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In this chapter, we also discuss how human capital can be utilized in an organization. We show the important role of social and technological capital and how it can be attracted, developed, and maintained. We also discuss the role of technology in leveraging human resources. By discussing relatively simple means of using technology, such as email and networks where individuals can collaborate via personal computers. We also discuss more advanced uses of technology, for example advanced Management Systems. In the final section we also discussed the increasing importance of protecting a company's intellectual property.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness and influential factors in the application of technology-based attendance in supporting the work discipline of Civil Servants in Riau Islands. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the application of technology-based attendance application innovation has significant effectiveness in improving the work discipline of Civil Servants. With the technology-based attendance application, the attendance process becomes more efficient and accurate. Employees can perform attendance quickly and easily through electronic devices such as smartphones or computers, without the need to use manual attendance that is prone to manipulation. In addition, factors that influence the effectiveness of technology-based attendance application implementation include management support, employee training, and employee awareness of the importance of work discipline. Strong management support in implementing and supervising the use of technology-based attendance applications is an important factor in successful implementation. Employee training in the use of the application is also key to ensuring proper and effective use. In addition, employee awareness of the importance of work discipline also plays a role in the successful implementation of this innovation.  This research makes an important contribution to understanding the effectiveness of technology-based attendance application innovations in improving the work discipline of civil servants. The implication of this research is the importance of developing and implementing technological innovation in improving work efficiency and effectiveness in the public sector.

Schools, as educational facilities, have a crucial role in improving the quality and standards of national education to make it more advanced. In line with the introduction to PERMENDIKBUD No. 18 of 2019, the government provides compensation in the form of School Operational Assistance Funds (BOS) with the aim of helping fund school operational and non-personnel costs. Implementing school operational assistance is part of the state's responsibility to provide financing to the entire community and is an implementation of the mandate of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia to make the nation's life intelligent. Therefore, the author is interested in analyzing it in research entitled "Legal Responsibilities for Management of School Operational Assistance Funds at SD Negeri 1 Kunjeng, Gubug District" with the problem of what is the legal basis for managing School Operational Assistance Funds (BOS) at SD Negeri 1 Kunjeng and how? Legal responsibility for managing social assistance funds at SD N 1 Kunjeng, Gubug District. This research uses normative juridical which focuses on secondary data supported by the results of interviews and observations and analyzed qualitatively. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the legal basis for managing BOS funds at SD Negeri 1 Kunjeng is rooted in the 1945 Constitution, specifically Article 31B paragraphs (2) and (3), which requires the state to organize an equitable and high-quality national education system. UUSPN No. 20 of 2003 also becomes the legal basis with Article 50 paragraph (2) which requires the government to provide financial assistance for basic education. Technical instructions from PERMENDIKBUD No. 2 of 2022 provides detailed regulations regarding the management of BOS funds according to the needs of educational units, supporting the government's efforts to create equal and quality access to education. Legal responsibility for managing BOS funds at SD Negeri 1 Kunjeng is centered on the principal and the entire school. The 1945 Constitution requires the state to provide free basic education through a 9-year compulsory education program. BOS funds, as a state financial tool, are channeled directly to schools with the principles of flexibility and transparency

Archives for organizations or institutions have a role as a center for reminders, decision making, evidence and supervision, but many organizations or institutions have not maximized in records management and lack of awareness of archives so that it has an impact on retrieval of archives that are quite long and found to lose records resulting in decreased organizational performance and service quality. To overcome the condition, the Community Service Team held archive management training activities as a form of contribution to the community and helped partners overcome problems faced in organizations or institutions. The activity partners are 25 people from the Student Council Board of SMK Ma'arif NU Doro Pekalongan Regency. The method used is participatory and the material is delivered using the lecture method. This activity was welcomed by the Principal, Student Council Supervisor and Student Council Administrator because it could increase knowledge and skills for Student Council administrators in archive management. The student council board is very enthusiastic about participating in a series of activities and it is hoped that this activity can be sustainable.

PHBS is all health behavior carried out out of personal awareness so that the family and all its members are able to help themselves in the health sector and have an active role in community activities.This type of research uses qualitative research where this research uses questionnaires and interviews. This research design uses a phenomenology approach design, namely this approach seeks to reveal, study and understand the unique and unique phenomena and contexts experienced by individuals up to the level of belief of the individual concerned.Based on the research method carried out by the researcher, the researcher obtained the results that there were still some patient families who did not know what clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) was in the hospital and did not believe that in treating patients health workers always behaved in a clean and healthy lifestyle., Meanwhile, some patients already know about clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in hospitals and believe that when treating patients, health workers always behave in a clean and healthy way.    

The objective of this study is to explore the evolution of a collaborative learning framework involving educators and parents, aimed at enhancing student academic progress in elementary educational settings. A variety of scholarly articles and books serve as sources to inform the methodology employed. This model is devised to enhance parental engagement in the educational journey, with a specific emphasis on fostering effective communication between teachers and parents. Through this collaborative effort, the aspiration is to cultivate a conducive learning environment conducive to the comprehensive development of students. This research delineates the process of crafting this framework and underscores the pivotal roles of educators and parents in augmenting children's academic performance in elementary education. Based on the findings gleaned from the aforementioned research, it can be inferred that the collaboration between teachers and parents is imperative to bolster the educational process and propel students towards achieving their highest academic potential.

The differences in views between HKBP and GKII regarding Toba Batak wedding customs reflect a large debate in Lae Rias village, Sumbul District, Dairi Regency. This debate has made the people in Lae Rias less caring and less tolerant. The aim of this research is to examine the differences in views between HKBP Lae Rias Nauli and GKII Lae Rias regarding the marriage customs of the Toba Batak community in Lae Rias village, Sumbul District. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach method by conducting interviews with pastors, congregations living in HKBP Lae Rias Nauli and GKII Lae Rias. The data was analyzed to identify differences in views in their understanding of Toba Batak marriage customs. The research results showed that HKBP Lae Rias Nauli tended to maintain Toba Batak marriage customs. Meanwhile, GKII Lae Rias places greater emphasis on marriage without involving Toba Batak customs. There is a need for deeper dialogue between HKBP and GKII and the entire Toba Batak community in Lae Rias Village to achieve a better understanding of the role of custom in Christianity. It is also important to provide new knowledge to the younger generation about culture so that they can maintain and appreciate it because if understood properly and correctly, religion and culture complement each other.    

This research explores the role of innovative assignment design in enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes within the context of higher education. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative data from surveys of 120 students and 15 instructors of STIA Yappi Makassar across multiple institutions with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews with a selected subset of these participants. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between innovative assignment design and increased student engagement, as well as improved learning outcomes. Quantitatively, students exposed to innovative assignments reported higher engagement levels and better learning outcomes compared to their peers in traditional assignment settings. Qualitatively, themes emerged highlighting the benefits of practical application and relevance found in innovative assignments, alongside challenges such as the need for clearer guidelines and additional support. This study underscores the potential of innovative pedagogical strategies to create more engaging, relevant, and effective learning environments in higher education. It calls for educators to embrace and refine these approaches, addressing implementation challenges to fully realize their benefits. The research contributes to the broader discourse on educational quality and innovation, offering evidence-based recommendations for enhancing student engagement and success through pedagogical innovation.

This research is based on the fact that there are still OSIS administrators at SMPN 1 Ulakan Tapakis who have not been able to reflect good morals, this is because the OSIS supervisor teachers heve not provided provisions and approaches to OSIS administrators at SMPN 1 Ulakan Tapakis and there is a lack apptoach to OSIS administrators. This research aims to describe the role of the OSIS supervisor teacher in forming the moral character of the OSIS administrators at SMPN 1 Ulakan Tapakis. The research was conducted at SMPN 1 Ulakan Tapakis, Padang Pariaman regency. This research uses descriptive  research methods with a qualitative approach. The key informant in this research is the OSIS teacher, while the supporting informant is the OSIS administrator. Data collection techniques by means of beservation, interviews and documentation. The role of the OSIS supervisor teacher is very important in forming the moral character of the OSIS administrator. The role of the coaching teacher is as a guide (preceptor), providing motivation (Motivator) and providing evaluation (evaluator). Through various activities carried out by the OSIS in order to form moral character and be able to instill commendable values that exist in OSIS activites throught the form of IMTAQ development and good manners or noble morals. In order for the formation of akhlakul karimah character in OSIS administrators, it is not solely on the shoulders of religious teachers, but requires the role of the supervisor teacher as well as cooperation between the supervisor teacher and the OSIS administrators.

In the contemporary landscape of globalization, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face escalating challenges in navigating international markets. This research purpose to explore the pivotal role of human capital in propelling the internationalization of SMEs, particularly through the lens of digital marketing. The research methodology involved document analysis to understand global market dynamics and the key role of human capital in optimising digital marketing for international expansion. The main results show that investment in human capital development and digital capability enhancement are key factors in the successful internationalisation of SMEs. The findings provide an in-depth understanding of how SMEs can effectively utilise their human capital in the face of increasingly complex global market challenges. Overall, this article concludes that the integration of strong human capital with digital marketing strategies can contribute significantly to the successful internationalisation of SMEs and has important implications for the future development of SMEs in an era of globalization.

This article discussed the important role of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in the learning process. Critical thinking skills, creative, and problem-solving skills in the 21st century is essential to prepare competent young generation. Despite the rapid development of technology, Indonesia's PISA score is still very low. Improving the curriculum by prioritizing the development of HOTS-based skills can be a solution to deal with this phenomenon. The method which used in conducting this article is the literature study method. This method is used in collecting data, analyzing, and synthesizing the findings by specifying the topic of the role of HOTS in the learning process. The conclusion is that the integration of HOTS in learning is the key to preparing students who are able to think critically, creatively and solve problems that encountered in their environment.

Generation Z has unique characteristics compared to other generations. A generation that is always looking for references for something almost 24 hours a day via mobile technology and social networks. The aim of this research is to determine Generation Z's opinions on forming co-creation in coffee shop properties that are currently trending. In addition to the development of digital marketing and the growth of coffee shop  businesses in Indonesia, this generation is used to giving feedback and suggestions via social media or directly.The research method used utilizes literature studies and literature reviews from books, journals and previous consultancy research institutions. The results of the research  show that Generation Z plays a role and actively participates in the formation of co-creation in coffee shops, although Zero Consumers are said to be among those who do not care about the menu, price, quality, etc. hold. Brand, The atmosphere in the cafeteria.

The aim of this research is to determine the level of importance of fiscal policy in supporting sustainable development and maintaining the stability of the Indonesian economy. The definition of fiscal policy is a series of actions taken by the government to maintain the stability of state expenditure and income with the aim of encouraging healthy economic growth. where in carrying out these actions the instruments used include: taxes, spending, public bonds and budget allocations. The research method used is a literature study of articles, journals and documents relevant to fiscal policy starting from taxation, APBN public bonds and budget allocations.. The data used is data from two previous researchers and financial projection data originating from credible government publications. The results obtained show that the important role of fiscal policy in supporting sustainable development is the government's right to regulate state revenues and expenditures in order to maintain the stability of the country's economy.

Peranan UMKM di Indonesia termasuk salah satu yang terpenting karena UMKM dapat menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan yang akan mengurangi pengangguran yang ada di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya peningkatan dan pengembangan UMKM dalam perekonomian nasional dilakukan dengan mendorong intensitas kewirausahaan kepada para pelakunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kreativitas, inovasi dan lingkungan eksternal terhadap keberhasilan usaha pada UMKM Sekarwangi Snack di Kelurahan Pudakpayung. Penelitian ini merupakan kausalitas studi, dengan pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada seluruh pelaku UMKM Sekarwangi Snack di Desa Pudakpayung dengan total sampel yaitu 51 responden. Sampel yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus. Teknik analisis dengan metode regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel kreativitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dengan keberhasilan usaha. Inovasi berpengaruh positif terhadap keberhasilan usaha. Lingkungan eksternal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keberhasilan usaha. The role of MSMEs in Indonesia is one of the most important because MSMEs can create jobs which will reduce unemployment in Indonesia. One of the efforts to increase and develop MSMEs in the national economy is to encourage entrepreneurial intensity among the perpetrators. This research aims to determine the influence of creativity, innovation and the external environment on business success at Sekarwangi Snack MSMEs in Pudakpayung Village. This research is a causality study, with data collection carried out by distributing questionnaires to all Sekarwangi Snack MSMEs in Pudakpayung Village with a total sample of 51 respondents. The sample obtained in this research used the census method. Analysis technique using multiple linear regression method. The results of this research show that the creativity variable has a positive and significant effect on business success. Innovation has a positive effect on business success. The external environment has a positive and significant effect on business success.

This research aims to explore how teachers of Christian Religious Education (PAK) contribute to shaping the character of adolescents aged 11-14 in the context of the digital era. Based on the findings of this article, there are several fundamental issues, including adolescents who are addicted to online games while watching inappropriate video content. Through understanding these core issues, this writing aims to provide education and enlightenment through the teaching of Christian Religious Education. Using a qualitative study method and phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers experienced in teaching adolescents in the digital era. Therefore, it is hoped that Christian Religious Education teachers will diligently carry out their duties in accordance with the goals of education and learning, namely to shape and produce generations with good morality, responsibility, and exhibit characters in line with Christ's teachings. Additionally, the emotional relationship between teachers and students is also recognized as an important factor in shaping adolescent character. These findings provide better understanding for educators and policymakers about the importance of the teacher's role in addressing the challenges of character formation in the digital age.      

There has been delinquency among some students at SMP Negeri 2 Sompak. Examples of student delinquency that often occur are skipping school during class hours, smoking during class hours or outside class hours, and not having responsibility for doing school work or homework given by the teacher. Therefore, Christian religious education teachers are needed to educate, teach and guide students so that acts of delinquency do not occur again. The aim of the research is to explain the importance of PAK teachers in overcoming the delinquency of Christian students at SMP Negeri 2 Sompak so that students become role models for their family, church and the Indonesian nation they love. The author uses qualitative research methods using observation, interviews, documentation and literature techniques. The results found were that if PAK teachers were more committed and responsible in dealing with the delinquency of Christian students, then Christian students would increasingly experience changes in their lives from acts of delinquency. Conclusion: Religious Education teachers who serve at SMP Negeri 2 Sompak must be committed and responsible in overcoming the delinquency of Christian students at SMP Negeri 2 Sompak so that students are able to show commendable attitudes in family, church, national and state life now and forever.

This study reviews the pastoral counseling model approach in dealing with children with special needs using the perspective of Philippians 4:13. In this study the author uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study method. Children with special needs refer to children who face various forms of physical, mental, emotional or learning limitations. In this context, a pastoral counseling approach is applied with the principle that everything can be borne through God-given strength. A deep understanding of the condition of children with disabilities, a holistic approach that pays attention to physical, emotional, mental and spiritual aspects, and self-strengthening through spiritual beliefs are the main focus in dealing with children with disabilities. The conclusion of this study confirms that the pastoral counseling approach in the context of Philippians 4:13 provides a solid foundation in guiding and supporting children with disabilities, emphasizing the integration of spiritual beliefs, holistic understanding of the child's condition, and providing comprehensive support. This research encourages educational practitioners to carry out their roles with sincerity and humility, and to pay attention to the needs and development of children with special needs.

Management accounting information systems as systems that play a role in helping predict the possible consequences of several alternative actions taken in various activities such as planning, controlling and decision making are useful in helping managers fulfill their contribution in achieving managerial performance. The performance measurement system shows the relationship between the plans that have been set by the company and the results achieved which will provide information about the achievement of implementing a plan. Reward system as a motivator for employees in realizing company goals. This research aims to find out whether the implementation of a management accounting information system, performance measurement system, and reward system simultaneously influences managerial performance. The approach used is a quantitative approach. The location of this research was carried out at PT. BBI (Boma Bisma Indra) Indonesia whose address is Jalan Pulau Pinang VI-VII, KIM II, Medan, the population in this study were all employees totaling 53 people. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling where the entire population of 53 people was sampled and The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this research are that in this research, the Management Accounting Information System partially has a positive and significant effect on the Managerial Performance of PT BBI (Boma Bisma Indra). In this research, the performance measurement system partially has a positive and significant effect on the managerial performance of PT. BBI (Boma Bisma Indra). In this research, the reward system partially has a positive and significant effect on the managerial performance of PT BBI (Boma Bisma Indra). In this study the independent variables consisting of the management accounting information system, performance measurement system, reward system together influence the performance of PT BBI (Boma Bisma Indra) employees.

Pre-operative odontectomy knowledge can reduce anxiety, prepare the patient physically and mentally, and facilitate pre-operative preparation. Anxiety can affect the surgical process. The role of nurses as educators is important to reduce anxiety by providing information about health, side effects of disease, and post-operative activities. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between the role of nurses as educators and the anxiety level of pre-operative odontectomy patients at Hospital X, South Jakarta. The research method is observational analytic with a cross sectional design with a population of pre-operative odontectomy patients at Hospital X, South Jakarta and a sample size of 30 respondents. Data collection techniques use questionnaires and observational sheets. Data analysis used the Spearman Rank Correlation technique. The research results showed that the majority of nurses' roles were in the good category (63.3%) and the sufficient category (36.7%). Meanwhile, the majority of patients' anxiety levels were in the mild category (66.7%), moderate anxiety levels (20.0%) and severe anxiety levels (6.7%). The results of the Spearman-rank analysis test showed a p value <0.001, which means there is a significant relationship between the role of nurses as educators and the level of anxiety in pre-operative odontectomy patients at Hospital X, South Jakarta. The conclusion of the research is that there is a significant relationship between the role of nurses as educators and the level of anxiety in pre-operative odontectomy patients at Hospital X, South JakartaJakarta..

This article discusses the importance of public health education in preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. By evaluating educational programs aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles, the research highlights effective strategies for increasing awareness and behavioral change among populations. The findings suggest that targeted public health education initiatives can play a crucial role in reducing the prevalence of NCDs and improving overall community health.