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The systems approach is an effective framework for improving the quality of learning across various levels of education. In the context of education, this approach emphasizes the importance of interaction among various components, such as curriculum, teaching methods, resources, and the learning environment. This study aims to explore the role of the systems approach in identifying problems, designing appropriate interventions, and evaluating learning outcomes. By employing the systems approach, educators can better understand the dynamics within the learning process and optimize each element to achieve better educational outcomes. The study results indicate that the implementation of the systems approach not only enhances student engagement but also fosters collaboration between educators and other stakeholders. Therefore, the systems approach serves as a crucial tool in educational reform efforts to create more effective and sustainable learning environments.  

Assistance with digital financial reports using the Jaraya application for culinary MSMEs aims to increase the understanding and skills of MSME players in managing financial reports in a more efficient and structured way. Culinary MSMEs often face challenges in accurate and transparent financial records, which can affect their business decisions and business growth. In this program, the Jaraya application is introduced as a practical solution to simplify the process of recording transactions and creating digital financial reports. Assistance is provided through direct training, application usage simulations, and discussions to overcome problems faced by business actors. The results of this assistance show an increase in MSME players' understanding of the importance of organized financial reports and their ability to use the Jaraya application to monitor cash flow, manage profit and loss, and make better business decisions. This program is expected to have a positive impact on more efficient financial management and support the growth of culinary MSMEs in the future.

Industrial economics is a part of economics that studies how the structure, behavior and results of industry. This article aims to understand the definition and problems in industrial economics by using a qualitative approach with literature studies. This study emphasizes the main problems of perfect competition, technological innovation, production efficiency, and government regulations that have an impact on industrial performance. By conducting a literature review, this study provides a conceptual overview that can be the basis for further research.

The demands of the industrial revolution 5.0, especially in the field of education, require detailed information related to school services that can be accessed by parents and prospective students regardless of location and at any time, in addition to promotions using flyers and banners as in traditional marketing. Unfortunately, not many educational institutions, especially Early Childhood Education Institutions (PAUD), use digital marketing or promotion optimally due to limited knowledge. In fact, digital marketing is more affordable than trying traditional marketing. DINAR Nasyi'ah Tanggul Playgroup as a partner is one of the PAUD institutions that uses traditional marketing and has not maximized digital marketing in providing information about PAUD. This is not only due to cost constraints but also the digital capabilities of PAUD managers who still need to learn. In addition, PAUD managers are also constrained by the lack of marketing management capabilities. The methods used to overcome partner problems include the needs analysis stage, the activity preparation stage, initial assessment, promotion management training, creating digital and non-digital marketing/promotion media, registering PAUD locations on Google Maps, optimizing PAUD social media, and evaluation. The results of this service show an increase in marketing management knowledge, as well as partner digital marketing capabilities. In addition, there is the availability of digital and non-digital promotional media which are assistance products from the community service team.

Abstract, Fasting in Islam is not only an act of worship that brings one closer to Allah, but also offers physical and mental health benefits. In addition to increasing piety, fasting helps discipline oneself and supports the body's detoxification process. The biological processes that occur during fasting, such as rest for the digestive system and the use of energy reserves, demonstrate Allah's wisdom. Fasting also prevents diseases caused by overeating, such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart problems. Medical research reveals that moderate eating patterns and regular fasting improve overall health. Fasting, such as during Ramadan, also boosts metabolism, organ health, and psychological well-being by regulating emotions and behavior. Various types of fasting, both obligatory and voluntary, have different health impacts, and studies support the benefits of fasting in reducing inflammation, regulating blood glucose levels, and enhancing overall quality of life.    

The demands of the industrial revolution 5.0, especially in the field of education, require detailed information related to school services that can be accessed by parents and prospective students regardless of location and at any time, in addition to promotions using flyers and banners as in traditional marketing. Unfortunately, not many educational institutions, especially Early Childhood Education Institutions (PAUD), use digital marketing or promotion optimally due to limited knowledge. In fact, digital marketing is more affordable than trying traditional marketing. DINAR Nasyi'ah Tanggul Playgroup as a partner is one of the PAUD institutions that uses traditional marketing and has not maximized digital marketing in providing information about PAUD. This is not only due to cost constraints but also the digital capabilities of PAUD managers who still need to learn. In addition, PAUD managers are also constrained by the lack of marketing management capabilities. The methods used to overcome partner problems include the needs analysis stage, the activity preparation stage, initial assessment, promotion management training, creating digital and non-digital marketing/promotion media, registering PAUD locations on Google Maps, optimizing PAUD social media, and evaluation. The results of this service show an increase in marketing management knowledge, as well as partner digital marketing capabilities. In addition, there is the availability of digital and non-digital promotional media which are assistance products from the community service team.

  One of the biggest environmental problems in the world today is plastic waste. The accumulation of plastic that is difficult to decompose endangers human health and land and marine ecosystems. This is why managing plastic waste is an important small step towards making the environment cleaner and more sustainable. Reducing the use of single-use plastics, implementing recycling, and developing new ways to use used plastics for valuable products. Additionally, there was a discussion about how individual awareness, community collaboration, and government support are essential for plastic waste management. To reduce the negative effects of plastic waste, society can help future generations live better lives by implementing simple but consistent actions.  

The Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) is a humanitarian organization that is important in providing public services. This research analyzes the role of PMI Public Relations in conveying information to the public. Through interviews with three sources, namely Headquarters Public Relations, Blood Donor Unit Public Relations, and PMI Clinic Public Relations, and using observation, interview, and documentation methods, this study identified the role of PMI Public Relations as an expert advisor, communication facilitator, problem-solving process facilitator, and technician. Communication. These various roles help PMI Public Relations maintain a positive image of the organization, and strengthen relationships with the community while providing solutions to problems that arise, ultimately increasing public trust in PMI services.

This study was conducted in 2024, amidst rapid technological developments such as Android, AI, and IoT, in the era of Society 5.0. Despite extraordinary technological advances, family problems from 1990 to 2024 remain focused on family breakdown, indicating that technology does not always bring harmony. This phenomenon also occurs at Kairos International Ministry, where many families are broken and less harmonious, even considered normal by church members, including God's servants. Family breakdown affects spiritual life, which in turn has an impact on the development of the church or fellowship. This study uses a qualitative method and aims to show the importance of family integrity in building a congregation. The results of the study reveal that an intact family is like a solid foundation that strengthens fellowship, but there are obstacles such as obedience, selfishness, and lack of trust and surrender to God in achieving family integrity.

Industrial policy in Indonesia faces significant challenges in an era of increasingly complex globalization. Globalization brings great opportunities for domestic companies to compete globally, but also poses risks such as economic inequality and unemployment. To address these challenges, the government needs to develop a smart industrial policy that not only encourages sectoral growth but also stimulates cross-sectoral innovation. Selecting imported goods, imposing high import fees on commodities that can already be produced domestically, and providing capital injections to companies with comparative advantages are effective ways to protect local industries from the negative impacts of globalization. Digitalization must also go hand in hand with the implementation of this strategy so that sectors can use digital technology to increase productivity and create new economic opportunities, especially for micro, small, and start-up businesses. Furthermore, Indonesia's economic strength in navigating the problems of globalization may lie in its integration with the creative economy. Indonesia's industrial economy requires creative and innovative human resources so that the creative sector can develop and compete on a global scale.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has driven significant changes across various sectors, with startup emerging as key players in the global economy. Despite their immense potential, many startup face significant challenges, including a high failure rate within the first five years of operation. Design Thinking, a human-centered approach, has surfaced as a solution to address these challenges by helping startup understand user needs, identify problems, and create innovative solutions. This study aims to analyse the application of Design Thinking in building an innovative and competitive startup ecosystem. Using a literature review methodology, this research identifies various tested approaches and strategies, as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by startup in implementing Design Thinking. The findings indicate that the application of Design Thinking can enhance a startup's competitiveness by accelerating product innovation and improving responsiveness to market changes. The main challenges include a lack of understanding of the method and limited human resources with the necessary skills in technology and design. We suggest establishing Startups Incubator, with the framework adapted and modified to include active participation from stakeholder. The Startups Incubator will place members as strategic component of socio-economical system; will create a culture of adaptive innovation that is able to solve problems in society, in line with stakeholder needs, market realities and system complexity. By integrating some Startups Incubators, then we can create startups ecosystem that is continuously innovate and market-competitive.

Community service is one of the implementations of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education aimed at providing tangible solutions to social problems. This program was conducted in RT 34, Karang Joang Subdistrict, Balikpapan, focusing on two main issues: the lack of transparency and security in tenant reporting and the limited access to education for children. The solutions implemented include developing a website-based information system to digitally manage tenant data and interactive educational programs in English and Mathematics. The results show that the website successfully enhanced transparency and security by reducing the potential for fraud cases. Furthermore, the educational programs improved children’s literacy and academic skills, particularly in Mathematics and English. Pre- and post-program analyses revealed significant improvements in the community's digital literacy. Thus, this community service program positively contributes to supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in quality education and strong institutions. It is expected that this program can be replicated and further developed for broader communities. , , ,, 

Poverty is a situation where a person is unable to fulfill his life needs in terms of food, clothing, shelter and education. This writing uses a qualitative descriptive design. Qualitative research is research that aims to describe, discover and understand the meaning of data obtained from a number of people who are the research targets of social and humanitarian issues. This research method is a visit, a pastoral conversation, where the companion is present to provide encouragement, motivation, listen to any struggles and problems faced by the counselee and provide social assistance. And in the form of Pastoral Assistance, the aim is to provide Supportive Counseling, namely counseling to strengthen and support each other (1 Thess. 5:11; Heb. 3:13; 10:25).

The Merdeka Curriculum emphasizes individual freedom to learn according to their potential. Thus, teachers face the challenge of providing instruction that suits students' varying abilities. In addition, many students face difficulties in multiplication and division when studying mathematics. So, the aim of this research is to find out whether student learning outcomes are better by using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in learning Indonesian in one grade. Learning Indonesian in first grade often faces problems in improving students' skills. Consequently, the aim of this research is to apply the PBL learning model and learning approach at the appropriate level (TaRL) at SDN Pakis V Surabaya. The aim of this research is to explain the use of TaRL in Indonesian language learning in grade 1 using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews and document analysis. The research results show that efforts to improve student learning outcomes are through the use of TaRL in a process that includes classifying learning needs, learning design, implementation, and student reflection and evaluation.

Problems arise when the seller and buyer have died while the land that is the object of the sale and purchase is controlled by a third party. The formulation of the problem is as follows: 1) How is the validity of a land sale and purchase statement above the seal in the transfer of land rights? 2) What are the legal considerations of the panel of judges in the Pati District Court Decision Case Number 7 /Pdt.G/2023/PN. Pti.? 3) What are the legal consequences for the parties to the Pati District Court Decision Case Number 7/Pdt.G/2023/PN. Pti ? This study used a normative legal research approach. The data analysis used was a qualitative approach to secondary data as the main and primary data as supporting data. The results of the study show that the validity of the land sale and purchase statement letter above the seal in the transfer of land rights can be seen from the fulfillment of two requirements; general and special requirements. The legal consideration of the panel of judges in the Pati District Court Decision Case Number 7/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Pti. is that the Defendant's actions in controlling a plot of land recorded in the Village Book C Number 870, Plot Number 24 Class D1 covering an area of 270 M2 located in RT 002 RW 005 Tunjungrejo Village, Margoyoso Sub-District, Pati Regency are against the law. The legal consequences for the parties to the Pati District Court Decision Case Number 7/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Pti is that the Plaintiff has the right to control a plot of land as recorded in the Village Record Number 870, Plot Number 24 Class DI Area 270 M2, located in Rt 002 Rw 005 Tunjungrejo Village, Margoyoso Sub-District, Pati Regency, and the Defendant and the third party were ordered to vacate the land belonging to Ah Djumadi or his heirs which was the object of the dispute.

Love relationships during adolescence cannot avoid problems, the problem that most often occurs is misunderstanding in a situation. Communication is the process of conveying messages or symbols between the communicator and the communicant through a medium with a specific purpose. Selfishness is the majority of respondents' answers to communication barriers that influence conflict in relationships. Environmental influences: External factors such as peer pressure or certain social norms can be a barrier to maintaining good communication in a romantic relationship. Relationships that exist require effective communication from both parties, especially for teenagers who are still unstable in controlling their emotions.

The purpose of the study was to obtain a real picture in providing community midwifery care in the context of the family to Mrs. M with Postpartum and Neonatal Physiology in Bangkang Hamlet, Prabu Village, Pujut District, Central Lombok Regency. After practicing community midwifery and implementing comprehensive community midwifery care, a good working relationship with Mr. "Z"'s family was created, basic data assessment of Mr. "Z"'s family was conducted, data analysis was conducted on Mr. "Z"'s family data assessment, data analysis of Mr. "Z"'s family, formulation of problems in Mr. "Z"'s family, determining priority problems in Mr. "Z"'s family. Students have implemented a midwifery care action plan for Mr. "Z"'s family in the form of counseling. Students have been able to implement and evaluate midwifery care for Mr. "Z"'s family so that they can help change the habits of Mr. "Z"'s family for the better.

Sexual harassment is a behavior with sexual connotations that is done without the consent of the intended person, including various forms such as physical, verbal, and non-verbal. In Indonesia, verbal sexual harassment such as catcalling is common but less recognized by society. Catcalling, which is often directed at women, is often considered trivial and not seen as a form of criminal offense. In fact, this act can have a serious psychological and emotional impact on the victim. Although there is still a lack of understanding about the Sexual Violence Law, it is hoped that this law can provide legal protection for victims. The Criminal Code (KUHP) also regulates crimes of decency, but non-physical sexual harassment has not been specifically regulated, making law enforcement difficult. The problem of lack of legal awareness and the lack of regulations related to verbal sexual harassment are the main obstacles in providing protection to victims. From the above problems, the formulation of the problem to be sought is how the implementation of the law against the perpetrators of catcalling and whether the criminal law in Indonesia has been good enough in dealing with the criminal act of catcalling as a form of sexual harassment. This research was conducted using qualitative methods and inductive research, and research using deductive methods, and using an empirical juridical approach.

The purpose of conducting research on the implementation of the PAK independent curriculum is to find out the problems in its implementation, teachers are the main implementers of this curriculum in the field. By understanding their perspectives and experiences, we can find the problems they face and what is needed for the successful implementation of the curriculum. The research method used is to use a qualitative method with a literature review approach, namely looking for sources that are considered relevant to be used as sources for writing. Based on the results obtained, there are several difficulties or problems in its implementation, for example one of them is the reduction in human resources in this case, namely educators, and other things. The Merdeka Belajar curriculum focuses on important material, is flexible for teachers and students, and is project and character-based. By increasing teacher understanding, increasing resources, increasing parental participation, and developing a more contextual curriculum, it is hoped that the quality of religious education can be improved.

The results of the study of Community Midwifery Care for Mr. "N" Family with Postpartum Fever on Day 6, Dusun Aik Lengis, Kuta Village, Kuta Health Center Working Area, namely the assessment of subjective and objective data on Mrs. "M" postpartum on day 6 with fever, existing subjective and objective data and can identify problems, needs and diagnoses based on information that has been collected from the assessment of Mrs. "M" postpartum on day 6 with fever. Diagnosis or potential problems in accordance with the data obtained from the assessment of Mrs. "M" postpartum on day 6 with fever, collaboration, and referrals to Mrs. "M" postpartum on day 6 with fever, interventions on Mrs. "M" postpartum on day 6 with fever, care needed by Mrs. "M" postpartum on day 6 with fever. Students have conducted an evaluation in accordance with the actions that have been given to Mrs. "M" postpartum on day 6 with fever obtained from verbal responses, nonverbal responses, and examination results. Not all problems can be identified due to time constraints for the author to provide midwifery care to clients who have not fully recovered.