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The purpose of this study was to determine how to generate PAK teacher attention in increasing self-confidence in class XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Raya, Simalungun Regency, 2024/2025 Academic Year. The research method used is a qualitative method. The determination technique used to collect informants is using purposive sampling. The data collection technique used in this study used semi-structured interviews. The results of the study showed that the attention of PAK teachers in increasing the self-confidence of class XI students of SMK Negeri 1 Raya, namely: (1) PAK teachers have provided optimal attention by providing supervision, guidance, ideas and input. The supervision provided by PAK teachers is classified as very good with a percentage of 75%; (2) providing motivation to students. The motivation given by PAK teachers is classified as very good with a percentage of 85%; (3) some students lack self-confidence which is shown in an optimistic attitude but already have a responsible attitude which is classified as sufficient with a percentage of 43%; and (4) PAK teachers have used good communication with students which aims not to weaken students' self-confidence. PAK teacher communication is classified as good with a percentage of 80%.

This study examines the role of Christian theological teachings in forming adolescent characters in the contemporary era. The modern era, characterized by technological advances and rapid social changes, brings various challenges for adolescents regarding morality, spirituality, and decision-making. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this research uses literature studies from various relevant sources to analyze how theological education can be a strong foundation in shaping character with integrity, strengthening faith, and developing moral resilience for Christian teenagers. The results show that the teachings of Christian theology not only play a role in building a personality based on Christian values but also help teenagers face the challenges of the contemporary era wisely and resolutely.

This study aims to determine the relationship between youth worship systems and faith growth in GKO Pematang Tembesu and to explain how youth worship systems can increase youth faith in GKO. This study is based on the youth worship system carried out by the church, it can be seen that faith is not growing well in adolescents, as seen from poor behavior and lack of responsiveness in following every worship service carried out by GKO. Of course, this is something that really needs to be considered in order to create a strong and God-fearing youth faith. In this study, the researcher used a descriptive inferential method with a quantitative approach, the data obtained through observation, interviews, questionnaires (questionnaires) and documentation. Data is obtained and data processing is carried out in order to obtain the desired results. The population of this study was all GKO adolescents totaling 30 people. This study was carried out by the author at the Oikumene Christian Church, Pematang Tembesu, Jambi and was carried out from November 2023 to January 2024.The results of the questionnaire from the respondents were processed and compiled and tabulated in a table according to the items submitted. To find out the Pearson Product Moment, the rxy value is obtained = 0.666. And with r table 0.308308, it can be said that there is a positive and significant relationship between worship order and faith growth in GKO Pematang Tembesu. With a significant p = 0.000 <0.050, the hypothesis of the study is that there is a positive relationship between worship order and faith growth. This means that based on the research, the hypothesis in this study is accepted. The determinant coefficient (r2) of the relationship between variable x and variable y is r2 = 0.443, this shows that worship order is related to faith growth by 44.3%.

This study focuses on the concept of salvation by grace as taught in Romans 3:23-26 and its relevance to the understanding of the GKPPD congregation today. Through a literature review with a theological approach, it was found that the doctrine of salvation by grace is the core of Christian teaching. In this passage, the Apostle Paul explains that all humans have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23). However, salvation is given through redemption in Christ Jesus, not as a result of human effort, but as a gift of God alone (Romans 3:24). Salvation is given through faith in the blood of Christ which redeems and takes away sin (Romans 3:25). In the context of the congregation today, the understanding of salvation by grace remains relevant. Many GKPPD congregations are still trapped in trying to obtain salvation through or obedience to the law, even though Romans 3:23-26 emphasizes the importance of faith in Christ's redemptive work. This study highlights that teaching about God's grace should foster a sense of gratitude, humility, and commitment to living in faith, not in fear or legalism. This study confirms that the concept of salvation through grace is the center of Christian faith teachings that need to continue to be lived and conveyed in the lives of the GKPPD congregation today and increase theological knowledge about the concept of salvation and can be a reference for theology students and reading materials in the IAKN Tarutung library.

Love is the main principle in Christianity taught by Jesus and emphasized by the Apostle Paul as the fulfillment of the Law. In the context of Batak society, the Dalihan Na Tolu social system regulates social relations based on the principles of honor, solidarity, and responsibility. This research aims to analyze how the law of love in Paul's theology can be integrated with the principles of Dalihan Na Tolu to build contextual Christian ethics in Batak land without losing the essence of the gospel. This research uses a qualitative method with a theological and ethnographic study approach. Literature studies were conducted on biblical texts, Pauline theological sources, and references to Batak culture. Hermeneutic analysis was used to understand the concept of the law of love in Paul's theology, while a study of Dalihan Na Tolu was conducted to identify its relevance to Christian ethics. The results show that there are similar values between the law of love in Paul's theology and the principles of Dalihan Na Tolu, especially in terms of love, respect and solidarity. However, some aspects of Dalihan Na Tolu need to be criticized, especially in terms of social hierarchy that can lead to injustice. Therefore, cultural transformation is needed so that the principle of love taught in the Bible can become the basis of Christian ethics that are relevant to Batak society. This research contributes to the development of contextual theology and provides insight for the church and Batak community in applying the law of love in social and traditional life.

PAK teachers have the responsibility to educate and improve students' learning achievements. Efforts to improve student learning achievement are not an easy task for a teacher because often students cannot achieve learning achievements as expected by teachers and schools. The decline in student learning achievement is caused by students not understanding the teacher's explanations, monotonous and less creative learning methods, low learning motivation, spending more time playing games, and lack of attention from parents/family. This research aims to determine the role of Christian Religious Education teachers in improving the learning achievement of students at Bhakti Insani Vocational School, Bogor City. The research methodology used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study, observation and interview approach. To achieve learning achievement, students need to receive direction, guidance, motivation, creative learning methods, and attention from Christian Religious Education teachers. That is why, good collaboration between teachers, schools, and parents/families helps students improve their learning achievements.

Marriage and marriage must be positioned as something sacred because it is needed to prevent early marriage. The implementation of marriage at a young age is influenced by economic factors, poverty, the effects of bad relationships, premarital sex, and spiritual maturity. This article aims to prevent underage marriage for Christian teenagers. This article uses qualitative methods through observation, interviews and literature studies. This study shows that if Christian educators are more diligent in implementing the prevention of underage marriage, then Christian teenagers will increasingly understand that marriage and marriage are God's gifts that are only allowed for everyone who has experienced adulthood. Conclusion; marriage and marriage are God's gifts that must be carried out when each person has experienced physical, intellectual, social, emotional, moral and spiritual maturity.

In today's life, humans are faced with various challenges. A mature way of thinking is needed. Critical thinking is one of the thinking processes that is qualified in seeing, reading, analysing and responding to situations and issues that require solutions. Critical thinking is the process of analysing, examining and formulating judgements based on deeper thinking in addressing matters that need to be revealed. In this study, using descriptive qualitative research methods through a library research approach. As a result, it was found that the purpose of critical thinking is to reveal the truth by attacking and eliminating everything that is wrong, to reveal the truth. In building a critical mind, humans need the right foundation. Both in terms of knowledge and religion. In research related to building critical thinking skills is through a religious approach, in this case the Christian faith. The Bible is the basis of Christian life. The Bible is the authoritative Word of God in Christian life. The Bible as the foundation of critical thinking reveals that building critical thinking skills requires: Wisdom; Transformation of the intellect; and Testing and Evaluating everything before it is accepted and applied in life.

This study aims to explore church strategies in shaping the character of responsible servants and identify the teaching principles of Jesus according to the Gospel of Matthew 5-7 to be adapted in Christian Religious Education. This article uses descriptive qualitative method based on literature review. The results show that effective church strategies involve discipleship, pastoral counselling, fellowship, and Bible-based teaching. In addition, Jesus' teaching principles such as love, prayer, and obedience become the foundation of responsible character building. This study recommends integrating church strategies and Jesus' teaching principles to support the character building of church ministers and PAK students.

The purpose of this study was to determine the positive and significant influence of teacher creativity on the interest in learning PAK of class X students of SMK Swasta Persiapan Pematang Siantar in the academic year 2024/2025. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with inferential descriptive statistics. The population was 130 class X students of SMK Swasta Persiapan Pematang Siantar and a sample of 40 people was determined using a random sampling technique. Data were collected using a positive closed questionnaire of 35 items. The results of the data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence between the Creativity of Christian Religious Education teachers on the Learning Interests of class X students of SMK Swasta Persiapan Pematang Siantar Academic Year 2024/2025, as evidenced by the following data analysis: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) positive influence test obtained rxy value = 0.551> rtable ( = 0.05, n = 40) = 0.312 thus it is known that there is a positive influence between variable X and variable Y. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount value = 4.072> ttable ( = 0.05, dk = n-2 = 38) = 2.021 thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y ̂="25.127" + 0.912X. b) Regression determination coefficient test (r2) = 30.4%. 3) Hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fcount > Ftable, namely 16.581 > 4.08. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This study aims to determine the positive and significant influence between the Sociodrama Learning Method by PAK Teachers on the Interest in Learning Christian Religious Education and Character Education of Class V Students of SD Negeri 2 Martoba, Simanindo District, Samosir Regency. The research hypothesis is that there is a positive and significant influence of the sociodrama learning method on the interest in learning Christian religious education and character education of class V students of SD Negeri 2 Martoba, Simanindo District, Samosir Regency, Academic Year 2024/2025. The research method uses a quantitative descriptive inferential approach. The population of all students of Class V of SD Negeri 2 Martoba, Simanindo District who are Protestant Christians totaling 32 people as the research sample. The research instrument is a closed questionnaire. The questionnaire trial was conducted on 30 student respondents outside the research respondents, and its validity and reliability have been tested. The results of the data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence between the Sociodrama Method on the Interest in Learning PAK and Character Education of Class V Students of SD Negeri 2 Martoba, Simanindo District, Samosir Regency, Academic Year 2024/2025: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.862> rtable (α = 0.05, n = 32) 0.349, thus there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount value of 9.311> ttable (α = 0.05, dk = n-2 = 30) 2.04227 thus there is a significant relationship between variable x and variable y. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Ŷ = 2.50 + 0.53X. b) Determination coefficient test (r2) = 74.3%. 3) Hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fcount > Ftable (α = 0.05, dk numerator k = 2, dk denominator = n-2 = 32-2 = 30 ) namely 84.73 > 1.62, thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Paul's theology of the Kingdom of God provides a profound understanding of God's governance that is already present and continues to develop in the lives of humanity. This concept encourages Christians to live according to Christian values such as love, justice, forgiveness, and peace. In Batak society, which upholds the principles of Dalihan Na Tolu and mutual cooperation, the values of the Kingdom of God can be integrated with local traditions to create social harmony. Active participation in the community through customary practices and social activities becomes a tangible manifestation of Paul's teachings about the Kingdom of God. Furthermore, this understanding offers hope and strength to Batak Christians in facing life's challenges, making their identity as citizens of the Kingdom of God a source of spiritual motivation. The integration of Paul's theology and Batak culture not only enriches local traditions but also strengthens Christian faith identity within the community. Through this contextual approach, a synergy between faith and culture is created, positively impacting daily life.

Evangelism in the modern era faces unique challenges and opportunities, especially in the context of a pluralistic society and digital technology. This article looks at evangelism from the perspective of Kiyai Sadrach, a Javanese Christian figure known for his contextualised and inclusive approach. Through this analysis, it will look at how Kiyai Sadrach's principles can be applied in the modern context to promote relevant and effective evangelism.

The purpose of this study was to determine the positive and significant influence of the professional competence of PAK teachers on the learning motivation of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Siborongborong 2024/2025. The method used in this study is the quantitative inferential statistical method. The population is all Christian students of class VIII SMP Negeri 2 Siborongborong 2024/2025 totaling 254 people and a sample of 48 people is determined, which is 20% of the population using random sampling techniques. Data were collected using a positive closed questionnaire of 35 items, namely 15 items for variable X and 20 items for variable Y. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a positive and significant influence of the professional competence of PAK teachers on the learning motivation of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Siborongborong 2024/2025 as evidenced by the following data analysis: 1) a positive relationship test obtained a value of rxy = 0.618> rtable ( = 0.05, n = 48) = 0.284 thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) A significant relationship test obtained a value of tcount = 5.330> ttable ( = 0.05, dk = n-2 = 46) = 2.021 thus there is a significant influence between variable X and variable Y. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, the regression equation Y ̂="22.50" + 0.82X was obtained. b) Test of regression determination coefficient (r2) = 38.2%. Thus Ha is accepted and H0

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Problem Solving learning model on student learning activity in Christian Religious Education and Character Education in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2024/2025 Academic Year. The method used in this study uses a quantitative research method. The population is all Protestant Christian students in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2024/2025 Academic Year, totaling 271 people and 41 people were determined as research respondents, namely 15% of the population. Data were collected using a positive closed questionnaire of 50 items. The results of the data analysis show that there is an influence of the Problem Solving learning model on the learning activity of students in Christian Religious Education and Character Education in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2024/2025 Academic Year: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.548> rtable ( = 0.05, n = 41) = 0.308 thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. b) Significant relationship test obtained tcount value = 4.089> ttable ( = 0.05, dk = n-2 = 39) = 2.021 thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y ̂="42","64"+0.84X. b) Regression determination coefficient test (r2) = 30%. 3) Hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fcount > Ftable = ( = 0.05, df numerator k = 15, df denominator = n-2 = 41-2 = 39) which is 16.70 > 1.92. Thus Ha, namely there is an influence of the Problem Solving learning model on the learning activity of students in Christian Religious Education and Character Education in class X of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2024/2025 Academic Year is accepted and H0 is rejected.

Disability refers to the limited roles experienced by people with disabilities. In most groups of society, the existence of disabled people is often viewed negatively. Based on the concept of normality, this group of people tends to give a negative stigma to people with disabilities as abnormal or abnormal humans. What people with disabilities experience is considered a curse, a hereditary disease, or even the result of sinful actions. The Catholic Church in its various teachings places disabled people as God's ideal creatures who are equal to other humans. Specifically, in his apostolic exhortation Amoris Latetitia, Pope Francis invites families and Christian communities to accept and respect the rights of people with disabilities. The presence of disabled people should be seen as a gift from God, and the acceptance of families and Christian communities is the work of the Holy Spirit and a testimony of the gift of human life. This research is a descriptive qualitative study which aims to understand and find concrete implementation of the Catholic Church's view of people with disabilities from the perspective of Amoris Laetitia. The research results show that the Catholic church's views in Amoris Laetitia can be the basis for inclusive pastoral care to open up, embrace and involve people with disabilities in all aspects of church life. Forms of inclusive pastoral care that can be carried out include providing education and awareness about disabled people for the church community, providing accessible facilities for disabled people, providing pastoral and spiritual support, and actively involving disabled people in liturgical and other church activities.

This study aims to determine the effect of exemplary Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers on Christian character building and learning interest of grade XI students of HKBP 1 Tarutung Private High School in the 2023/2024 school year. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with inferential statistics. The study population included all grade XI students, totaling 214 people, with a sample of 43 students (20% of the population). Data were obtained through a closed questionnaire totaling 55 items. The results of the analysis show: 1) There is a significant influence of exemplary PAK teachers on the formation of students' Christian character, with the value of F count 10.628> F table 4.08 and an influence of 20.6%; 2) The exemplary of PAK teachers also affects students' interest in learning, with the value of F count 24.274 > F table 4.08 and an influence of 37.2%; 3) The exemplary of PAK teachers has a simultaneous influence on the formation of Christian character and student interest in learning, with the value of F count 14.411 > F table 3.08 and an influence of 41.9%. This result shows that the exemplary role of PAK teachers plays an important role in the formation of Christian character and increasing students' interest in learning. Thus, Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected, which confirms that the teacher's example has a significant positive impact on students.

Bullying in the school environment, especially at the high school level, has become an issue that is increasingly disturbing and urgent to be addressed. Many students who are victims of bullying experience lasting negative impacts, both psychologically and socially. This phenomenon not only affects students' academic lives, but can also result in serious emotional problems, such as depression and anxiety. Therefore, it is important to find effective solutions to prevent bullying behavior in schools. In this research, researchers used interview methods to explore in-depth data about individual experiences, opinions or feelings that are difficult to measure quantitatively. The role of Indonesian language teachers is very strategic. Apart from teaching language and literature, teachers have the opportunity to instill moral values ​​through selected learning materials. Literary works, for example, often contain themes of humanity and social interaction that are relevant to bullying behavior. By integrating Christian values ​​in language learning, teachers can help students understand the importance of empathy and compassion in relationships between people. From the results of research that has been conducted, it is clear that Indonesian language teachers at Marisi Medan Private High School have a crucial role in preventing bullying through instilling Christian values.

Sinaga, Novita Romaito. 2024. "The Influence of PAK Learning Interest Through the Implementation of the Game Based Learning Model for Class IX of SMP Negeri 4 Doloksanggul, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, Academic Year 2024/2025." Thesis: Christian Religious Education Study Program, Tarutung State Christian Institute. The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of Game Based Learning by PAK teachers on the interest in learning PAK of class IX students of SMP N 4 Doloksanggul for the 2024/2025 academic year. The method used in this research uses quantitative with a descriptive approach to inferential statistics. The population is all class IX students of SMP Negeri 4 Doloksanggul, Humbang Hasundutan Regency for the 2024/2025 academic year, totaling 149 people and a sample of 43 people was determined, namely 30% of the population using simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 46 items. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of Game Based Learning by PAK teachers on the interest in learning PAK of class IX students of SMP N 4 Doloksanggul for the 2024/2025 academic year: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) a positive relationship test obtained a value of rxy = 0.594> rtable = 0.301, thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable significant between variable b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 35.3%. 3) Testing the hypothesis using the F test obtained Fcount> Ftable=22.28>1.51. Thus Ha is that there is a positive and significant influence of Game Based Learning by PAK teachers on the interest in learning PAK of class IX SMP N 4 Doloksanggul Academic Year 2024/2025 is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This study investigates the influence of Koinonia (fellowship), Diakonia (service), and Marturia (witness) on congregational satisfaction at HKBP Cijantung Church. Through a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative regression analysis and qualitative theological reflection, the research explores how these dimensions contribute to members' spiritual fulfilment and overall satisfaction within the church community. Statistical findings reveal a significant positive correlation between active engagement in fellowship activities, service-oriented initiatives, evangelistic efforts, and higher levels of congregational satisfaction. Theological insights underscore the biblical foundations of Koinonia, Diakonia, and Marturia, highlighting their role in shaping church identity and mission. Practical implications suggest enhancing these dimensions to foster community bonding, address social needs, and empower members in their faith journey. This research contributes to understanding the integral role of spiritual practices in church life and offers insights for church leaders seeking to cultivate vibrant, spiritually enriching communities.