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Mental health issues are gaining increasing attention across various sectors of society. One approach used to understand and address these problems is psychodynamic theory, which emphasizes unconscious conflicts and past experiences. This study aims to explore how the application of psychodynamic theory can aid in the healing process of mental health disorders, particularly among individuals with childhood trauma and anxiety disorders. A qualitative method was employed, using a case study approach involving three participants who underwent psychodynamic therapy for six months. The results indicate that through this therapy, participants were able to identify the deep-rooted sources of emotional conflict and demonstrated significant improvement in emotional regulation and interpersonal relationships. These findings highlight the importance of understanding unconscious dynamics in psychological interventions. This research recommends the integration of psychodynamic theory into modern psychotherapy practices as an alternative approach to addressing mental health issues.

Advertising not only serves as a promotional tool, but also reflects corporate social responsibility. This research aims to analyze the relationship between marketing strategy and the application of ethics in advertising, using a descriptive qualitative approach. Tokopedia's “Selalu Ada Selalu Bisa” campaign was used as the main case study to examine ethical communication practices in advertising. The results show that advertisements that emphasize honesty, transparency, and social empathy are able to build consumer trust, strengthen brand image, and increase loyalty. Conversely, misleading advertisements or exploitation of vulnerable groups can damage reputation and public trust. In the fast-paced digital era, a mix of formal regulation and self-regulation is important to maintain the ethics of marketing communications. This study concludes that ethics is not an obstacle to creativity, but rather a strategic foundation that strengthens business sustainability and long-term relationships with society.

This study evaluates the performance of three community detection algorithms—Leiden, Infomap, and Label Propagation—on the legal network of the Republic of Indonesia spanning the period 2014–2024. The network consists of 679 nodes and 2,295 edges, constructed based on citation relationships among regulations. The evaluation employs four network topology metrics: modularity, coverage, conductance, and inter-cluster density. Results show that the Leiden algorithm achieves the highest modularity score (0.522991), indicating the formation of communities with strong internal density. Additionally, it yields the lowest conductance value (0.302455), suggesting relatively well-isolated communities. In contrast, the Label Propagation algorithm produces the highest coverage (0.835294) and inter-cluster density (0.542331), but with a lower modularity (0.431583), reflecting the formation of large communities with less distinct boundaries. Infomap exhibits moderate performance, with a modularity score of 0.508406 and inter-cluster density of 0.420803, yet records a relatively high conductance (0.410409). Network visualizations reveal three major communities for each algorithm, representing thematic clusters such as institutional governance, constitutional law, and public finance. Overall, the Leiden algorithm is considered the most optimal for detecting modular, stable, and thematically coherent community structures within the complex and interrelated network of Indonesian laws.

One type of student service needed by IAKN Tarutung is the Community Service and Practice (KPPM), which takes place in the sixth semester and lasts for three months. Through various community experiences and social activities that involve cooperation between students, the community, and the government, this program aims to meet basic needs and improve the welfare and tranquility of the community in Pohan Tonga Village, Siborongborong District. The two main phases of the research methodology are observation at the village head's office and the implementation of health program activities for the elderly every Wednesday. This activity lasts for 120 minutes and is scheduled once a month in the third week. Activities may include worship, counseling, community service, and physical activities. The community is becoming closer and supporting one another through events facilitated by KPPM such as village clean-ups, community service, and other social gatherings. This creates a peaceful village atmosphere and enhances relationships among residents. Village development projects are planned, implemented, and evaluated with community participation encouraged by KPPM. The community actively participates rather than just watching, fostering a sense of pride in the developmental outcomes. The conclusion of this activity is that KPPM investigates and utilizes the existing potential of Pohan Tonga village, including its human and natural resources. This potential can be a key asset for village development with proper management.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of social media as a means of promoting investment services at PT Victory International Futures, a futures brokerage company operating in Indonesia. In the digital era marked by the development of information and communication technology, social media has become a strategic marketing tool to increase visibility, attract investor interest, and build relationships with customers. This study uses a literature study approach to review various literature related to digital marketing strategies, the role of social media in promotion, and the dynamics of the futures brokerage industry. This study found that social media, such as Instagram, Facebook, and LinkedIn, have a significant role in increasing brand awareness, expanding market reach, and influencing investment decisions. However, its effectiveness depends on relevant content strategies, consistent interactions, and a deep understanding of target audience behavior. This study also identifies challenges such as intense competition in the digital space and the need to comply with financial marketing regulations. The conclusion of this study confirms that targeted and measurable use of social media can improve a company's image and the effectiveness of investment service promotion, with recommendations to optimize digital content and analytics strategies.

Data from the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) indicate that the impact of COVID-19 in 2020, 2021, and peaking in 2022 led to a significant increase in merger and acquisition (M&A) activities. This trend suggests that M&A actions have become an essential strategy for sustaining and enhancing business performance. However, not all M&A activities result in success, making it crucial to understand the factors influencing their outcomes. This study aims to examine and provide empirical evidence on the effect of board size, institutional ownership, and firm size on merger and acquisition performance. Agency theory and signaling theory are employed as the theoretical frameworks to explain the relationships between the independent and dependent variables. The population of this study consists of publicly listed companies that conducted mergers and acquisitions between 2019 and 2023. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, resulting in a total of 150 samples. Data were collected through non-participant observation, and the data analysis technique applied was multiple linear regression. The results show that institutional ownership has a positive effect on merger and acquisition performance. In contrast, board size and firm size do not significantly influence M&A performance. These findings indicate that monitoring by institutional shareholders can enhance the effectiveness of strategic decision-making, while a larger organizational structure and firm size do not necessarily support post-merger integration success.

The purpose of this study is to understand the process of implementing the baritan tradition in Tawangrejo Village and to identify the social and cultural values contained within the tradition. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that the baritan tradition in Tawangrejo Village is held regularly every year, specifically on the eve of Satu Suro (the first day of the Javanese calendar). The tradition begins after the Maghrib prayer, marked by the local community bringing takir plontang, which are placed in the center as the community forms a circle around them. In addition, the baritan tradition contains both social and cultural values. The social values include compassion, responsibility, and social harmony. Meanwhile, the cultural values include the community’s behavior in relation to nature, interpersonal relationships within the society, and shared beliefs about desirable and undesirable actions.    

Analysis of the Role of Teachers in Increasing the Learning Interest of Class IV Students of SDI Betun Kota. Guided by Marsela Luruk Bere and Damian Puling, the formulation of the problem in this study is the Analysis of the Role of Teachers in Increasing the Learning Interest of Class IV Students. Teachers have an important role in conveying knowledge to existing students. Not only playing a role in teaching knowledge, there are many roles of teachers in the learning process. The role of teachers in the learning process is: teachers as educators, teachers as instructors, teachers as guides, teachers as influences, teachers as trainers, teachers as assessors. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of teachers in increasing the learning interest of students at SDI Betun Kota. This research was conducted using qualitative methods. The subjects of this study were the Principal, homeroom teacher IV and Class IV Students of SDI Betun Kota. A person's interest is developed to achieve educational goals, this is because interest is a potential that still requires serious and systematic development and training in order to be realized. However, in reality, many students are less interested in a particular subject because of the minimal role of teachers in developing students' talents and interests. How great is the service of a teacher in developing students' talents and interests, the results of this study show that teachers who are effective in increasing students' interest in learning use innovative learning methods, provide motivation, create a conducive learning environment, and have good relationships with students. This study also found that the use of technology in learning can increase students' interest in learning, thus this study contributes to the understanding of the role of teachers in increasing students' interest in learning and can be a reference for teachers and schools in improving the quality of learning.

Achievement Motivation as the Responsibility of Teachers and Parents Towards Students in the 4.0 Era and Its Relevance in Christian Religious Education. The background of writing this article is to understand the motivation of students' learning achievement in the 4.0 era. The purpose of this study is to improve students' learning achievement, one of the determining factors of success is learning motivation. Motivation plays an important role in encouraging students to study diligently, tenaciously and with full concentration so that learning achievement can be optimal. The research method used in this study is qualitative research through literature study. The results are that learning motivation consists of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation which is influenced by various factors such as ideals, abilities, physical and psychological conditions of students, and the surrounding environment. Teachers and parents have an important role in providing achievement motivation through proper guidance, support, and supervision. In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the challenges of learning motivation are increasingly complex because it facilitates access to technology that can distract students. Therefore, the role of Christian religious education is very important in shaping the character and spiritual values ​​of students so that they are able to face technological challenges wisely, maintain face-to-face relationships, and foster strong learning motivation.    

Language ability is a cornerstone in early childhood development, influencing almost every aspect of life, from social interaction to cognitive skills. A rich vocabulary, the ability to understand instructions, and clear self-expression are important indicators of successful language development. Language plays a very important role in helping children build relationships with others. The process of language acquisition is not something that happens naturally without stimulus, but is highly influenced by the environment where a child grows and develops. The two main environments that play a crucial role in shaping a child's language skills are the family and the school environment.

This research aims to analyze the intrinsic elements and moral values contained in the folklore entitled "Dua Orang Sunan Beradu Jago". Folklore as part of intangible cultural heritage has a wealth of oral literature that is loaded with life messages and moral teachings. In this research using qualitative descriptive methods with content analysis techniques, which is to examine story fragments as the main data source. The intrinsic elements analyzed include themes, characters and plots, plots, settings, points of view, and mandates. While the moral values studied include aspects of human relationships with God, fellow human beings, and the environment. The research results show that this folk tale contains the theme of competition wrapped in religious nuances and local wisdom. The main character, namely two sunan people, is described as a highly educated figure but has their own ego. The story develops through an advanced plot that depicts a power struggle as a symbol of spiritual competition and power. The setting used highlights the cultural atmosphere of the Javanese coastal people. Moral values that can be taken include the importance of humility, staying away from pride, and putting common interests above personal ego. This research is expected to enrich the study of oral literature and become a means of preserving noble values in local culture.

Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems have become a fundamental component of hospital information systems, aiming to improve the quality, efficiency, and continuity of patient care. However, the success of EMR implementation depends largely on user satisfaction. This study investigates user satisfaction with the EMR system implemented at Dr. Soetarto (DKT) Hospital, a mid-tier hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The research addresses issues related to usability, data accuracy, and system responsiveness that potentially hinder effective EMR usage. The objective is to evaluate user satisfaction using the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) framework, which consists of five dimensions: content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness. A quantitative approach was applied through a structured questionnaire distributed to 40 healthcare workers, including medical records staff, nurses, pharmacists, and administrative personnel. Data analysis using Spearman correlation revealed significant positive relationships among all EUCS dimensions, with the strongest association found between format and ease of use. The findings indicate that while users are generally satisfied with the system’s performance, improvements are still needed in timely data retrieval and user interface consistency. This study highlights the critical need for continuous system evaluation and end-user involvement to optimize EMR functionality and healthcare service delivery.

Wasiat Wajibah is a form of legally mandated bequest granted to specific heirs who, according to Islamic law, do not receive a share of the inheritance or receive an insufficient portion. This concept originally developed in Islamic jurisprudence as a solution for promoting social justice, particularly for grandchildren whose parent (the decedent’s child) had passed away before the testator. The transformation of this concept into Indonesia’s national legal system represents a response by the legal framework to the demand for substantive justice in the context of family and inheritance matters. This study aims to examine the concept of wasiat wajibah in Islamic law, its application within Indonesia’s positive law—particularly as regulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law (Kompilasi Hukum Islam/KHI)—and its transformation into national law. The research employs a normative juridical method, with analysis based on primary legal sources, namely the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), especially Articles 171–214 which regulate Islamic inheritance law, and Article 209 which specifically addresses wasiat wajibah. In addition, Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage serves as the legal framework for family law within the national legal system. The findings indicate that wasiat wajibah is a legal innovation inspired by the principles of justice and protection for relatives whose inheritance rights are otherwise excluded. Article 209 of the KHI explains that there is no inheritance relationship between adopted children and adoptive parents; however, a legal breakthrough exists in the form of wasiat wajibah, which governs such relationships. The transformation of wasiat wajibah into the national legal system is carried out through legislation, judicial practice, and is supported by a legal culture that is increasingly responsive to social justice and the realities of contemporary Muslim families.

This study aims to explore the subjective experience of loneliness in early adult Gen Z college students through group counseling with a humanistic approach. Using a qualitative phenomenological method, six female participants aged 20–22 years participated in four group counseling sessions. Data collection was conducted through an initial questionnaire to identify participants' levels of loneliness, followed by in-depth interviews after the counseling session to explore the meaning of their experiences more comprehensively. The results showed that loneliness was associated with a lack of emotional connection, unsupportive family relationships, and shallow social interactions through social media. Group counseling proved to be a safe space to share emotions and build self-awareness, helping participants manage loneliness more healthily.

The digitalization of healthcare had prompted health institutions to adopt digital content marketing as an innovative strategy for service promotion and patient loyalty development, while preserving service reliability as a crucial loyalty factor. Recent empirical research had revealed inconsistent findings about the non-linear relationships among these variables, which necessitated additional investigation incorporating trust as a mediating factor. This research sought to provide empirical validation of how trust mediated the relationship between service reliability, digital content marketing, and patient loyalty within hospital settings. The study employed a cross-sectional methodology using purposive sampling with 119 outpatients from Hermina Kemayoran Hospital in Jakarta. The analytical approach utilized the three box method for descriptive analysis and Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via Smart-PLS 4 for inferential analysis. Results demonstrated that both digital content marketing and service reliability influenced patient loyalty indirectly through trust mediation, though digital content marketing's indirect influence was considerably weaker than its direct impact. The research determined that trust served as a partial mediator in how digital content marketing and service reliability affected patient loyalty development in hospital environments.

This study aims to examine how the construction of sexuality is represented and perceived through Instagram social media. As a dominant visual platform, Instagram plays an important role in shaping body image, gender, and intimate relationships that are often influenced by popular culture, media algorithms, and prevailing social norms. Using a qualitative approach and in-depth interview method with six informants, this study found that the representation of sexuality on Instagram generally reflects ideal body standards, which can cause social and psychological pressures, such as body anxiety, insecurity, and objectification. On the other hand, some users also see Instagram as a space for self-expression, empowerment, and education, especially for those who have a critical awareness of the social construction behind the content. Perceptions of ideal sexuality also vary widely, depending on the cultural background, personal experiences, and visual preferences of each user. These findings emphasize the importance of media literacy and critical reflection so that social media can become a healthier, fairer, and gender-inclusive digital space.

This research presents the design of a card game titled "Kejutan Manis Nusantara", aimed at introducing traditional Indonesian cakes to Generation Z, particularly those aged 18 to 21, in a fun and interactive way. This game combines education about the richness of Indonesian cuisine with a social experience that strengthens relationships among players. The card game design implements semi-realistic illustrations that clearly depict the cakes, making it easy for players to recognize traditional Indonesian cakes. The results of this research are expected to contribute to the preservation of Indonesian culture, especially in the culinary field, while introducing the diversity of Indonesian traditional cakes to the younger generation in an engaging way

This study aims to identify and evaluate employee performance (Y) as the dependent variable and performance allowance (X) as the independent variable at the Banjarmasin State Polytechnic. Employee performance is influenced by work engagement (Z) as an intervening variable. The research employs a quantitative approach, with a sample of 94 employees from Poliban, selected through random sampling. The sample size was determined using Slovin's formula. A Likert scale, ranging from 1 to 5, was used to measure the variables in this study. Path analysis and multiple linear regression were applied to examine the relationships between variables X, Z, and Y. Data were processed using SPSS 25. The study findings reveal four key results: (1) work engagement has a positive and significant direct effect on employee performance; (2) performance allowance has a positive and significant direct effect on work engagement; (3) work engagement positively and significantly mediates the relationship between performance allowance and employee performance; (4) work engagement plays a key role in enhancing employee performance through its mediating effect.  

The concept of 'adab' (propriety or manners) plays a pivotal role in shaping the moral and ethical foundation of education. This study aims to explore the critical function of adab within educational and instructional contexts. Using a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review, this research reveals that adab contributes not only to discipline and behavior management but also fosters the internalization of values essential for lifelong learning. The integration of adab into the educational process enhances teacher-student relationships and supports character education holistically. It is recommended that educational institutions reconsider their approaches to incorporate adab as a central pillar in curriculum design and daily learning activities.

The rapid advancement of technology has significantly transformed the way individuals communicate, particularly through social media platforms. These platforms, often referred to as part of cyberspace, have facilitated seamless and widespread interpersonal interaction. Social media has become a space where various forms of social activity are displayed, including the phenomenon of self-presentation or "showing off. This study employs Social Penetration Theory, which elucidates the process through which interpersonal relationships evolve from superficial exchanges to deeper, more intimate levels of communication. Central to this theory is the concept of self-disclosure, which is considered a driving force in the development of personal relationships. A qualitative research methodology was adopted, utilizing a descriptive phenomenological approach to explore lived experiences and the subjective meanings behind them. Data were collected through a combination of observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that the progression of relational depth among individuals on social media is significantly influenced by the degree of self-disclosure. One notable phenomenon observed is the use of secondary Instagram accounts (often referred to as "second accounts" or "finstas"), which serve as private spaces where users feel more comfortable engaging in authentic self-expression and disclosure.