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This study examines the phenomenon of fatherlessness in Indonesia and its relevance to Human security. Rather than limiting the concept to the physical absence of a father, this research highlights functional fatherlessnes s, where the father is present but does not perform his roles in caregiving, emotional support, and economic responsibility. Using a qualitative approach through literature review and conceptual analysis, this study explores how disruptions in family roles can generate broader social vulnerabilities. The findings indicate that fatherlessness is closely linked to various dimensions of human security, particularly personal, economic, and community security. The absence or dysfunction of paternal roles weakens the family as the primary unit of protection, potentially affecting individual well-being, social stability, and the overall quality of human resources. Furthermore, this study finds that existing state responses tend to be reactive and have not fully addressed the issue of functional fatherlessness as a structural social concern. Therefore, this research argues that fatherlessness should be understood not merely as a private family issue, but as a non-traditional security challenge that requires comprehensive policy attention to strengthen human security in Indonesia.

Prayer (ṣalāh) holds a central and indispensable place within the Islamic faith as one of the most fundamental acts of devotion. This study is designed to investigate the extent to which salah contributes to the formation and strengthening of religious consciousness among Muslims, as manifested in changes to individual attitudes, conduct, and discipline in everyday life. Employing a qualitative design grounded in library-based research, this study draws on primary Islamic sources, including the Qur'an and prophetic traditions, alongside relevant contemporary scholarly works. The findings reveal that the consistent practice of salah, carried out with sincerity and mindfulness, plays a meaningful role in cultivating spirituality, deepening the bond between humanity and the Creator, and fostering conduct that aligns with Islamic values. Moreover, salah is demonstrated to serve as an effective mechanism for self-regulation, discouraging unethical behavior while enhancing individual moral character. In conclusion, salah transcends its ritual dimension to function as a vital and holistic instrument for building comprehensive religious consciousness in the daily lives of Muslims.

This study aims to examine how nepotism can manifest through the role of informal institutions and its influence on administrative integrity within the bureaucracy. The method used is literature analysis by examining various related scientific references, such as books, journal articles, and research, which are then analyzed descriptively and analytically through identification, classification, and data integration. The research findings indicate that nepotism does not only arise from weaknesses in the official system, but is also strongly influenced by the existence of informal institutions such as personal networks, social norms, and organizational culture. This practice tends to persist within a system because it gains social recognition, making it difficult to overcome solely with regulations. The consequences include a decline in employee professionalism, weak accountability, and erosion of administrative integrity, which impacts on reduced public trust in government institutions. The implications of this study indicate that a comprehensive approach is crucial in bureaucratic reform, through strengthening the official system and changing organizational cultural values ​​to produce transparent, accountable, and dignified government management.

Physical mobility is highly influenced by the integrity of the musculoskeletal and neuromuscular systems, which play a fundamental role in facilitating body movement. Impairment in these systems, such as muscle weakness, limited joint range of motion, pain, or injury, may lead to decreased physical movement and functional limitations. This case study aimed to describe the implementation of joint strengthening exercise techniques in a patient with impaired physical mobility at RSUD Bayu Asih Purwakarta. Joint strengthening exercise techniques, as a nursing intervention, may improve joint flexibility and enhance physical mobility. This study employed a case study design using a comprehensive nursing care approach. Assessment findings revealed decreased extremity movement, reduced muscle strength, and limited joint range of motion. The nursing diagnosis established was impaired physical mobility. Nursing interventions were implemented through joint strengthening exercise techniques over three days in two sessions. Evaluation findings demonstrated partial improvement in extremity movement, muscle strength, and joint range of motion. The implementation of joint strengthening exercise techniques contributed to improved patient mobility; however, the problem of impaired physical mobility was not fully resolved, as the outcome indicators remained at scores of three to four, below the expected target score of five.

The completeness of nursing care documentation serves as a primary indicator of hospital service quality and remains a critical component of patient safety, clinical communication, and legal accountability. Despite its importance, empirical evidence from various healthcare facilities indicates that nursing records are frequently suboptimal, incomplete, or inconsistent. This study aims to analyze the complex interrelationships between burnout and coaching on the completeness of nursing care documentation, specifically examining the role of nursing competence as a mediating (intervening) variable at the Dr. Chasbullah Abdulmadjid General Hospital in Bekasi City. Utilizing a quantitative research framework with a cross-sectional design, this study sampled practicing nurses stationed across inpatient and intensive care units. Primary data were gathered through a validated, structured questionnaire designed to measure psychological burnout, the frequency of clinical coaching, perceived professional competence, and the objective completeness of documentation. The data were subjected to rigorous analysis using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to test the hypothesized pathways within the conceptual model. The results demonstrated that burnout exerts a significant negative influence on both nursing competence and the quality of documentation, suggesting that emotional exhaustion hinders professional performance. Conversely, systematic coaching was found to have a significant positive impact, directly improving both competence levels and documentation adherence. Critically, the analysis confirmed that nursing competence acts as a vital intervening variable; it effectively mediates and strengthens the influence of both burnout reduction and coaching interventions on the overall completeness of nursing care records. This study concludes that proactive burnout management and the institutionalization of structured coaching programs are essential strategic priorities. By addressing these factors, hospital management can enhance individual nurse competence, thereby ensuring high-quality, comprehensive nursing documentation that supports patient safety and institutional integrity.

Research on strategic competence has grown significantly due to digital transformation, global competition, and increasing business complexity. However, studies integrating strategic competence, dynamic capabilities, and firm performance through a systematic literature review remain limited. This study aims to examine research trends, dominant themes, theoretical perspectives, and future research directions related to strategic competence in modern organizations. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines using data from the Scopus database with keywords related to strategic competence, strategic capability, core competence, and dynamic capability. The initial search identified 15,943 documents, and after several screening stages, 73 relevant articles were selected as the final dataset. The findings indicate that research on strategic competence increased significantly during 2021–2026. Dominant themes include dynamic capabilities, strategic agility, resource-based view, innovation capability, and firm performance. The study also shows that strategic competence research is evolving toward adaptive, knowledge-based, and sustainability-oriented perspectives. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of strategic competence research developments and offers insights for organizations in strengthening adaptability, innovation capability, and competitive advantage in dynamic business environments.

Learning the History of Islamic Culture plays an important role within Malaysia’s education system. Its purpose is to help students develop a strong identity and love for their nation. In this subject, students are not merely taught facts or knowledge about past events; they are also taught moral values, ethics, and a wholesome Islamic worldview. Integrating this subject into the education curriculum aims to provide children with a comprehensive understanding of the development of Islam, both across the Nusantara region and throughout Southeast Asia as a whole. This way, students gain a broad perspective. Furthermore, this subject is designed to foster a love for knowledge in children and to encourage them to uphold Islamic teachings throughout their lives. Its teaching methods are adapted to the changing times, ensuring that the material taught remains relevant to current needs. Through learning the History of Islamic Culture, it is hoped that children will understand the role and contributions of Muslim communities in Southeast Asia, and grow up to be individuals of good character, useful to society, and able to live in harmony with others in accordance with Islamic teachings.

This study aims to examine the role of information technology (IT) professional ethics as a preventive instrument in facing the escalation of cyber crime in Indonesia. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA protocol, 17 selected scientific literature from the 2020-2026 period were analyzed comprehensively. The results of the study indicate that dominant operating modes such as ransomware on national infrastructure and mass data breaches in the banking and health sectors are rooted in the neglect of integrity and accountability principles. The discussion in this study confirms that the application of professional ethics based on the PAPA (Privacy, Accuracy, Property, Accessibility) framework is able to suppress the risk of internal threats and strengthen digital defense. The conclusion of the study shows that the synergy between the 2024 ITE Law regulations and the internalization of the professional code of ethics is the main key to data sovereignty in the digital era. The practical implications of this research recommend strengthening the ethics curriculum in IT higher education and ethical compliance audits in the public sector.

Job analysis is a key component of human resource management that plays a role in determining the tasks, responsibilities, and competencies required for a particular job. In various organizations, job analysis serves as the foundation for HR planning, recruitment, selection, employee placement, and performance evaluation. However, research on job analysis remains scattered across various studies focused on specific organizational contexts, necessitating a literature synthesis to gain a more comprehensive understanding of research developments in this field. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the development of research on job analysis and identify its role and contributions to human resource management. This study employed a literature review method by searching for scientific articles in the Google Scholar database using the Publish or Perish (PoP) application with the keyword “job analysis.” The initial search yielded 30 scientific articles, which were then screened based on topic relevance, open access, and publication years ranging from 2020-2026, resulting in 16 articles selected for further analysis. The findings indicate that the literature on job analysis can be grouped into three main themes: the role of job analysis in human resource management, its contribution to improving employee performance and productivity, and its implementation in employee placement and organizational governance. Overall, job analysis has proven to be a strategic tool for enhancing the effectiveness of human resource management. Further research is recommended to examine the implementation of job analysis in greater depth across various organizational contexts to enrich the development of human resource management theory and practice.

This study analyzes the reconstruction of Human Rights (HR) in Indonesia through the integration of Pancasila values and Islamic Religious Education (IRE) within the framework of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence. In the Indonesian context, human rights are not merely perceived as universal individual liberties, but are understood within broader philosophical, religious, and socio-cultural dimensions. Pancasila functions as the foundational framework that harmonizes individual rights with social responsibilities, while Islamic teachings provide normative and theological foundations through principles such as maqasid al-shari‘ah, justice (‘adl), and human dignity (karamah insaniyyah), as well as Qur’anic values of tolerance and moderation (tasamuh and wasatiyyah). This research adopts a qualitative method with a descriptive approach based on literature review, drawing upon various scholarly sources related to human rights, Islamic education, and sociological jurisprudence. The findings reveal that the integration of Pancasila and Islamic Religious Education generates a comprehensive understanding of human rights that is both normative and contextual. Moreover, empirical findings indicate that a deeper comprehension of Qur’anic teachings on tolerance is positively correlated with the development of moderate and inclusive attitudes, thereby highlighting the significant role of education in internalizing human rights values. Additionally, the historical transition from pre-Islamic (Jahiliyyah) society to the Islamic era demonstrates that Islamic teachings function as an agent of social transformation by promoting justice, equality, and the protection of marginalized groups. From the perspective of Islamic Sociological Jurisprudence, law is viewed as a dynamic system that must remain responsive to evolving social conditions, ensuring that the reconstruction of human rights remains relevant and adaptable. In conclusion, the synergy between Pancasila values, Islamic teachings, and sociological legal approaches contributes to the formation of a more inclusive, balanced, and culturally grounded human rights paradigm in Indonesia.

Bariatric surgery is effective in treating obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, pregnancy occurring within 12–24 months after surgery carries significant risks. This report presents a complex pregnancy case in a patient with a history of sleeve gastrectomy, post-hemithyroidectomy hypothyroidism, and T2DM. A 29-year-old primigravida conceived 2 months after undergoing sleeve gastrectomy, which successfully induced T2DM remission, with HbA1c decreasing from 11% to 5.5%. Although glycemic control and euthyroid status were maintained throughout pregnancy, the patient developed severe preeclampsia at 35–36 weeks of gestation, complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and oligohydramnios. An emergency cesarean section delivered a male infant weighing 2000 grams with Apgar scores of 8 and 9 at the first and fifth minutes, respectively. The neonate required 14 days of NICU care due to respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, and hyperbilirubinemia. Maternal gestational weight gain was suboptimal at only 4 kg, below the recommended range for pregnant women with obesity. This case highlights the importance of adhering to the recommended surgery-to-conception interval following bariatric surgery. Early pregnancy after surgery, combined with multiple metabolic comorbidities, may contribute to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Multidisciplinary management, comprehensive nutritional monitoring, and optimization of comorbidities before conception are essential to improve pregnancy outcomes in this population.

The optimal therapeutic impact of local vaginal drug delivery systems is strongly influenced by the physical characteristics balance of Solid Vaginal Suppositories. A comprehensive review regarding the comparison of mechanical profiles, specifically melting time and crushing strength parameters, from various base classifications constitutes the primary objective of this literature research. The implementation of a Literature Review study design was executed through the extraction of empirical data from twelve experimental journals published within the last ten years. Excessively rapid phase transformation characteristics at physiological basal temperatures and low compression resistance were consistently demonstrated by lipophilic bases such as Oleum Cacao. The risk of structural deformation during the distribution process is highly susceptible to unmodified lipid preparations. High surface elasticity accompanied by a delay in molecular hydration duration reaching 120 minutes was recorded in the utilization of Glycerinated Gelatin Base. Structural rigidity exceeding 4 kgF and disintegration time efficiency under 60 minutes were optimally demonstrated by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Base. An enhancement in mechanical resistance against external shocks during the storage period is offered by the thorough modification of the synthetic polymer ratios. Therefore, the determination of the PEG base as the most optimal material is recommended to maintain the quality stability of pharmaceutical products. Compendial regulation standards regarding the physical strength testing of pharmaceutical preparations must be obeyed by every institution to ensure long-term treatment effectiveness. Thus, the alignment between active substance release duration and physical preparation endurance can be realized for absolute patient comfort.

The expansion of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the food service sector presents a significant opportunity to simultaneously advance entrepreneurial development and address food security challenges among Indonesia’s urban population. This study conducts a comprehensive feasibility assessment of an MSME-based ready-to-eat (RTE) food security catering business, evaluating its viability across five dimensions: market, technical, organizational, financial, and social-environmental feasibility. A descriptive-quantitative research design was employed, incorporating primary data collected from 200 prospective consumers and five MSME catering operators in the Bandung metropolitan area, supplemented by secondary data from industry reports and government statistics. Financial feasibility was evaluated using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) analyses over a five-year projection horizon. Results indicate strong market demand, with 82.5% of surveyed consumers expressing interest in subscribing to healthy RTE catering services. Financial projections reveal a positive NPV of IDR 127,450,000, an IRR of 38.7% exceeding the cost of capital at 12%, a payback period of 2.4 years, and a BCR of 1.82, collectively affirming financial viability. The study concludes that an MSME-based RTE food security catering business is feasible and commercially promising, with important implications for MSME development policy, food security programs, and entrepreneurship support frameworks in Indonesia.

Drowning is one of the leading causes of accidental death worldwide and remains a major challenge in forensic investigations due to the complexity of determining the exact cause and mechanism of death. This study aimed to analyze forensic investigation methods used to determine the cause of death in drowning cases. The research employed a qualitative descriptive literature review approach by analyzing scientific articles, forensic journals, and medical references related to drowning investigations. Data were collected through literature searches from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Portal Garuda using keywords related to forensic drowning investigations. The findings indicate that forensic investigation in drowning cases requires a comprehensive approach involving external examination, autopsy, laboratory examination, histopathology, diatom analysis, toxicology, and crime scene investigation. Typical forensic findings include foam cone, washerwoman’s hands, cutis anserina, emphysema aquosum, and the presence of foreign materials in the respiratory and digestive tracts. Diatom examination and histopathological analysis also play important roles in strengthening the diagnosis of drowning. The study concludes that an integrated forensic investigation based on scientific evidence is essential to accurately determine the cause and manner of death in drowning cases and to support medicolegal processes in Indonesia.

Zakat and taxation are two important instruments in the life of society and the state, both of which aim to improve social welfare. However, in practice, the integration of zakat and taxation in Indonesia has not yet been fully realised, meaning that the potential of zakat as part of fiscal policy has not been optimally utilised. This study aims to examine the status of zakat within the legal system and public policy, the form of its integration into the tax system, and the various obstacles encountered in its implementation. This study employs a normative legal methodology using legislative, conceptual, and analytical approaches, and utilises secondary data analysed qualitatively. The research findings indicate that zakat has been recognised within the national legal system; however, it is still viewed as a religious obligation that coexists alongside taxation as a state obligation. The current integration remains limited to reductions in taxable income and has not yet demonstrated comprehensive coherence within fiscal policy. Furthermore, its implementation continues to face various obstacles from legal, institutional, technical, and fiscal perspectives, meaning it has not yet been effectively implemented.

Market levies are a regional taxation category that holds significant promise for increasing regional fiscal resources, complementing local tax revenues. The objectives of this study are; (1) Understanding the Communication Mechanism in the Implementation of Market Service Fee Policy in Gorontalo City. (2) Examination of Resource Availability in the Implementation of Market Service Tax Policy in Gorontalo. (3) Understanding the Bureaucratic Framework in the Implementation of Market Service Tax Policy in Gorontalo City. (4) Examination of the Implementation of Market Service Tax Policy Disposition in Gorontalo City. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. The results of this study indicate that the communication of market service fee policy has been carried out through systematic formal channels and is supported by a clear bureaucratic structure and division of tasks, but its implementation is still not optimal. This is caused by several obstacles, including unequal understanding and distribution of information among traders, limited resources in terms of both quantity and quality of human resources, budget, and inadequate market facilities. Furthermore, weak coordination and suboptimal implementation of SOPs in the field also impact work consistency, while the disposition or attitude of implementers who have demonstrated commitment but are not yet unified requires a more comprehensive strategic approach. Therefore, integrated efforts are needed, including improving the communication framework, strengthening human resource capacity, improving facilities, stricter supervision, and ongoing coaching to create more effective and professional policy implementation.

This research is motivated by the importance of understanding the development of the Kingdom of God in Indonesia as a reality present in the lives of the people through the values ​​of love, justice, and peace in a pluralistic society. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors that support and hinder the development of the Kingdom of God in Indonesia and explain its application in contemporary life. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method through a literature review and theological analysis of the social, cultural, and religious dynamics that are developing in Indonesian society. The results of the study indicate that the development of the Kingdom of God is supported by the role of the church in evangelistic missions, holistic services, universal values ​​of love and justice, and a spirit of religious moderation. On the other hand, this development is hampered by local cultural resistance, socio-political dynamics, a lack of comprehensive theological understanding, and the potential for conflict in poorly managed plurality. The implications of this research emphasize that the Kingdom of God needs to be lived as a contemporary reality through personal and social transformation, obedience to God's will, and the realization of identity as citizens of the Kingdom of God in everyday life.

Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare soft tissue tumor with deceptively benign histological features but significant potential for local recurrence and distant metastasis. Pelvic LGFMS is extremely uncommon and may mimic gynecological malignancies, leading to diagnostic challenges. This report describes a 39-year-old woman presenting with progressive abdominal enlargement, bloating, early satiety, and dyspnea. Physical and ultrasonographic examinations suggested a malignant ovarian tumor. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy without preoperative CT scan evaluation. Intraoperatively, multiple solid masses involving the intestines, mesentery, omentum, peritoneum, and ovaries were identified, with the largest measuring 20 × 15 cm. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of LGFMS. The absence of preoperative cross-sectional imaging contributed to diagnostic difficulty in this case. CT scan and MRI are important for evaluating tumor origin, tissue characteristics, and involvement of surrounding structures. Definitive diagnosis requires histopathology supported by immunohistochemistry, particularly MUC4, and molecular confirmation when available. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is essential to avoid misdiagnosis, optimize management, and improve long-term outcomes in patients with pelvic LGFMS.

This study is motivated by the dynamic changes in digital consumer behavior in e-commerce, particularly in the purchase of electronic products through the Tokopedia platform. The study aims to analyze and synthesize the influence of online reviews and product ratings on purchase decisions using a systematic literature review approach. The method involves a comprehensive examination of global and local scientific literature, with a focus on peer-reviewed journals and empirical studies published between 2021 and 2026. The findings indicate that online reviews and product ratings are capable of reducing consumer uncertainty as well as the functional risks associated with electronic products. Empirical evidence over the past decade suggests that high ratings can build initial confidence in brand quality, while detailed reviews provide crucial technical validation for potential buyers. Overall, these two indicators work synergistically to strengthen consumer trust and serve as key determinants in the final stage of the purchasing decision. The implications suggest that e-commerce platforms and sellers need to prioritize the management of user-generated content and maintain transparency in reputation to remain competitive in a market increasingly reliant on the credibility of online information.

Purpose Research on digitalization in Human Resource Management (HRM) has grown significantly alongside rapid digital transformation and organizational change. However, studies integrating systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis remain limited. This study aims to examine research trends and thematic developments related to digitalization in HRM through a hybrid systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis approach. Method This study employed a Systematic Literature Review based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines using data from the Scopus database with keywords related to digitalization and Human Resource Management. The initial search identified 2,497 documents, and after the screening process, 108 relevant articles were selected. Data were analyzed using VOSviewer to identify publication trends, keyword relationships, collaboration networks, and thematic clusters. Findings The findings indicate that research on digitalization in HRM increased significantly during 2018–2026. Dominant themes include digital transformation, artificial intelligence, e-HRM, innovation, Industry 4.0, sustainability, and organizational performance. Digitalization in HRM has evolved from administrative automation toward strategic organizational transformation supported by technology and data-driven decision making. Originality/value This study integrates systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of digitalization in HRM.