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The existence of problems Incompletion and weak achievement of students' learning at SMA Sint Louis Semarang is caused one only by the lack of attention of some students towards PAK learning material the research aims to: 1) To find out the use of the snowball throwing method has achieved completeness results in the Sint Lous High School students in the independent learning curriculum 2) To find out the influence of the aspect of independence on the use of the snowball throwing method on the learning achievement of the participants Sint Louis High School students in the independent learning curriculum 3) To find out the effectiveness of achievement learning using the snowball throwing method for class X Sint Louis High School Semarang in the Independent learning Curriculum. To get answers to these problems researchers used research methods quantitative experiments. By using independence instruments. The population in this research is all students in class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. With the sample used being all students of class posttest The results obtained were the difference between the average pretest score of 40 and after the posttest the average was 95. Therefore, it is concluded that PAK learning in the independent curriculum using the snowball method throwing rocky modules is effective on the learning achievement of students class X SMA Sint Louis Semarang. Suggestions it is necessary to add other methods so that the learning process in class is not monotonous and is able to encourage student activity    

This study explores the central and strategic role of families in shaping the faith foundation of their children by viewing the family as a “little church”. This concept emphasizes the importance of the family environment in shaping children's religious beliefs and practices. The purpose of this study is to ultimately discover what are the roles of families in shaping and building the foundation of children's faith. The study also aims for families to have an overview of their existence in a “small church”. This study uses a qualitative methodology by focusing on analyzing the phenomenon of today's family from the perspective of the Ecclesiastical Document Series No. 30 FAMILIARIS CONSORTIO. Through a qualitative approach, we investigated how families play a major role in strengthening the faith of their children through various daily religious practices, Bible study, prayer, and participation in joint religious activities. Our findings highlight the importance of parents' role as faith models and spiritual educators for their children, as well as the close relationship between family interactions and the formation of children's faith foundation. The practical implications of this study emphasize the need for church support for families in strengthening their central role in guiding children's faith development.      

As a substitute for parents in school, the role of Catholic Religious Education (PAK) teachers is crucial in guiding and nurturing students to avoid behaviors that may lead them towards inappropriate social interactions. This research is significant to understand the role of Catholic Religious Education (PAK) teachers in shaping the faith of Catholic students at SD Negeri 045957 Suka, Kabupaten Karo. The research methodology employed is qualitative, involving observations, interviews, and document analysis. Data was collected through observing PAK teachers' activities, interviewing teachers, the school principal, other subject teachers, and students, as well as analyzing documents related to the Catholic religious curriculum. The research was conducted at SD Negeri 045957 Suka in the sixth grade over a period of three months. The findings indicate that the creative and in-depth teaching methods of PAK teachers are effective in strengthening students' faith through prayer, Bible teachings, and active participation in church worship. The results underscore the need for enhanced teacher training in deep teaching approaches and the integration of Catholic values into daily school activity.

Holiness is the key to salvation in Christianity because salvation is the main goal in Christianity, but in achieving salvation it takes holiness of life as the key for someone to be saved as written in the book of Hebrews 14: 12 that without holiness no one will see God. The writing of this article uses a descriptive qualitative approach using the literature study method which is carried out by collecting various writings, both contained in print media, theses, articles, journals, papers, and others that are relevant to the material discussed in this article. in achieving holiness, a process is needed in achieving it, so one of the steps in achieving holiness is to control the tongue because the Bible notes that who can control his tongue is perfect, the conclusion is that by practicing controlling our tongue / words every day will help us achieve holiness by keeping the tongue from being used to say things related to sin.    

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Ice Breaking Technique on the Learning Motivation of Class VIII Students at One Roof Middle School Negeri 5 Pangururan in Christian Religious Education and Character Education Subjects for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The research method used is a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design type in the form of a One Shot Case Study. The population is all 102 class VIII students at One Roof 5 Public Middle School in Pangururan for the 2023/2024 academic year and a sample of 41 people was determined using random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 28 items, namely 12 items for variable Negeri 5 Pangururan Subjects of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for the 2023/2024 Academic Year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test, obtained a value of rxy = 0.456> rtable(α=0.05,n=41)=0.308. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained a value of tcount= 3.200> ttable (α =0.05, dk=n-2=39)= 2.021. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 20.8%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount> Ftable=( α =0.05, dk numerator k=15, dk denominator=n-2=41-2=39) namely 10.24>1.92. Thus Ha accepted and H0 rejected.

This article highlights the important role of catechism in developing the faith of young Catholics in the modern era. This study uses a theological analytical discourse methodology to analyze the role of catechism as a medium for building faith. Catechesis is a means used by the Church to communicate the teachings of faith to the people. Through catechesis, the Church can provide effective accompaniment of faith to young people. This study focuses on the problems faced by young people today. They are the next generation of the Church who need special attention because they are very vulnerable to being influenced by the fast and swift currents of modernity. Therefore, an effective assistance effort is needed for them. The research findings show that young people, who are in a period of searching for identity, tend to get bored easily and are quickly satisfied. In this context, catechesis as a form of faith formation is an effective choice and responsive to the lifestyle of today's youth. Through catechesis, young people can gain a deeper understanding of the teachings of the faith, strengthen their relationship with God and develop a strong Christian identity. Digital catechesis, which combines technology with messages of faith, can be a relevant and attractive medium for young people. In conclusion, digital catechesis has a significant role in developing the faith of young Christians. In facing the challenges of modern times, the Church needs to use catechesis as an effective strategy to assist young people in strengthening their faith. By utilizing technology and adapting the right content, digital catechism can be an effective tool in forming a young generation who are firm in their faith and ready to face the changing times.    

This article aims to carry out a systematic review of the existing literature regarding the model of Catholic religious education with a plural perspective in fostering religious tolerance in Indonesia. This research uses bibliographical tables which consist of several references relevant to the topics discussed. The method used is qualitative research with a literature review design which includes a search strategy, selection of articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, finding the main themes, analysis, and synthesis. The findings from this study will provide a comprehensive understanding of the Catholic religious education model with a pluralistic perspective and its role in fostering religious tolerance in Indonesia. The conclusions from this literature analysis will provide recommendations for the development of religious education that is oriented towards the values ​​of religious tolerance.    

The Ministry of Education and Culture in 2022 presents challenges in the education sector. The problem was solved by the government by making the Freedom to Learn Program policy. The purpose of this study: to analyze the time allocation and the theme of the choice of implementation of the P5 independent curriculum and to analyze the principles, benefits, design implementation and management strategy of the P5 independent curriculum at SD Marsudirini Gedangan, Semarang. The method is qualitative with a case study approach, research data uses primary data, data collection techniques by observation, observation, recording observations, and structured interviews, data validity techniques by triangulation of data sources. The findings are that the independent learning curriculum is quite fun and does not make it difficult for teachers and students at SD Marsudirini Gedangan. Uncertainty was felt when the teachers did not know the process for implementing the main harvest in December 2022 and there was no BOS allocation fund to support project implementation. The implication of this research is to provide an overview of the implementation of a fun independent learning curriculum, so that in the 2023/2024 academic year schools are increasingly ready to implement the full learning independent curriculum.    

This paper focuses on examining the participation of priests through catechesis on social media. In this paper will be described the concrete steps of the priest in developing and growing the faith of Christians in this day and age. This paper finds that the participation of priests through social media is an important and urgent effort for the development and development of the people's faith. This is considered important, because in this day and age, the faithful are directly in the scope of social media whose development is difficult to stem. Be aware of it. This study seeks to remind priests to return to the nature of the ministry as priests through one concrete step, namely catechesis to Christians. Catechesis is a relevant tool in maintaining, growing and strengthening the faith of the people. The concrete way that can be done is to conduct activities to introduce the Holy Scriptures, and pray with the Holy Scriptures in lectio divina activities, and provide liturgical education. All these activities are done through social media. This concrete step is considered to be very helpful for the growth and maturity of faith. The research method used is literature analysis. The results of this study in the form of increasing the spirit of real participation of the priest for the life of the faith of the people, well maintained Christian faith in the midst of the challenges of increasingly rapid technological development, until it comes to the maturity of the perfect faith.

This study aims to analyze religious moderation from the perspective of Pope Francis' synodality. The researcher will use Pope Francis' framework on synodality to explore the paradigm of religious moderation in Indonesia and reveal its relevance to the socio-religious dimension of Indonesian society. Through the idea of ​​synodality, Pope Francis offers a more inclusive way of living the faith. Researchers will utilize qualitative methods with a descriptive-analytical approach. Research on this theme will be carried out first by dissecting the conceptual study of religious moderation and explaining the essence of synodality then offering a conception of religion inclusively as a path towards religious moderation. From this study, researchers found that religious moderation can be applied in society if religious people also participate actively in developing creative, innovative, and transformative new ways. In this context, every religion needs to be given the opportunity to reveal its characteristics in diversity.

Student learning engagement plays a crucial role in character development, especially at the elementary school level. To foster a positive learning environment and encourage active participation, active learning approaches based on games are considered effective. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the active learning model using word-building games and the learning engagement of third-grade students at SDN 3 Jepang, Kudus Regency. The research was motivated by the low level of student participation, which is still dominated by conventional teaching methods. A correlational quantitative approach was used, with a population consisting of all 20 third-grade students, who were also taken as the sample through total sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire to measure learning engagement and observation of the implementation of the word-building game model. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for normality testing, and since one of the variables was not normally distributed, the data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed a correlation coefficient of r = -0.097 with a significance value of 0.686 (> 0.05), indicating no significant relationship between the word-building game model and student engagement. Other factors such as individual learning styles or classroom atmosphere may influence student engagement. Nonetheless, this model still holds potential and should be further developed to align with elementary students' characteristics.

This article examines the Banjar folk song entitled "Paris Barantai," which is a work of H. Anang Ardiansyah and has been rearranged by Ken Steven. This song raises the theme of love and deep longing for one's hometown and loved ones, while also depicting the natural beauty of Kotabaru, South Kalimantan. This study applies a qualitative method with a literature study approach, aiming to analyze the social and cultural values contained in the song and their influence on the identity of the Banjar community. The results of the study show that the song "Paris Barantai" contains various life values, such as mutual cooperation, kinship, religiosity, loyalty, and respect for culture and the environment. Furthermore, this song functions as a means of preserving the Banjar language and as a medium for disseminating the moral and cultural values of the Banjar community. As one of the regional musical works, "Paris Barantai" not only serves as entertainment, but also as a symbol of identity and cultural expression that strengthens social solidarity and introduces the richness of local culture to the national level.

Price fluctuations in agricultural commodities, including cocoa, are a common phenomenon that can be influenced by a variety of factors such as global market demand, seasonality, production volume, weather conditions, and product quality. These dynamic changes in prices can create uncertainty and directly impact the economic stability of farming households, especially in rural areas where agriculture is the primary source of income. This study aims to analyze the effect of cocoa price fluctuations on the welfare level of farmer households in Kaleok Village, Binuang Sub-district, Polewali Mandar Regency. The research adopts a descriptive quantitative approach with a field survey method to capture the lived experiences of cocoa farmers facing price instability. Primary data were gathered using a structured questionnaire based on a Likert scale from 74 respondents, selected through the Slovin formula to ensure representativeness. The data were analyzed using simple linear regression to determine the relationship between price volatility and welfare indicators such as income stability, access to education, healthcare, housing conditions, and overall quality of life. The findings reveal that cocoa price fluctuations significantly affect the welfare of farmer households. Higher fluctuations tend to reduce income certainty, limit household spending, and hinder long-term economic planning. These results emphasize the need for policy interventions such as price support mechanisms, farmer cooperatives, access to market information, and financial literacy programs. Ensuring price stability and strengthening institutional support could play a vital role in improving the economic resilience and living standards of cocoa farmers. This study contributes to the broader discourse on rural development, agricultural economics, and poverty reduction in Indonesia.

The increasing consumer awareness of environmental issues has encouraged culinary Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to adopt green marketing strategies as an effort to build competitive advantage. Bandung City, as a creative city with strong local culinary potential, is the focus of this study to analyze the implementation of green marketing in the MSME culinary sector. This study aims to analyze the utilization of green marketing by local-based culinary MSMEs in Bandung, identify the driving and inhibiting factors of its implementation, and measure its impact on business performance. The research applied a qualitative approach by conducting a survey with 150 culinary MSMEs and in-depth interviews with 20 business owners. The findings indicate that 68% of MSMEs have implemented at least one green marketing element, focusing primarily on the use of environmentally friendly packaging (72%) and local raw materials (65%). The main driving factors were consumer demand (78%) and government regulations (56%), while the primary barriers included limited capital (65%) and lack of knowledge (58%). Although the implementation of green marketing among culinary MSMEs in Bandung is still in its early stages, the trend is positive. Government and institutional support is needed to enhance MSMEs’ capacity in developing sustainable marketing strategies. 

This study aims to analyze the effect of recruitment, training, and work environment on employee performance at PT Federal International Finance Surabaya Rajawali Branch. This research employs a quantitative method with a survey approach. The sample consists of 41 respondents selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were processed using SPSS version 29.0, including instrument tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing.The results reveal that simultaneously, recruitment, training, and work environment significantly influence employee performance. Partially, training has a significant impact on employee performance, whereas recruitment and work environment show no significant influence. These findings highlight that relevant training programs can enhance employee skills and productivity. Thus, training becomes a crucial factor for companies to focus on in improving employee performance.

The government's efforts to reduce domestic violence (KDRT) in North Maluku Province have been carried out, among others, through the implementation of women’s empowerment programs. This study aims to examine whether the Gender Empowerment Index (IDG), Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) percapita, women's involvement in home-based industries (IR), and the intensity of domestic violence socialization programs have a significant effect on domestic violence rates across districts/cities in North Maluku. This research utilizes panel data regression analysis with data spanning the years 2016–2024. The data were processed using Microsoft Excel and STATA14 software. The findings indicate that the increased participation of women in the economic and political sectors has not yet fully translated into a reduction in domestic violence, largely due to persistent social norms and patriarchal values within households. This suggests that economic factors alone are not sufficient to explain the prevalence of domestic violence. However, women's involvement in home-based industries was found to significantly improve their economic independence and bargaining power within the household. Furthermore, consistent government-led domestic violence awareness campaigns have proven effective in enhancing protection mechanisms for women at risk. In conclusion, the study finds that the Gender Empowerment Index (IDG) and GRDP per capita do not have a statistically significant impact on domestic violence rates. Conversely, women's participation in home-based industries and domestic violence socialization efforts are significantly associated with reductions in domestic violence in North Maluku Province.

This study aims to analyze how financial literacy and the frequency of use of financial technology (fintech) services affect the financial management patterns of students in the Economics Education Study Program at Universitas PGRI Wiranegara. The digitalization era has changed the way students manage their finances, which now combine traditional financial understanding with the implementation of digital technology innovations. This research uses a quantitative method with an explanatory approach, involving respondents selected through random stratification to ensure balanced representation. Data collection uses a Likert scale questionnaire instrument, while data analysis applies a multiple linear regression model. Empirical results prove that financial literacy and fintech utilization both have a significant and positive impact on students' financial management patterns. Together, these two factors can explain most of the variation in respondents' financial behavior. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating fundamental financial knowledge with the ability to adapt to digital technology as a foundation for forming effective financial management competencies in the modern era. In terms of implementation, the results of this study suggest strengthening the economics education curriculum that includes learning digital financial literacy and the use of fintech services that are wise and ethical.

This community service program at the Class I Correctional Facility SAE L’SIMA Malang was designed to address the urgent need for effective vocational skills development among inmates through productive poultry farming activities. One of the key challenges in poultry farming is the low success rate of egg hatching when relying on conventional, manually operated incubators that often lack precise temperature and humidity control. To overcome this problem, the program introduced the development and implementation of an automatic incubator system as a technological innovation to support both learning and productivity. The program employed a participatory approach, beginning with preliminary site surveys to identify existing resources and limitations within the correctional facility. Subsequently, the team carried out the design and assembly of an automatic egg incubator equipped with a digital system to monitor and regulate temperature and humidity levels. Functional testing was conducted using both chicken and duck eggs to ensure reliability and applicability across different types of poultry. In addition to the incubator prototype, the program also produced a practical user manual to guide inmates in operating and maintaining the equipment independently. The results demonstrated that the automatic incubator significantly improved the hatching success rate compared to traditional manual methods, despite initial challenges such as limited availability of components, restricted funding, and the reliance on outdated manual equipment. The inmates showed high levels of participation and adaptability in learning the operation of the new system, highlighting the potential of this program to enhance not only technical competence but also self-confidence. In conclusion, this initiative successfully integrated vocational training with technological innovation, offering a sustainable and practical solution for small to medium-scale poultry operations. Beyond improving technical skills, the program has broader social implications by equipping inmates with marketable competencies that can support their reintegration into society and contribute to their economic independence after release.

The correctional facility SAE L’SIMA in Malang is confronted with two major challenges: the environmental impact of accumulated cow manure and the need to provide meaningful vocational training for inmates to support rehabilitation and reintegration. This community service program was designed to address both issues simultaneously through the introduction and application of biogas technology. The primary objective was to manage livestock waste as an alternative renewable energy source while equipping inmates with practical technical skills applicable beyond the correctional setting. The implementation method employed a participatory approach that involved several stages, including program socialization, site survey, biogas unit design, assembly of a small-scale digester, and subsequent monitoring and evaluation.The results demonstrated that the biogas unit was successfully constructed and operational; however, gas production levels remained below optimal standards. Key challenges identified included unstable temperature conditions, which negatively affected the fermentation process, and technical problems such as leakage in the piping system. These obstacles limited the overall effectiveness of gas generation. Despite these limitations, the project provided significant outcomes. First, it created a working model of sustainable energy generation within the correctional environment. Second, it delivered valuable vocational training for inmates, offering them both theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience in renewable energy technology. Furthermore, the program encouraged inmate participation, fostering teamwork, responsibility, and problem-solving skills that are essential for personal development.In conclusion, although technical barriers remain, this initiative succeeded in establishing the foundation for sustainable waste management and renewable energy application within a correctional facility. More importantly, it highlights the potential of biogas technology not only as an environmental solution but also as a rehabilitative vocational training tool. Continued monitoring, process optimization, and technical refinements are essential for achieving long-term success and scalability of this model in similar institutional contexts.

Bullying is a social and psychological issue that frequently occurs in elementary school settings, including madrasah ibtidaiyah. This behavior negatively affects students’ emotional, social, and academic development. This community service program aimed to provide anti-bullying education to elementary school students through interactive and Islamic value-based approaches. Activities included educational sessions, group discussions, role-playing, moral reflections, and class agreements against bullying. The program revealed students’ enthusiasm in identifying bullying behavior and understanding the importance of mutual respect. It also encouraged collective commitment through a child-friendly classroom declaration. This initiative is expected to contribute to building a safe, inclusive, and supportive school environment for holistic student development.