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Problems that occur in children with mental retardation are weakness or inability in children accompanied by limited ability to fulfill independence. Support and acceptance from each family member will provide energy and confidence in mentally retarded children to make more efforts to improve every ability they have. Based on data obtained from the Social Service of West Sumatra Province (2020) there were 10,390 people with mental retardation. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors related to the independence of mentally retarded children at SLBN 1 Padang in 2024. The type of research is descriptive analytical with a cross sectional study design carried out at SLBN 1 Padang from Januari to April 2024. The population in this study were parents who cared for mentally retarded children at SLB N 1 Padang totaling 70 parents. The data is processed by editing, entry, coding and cleaning steps. Univariate analysis with frequency distribution and bivariate analysis with Chi Square statistical test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that 52.5% of children with mental retardation with less independence, 37.5% with poor knowledge, 56.3% with poor attitudes, 55.0% with poor family support. There is a significant relationship between attitude and children's independence (p-value = 0.000), between family support and children's independence (p-value = 0.048), and there is no relationship between parental knowledge and children's independence. (p-value = 0.083 ). Someone with a high attitude, knowledge, and family support will be more successful in dealing with and overcoming the problem compared to someone who receives a low attitude, knowledge, and family support. It is hoped that teachers and families will be able to provide examples of independent behavior that can be applied by students, both at home and at school.

Qiroah as one of the branches of tajweed science plays an important role in ensuring that every santri can read the Qur'an with tartib, correctly, and beautifully. The learning model developed in this service aims to provide santri with an understanding of the importance of tone and tartil when reading the Qur'an, using phonetic to improve the ability to control the santri's voice, and build santri confidence through reading the Qur'an in public with a good and correct tone. The research method used as the basis for this community service is Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) where TPQ students who already have an interest in reading the Qur'an can be developed to beautify the reading accompanied by tajweed science. The results of this community service inform to make some adjustments improve the quality of teaching and learning at TPQ Nurul Hidayah. The theory of phonetics and phonology can be implemented in Qiro'ah education.

Abstract This research is based on gap research in the form of differences in research results for each variable. This research aims to determine the influence of leadership, work environment, organizational culture, and punishment partially and simultaneously on work discipline at the Purbalingga Regency Population and Civil Registration Service. Determination of the sample using Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Data obtained through distributing questionnaires to research respondents totaling 67 people. The analysis used is multiple linear regression with least squares equations and hypothesis testing using t-count to test partial regression coefficients and F-count to test the effect simultaneously with a confidence level of 5%. The results of the research show that leadership and work environment punishment have a positive and significant effect on work discipline. Meanwhile, organizational culture has a negative and significant effect on work discipline. From the research results, it can be implied that the leadership of the Population and Civil Registration Service provides motivation to employees, provides a decent workplace, pays more attention to employees, and improves work discipline.

Company value is an important factor in determining the working conditions of an organization. Reflected through share prices as a form of company performance, company value is defined as a reflection of the appropriate and continuous policy setting by management so as to build market confidence in the company. The aim of the research was to understand and analyze the influence of carbon emission disclosure and green innovation on company value. The population in this research is all Sri-kehati indexed companies. Through a purposive sampling technique, the number of observations obtained in the 2020-2024 period was 84 companies. This research is included in the descriptive quantitative type category using secondary data. Annual report data is taken from www.idx.com or the company website. The technique for analyzing hypotheses applies multiple regression analysis. Research has proven that carbon emission disclosure has a positive effect on company value, and green innovation has a significant positive effect on company value. Simultaneously, disclosure of carbon emissions and green innovation influence company value..

The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the significance of the influence of communication, work discipline, organizational culture and compensation on employee performance at the Purbasari Pancuran Mas Purbalingga Educational Tourism Park. This type of research is quantitative, with a population of 100 employees. The sampling technique for this research used proportionate stratified random sampling to obtain a sample of 85 respondents. Data analysis techniques used include validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination, F test and t test. The analysis tool used is the SPSS statistical data processing application. The results of the research show that the variables of communication, work discipline, organizational culture and compensation have a positive and significant influence on the performance of employees at the Purbasari Pancuran Mas Purbalingga Educational Tourism Park. Based on the coefficient of determination of communication variables, work discipline, organizational culture and compensation have an influence of 61.20% on employee performance variables, while the remaining 38.80% is influenced by other variables. The implication of this research is that in an effort to continue to improve employee performance, management needs to implement appropriate policies in a way that maintains the communication process every day, increases employee work effectiveness, increases employee self-confidence and pays attention to the amount of incentives in accordance with work performance.

Behavioral economics has highlighted how cognitive biases influence financial decisionmaking, often leading to suboptimal outcomes. This paper explores the impact of behavioral biases such as overconfidence, loss aversion, and herding behavior on accounting and economic forecasting. By reviewing empirical evidence from market behavior, the study assesses how these biases affect financial reporting, auditing practices, and economic predictions. The paper concludes with recommendations for accountants and economists to incorporate behavioral insights into their practices to improve decisionmaking and forecasting accuracy.

This study explores the effectiveness of inquirybased learning (IBL) in enhancing problemsolving skills among high school students in mathematics. The research is based on a case study conducted in a school where IBL methods were incorporated into the curriculum. The findings suggest that students engaged in inquirybased activities showed improved critical thinking and problemsolving abilities compared to traditional teaching methods. This paper discusses the impact of IBL on students' motivation and their ability to approach complex mathematical problems with greater confidence.

This study seeks to assess the involvement of an independent fishing insurance scheme that can be printed in Sibolga City. This type of research is known for its qualitative description. To obtain data, monitoring, conducting interviews and accessing paper The findings show that the Mandari Independent Fishermen's Insurance Program, which is supervised by the Director of Fisheries, complies with the direction of the Director General. It would be reasonable to have confidence in the independent fishing insurance program for fishermen. Fishermen's participation is influenced by a number of variables, especially internal factors that encourage internal participation. This program definitely requires fishermen's participation. Communication is a component that influences fishermen's participation in the independent fishermen insurance program, because communication is the process of exchanging information. The community often interacts and communicates to get additional information about the implementation of the independent fishermen insurance program. In addition, the community will become familiar and feel the benefits of the development program through intensive communication. They benefit from the program because good communication can encourage them to participate more. Next, the level of education, which is an important component that encourages community participation. One of the factors that influences a person's attitude towards the existing independent fishermen's insurance program is their age. In addition, because the work of fishermen is clearly a very risky job, social solidarity is the reason fishermen participate in the independent fishermen's insurance program. When fishermen go to sea, there are many things that can threaten their lives, such as direct contact with unpredictable sea waves, ocean storms, attacks by wild animals, and a number of other dangers. Judging from the level of success of the implementation of the fishermen's insurance premium assistance program that is right on target and in accordance with the provisions of the disbursement and the cause of the incident of the recipient of assistance, this policy indicator can show that the implementation of this policy has been carried out well. From the community support indicator, it can be concluded that the community is very supportive and fully participates in accepting this policy.   Keywords: , 

Snack bar is a stick-shaped snack made from flour, seeds and nuts. This research aims to determine snack bar products made from a mixture of millet flour ad arrowroot flour with the addition of walnuts, including physical properties (L*a*b* color values), chemical properties (water, ash, fat, protein and crude fiber contents), and sensory properties based on hedonic test. This study was experimental using Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with the percentage ratio treatments of millet flour and arrowroot flour consisting of formula S1 ((20%:80%); S2(30%:70%); S3(40%:60%); and S4(50%:50%). The data obtained were processed using the Variance Analysis with a confidence level of 95% (α=0,05), and Duncan’s follow-up test. Snack bars have color values L* 41,660-52,580; color a* 6,6317-9,0667; color b* 19,9017-23,9667. The results of proximate analysis showed that snack bars contains 13,7176-17,8433 of water; 0,8459-1,4455% of ash; 5,8175-7,3264% of protein; 20,5320-24,2649% of fat; 48,7558-50,1120%; and 3,6339-5,1826% of crude fiber. Millet flour increases ash and protein content, but fat and crude fiber content decrease. Based on the hedonic test, it is known that panelists liked the taste and texture of S4 snack bar with an average score 3,94 and 3,68; while for the aroma in the treatment of S3 snack bar with an average score of 3,97 and the color in the treatment of S2 snack bar with an average score of 3,97 (hedonic test scale 1=very dislike, 2=dislike, 3=neutral, 4=like, 5=very like). Snack bars combination 30% millet flour:70% arrowroot flour have the best chemical characteristics (value 1,167) and the best sensory characteristics on snack bars from combination of 50% millet four:50% arrowroot flour (value 0,745) based on the DeGarmo effectiveness index test.

Management is a series of activities that include planning, organizing, directing and controlling organizational resources in order to achieve goals efficiently and effectively (Stoner, 2009). In this context, financial management training at Karmel Vocational School is a strategic step to prepare students to face the challenges of the digital era business world. Qualitative research through observations, interviews and documentation studies shows that this training has had a significant positive impact. Students gain an understanding of financial management, online marketing strategies, product innovation, and the use of digital platforms to build brand awareness and measure the effectiveness of marketing campaigns. Apart from that, this training succeeded in developing proactive, creative, innovative and adaptive attitudes which are important in the modern business world. The results of the training showed an increase in students' self-confidence to start an independent business, reduce dependence on formal work, and consider financial management as a career path . To increase effectiveness, it is recommended to expand the scope of training to include e-commerce and data analysis, strengthen partnerships with industry players, and integrate training into the vocational school curriculum. Thus, it is hoped that this training will be able to increase the competitiveness of Karmel Vocational School students, prepare them to face the dynamic business world, and support the sustainability of skills-based learning programs.

Bullying has long been a phenomenon haunting educational environments worldwide, with its impacts not only affecting the victims individually but also influencing the overall image of the school. Bullying can lead to a decline in academic achievement, loss of students' self-confidence, and even mental health disorders among victims. Additionally, bullies themselves may experience negative consequences, such as difficulty in forming healthy social relationships with others in the future. In recent years, awareness of the importance of addressing bullying has significantly increased. Schools, parents, and communities are becoming more aware of the actions needed to prevent and address bullying cases in schools. One approach that has been implemented is through the introduction of programs like the Roots Program. The Roots program is designed to promote values such as respect for others, openness, freedom of expression, trust, and safety within the school environment. By involving the entire school community, including students, teachers, staff, and parents, this program aims to create a positive school climate where bullying can be effectively addressed.This research aims to implement the Roots program with the involvement of change agents, with the hope of providing deeper insights into the effectiveness of this program in combating bullying in schools. A qualitative approach focusing on phenomenology is employed in this study. The research location is SMA Negeri 1 Panyabungan, North Sumatra. Data are obtained from primary sources consisting of research subjects, including the school principal, teachers, and members of the Change Agents. Subject selection for the research uses purposive sampling technique. The Bullying Prevention Program, based on Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 82 of 2015, aims to create a safe and comfortable school climate for students. Change Agents at SMA Negeri 1 Panyabungan play a crucial role in implementing this program by positively impacting students and the school as a whole. The success of this program is measured through the ability of change agents to prevent and address bullying incidents in school, as well as through the celebration of the Roots Day Declaration involving the entire school community. It is hoped that this program will help reduce bullying cases and create a more friendly and enjoyable school environment for all involved parties.

Padelegan village is a village that has a variety of processed seafood. Padelegan village has several MSMEs managed by the des aitu community itself. MSME products produced are in the form of processed marine products. Such as anchovy krispi, crab crackers, rengginang lorjuk, and others. The problem experienced by MSMEs in Padelegan Village is that they do not have a PIRT permit which has an impact on product distribution. The solution to this problem is the existence of Pirt permits which will have an impact on product distribution because consumer confidence increases. Community service activities through the Independent Community Service grant program aim to assist MSME actors in applying for Pirt permits. The method of community service consists of several stages, namely preparation, discussion, implementation and assistance, monitoring and evaluation. The method used in this service is to provide assistance in the management of household industrial production certificate (PIRT). The results of this service activity are in the form of Pirt permits owned by partners

The prosecutor as the trial supervisor (Dominus Litis) has a central position in legal protection, because according to the Criminal Procedure Code, only the prosecutor can decide whether a case can be brought to court or not. The prosecutor's space for movement is controlled by a rule that binds the profession, namely the Code of Ethics. Integrity is one of the important things in the contents of the Prosecutor's professional code of ethics. Where a prosecutor needs to have consistency and firmness in upholding noble values ​​and beliefs. Because honest law enforcers will gain trust.  

The implementataion of this service activity aims to determine the difficulties of Papua childrens in orphanages in mastering vocabulary and grammar in understanding English texts. Papuan children experience a lack of vocabulary mastery, lack of self confidence, fear of making mistakes, so it is hoped that with this training participants can improve their ability to use English vocabulary and grammar properly and correctly so that there will be an increase in participants’ skills in master English vocabulary. This service was carried out at the Kartini orphanage in Merauke in February 2024. The duration was 2 times a week namely Thursday and Friday for 3 months through the application of theory and practice with 20 native Papuan children. This service is carried out in the in the form of workshops, training, and mentoring, while the methods used are: (1) providing a handbook to be used during the activity which contains the materials that will be studied during the activity; (2) provide basic material; (3) provide training on vocabulary and grammar to measure the participants’ mastery of vocabulary and grammar. The expected results of this service are: (1) growing interest in indigenous Papuan children learning grammar and vocabulary in the language; (2) increasing knowledge of English vocabulary aand grammar of native Papuan children; (3) increasing English readings skills.

The implementataion of this service activity aims to determine the difficulties of Papua childrens in orphanages in mastering vocabulary and grammar in understanding English texts. Papuan children experience a lack of vocabulary mastery, lack of self confidence, fear of making mistakes, so it is hoped that with this training participants can improve their ability to use English vocabulary and grammar properly and correctly so that there will be an increase in participants’ skills in master English vocabulary. This service was carried out at the Kartini orphanage in Merauke in February 2024. The duration was 2 times a week namely Thursday and Friday for 3 months through the application of theory and practice with 20 native Papuan children. This service is carried out in the in the form of workshops, training, and mentoring, while the methods used are: (1) providing a handbook to be used during the activity which contains the materials that will be studied during the activity; (2) provide basic material; (3) provide training on vocabulary and grammar to measure the participants’ mastery of vocabulary and grammar. The expected results of this service are: (1) growing interest in indigenous Papuan children learning grammar and vocabulary in the language; (2) increasing knowledge of English vocabulary aand grammar of native Papuan children; (3) increasing English readings skills.

This study investigates the impact of introducing the basics of English morphology to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. Morphology, the study of word formation and structure, is fundamental to understanding and mastering any language. The research focuses on how foundational knowledge of English morphology influences EFL students' language acquisition and proficiency. By incorporating morphological instruction into the curriculum, students can enhance their vocabulary, improve their reading comprehension, and develop a deeper understanding of grammatical structures. The study involved a group of EFL students who received systematic instruction in morphology, including the identification and usage of roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Pre- and post-tests were administered to measure the student's progress. The results indicated a significant improvement in the student's linguistic skills, particularly their ability to decode and construct words and overall language comprehension. The findings suggest that integrating morphology into EFL teaching strategies can provide substantial benefits, facilitating more effective language learning and boosting students' confidence in English. This research underscores the importance of morphological awareness in EFL education and offers practical implications for educators aiming to enhance their teaching methods to support student success in acquiring English.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of three main factors, namely Investigative Audit, Professional Judgment, and Whistleblower on the level of disclosure of fraud cases at the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia, taking into account accounting and audit practices. The existence of fraud in a company's financial statements has a serious impact on the integrity of financial markets and investor confidence. Therefore, this study adopts a comprehensive approach to identify the factors that influence the likelihood of fraud disclosure. This research method involves an in-depth literature review to understand the concept and impact of Investigative Audit, Professional Judgment, and Whistleblower on fraud disclosure.  The results of this study will provide better insight into the contribution of these factors to fraud disclosure. The practical implications of this research include increased understanding of the importance of implementing Investigative Audits in detecting and preventing fraud. In addition, this research is also expected to increase the role of Professional Judgment in the audit process, as well as strengthen the role of Whistleblowers as a valuable source of information in revealing fraudulent acts.

This program aims to reduce the percentage of school dropouts in border islands. Through this program, researchers created an educational environment by involving students of the Study Program Student Association (HMPS). This program was held every Saturday in Wakarleli, Maluku Barat Daya, during October 2023 - November 2023 involving around 20 children in various age categories and around 5-10 students at each meeting. The method used in this activity is descriptive method. The activities supporting the program are educational games which are implemented at the beginning and at the end of the meeting, the introduction of letters and numbers, and counting activities. The results of evaluations and interviews show that this program can increase children's confidence levels, train their communication skills, patience, tolerance, and helping attitudes between children. In addition to the great benefits for the children, this program also provides huge benefits for the students and lecturers involved. For students, this program is considered to increase their creativity in making learning media. Where this skill is a much needed skill, especially for students of the Mathematics Education and PGSD Study Programs. In addition, for students of the Law Study Program, this activity can also foster sensitivity in society and improve their communication skills which are also needed in their future profession. In general, in this program students are trained to work together, socialize and build their confidence to be in public.

The aim of this research is to assess the importance of family support in encouraging academic success in children with visual disabilities. The main study in this research focuses on the role of the family in encouraging the academic achievement of children with visual disabilities and the approaches taken. Data collection in this research was through in-depth interviews. The results of this study highlight the important role of family support, particularly parental involvement, in promoting good outcomes for students with visual disabilities. Apart from support from family, educators and peers also play an important role in strengthening self-confidence, academic performance and improving skills in children with visual disabilities. Increased parental support is associated with increased motivation and empowerment to realize the potential of children with visual disabilities.  

Adlerian counseling is a counseling approach developed by psychologist Alfred Adler which focuses on understanding individuals as part of a social and cultural context, as well as individual motivation to achieve life goals, by paying attention to power dynamics, motivation, self-confidence and interpersonal relationships in an effort to help individuals overcome problems and grow personally. The method used in this research is qualitative with a type of literature study. Literature study is solving problems by tracing sources of writing that has been written before. The sources obtained are used as literature study material and are arranged according to the rules of scientific writing. The aim of this research is to find out in depth about Adlerian counseling theory. The research findings discuss: (1) Views on human nature, (2) Subjective perceptions of reality, (3) Unity and patterns of human personality, (4) Social interests and feelings of community, (5) Birth order and sibling relationships.