicles in Surabaya has led to increased traffic congestion, particularly on the Perak Timur–Perak Barat road section, which serves as a major distribution route to the port and industrial areas. Problems arise at U-Turn points, where vehicle accumulation hampers traffic flow. This study analyzes traffic volume, travel time, queue length, and queue ratio at two U-Turn points on this section. The method used was a field survey with direct observation of vehicle volume every 15 minutes, vehicle classification, and queue length. Traffic volume was calculated using the Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) factor based on the 1997 MKJI standards. The study results show that at Point 1, east–west direction, the highest queue ratio occurred on Tuesday from 11:00 to 12:00 (p = 4.84), while the lowest was on Sunday from 06:00 to 07:00 (p = 0.21). At Point 2, west–east direction, the highest queue ratio occurred on Tuesday from 08:00 to 09:00 (p = 6.18), and the lowest from 06:00 to 07:00 (p = 0.41). These findings indicate that during peak hours, traffic congestion increases (p > 1), causing long queues, particularly in the west–east direction in the morning. The performance of the U-Turn on the Perak Timur–Perak Barat road section needs improvement, with recommendations such as temporarily closing U-Turns during high volumes, providing alternative U-Turn lanes, and adding signs to minimize the potential for vehicle conflicts.

The distinctive markings on the fingers are known as biometrics. The fingerprint attendance method uses biometrics. Without developing a usable fingerprint tool, research on fingerprint attendance is restricted to processing attendance data. As a result, an Arduino-based fingerprint approach was used to construct an attendance tool. The education sector is where SMK Negeri 1 Indralaya Utara. The school's student attendance system is still operated manually. In this study, the system uses fingerprints and camera recording to track students' locations. Using an Arduino Mega as a microcontroller, this tool will display student attendance information on an LCD, save it on an SD card module, and send the ESP32CAM-generated photographs over Telegram. The literature review is the first step in the research process, followed by hardware and software design. Following completion, the tool is put through testing to evaluate its functionality. Each of the ten participants scanned their thumb and index finger. The thumb and index finger have an average of five tests, with a 0.28% mistake rate, depending on the number of trials. Each component's error percentage is less than 1% while still falling within the 5% tolerance limit. The image test results indicate two conditions: 20 cm and greater. The ESP32CAM will activate when we take a picture at a distance of 20 cm.

This study aims to analyze the spatial patterns of ambulance transport demand in Semarang City based on patients’ origin subdistricts, origin villages, and destination healthcare facilities. The analysis employed the K-Means Clustering algorithm as a data mining method to group areas according to similarities in the volume of ambulance requests. The dataset consisted of ambulance transport service records from January 2024 to September 2025, obtained from the Semarang City Health Office. The analytical procedures included data cleaning, normalization, determination of the optimal number of clusters using the Elbow Method, and cluster formation using K-Means. The results show two main clusters for subdistricts and destination healthcare facilities. High-demand subdistricts were generally densely populated areas such as Banyumanik and Pedurungan, with an average of 1,256 requests, while RSUP Dr. Kariadi emerged as the dominant referral facility with 3,893 requests. Meanwhile, village-level origins formed three clusters, with average demands of 549 (high), 190 (medium), and 36 (low). These findings are expected to support strategic planning for equitable ambulance fleet distribution and improved efficiency of patient transportation services in Semarang City.

This study discusses allegations of abuse of dominant position by Lion Air Group in the domestic aviation market and air cargo services in Indonesia. By controlling more than 50% of the market share, the group is suspected of unilaterally setting ticket prices and logistics costs, which could hinder healthy business competition and harm consumers and competing airlines. This study uses a normative juridical approach with a descriptive qualitative analysis method, supported by secondary data from legislation, KPPU reports, and academic literature related to competition law. The study's findings indicate that the concentrated market structure and weak regulatory oversight contribute to the formation of dominant behavior that harms the market and consumers. Legally, such actions violate Article 25 of Law Number 5 of 1999, as they result in discriminatory practices and unreasonable price control. Synergy between the KPPU and the Ministry of Transportation is needed to strengthen regulations in the aviation sector in order to create a business climate that is more fair, competitive, and oriented towards public welfare.