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The husband's obligation to provide for his wife is one of the primary responsibilities in marriage, as regulated by various legal systems and religious values. However, challenges arise when a husband is in a state of economic poverty and unable to meet the family's basic needs. This article aims to explore how the concept of provision (nafkah) is applied in such situations from the perspectives of Islamic law, state law, and social norms. Based on a literature review, it is found that Islam provides flexibility for impoverished husbands to strive within their capacity, while emphasizing the importance of communication, mutual understanding, and cooperation between husband and wife. Furthermore, the responsibility to provide is not solely material but also includes emotional and spiritual aspects. This article also highlights the need for community and state support in creating social protection systems for impoverished families to ensure their welfare. Thus, the husband's responsibility to provide is not only viewed as an individual duty but also within the framework of collective responsibility.    

The digital era brings fundamental transformation to the world of work, requiring a critical review through the perspective of the Church's social teachings, particularly the Rerum Novarum Encyclical. This research aims to analyze the challenges and opportunities of the labor world amid the digital revolution using the ethical framework of this historic document. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach. The analytical methods include literature review, interpretation of secondary data on digital transformation, and comparative evaluation between the principles of Rerum Novarum and contemporary employment conditions. The article reveals that digital transformation is not just about technological advancement, but also about ensuring human welfare. The ethical approach inherited from Rerum Novarum can serve as a guide in designing inclusive and just employment policies. To face the digital era, a comprehensive strategy is needed that integrates technological innovation with worker rights protection. Digital literacy, equitable technology access, and social protection policies become key elements in achieving a dignified transformation.

In essence, technology has become an inseparable part of children's lives today. However, inappropriate use of technology can impact their development. The technology that exists today has a big influence on the progress of a nation and for this reason the role of parents and educators must be to be able to encourage and provide control and supervision to children so that they do not become addicted to technology. because technology can expand knowledge through the internet and digital devices, increase creativity to be creative in developing skills and can facilitate learning. However, current technology can also have negative impacts, such as children becoming dependent and spending time in front of screens, social interactions and even children having more fun in front of the screen than playing in the surrounding environment. In today's sophisticated era, being free from gadgets is difficult. Because gadgets are a major need for children and parents, because they can be used to communicate and carry out other needs. The aim of this research is to describe or describe in full the impact of gadget use on the social behavior of young children. The method used in this research is a qualitative method that will allow us to explore and analyze more complex problems, understand the perspectives of various stakeholders, and gain a deeper understanding of the context of the influence of devices on a child. The research hopes that the results obtained can be used as a benchmark for parents and teachers in controlling children's use of technology.

Islamic education reached its peak during the Abbasid Dynasty, precisely from the eighth to the thirteenth centuries AD. This period is often referred to as the "Islamic Golden Age", during which Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasids, became the center of world knowledge and culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the glory of Islamic education before the collapse of Baghdad, the factors that caused the collapse of Baghdad, and analyze the impact and efforts to revive Islamic education. The benefits of this article are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationship between the collapse of the center of Islamic civilization and the decline of education, as well as provide relevant historical insights to rebuild the glory of Islamic education in modern times. The author uses a qualitative method with the type of library research, the main sources of data in this research are books and websites relevant to Islamic history, as well as scientific journal articles that discuss Islamic history from various perspectives, both published in national and international journals. The data obtained will be analyzed qualitatively with a descriptive approach to identify the main themes and gain a better understanding of the Decline of Islamic Education: An Analysis of the Impact of the Fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD. The fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD became one of the most tragic events in the history of Islamic civilization, especially in the field of education. The destruction of the city resulted in the loss of educational centers, such as Baitul Hikmah, as well as valuable manuscripts and scientific works. The disconnected scientific tradition and intellectual stagnation are a long-term impact felt by the Islamic world. After the fall of Baghdad, many scholars took an important role in efforts to revitalize Islamic education. They moved to new territories, bringing with them the science and scientific traditions of Baghdad.

This study examines the virtues of knowledge and the classification of education based on the perspectives of two prominent Islamic scholars, Al-Ghazali and Ibn Qayyim, grounded in the framework of the Qur'an and Hadith. Islam assigns a distinguished position to knowledge, as reflected in Qur'anic verses such as Al-Mujadilah 11, which promises elevated ranks for those who believe and possess knowledge, and the supplication for increased knowledge in Thaha 114. In Hadith, knowledge is likened to beneficial milk that must be shared with others. Al-Ghazali emphasizes the importance of knowledge as a path to happiness in both this world and the hereafter, while Ibn Qayyim highlights the role of knowledge in drawing closer to Allah and shaping a complete human character. This research employs a literature review method to explore the concepts of the virtues of knowledge and education in Islam through the perspectives of Al-Ghazali and Ibn Qayyim. The findings reveal that both scholars present complementary views on the value of knowledge as an act of worship that brings one closer to Allah SWT, while categorizing knowledge based on its benefits for individuals and society. This study underscores that seeking knowledge is an obligation for every Muslim and a path to paradise, as affirmed in the Qur'an and Hadith. These findings provide valuable contributions to the development of Islamic education, particularly in instilling the virtues of knowledge in modern educational curricula.

Education in the era of globalization demands the development of students' social skills, including collaboration, to prepare them for the challenges of the 21st century. One effective method to train these skills is small group discussions, which encourage students to share ideas, listen to other perspectives, and reach consensus. This study aims to identify effective strategies in guiding small group discussions to improve student collaboration, focusing on the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with a case study design in one of the high schools that implements the Merdeka Curriculum. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and student collaboration questionnaires. The results of the study indicate that effective strategies include the use of open-ended questions, providing constructive feedback, and dividing roles in groups. In addition, the dynamics of small group discussions can be improved with good conflict management by teachers. This study also found that small group discussions can improve students' collaboration skills, which are reflected in communication, individual responsibility, and group decision making. Implications for the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum show the importance of teacher training to improve the ability to guide small group discussions effectively. This study provides practical and theoretical contributions to the development of collaboration-based learning in Indonesia.

This research aims to explore the meaning of work in the context of the Church's social teachings, with a focus on the perspective of the encyclical Laborem Exercens.The background to this research is rooted in the importance of understanding work as an integral part of human life and Church teachings. The method used is qualitative analysis of the encyclical, which includes text study and interpretation of meaning. The findings show that work is seen as a deep calling, where each individual contributes to the creation and well-being of society. In addition, this encyclical emphasizes the values ​​of justice, solidarity and human dignity in the world of work. The implication of this research is the need to reaffirm the importance of work ethics based on Church teachings, as well as encouragement to create a more just and humane work environment. It is hoped that the results of this research can become a reference for stakeholders in formulating policies that support the principles of the Church's social teachings in daily work practices.

This article delves deeply into the concept of Spiritual Restoration and Community: Rebuilding the Foundation of Life, with a focus on the text of Ezra 3:8-13. This research aims to gain a more comprehensive understanding of how the Israelites were interconnected in reaffirming the restoration of life through the reconstruction of the foundation of the Israelite nation. The research methods employed include biblical text analysis, historical studies, and an exposition of the cultural context of the time. The research findings provide a rich and complex perspective on the role of Ezra as a channel of God's will in restoring and guiding His people.

This study aims to analyze the influence of income, financial literacy, and Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) on the consumptive behavior of students who use Shopee from an Islamic perspective. The research employs a quantitative approach with data collected through questionnaires distributed to Shopee-using students, utilizing a Likert scale of 1–5. The sampling technique applied is accidental sampling, and data analysis is facilitated by SPSS software. The results reveal that the Adjusted R Square value of 13% indicates that income, financial literacy, and FOMO explain 13% of the variance in students' consumptive behavior, while the remaining 87% is influenced by other factors not included in the study. Simultaneous testing shows an F-value of 5.420 with a significance of 0.002, confirming that the three independent variables significantly affect students' consumptive behavior. Notably, financial literacy and FOMO have significant impacts on students' levels of consumption. This study contributes to the literature on consumptive behavior in the context of Islamic values and provides practical guidance for students to manage their consumption wisely. Additionally, the findings offer valuable insights for e-commerce platforms to design more responsible marketing strategies aligned with Islamic principles.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the New Student Admissions (PPDB) policy which uses a zoning system at SMPN 12 Bandung. This policy aims to increase equal access to education in society. To achieve this aim, this research applies a qualitative approach, which is considered effective for exploring in-depth information about the experiences and perspectives of the parties involved. Data was collected through direct interviews with resource persons from the student affairs section of SMPN 12 Bandung. This method allows researchers to gain a clearer understanding of the implementation of the zoning system in the PPDB process at the school.  This research also aims to evaluate the extent to which zoning policies are effective in increasing access to education, reducing social disparities, and identifying the challenges and opportunities faced by schools in their implementation. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide recommendations for the government and related parties to improve and perfect zoning-based PPDB policies in the future.

Christian Religious Education (CRE) in Indonesia plays a crucial role in shaping the character and morality of students. Considering the cultural and religious diversity in Indonesia, Christian religious education needs to be delivered with a multicultural perspective that emphasizes values of tolerance and respect for differences. This article aims to explore the implementation of Christian religious education in schools within the context of multiculturalism, and how this can help strengthen attitudes of tolerance and interfaith harmony. This study also discusses the challenges in implementing multicultural-based Christian religious education and how practical solutions can be applied.

The advancement of information and communication technology has resulted in a lot of irregular, random and chaotic information outbursts. If the chaos of information in this digital era can be associated with chaos theory, then there will be a new perspective where chaos is not seen as something negative but something positive or positive chaos. By using a literature study, this study found the effect of positive chaos, namely an increase in digital literacy in society as a form of public awareness in receiving information. In addition, government and researcher efforts continue to be increased to develop digital literacy programs that must be in line with advances in information and communication technology.

To find out  the beef cattle business in Perbaungan sub-district is potentially profitable from a financial, social and environmental perspective. Primary data were collected through interviews with farmers and secondary data from relevant agencies. Descriptive-analytical method was used. Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were used to assess business feasibility. The results showed that the beef cattle business is financially viable with a BCR value of 1.35, NPV of 25,000,000, and IRR of 18 per cent. In addition, the business has a positive impact on income generation, job creation, and farmer welfare. But there are some problems, such as changes in feed prices and cattle waste management. Even if feed prices and cattle selling prices change significantly, the business is still viable, according to the sensitivity analysis. To make the business more sustainable, the government should help through training programmes, feed subsidies and access to finance. Beef cattle enterprises have great potential to grow and have a positive impact on both the environment and the community if managed properly.

The practice of “All You Can Eat” (AYCE) is a food serving model where customers pay one fixed price to enjoy various types of all-you-can-eat dishes within a certain time limit. This concept has become a global trend and is widely implemented in Indonesia, especially in Japanese and Korean themed restaurants. As a modern form of muamalah, AYCE raises questions in the perspective of Islamic law because it involves aspects of economic transactions that must fulfill the pillars and conditions of buying and selling according to Islam. This study examines the mechanism of AYCE, starting from the payment system, time policy, and additional rules such as fines for uneaten food. In addition, it discusses the application of the pillars and conditions of buying and selling in Islam, which include clarity of goods, valid contracts, and voluntary consent of the parties involved. The main focus is on the potential element of uncertainty (gharar) in AYCE practices, especially regarding the different portions of food consumed by customers, which forms the basis of the Islamic legal analysis of this concept. This research aims to provide a comprehensive view of the relationship between the AYCE concept in the light of Islamic law.

This article discusses risk management from the perspective of Islamic economics, with a case study on Swalayan Al-Fatih in Sumenep Regency. The research was conducted to address several issues, including: 1) What are the internal and external risks faced by Swalayan Al-Fatih in its daily operations? 2) What risk mitigation strategies can be implemented by Swalayan Al-Fatih from the perspective of Islamic economics?. In this thesis, the researcher employs a qualitative research method. Qualitative research is a procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observed behaviors. To collect data, the researcher uses interview and observation techniques. Data analysis is carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. Based on this orientation, the research findings indicate that the risks faced by Swalayan Al-Fatih include internal risks such as conflicts among employees, lack of skills, and low employee loyalty. External risks, such as intense competition, unsold products, as well as environmental and natural factors, were also identified. In conclusion, the risk management strategy according to Islamic economics is based on the Qur'an and Hadith, as taught by Prophet Muhammad SAW. The strategy implemented by Swalayan Al-Fatih meets several criteria of Islamic economics.

Socialization is the most important process we go through, whether we realize it or not, in everyday life. Students' moral development is greatly influenced by policies in the field of education. wanting to confirm which method used to disseminate educational policies, the steps involved in the socialization process, socialization strategies, and the media used for socialization. In accordance with the initial conditions, this research was carried out using qualitative descriptive techniques. This is also seen from the perspective of educational policy socialization. Three stages should be considered when disseminating education policy, according to this research: preparation; imitation (or play); and action (or play). Social media, electronic media (such as CDs or compact disks), radio, television and radio, and other communication media can be used to promote educational policies.    

The role of education in shaping character has been a subject of discourse throughout history, with its significance amplified in the face of contemporary challenges. This study examines the relevance of Ibn Khaldun's educational philosophy in the context of modern character formation. The reseaarch aims to analyze Ibn Khaldun's perspective on education and its potential application in contemporary character-building efforts. A qualitative approach is employed, focusing on a comprehensive review of secondary sources and scholarly interpretations of Ibn Khaldun's educational theories. The study synthesizes various perspectives on Ibn Khaldun's educational philosophy and examines their applicability to current educational practices and challenges. This approach allows for a broader understanding of Ibn Khaldun's ideas within the context of modern educational needs. The study reveals that Ibn Khaldun's educational theory emphasizes the integration of religious, moral, and practical knowledge in character development. His holistic approach to education, which includes the cultivation of critical thinking, social skills, and ethical values, aligns closely with current educational needs. The findings suggest that Ibn Khaldun's educational principles can significantly contribute to addressing modern character-building challenges, particularly in fostering resilience, cultural understanding, and ethical decision-making among students. This research provides valuable insights for educators and policymakers in developing comprehensive character education programs that balance traditional wisdom with contemporary demands. Moreover, it highlights the importance of revisiting historical educational philosophies to inform and enrich modern a pedagogical practices, especially in the realm of character education.

This research examines the concept of money from an Islamic economic perspective which is fundamentally different from conventional economic views. In Islam, money is not a commodity that can be traded for profit. Money is a medium of exchange that must be used to support real economic activities and contribute to social welfare. The basic principles of Islamic economics, such as the prohibition of usury, gharar, and maysir strictly regulate the use of money so that it cannot be used for speculative activities that have the potential to be detrimental. This research aims to analyze the role of money in Islamic economics, explore its application in the Islamic financial system, and assess its impact on wealth distribution and economic stability. The research results show that the concept of money in Islam emphasizes justice, ethics and balance in the economy, and can provide a more sustainable alternative compared to conventional financial systems which often pursue maximum profits without paying attention to social impacts. This research concludes that the application of money principles in Islamic economics can support the creation of a fairer and more inclusive financial system and contribute to the overall economic welfare of the people.

In modern society, many families face challenges such as conflict and divorce, so an understanding of healthy family relationships is becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of family harmony in the perspective of Colossians, as well as how this teaching can be applied in everyday life. The methodology used is a descriptive qualitative approach with an analysis of the scriptural text, specifically Colossians 3:18-21, to draw the theological meaning of Paul's teaching on roles and responsibilities in the family. The main results of the study show that family harmony is characterized by love, mutual respect, and obedience in a spiritual context. Emphasis on the reciprocal relationship between husband and wife, as well as positive parenting between parents and children, is key to creating a healthy family environment. In conclusion, applying the values found in Colossians can help families face the challenges of modern times and create more harmonious and equitable relationships.

This study examines the use of feminist language in the film Barbie and the Three Musketeers (2009) from a sociolinguistic perspective. The film raises the theme of women's empowerment through the main character, Corinne, who struggles to prove that women can also be knights. In this context, the film utilizes dialogue and narrative to challenge gender stereotypes and depict solidarity between women in achieving common goals. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a note-taking technique in collecting data from conversations in the film. The results of the analysis show that the language used in the film reflects feminist values, including gender equality, courage, and cooperation between women. In addition, the film also successfully breaks down social barriers that hinder women and inspires viewers, especially the younger generation, to fight against norms that limit their potential. This study suggests the need to develop media content that supports women's empowerment to form a more inclusive and equal perception in society.