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The church tradition in Germany not only includes liturgical and theological aspects, but also serves as an important foundation for the cultural and moral identity of German society. The differences of views and clashes between church denominations and political forces have opened up space for a deeper understanding of the meaning of tolerance, reconciliation, and fidelity to the values of faith. On the other hand, the renewal of the German church reflects an effort to remain relevant in the face of the challenges of the times, such as secularism, religious pluralism, and moral crises, including through theological and liturgical reforms. This article aims to explore how the history of the church in Germany, with all its traditions, conflicts, and renewals, can be an inspiration for Christians today. The research was carried out using qualitative methods and historical approaches, using literature studies that include analysis of primary sources such as historical records, and writings of church figures, as well as secondary sources in the form of books, journals, and scientific articles. By understanding this historical journey, believers can learn about the importance of maintaining faith in the midst of changing times, strengthening unity in diversity, and reviving the spirit of spiritual renewal that is relevant to strengthen faith in today's life.

This study aims to determine the meaning of the song masak kopi popularized by Oesman in the Malay community in Bengkalis, Riau Province. The theory used in this study is the theory (Barthes, 1968) by describing the meaning of denotation as the first level meaning and connotation as the second level meaning. Also supported by the theory of sociology by Schmitt. It is an action of a person or group of people when interacting with something outside themselves and understanding information about their environment which is obtained through sight, hearing, appreciation, feelings, and experience and interpretation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation. Subjects in this study amounted to 4 people. The results of the research on the meaning of the masak kopi song in the Malay community in Bengkalis can be interpreted from 2 sides, namely from the music and from the lyrics. The Bengkalis Malay community interprets the music of the masak kopi song to reflect the characteristics of traditional Malay music which is very full of aesthetic and cultural values of the Malay community in Bengkalis, from the rhythm, melody and instruments used that strongly reflect the Malay identity of Bengkalis. The meaning of the lyrics can be concluded that the lyrics in the song masak kopi are related to the failure and fragility of love and hope caused by the influence of the establishment.

Puskesmas Kosambi employs Non-PNS staff whose discipline, particularly regarding attendance and work location, needs to be evaluated. The previous manual attendance system was found to be ineffective in monitoring staff discipline. This study aims to develop a mobile-based attendance system equipped with GPS radius and selfie photo features to improve the accuracy and management of attendance. The GPS radius feature ensures that staff can only clock in within the designated area, such as the Puskesmas area, while the selfie photo feature verifies the identity of the staff member clocking in. This study involved 24 Non-PNS staff members and used the K-Means Clustering algorithm to group staff based on their discipline levels. The results showed that the system was effective in improving staff discipline, with 11 employees categorized as highly disciplined, 10 as moderately disciplined, and 3 as lowly disciplined. The implications of this study suggest that the implementation of a mobile-based attendance system can improve attendance monitoring and enhance work discipline at Puskesmas Kosambi.

Thei Tor-tori dancei isi onei ofi thei culturali legaciesi ofi thei Bataki Tobai peoplei thati carriesi deepi meaning,i especiallyi ini traditionali ceremoniesi likei weddings.i Thisi dancei isi noti justi entertainmenti buti alsoi ai meansi toi conveyi prayersi andi hopes,i bothi fori thei bridei andi groomi asi welli asi fori thei familiesi andi communitiesi present.i Everyi movementi ini thei Tor-tori dancei containsi symbolism,i suchi asi respecti fori elders,i hopesi fori happiness,i unity,i andi blessings.i Throughi thisi dance,i thei Bataki Tobai peoplei alsoi maintaini ai spirituali connectioni withi theiri ancestorsi andi strengtheni theiri culturali identityi ini thei facei ofi globalization.i Thisi studyi examinesi thei Tor-tori dancei throughi thei lensi ofi thei theologyi ofi hope,i whichi revealsi thei profoundi meaningi ofi hope,i protection,i andi blessingsi conveyedi throughi eachi movement.i Thei dancei alsoi reflectsi spirituali communicationi thati connectsi humansi withi Godi andi thei universe.i Asi parti ofi ai traditioni stilli relevanti ini thei moderni era,i Tor-tori noti onlyi preservesi culturali valuesi buti alsoi becomesi ai symboli ofi pridei fori thei Bataki Tobai community.i Byi maintainingi thisi tradition,i theyi introducei Indonesia'si richi culturei toi thei worldi whilei alsoi strengtheningi sociali tiesi withini theiri community.

This Research aims to determine the influence of the use of slang among teenagers, especially among students. Slang is a Variation of language that develops among young people and is characterized by non-standard vocabulary, often influencer by popular culture and social media. This Research uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods to explore subjective understanding regarding the use of slang. The Research results show that slang can influence communication, social identity and the development of the Indonesian language. The use of slang allows for more relaxed communication and strengthens social relationship among teenagers. However, excessive use can interfere with understanding formal language, potentially causing misunderstandings and reducing good language skills in formal situations. Therefore, it is important to use slang wisely according to the context and situation. 

Business legality is something that MSMEs must have. Business legality is a business identity and a form of protection provided by the government for perpetrators MSMEs. Another benefit of legal business ownership is to expand access to MSME financing provided by the government and access to financing from banks. Problems that occur is that many MSME players do not understand how important it is to have business legality the. Apart from that, there is an opinion that managing complicated business legalities is one of them the reason why MSMEs are reluctant to take care of their legality. This service activity has the aim of:educate regarding the urgency of business legality for MSMEs. This activity was carried out in Sengon Village, Bendungan subdistrict. The results of this activity can be seen from the enthusiasm of the participants in participating technical guidance activities on the legality of MSMEs and increasing their knowledge.

Business legality is something that MSMEs must have. Business legality is a business identity and a form of protection provided by the government for perpetrators MSMEs. Another benefit of legal business ownership is to expand access to MSME financing provided by the government and access to financing from banks. Problems that occur is that many MSME players do not understand how important it is to have business legality the. Apart from that, there is an opinion that managing complicated business legalities is one of them the reason why MSMEs are reluctant to take care of their legality. This service activity has the aim of:educate regarding the urgency of business legality for MSMEs. This activity was carried out in Sengon Village, Bendungan subdistrict. The results of this activity can be seen from the enthusiasm of the participants in participating technical guidance activities on the legality of MSMEs and increasing their knowledge.

Interpersonal communication plays a crucial role in building trust, collective identity, and a positive organizational culture. In organizations, trust serves as the primary foundation for creating a productive work environment, while collective identity and organizational culture shape internal direction and stability. This study aims to analyze the role of interpersonal communication in supporting these three elements. The research adopts a literature review method by examining various sources, including books, scholarly journals, and other relevant documents. The findings reveal that open, transparent, and effective interpersonal communication strengthens mutual trust, facilitates the formation of collective identity through social interactions, and fosters a harmonious organizational culture. Furthermore, interpersonal communication proves to be key in resolving conflicts constructively. This study highlights the importance of effective communication strategies to enhance interpersonal relationships within organizations and achieve shared goals.  

This study discusses the symbolic meaning of Lipaq Saqbe as a social identity of the Mandar Tribe. This traditional clothing not only functions as a cultural identity but also has a deep symbolic meaning and reflects the values ​​of the Mandar people. This study uses qualitative descriptive methods and Malinowski's functionalist theory to understand the social and cultural functions of Lipaq Saqbe clothing. The results of the study indicate that the motifs and colors of Lipaq Saqbe have certain meanings related to social status and personal identity. In addition, the use of this traditional clothing in various traditional ceremonies shows its important role in preserving culture. The Mandar Tribe has adapted to the development of the times while maintaining the authenticity of its traditional motifs, making Lipaq Saqbe a symbol of their living cultural heritage. This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of socio-cultural dynamics in Indonesia, especially in West Sulawesi.

the influence of foreign culture on national identity in Indonesia, focusing on students of Raja Ali Haji Maritime University. This study shows that globalization facilitates the entry of foreign cultures that have the potential to erode local cultural values. Through interviews, it was found that students felt both positive and negative impacts of foreign culture, such as increased knowledge of foreign languages and the loss of local cultural characteristics. The author emphasizes the importance of maintaining Indonesian cultural identity amidst the ever- growing flow of globalization.

Contemporary religious issues in the context of Islam and globalization reflect the challenges and opportunities facing Muslims in the modern era. Globalization, as a process that connects various countries through technology, economics and culture, influences religious dynamics in various aspects. On the one hand, globalization paves the way for the spread of Islamic information and values ​​throughout the world, strengthening and how the Muslim community adapts to these dynamics through religious identity at the global level. On the other hand, globalization also raises concerns regarding the rise of secularism, individualism and consumerist culture which can threaten traditional Islamic values. Issues such as religious pluralism, human rights, feminism, and Islamic moderation are part of important discussions regarding Islamic responses to the challenges of globalization. Muslims are required to navigate between maintaining religious identity while engaging constructively in an increasingly connected world. This article aims to analyze various contemporary religious issues that have emerged in the midst of the globalization process, a contextual approach that prioritizes Islamic values ​​that are relevant in this global era.

Football in Indonesia plays an important role in building national identity and spirit. This study examines the impact of Indonesian supporters' enthusiasm on nationalism at the global level. Supporters, often called the "12th player," contribute to strengthening social solidarity and pride in the national team with support such as singing the national anthem and wearing national attributes. The method used in this study is a literature study. The results of the study show that the enthusiasm of supporters not only motivates athletes to excel, but also helps introduce Indonesian culture to the world. However, challenges such as conflicts between supporters must be resolved to maintain a positive image of Indonesia.

Abstract. Semiotic analysis of advertising aims to uncover the hidden meanings behind visual and textual elements presented in promotional content. This study explores the semiotic features in smartphone advertising, focusing on Oppo as a case study. This study uses a comparative framework to analyze the similarities and differences between Oppo advertising and competing brands. The analysis is conducted through Charles Sanders Peirce's triadic model, consisting of representamen, object, and interpretant, as well as Roland Barthes' concepts of denotation and connotation. This study identifies symbolic, iconic, and indexical signs used in Oppo advertising to build brand identity and attract target audiences. Key findings reveal how visual elements, color schemes, and slogans emphasize innovation, premium quality, and emotional connection. Comparative insights highlight Oppo's differentiation strategies, such as integrating cultural nuances and leveraging aspirational imagery, to strengthen its market position. The results of this study provide a deeper understanding of how semiotic strategies influence consumer perception and purchasing behavior, as well as provide practical implications for marketers and advertisers. This study bridges the gap between semiotic theory and its application in modern advertising, providing a comprehensive perspective on the power of signs in shaping brand narratives.

This article discusses the analysis of the Orthodox church in Middle East Asia and its relevance to the development of church theology in the modern era. The background of this research focuses on the role of the Orthodox church in the social, cultural, and religious context of the Middle East Asian region, as well as its challenges in facing the development of contemporary church theology. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach, with descriptive analysis of the history, doctrines, and religious practices of the Orthodox church, as well as its interaction with the challenges of the modern world. The findings show that the Orthodox churches in the region have a significant contribution to the development of global theology, despite facing various challenges in terms of identity and modernity. Orthodox churches play an important role in maintaining the heritage of traditional theology while responding to the dynamics of changing times. In conclusion, the relevance of Orthodox churches in Middle East Asia is crucial in enriching contemporary theological discourse, both in the context of religious understanding and the application of the principles of faith in the modern world.  

Cultural Islam and structural Islam are two approaches that reflect the dynamics of Islam in society. Cultural Islam Refers to religious expressions that are integrated with local culture, such as traditions, arts and customs. This approach emphasizes harmony between Islamic values ​​and cultural identity, making it more flexible in responding to social change. Meanwhile, structural Islam is more oriented towards systems and institutions, such as politics, economics and law. This approach aims to build a social order that is in accordance with Islamic principles through formal policies and regulations. This research aims to analyze the interaction and contribution of these two approaches in building a balanced life for Muslims between spiritual values ​​and social needs. This study uses a qualitative method with a text analysis approach and in-depth interviews with the main actors in each approach. The research results show that cultural Islam and structural Islam do not conflict with each other, but rather complement each other. Cultural Islam strengthens the spiritual and emotional aspects of society, while structural Islam provides a normative and regulative basis for society's life. In conclusion, integration between cultural Islam and structural Islam can be a solution to face the challenges of modernity without abandoning Islamic values. The synergy between the two is able to create harmony between local traditions and global demands, making Islam an inclusive and relevant religion in various contexts of life.

The pre-wedding procession in Mandailing tradition is a tradition that is still carried out today. Mandailing customary law regulates forms of marriage that reflect the community's kinship, cultural and religious values. Traditional weddings involve Dalihan Na Tolu—mora, kahanggi, and anak boru—as the core of the traditional procession. The wedding ceremony begins with a traditional meeting called makkobar or markkatai, where unique and formal greetings are used. Post-wedding processions such as marulahari, mangupa-upa and so on, all of this cannot be separated from the customs that are still inherent in Mandailing customs. All Mandailing traditional practices cannot be separated from the role of dalihan na tolu, especially in matters of marriage. This research uses a literature study method by analyzing traditional documents and related literature. The results show that Mandailing customs not only reflect cultural identity, but also strengthen social harmony and are able to adapt to changing times.

The pre-wedding procession in Mandailing tradition is a tradition that is still carried out today. Mandailing customary law regulates forms of marriage that reflect the community's kinship, cultural and religious values. Traditional weddings involve Dalihan Na Tolu—mora, kahanggi, and anak boru—as the core of the traditional procession. The wedding ceremony begins with a traditional meeting called makkobar or markkatai, where unique and formal greetings are used. Post-wedding processions such as marulahari, mangupa-upa and so on, all of this cannot be separated from the customs that are still inherent in Mandailing customs. All Mandailing traditional practices cannot be separated from the role of dalihan na tolu, especially in matters of marriage. This research uses a literature study method by analyzing traditional documents and related literature. The results show that Mandailing customs not only reflect cultural identity, but also strengthen social harmony and are able to adapt to changing times.

Cireundeu Traditional Village, which is known for its rich traditions and natural resources, has great potential in utilizing campoleh fruit and local spices. However, local communities have not fully utilized this potential in developing products that can increase their income. Mocktail drinks, as an increasingly popular non-alcoholic alternative, offer opportunities for product innovation that can increase market appeal and boost local economies. The aim of this activity is to develop mocktail drinks based on campoleh fruit and innovative local spices. The method for this activity is through identifying campoleh fruit varieties available in the Cireundeu Traditional Village and local spices that can be used in mocktail drinks, then holding training for the local community regarding mocktail making techniques, hygiene and marketing aspects by helping the community in designing marketing strategies and packaging. products, and distribution to increase market reach. This project is expected to not only improve the economy of the Cireundeu Traditional Village community through product innovation but also preserve and promote cultural riches and local resources. By utilizing the potential of campoleh fruit and local spices, communities can create products that are attractive and highly competitive in the market, while strengthening the identity and economic independence of their community. The output of this PM is Pres Release, IPR and PM Journal.

Generation Z (born between 1997 and 2012) has been socialised in the digital age, which has informed their social interactions and cultural awareness. This study assesses the role of Generation Z in maintaining national identity in the context of globalisation, employing a Likert-scale interview methodology with university students aged 18–22 at Universitas Gadjah Mada. The results indicate that the majority of respondents exhibit a robust sense of patriotism (53.6% strongly agree) and express support for the preservation of national identity (70% agree/strongly agree). However, a small percentage of respondents express doubt (18.4%) or disagreement (5.2%). Generation Z proactively employs social media to advance local culture, address social issues, and reconcile global influences with local values. Despite the challenges posed by globalisation, they demonstrate a commitment to maintaining Indonesia's cultural heritage. This study recommends culturally relevant education tailored to the digital era to support Generation Z in preserving national identity while adapting to global developments.      

This research aims to analyze the making and use of Jambi traditional clothing with an ethnographic approach, in order to reveal cultural values, symbolism, and its role in the identity of the Jambi Malay community. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach, where data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis. Interviews were conducted with informants who have in-depth knowledge of Jambi traditional clothing, while observation involved observing the making process, design, and use of the clothing in traditional ceremonies. The results showed that Jambi traditional clothing, such as Baju Kurung Tanggung, reflects the richness of local culture through designs that are full of philosophy. The symbolic colors used, such as red, gold and green, symbolize courage, nobility and fertility. In addition, these traditional garments also serve as symbols of social status and cultural identity, especially in the context of weddings and traditional ceremonies.