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This research discusses the dynamics of money as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account, as well as how the evolution of money has an impact on economic growth and global transactions. In addition, this paper investigates the challenges and risks facing financial institutions, such as market volatility, systemic risk, regulatory changes, and the impact of technological innovation. In this context, research using literature methods also examines the importance of financial stability and public trust in financial institutions, as well as strategies for maintaining the integrity of the financial system. Analyzing trends and changes occurring in the world of finance will provide readers with comprehensive insight into the latest developments in the financial sector, the important role of money in the economy, and how financial institutions can adapt to changes in the business and regulatory environment.  

  Abstract: National income is one of the key indicators in measuring the economic welfare of a country, which describes the total value of all goods and services produced in a certain time period. This concept is the basis for understanding the economic dynamics of a country, which reflects production, distribution and expenditure activities in the economy. In national income analysis, the three-sector and four-sector approaches offer different points of view in understanding the structure and interaction of economic sectors. The three-sector approach separates the economy into household, business, and government sectors. Households act as the main consumers influencing aggregate demand, while businesses are responsible for the production of goods and services, and the government has a role in regulating and managing economic activities. On the other hand, the four-sector approach broadens the analysis by including the foreign trade sector, which makes it possible to understand the influence of international trade on national income. In this article, we provide an in-depth discussion of national income in both analytical frameworks, discussing the role of each sector in the formation of national income and its impact on the economy as a whole. We also explore relevant policy implications in the context of the three-sector and four-sector approaches, including strategies to increase economic growth, reduce inequality, and promote societal well-being.    

This research was conducted in the form of an internship process to observe how the use of integrated communication strategies (IMC) and marketing mix carried out by PT Bank Riau Kepri. The data collection method is carried out through a process in the form of an interview process used to analyze the data needed through the results of the interview. Then the observation process is carried out by directly observing the author accompanied by reference sources in the form of journals, books and articles as supporting media in the success of the observation process. The results that have been shown in this study are how the application of advertising and promotion, public relations, direct and digital marketing in PT Bank Riau Kepri for observation of IMC. As well as how the application of the 4P strategy namely product, price, place and promotion (Marketing Mix) implemented by PT. Bank Riau Kepri.

The modern economy, with the household and corporate sectors as the main players, is involved in a complex structure. This research uses a qualitative approach to explore the interaction between the two in a dynamic economic context. Qualitative analysis reveals how the two interact in a changing environment. Researchers highlight the importance of verifying household income for purposes such as loans and evaluating financial condition, which involves examining documents such as pay slips and tax reports. Financial challenges include effective management of income and expenses, as well as developing long-term financial plans. Changes in the economic situation and rising prices of goods can pose other challenges in business management. The company faces ever-changing competition by implementing product diversification strategies, increasing operational efficiency, and developing new markets. They also focus on managing risk, maintaining healthy finances, and adapting to changing regulations and market conditions. This research highlights the linkages between the household and corporate sectors and their implications for overall economic stability. With a deeper understanding of the dynamics in these two sectors, this article provides insights for policy makers, business people and the general public in formulating more effective strategies to increase prosperity and economic growth.

The government's role in Islamic economics is very significant, not only in regulating public aspects in accordance with Islamic principles, but also in financial matters such as managing basic needs, creating jobs, and maintaining the stability of the value of money. Public authorities need appropriate arrangements to steer the economy in the desired direction. One of the strategies used is financial regulation, which aims to control the money supply so that economic growth is stable, the cost of living is affordable, and jobs are available. This research aims to explore how the financial approach works from an Islamic perspective in depth. In the context of Islamic economics, the task of public authorities is to ensure that Islamic principles apply in terms of free income, interest-free economy, and money management in accordance with Islamic principles. Financial regulatory instruments also go beyond the use of open markets and custody of money, including in terms of distribution of credit, proportion of advances, and benefits in accordance with Islamic rules. This journal explores the relationship between monetary policy and economic development from an Islamic perspective. The focus is on the government's role in regulating monetary policy to achieve stable and sustainable economic growth in accordance with Islamic principles. The discussion includes financial management strategies that include controlling the money supply, stability of the value of money, and development of an interest-free economy. By considering the basis of free income in Islamic economics, this journal also highlights monetary policy instruments that are in accordance with Islamic values, such as credit distribution and benefit proportions that follow Islamic rules. This research aims to provide in-depth insight into how monetary policy can be implemented effectively in the context of Islamic economics, as well as implications and suggestions for sustainable economic development from an Islamic perspective.

Herbalife is a company engaged in health goods that offers a variety of health products that can meet nutritional needs to support the health of the body. Herbalife products have ingredients that can increase energy intake for the body, build muscle mass, to maintain stamina and body health. In some cases, consumers tend to compare Herbalife products with other similar nutritional products. Consumers do an alternative evaluation stage because consumers will see the price aspect of this product with the price of middle-to-upper class products. This study aims to determine the influence of product innovation and product diversity on purchasing decisions at Herbalife Malang Nutrition Club House. This study uses quantitative research involving variables of Product Innovation, Product Diversity and Purchasing Decisions.This research data was collected by distributing questionnaires to 116 respondents who were members of Club Baruna. This study used purposive sampling techniques with primary and secondary data. Data analysis in this study used descriptive analysis, validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis and processed using IBM SPSS Statistic 25 for Windows. The results of data analysis conducted through hypothesis testing showed positive results where the variables of product innovation and product diversity had a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions at the Herbalife Malang Nutrition Club House.

This research aims to analyze in more depth the perceptions and motivation of UIN KH students. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan on Using QRIS as a Digital Payment Tool. This research uses a qualitative approach by conducting interviews with several informants. The location of the research was at UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid. The data used in this research is primary data. This research uses a purposive sampling technique. The research results show that the use of QRIS by UIN KH students. Abdurrahman Wahid is very effective and efficient in carrying out transactions. QRIS enables faster and easier non-cash transactions, and provides greater security and convenience. Based on the results of interviews, students felt helped by QRIS because it was more practical in making purchases or transactions without cash.

This research analyzes Islamic monetary policy and state revenues in the context of economic growth, especially in Indonesia. Monetary policy is the government's effort to improve economic conditions by regulating the amount of money in circulation. In the context of an economic crisis, monetary policy becomes important to balance the real sector and overcome the problem of currency value and the role of money as a commodity that sells interest or usury. This research reveals that monetary policy has input in the form of monetary policy instruments that influence the amount of money in circulation, while the output includes price stability and economic output. Islamic monetary policy is emphasized as a policy that must be free from usury and interest, following the principle of profit sharing in money management. Apart from that, this research also reviews monetary policy during the time of Rasulullah SAW, where monetary management was based on the principle of baitul mal and the allocation of funds for the spread of Islam, education, infrastructure development and social welfare. an Islamic economic perspective, monetary policy must pay attention to economic welfare with full employment opportunities, socio-economic justice, income distribution, and stability of the value of money. This refers to the principles of maqasid sharia in creating balance and prosperity for society. Monetary policy in Indonesia, led by Bank Indonesia, uses various instruments such as reference interest rates, open market operations, provision of liquidity, regulation of storage facilities, and reserve requirements. mandatory to achieve price stability, economic growth and financial system stability. This research provides in-depth insight into the importance of Islamic monetary policy in achieving macroeconomic goals and its impact on economic growth in Indonesia.

This study is to determine the effect of product quality and distribution channels on purchasing decisions at PT Putra Jaya Nanas Blitar. Types of quantitative research. Data collrction techniques primary data and secondary data, the number of samples is 100 responden at PT Putra Jaya Nanas Blitar. The analysis techniques are Validity Test, F Test and Coefficient of Determination Test. The result of multiple linier regression research Y= 4,430 + 0,316X1 + 0,792X2 and the result of the t-test of product quality variables have a significant effect on purchasing decisions. Distribution channels have a significant effect on purchasing decisions the result of the F test obtained the result of Fcount with a significance value of 0,000<0,05.

This article discusses the complex phenomenon of poverty from both a conventional and Islamic perspective, which is one of the biggest social challenges faced by global society. Poverty is not only an economic problem, but also has a broad and serious impact on health, education, access to resources and opportunities for a decent life. Through qualitative research, this article outlines the factors that cause poverty and explores various strategies and policies that can be adopted by governments, non-governmental organizations and civil society to address poverty effectively. With a better understanding of the complexities of poverty and efforts to overcome it, it is hoped that concrete steps can be taken to reduce inequality and provide fairer opportunities for all individuals in society.

Managing mosque funds is an important part of running it development activities, existing activities and covering all aspects socio-economic society. However, the main problem is deep management of the funds of the Mosque At-Taufiq and Mosque Al-Ittihad is management funds that are not yet effeccctive and efficient and socio-economic coditions that are not yet possible realized optimally for society. The purpose of this thesis: 1. To understand the management of funds at the Mosque At-Taufiq and Mosque At-Ittihad. 2. To find out the socio-economics of the At-Taufiq Mosque and Al-Ittihad Mosque in Murni Village, Jambi City. Researchers use descriptive qualitative methods, namely methods that will analyze and examine data from mosque. Researchers collect data in the form of data collection techniques in the form of observation, documentation and interviews. The research show: 1. The form of fund management the two Murni Village Mosques use management, namely planning, organizing, actuating and controlling, where in managing mosque funds there are several things that must be done attention, namely transparency, accountability, fund collection (reception system funds, fund storage system, fund reporting system, disbursement system and incoming funds) and distribution of funds. 2. Running socio-economics in the At-Taufiq Mosque and Al-Ittihad Mosque have functions int the same field Idarah, Imarah sector and Riayah Sector. It is hoped that the results of this research will be useful for increasing knowledge, insight and input for parties both mosque and the community so they can know how to manage funds the correct mosque by using functions and principles Management for managing mosque funds or managing mosque funds can be carry out the socio-economic funds is an activity that very good for society.

Monetary policy in Islamic economics is an important aspect in maintaining economic stability and promoting the welfare of the people. In the Islamic economic paradigm, monetary policy aims to create a balance between sustainable economic growth and fair distribution of wealth. Principles such as fairness, sustainability and fairness are the basis for formulating monetary policy. First, monetary policy must ensure that the creation of new money is carried out responsibly, avoiding inflation that is detrimental to society. In addition, the Islamic monetary system encourages the use of financial instruments based on sharia principles, such as mudharabah and musyarakah, which encourage healthy economic participation. Second, monetary policy must pay attention to aspects of wealth redistribution to reduce economic inequality. This can be achieved through collecting zakat, infaq and sadaqah as well as channeling funds to sectors in need, such as education, health and poverty alleviation. By implementing monetary policy in accordance with Islamic economic principles, it is hoped that an economy that is inclusive, sustainable and fair can be realized for all members of society.

This research aims to analyze the level of bank health and performance of Indonesian sharia banks using the RGEC method during the 2021-2022 period. Through this holistic approach, the research examines aspects of bank health, including risk profile, good corporate governance, income and capital. Data was obtained from the financial report of PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk, and analysis was carried out on credit risk, Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Return on Assets (ROA), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). Research findings show that Indonesian sharia banks demonstrate health and stability in their operations, despite a decline in several performance indicators. These conclusions provide valuable insights for stakeholders in the Islamic banking industry to improve bank performance and stability.    

International trade is something that often occurs in customs areas. Customs areas often witness international trade. Law on 17 of 2006 and Law on Excise No 11 of 1995 stipulate regulations regarding customs. However, in the case of exports and imports, it is difficult to differentiate between customs violations and customs crimes. The Customs and Excise Agency, an institution under the Ministry of Finance, is needed to handle customs cases. Based on the questions we discussed, the role and efforts of the DJBC in minimizing the increasing number of customs crimes must be discussed. The increase in customs crimes and obstacles. In their efforts to reduce the increase in customs crime, Customs and Excise is facing challenges. It is important to note that the national principles that drive the duties and efforts of the DJBC to reduce the increasing level of customs crimes can be linked to the principles and principles reflected the 1945 Constitution. Attributes of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) including nationalism and patriotism, sovereignty and territorial integrity, law and order, shared prosperity, and security.

With the increasing number of airlines, competition in passenger growth and retention has become increasingly tight. Citilink, one of the leading airlines, understands the importance of providing the best service to its passengers, especially during the check-in process before flights. This research aims to analyze the quality of service provided by check-in counter staff at Citilink, particularly at PT. Gapura Angkasa at Zainuddin Abdul Madjid International Airport, Lombok.Through qualitative research methods including observation, interviews, and documentation, this study aims to understand the level of satisfaction and identify areas for improvement in the check-in counter service. Findings indicate that Citilink has implemented various strategies to enhance passenger experience, including the use of automated information systems and routine training programs for staff. The services provided adhere to established SOPs, demonstrating the airline's commitment to providing consistent, professional, and standards-compliant service.

In a company there are employee activities which include promotion, demotion and dismissal and retirement. During employee activities, it does not rule out the possibility of conflicts, both personal, intragroup, and intergroup. Every conflict must have a resolution. Some ways of resolving internal employee conflicts include open and transparent communication, mediation, individual counseling, training and education. In writing this journal, the method used is a library research method, by taking data or information from various sources such as books, notes, and research reports. The purpose of writing this journal is to provide readers with an understanding of internal employee activities, employee conflicts and their resolution. The results of this study are a discussion that we have compiled in this journal.

Land, or soil, is the part of the earth's surface that can be used by humans for survival. Land is the terrain on the earth's surface and includes solid, liquid and gas. Things that affect land use are climate, relief, hydrology, vegetation, animals and the consequences of past and present human activities. land use is the process of utilizing land gradually to obtain results and to increase land use value without changing the physical form of land. Margaluyu Village has diverse geomorphological conditions, with vegetation dominated by tea gardens and pine forests that function as water catchment areas. This greatly influences the work of the surrounding community, which is generally as farmers and gardeners. the gardens that are there are chilies, corn, tomatoes, cabbage, coffee, tea and oranges. Margaluyu Village has Situ Cipanunjang, which is sometimes used as a training ground for national athletes in rowing, as well as tourism sectors such as Situ Cileunca, Situ Cipanunjang and Taman Bukit Bintang.  

Teachers are a big influence in cultivating the success of students' insight and attitudes. The guidance given by teachers also needs to be given to the values of caring for the environment. The character of caring for the environment does not only come from intuition and talent, but also comes from habits and an educational process that cares about the environment. A concrete manifestation provided by the government in cultivating the character of caring for the environment through the Adiwiyata Program in schools. The predicate of Adiwiyata is Mandiri and is an example of a school to be coached by other schools, so to find out more the researcher wants to conduct research on the role of teachers in cultivating environmentally caring character through the Adiwiyata program. The aim of this research is to (1) find out the role of social studies teachers in forming character caring for the environment at SMPN 1 Wlingi (2) knowing the form of character that cares for the environment in students at SMPN 1 Wlingi. This research uses a qualitative approach and an intrinsic case study type of research. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Checking data validity through technical triangulation and confirmability. The data analysis technique for this research is the Miles and Huberman technique through data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions. The results of this research are 1) The Role of Social Studies Teachers in Forming Environmentally Caring Characters a) Curriculum that is integrated with the environment, in the form of lesson plans/teaching modules that are integrated with material about the environment b) Participatory activities, in the form of the habit of cleaning the environment every morning, with guidance teachers, and insight through activities from learning materials. 2) Forming environmentally caring character through the Adiwiyata Program at SMPN 1 Wlingi in the form of an independent attitude and sense of responsibility possessed by students which is proven by the many activities that support the Adiwiyata Program, such as picket activities every morning and after school, clean Fridays, competitions cleanliness of the class, several activities integrated with learning materials in the form of making vlogs. and in general, SMPN 1 Wlingi implements minimizing plastic waste through the attitude of students by bringing provisions or drink bottles from home.

The implementation of the General Administration System in the Administration Division of PT Anugerah Santosa Abadi (ASA) in Surabaya has a significant impact on the smooth operation of the company. This research highlights tax invoice and invoice management as a key element in daily administrative activities. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this research aims to analyze the administrative practices implemented and their impact on company efficiency. The main objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of the general administration system, with a focus on the management of tax invoices and invoices, as well as identifying the impact on the smooth operations of PT ASA. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach by carrying out an internship practice for one month at PT ASA. Data was collected through observation, interviews with administrative personnel, and analysis of documents related to tax invoices, invoices, and company tax policies. The research results show that PT ASA consistently applies two types of invoices, namely tax invoices and invoices, with clear roles and functions. Tax invoice color management contributes to the effectiveness of archiving and transaction tracking. Implementation of payment terms with the "Accurate" application also allows adaptation to the needs of customers from different sectors. Overall, good integration of administrative systems ensures company compliance with tax regulations and provides optimal service to customers. This research concludes that the implementation of the general administration system at PT ASA, especially in the management of tax invoices and invoices, makes a positive contribution to smooth operations and company compliance with tax regulations. The practical implication of this research is the importance of understanding and managing administrative aspects holistically to improve the efficiency and quality of company services.    

Principal communication is the process of conveying information to teachers and forwarded to students. The purpose of this study was to determine the principal's communication, including: Teacher professionalism; Teacher discipline; and Teacher responsibility. Qualitative approach with descriptive method. In terms of data collection is through literature study, literature study is the initial step in the data collection method. Literature study is a data collection method that is directed at finding data and information through documents, both written documents, photographs, images, and electronic documents that can support the writing process. The subjects of the study were teachers, principals, and school committees at Madrasah Aliyah Islamiyah Sunggal. The results of the study found: Principal communication in improving teacher professionalism is conveying messages to teachers both verbally and in writing; Principal communication in improving teacher discipline is providing exemplary examples by attending school on time; Principal communication in improving teacher responsibility is interpersonal communication, communication in solving problems in learning by coordinating and finding solutions with the school committee and supervisor, and the relevant Education Office. It is expected that the committee and the principal can provide encouragement and guidance in teacher performance regarding professionalism, discipline and teacher responsibility effectively and efficiently so that it can improve teacher performance in schools.