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Education plays an important role in the development of a nation, with the quality of education being the responsibility of all parties, especially teachers. In Elementary Schools (SD), teachers must utilize various open materials in learning to motivate students, help them explore basic abilities, and guide them to discover their potential. Teaching materials in learning, such as developing teaching materials using a project-based approach that has great potential to integrate local values ​​and utilize the potential of the surrounding environment, so that learning becomes more meaningful for students. In SD Negeri 8 Dobo, it was found that many teachers were not yet skilled in creating open materials in learning and the learning process was still teacher-themed. To overcome this, community service activities were carried out by creating a Workshop on Developing Teaching Materials Based on Projects for Elementary School Teachers in Small Islands. This workshop aims to improve teacher competence, especially in small border island areas, in developing project-based teaching materials. Teachers will be trained to design learning projects that are interesting, challenging, and relevant to the local context, and support their implementation with appropriate open materials. The expected end results include improving teachers' pedagogical skills, the formation of collaborative networks between teachers, and the creation of learning project plans that can be implemented in their respective schools. In addition, this activity will also provide practical strategies to overcome the geographical and social challenges facing teachers in border areas. Thus, this workshop is expected to be a strategic step in improving the quality of education in the region.

The transformation of fiqh principles is crucial in addressing the challenges of Islamic law in the era of social media and e-commerce. As technology advances, new phenomena such as digital transactions, online communication, and social media interactions significantly influence the social and economic dynamics of the Muslim community. In this context, fiqh principles need to be adjusted to remain relevant to the needs of maslahat (public interest) in contemporary times. This article aims to analyze how fiqh principles can be applied in the context of social media and e-commerce, and how they adapt to the changing times to ensure that Islamic principles continue to safeguard the welfare of the community. The approach used is a literature review, focusing on the adaptation of fiqh in facing digital technological advancements.

The Halal Product Guarantee Administering Body (BPJPH) is an official institution that has been authorized based on the mandate of Law no. 30 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantees. BPJPH has high authority in implementing halal certification. Halal certification is mandatory for halal business actors in Indonesia. This research aims to find out how the halal certification process is carried out by BPJPH and the reasons behind why BPJPH implements regulations like this. The research method used is qualitative with a juridical or normative legal approach. This research is included in library research or library research by reviewing literature that is appropriate to the research object. The data sources used are the Halal Product Guarantee Law (UU JPH) and its derivatives and the official BPJPH account which is normative and can be accessed by the public. The research results show that halal certification by BPJPH is carried out in two ways, namely independently/regularly and self-declare. Each has a different halal certification flow. The legal basis for implementing halal certification by BPJPH is Law no. 30 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantees, Government Regulation Number 31 of 2019 concerning Implementation of Halal Product Guarantees, Minister of Religion Regulation Number 26 of 2019 concerning Procedures for Halal Certification, and BPJPH Regulation Number 61 of 2022 concerning SOPs for Halal Certificate Application Services at BPJPH.    

Internship is a learning process and or work practice for students to develop themselves and increase their knowledge about the world of work. This program functions to introduce the world of work to students, as well as improve their competence in the theories that students have learned in lectures to then be applied in the world of work. This internship is carried out by students at the Surabaya Religious Court. The activities carried out include providing consultations and making lawsuits/applications at the posbakum, providing information about court procedures in the information section, further processing lawsuits/applications registered in the registration section, mediating the parties in the case in the mediation room, and finally observing the course of the trial in the courtroom including conducting trial simulations.

The change in marketing behavior from conventional to digital is not balanced by the existence of MSMEs who use digital marketing, even though MSMEs are believed to be able to spur the Indonesian economy. The use of digital technology-based marketing concepts is a hope for MSMEs to develop into centers of economic power. Digital marketing promotional media is expected to be an effective choice for MSMEs in developing their business and reaching national and international markets. Conventional promotional media that require a lot of money and are much more complicated are no longer the main concern for MSMEs because of digital marketing.

Kuliah Kerja Nyata Tematik (KKN-T) merupakan implementasi Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi yang meliputi pendidikan, penelitian, dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Pada tahun 2024, Universitas Negeri Surabaya (UNESA) melaksanakan KKN-T bertema pariwisata, salah satu kelompok yang terlibat adalah kelompok Malang 8, yang bertempat di Desa Wringinanom, Kecamatan Poncokusumo, Kabupaten Malang. Kegiatan ini bertujuan memberikan mahasiswa pengalaman praktis dalam pengelolaan dan pengembangan desa wisata.  Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi potensi pariwisata desa. Sebagai penyangga Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru, Desa Wringinanom memiliki potensi wisata berbasis alam dan budaya yang beragam. Program kerja kelompok Malang 8 difokuskan pada optimalisasi potensi tersebut melalui pemasangan biopori, papan informasi, papan penunjuk arah, papan nama fasilitas, penghijauan, spot foto, workshop clay, jalan santai, dan program pendamping lainnya. Kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa KKN-T UNESA memberikan kontribusi nyata dalam mengembangkan Desa Wringinanom sebagai destinasi wisata unggulan. Diharapkan program ini dapat mendorong keberlanjutan pariwisata desa sekaligus meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat setempat.

Marriage is a physical and spiritual bond between a man and a woman, aimed at forming a happy and lasting family. In marriage, property plays a crucial role and is legally classified as either joint property or personal property, as regulated in Law No. 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). However, property ownership often becomes a source of conflict, sometimes leading to divorce.The legal status of property after divorce depends on the applicable legal framework, whether Islamic law, customary law, or the Civil Code (KUHPerdata). To prevent disputes, couples may establish a prenuptial agreement to regulate property ownership and division. This study employs a normative juridical method by analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research aims to provide an understanding of the legal status of property in marriage and the importance of prenuptial agreements in avoiding conflicts and ensuring a harmonious household.

The type of research in this study is a qualitative research method with description format, while the data collection techniques in this study are: observation, interviews, documentation. Then the data analysis techniques used is data collection, data reduction and conclusion drawing. Informants namely: Department of Industry and Trade of Sinjai Regency, Secretary of Bonto Tengnga Village, Market Traders of Sinjai Village. Tengnga, Bonto Tengnga Village Market Traders, buyers, Bonto Tengnga Village Community. Tengnga Village Community. The results of research on the Effectiveness of the Use of the Village People's Market Bonto Tengnga in Sinjai Borong sub-district, in terms of the number of traders and stalls concluded that the number of traders selling is around 10 people while the available kiosks are 12 but only one kiosk is used. there are 12 but only one kiosk is used. In terms of buyer interest in the People's Market Bonto Tengnga People's Market is still lacking buyers due to the market schedule which is close to the markets in Sorong. with the markets in Sinjai Borong, as well as the lack of income of the surrounding community, most of whom work as shopkeepers. surrounding communities who mostly work as farmers. In terms of Constraints and Obstacles to the Management of the People's Market, the regulation of traders in buying and selling in the market because sometimes the fields do not follow the rules of the market. in the market because sometimes the fields do not follow the government regulations that have been determined and the traders prefer to follow the regulations. government regulations that have been determined and traders prefer to sell in front of the market because they assume that buyers are buyers. because they think that buyers are always in front and do not keep the market clean. market cleanliness.

This study aims to analyze the impact of e-government implementation on increasing efficiency and effectiveness in governance. This is because the important role of digital technology has contributed to improving the public administration process and decision-making in government entities. Digitalization has provided convenience and speed in administrative governance which has an impact on improving public services. Data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and observations of civil servants in Serang Regency. This study found that the implementation of e-government has a significant impact on increasing efficiency in data management and public services, as well as the effectiveness of governance. Digitalization in the context of governance also has a significant impact on efforts to strengthen public services and transparency in the government sector. This study also found that strengthening digital infrastructure and training of human resources in the public sector is needed to maximize the implementation of e-government in governance.

Prior to the Third Amendment of the 1945 Constitution implemented in 2001, there were no rules governing how to resolve conflicts about the constitutional authority of state institutions in the context of Indonesian constitutionalism. In addition, there was no entity that had the authority to decide cases related to the constitutional authority of these institutions. After the Third Amendment of the 1945 Constitution, the Constitutional Court began to be used as a tool to resolve disputes related to the constitutional authority of state institutions. In the event of a dispute regarding constitutional authority, the Indonesian constitutional system provides a way to deal with state institutions when interpreting constitutional orders. In the event of such disputes, this type of research falls under the category of normative research. Constitutional disputes should always be based on the constitution as a clear and consistent source of the Constitutional Court, the public and state institutions can better understand the constitutional boundaries that apply. This is important to create a more effective legal system, where all parties, whether the government, society, or other state institutions, can carry out their roles in accordance with agreed constitutional principles. Therefore, constitutional justice upheld by the Constitutional Court does not only apply to certain cases, but also provides a clear direction for the development of state administration in Indonesia.  

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of macro fundamentals, micro fundamentals, financial performance, and company ownership on the value of companies with state ownership structures listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 20219 to 2023. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach using secondary data for independent and dependent variables. Data is obtained from financial reports, annual reports, and various online platforms including the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. This research targets all state-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2023, with six companies selected using the random sampling method. The results of hypothesis testing show that one independent variable has a significant influence on the dependent variable, while the other eight variables do not have a significant influence on firm value.

This study examines the sustainability of religious activities at Al-Irsyad Mosque before and after the establishment of the West Sumatra Grand Mosque, as well as the contributing factors from mosque administrators and congregants in maintaining these activities despite the presence of the new mosque. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a fieldwork approach. Data collection techniques include direct observation, in-depth interviews with mosque administrators and congregants, and documentation of religious activities. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, and conclusion/verification, with source, technique, and time triangulation employed to ensure data validity.The results indicate that religious activities at Al-Irsyad Mosque continue consistently in various forms, such as congregational prayers, Qur'anic studies, and other religious-social programs. In fact, new services have been added, such as funeral management, which originated from the initiative of the mosque administrators rather than being influenced by the presence of the Grand Mosque. However, a technical disturbance was identified—namely, the disruption of prayer concentration due to overlapping use of loudspeakers (microphones) from the West Sumatra Grand Mosque when activities occur simultaneously.The sustainability of religious activities at Al-Irsyad Mosque is supported by three main factors: effective and visionary leadership, a strong sense of ownership among congregants, and innovative programs tailored to community needs. The firm commitment of the mosque administrators and the active participation of the congregants are key to ensuring the continued role of Al-Irsyad Mosque as a center for religious life amidst external challenges.

The statements of Jesus on the cross represent a deeply theological aspect that must continue to be studied, understood, and applied in today’s Christian ministry. Christian ministry must not ignore the meaning of Jesus’ holy suffering as an expression of His sacrifice to redeem sinful humanity. Unfortunately, there are still some who question the authenticity of this suffering, even believing that the one who was crucified was not Jesus, but one of His disciples or another person. This perspective stands in opposition to the core teachings of the Christian faith.This study aims to narrate the peak quality of Jesus’ holy suffering through His seven last sayings on the cross. The research uses a qualitative method with a library research approach and grammatical analysis of biblical texts. Data were collected from theological literature and analyzed in light of biblical implications concerning the idea of Jesus’ suffering.The findings show that each statement of Jesus on the cross holds profound theological meaning and reflects God’s eternal plan for the redemption of human sin. A grammatical analysis of these texts strengthens the understanding that Jesus’ suffering is not only a historical event but also bears a deep spiritual significance essential for human salvation. Therefore, the teaching of Jesus’ words on the cross must become an integral part of church ministry today to strengthen the faith of believers in the truth of the Gospel.

The Kei Islands community adheres to the Larvul Ngabal customary law, which governs various aspects of social and economic life. The philosophy of Ain Ni Ain, emphasizing brotherhood and justice, serves as the foundation for Yelim, a mutual aid system for managing social funds within the community. Additionally, the Kei people have implemented cultural accounting practices in recording and managing communal funds, which align with the principles of transparency and accountability in Islamic banking. However, the acceptance of Islamic banking among the Kei people remains a challenge, particularly within a multireligious community. This study is a sociological legal research (Socio-Legal Research) that employs a descriptive qualitative method with an ethnomethodological approach, involving interviews with customary leaders, religious figures, business actors, and the general public. The findings indicate that the values of Ain Ni Ain and Yelim align with Islamic banking principles, particularly in terms of social justice and financial transparency. Moreover, cultural accounting practices in communal fund management reflect an accountability mechanism similar to Islamic accounting standards. Thus, integrating Kei’s indigenous financial system with Islamic banking offers an innovative approach to enhancing financial inclusion in multireligious societies.    

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease induced by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and can attack human organs, especially the lungs. The entry of this antigen causes the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines which cause liver cells to synthesize acute phase proteins such as C-Reactive Protein (CRP). C-Reactive Protein is a type of alpha globulin protein that appears in the blood in response to inflammation in the body. The aim of this study was to determine the description of CRP in pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the Naibonat Community Health Center. The method used is descriptive with a cross sectional study design method. This research was carried out at the Naibonat Health Center Laboratory, Kupang Regency from February to April 2024. The examination method used was the qualitative latex agglutination method. The results of CRP examination on pulmonary TB patients from a total of 23 respondents obtained reactive results for 8 samples (35%) and non-reactive results for 15 samples (65%). Based on the results of reactive CRP, the highest number was found in males, 6 people (26%), while the highest number was found in the age range 12-25 years, 4 patients (Teenagers) (17%), with the highest length of treatment at 0 -2 months (intensive stage) as many as 6 patients (35%), with the highest patient status being new TB as many as 8 patients (35%), with the highest treatment status being non-resistant as many as 6 patients (26%).

Background: Spinal anesthesia is anesthesia performed on patients who are still conscious with the aim of eliminating the conductivity process at the sensory nerve endings or fibers in certain parts of the body. Research Objectives: This study aims to determine changes in blood pressure before induction of spinal anesthesia and after induction of spinalanesthesia.        Research Methodology: Thisresearchisa descriptive observational study with a quantitative research design that focuses on variable analysis, especially intra-anesthesia blood pressure after application of spinal anesthesia. This research uses an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. Results: It is known that the systolic blood pressure 5 minutes after spinal anesthesia was found to be mean (114.89 mmHg), median (118 times/minute) and mode (132 times/minute), diastole 5 minutes after spinal anesthesia was obtained as mean (70.09 mmHg), Median (70 times/minute), and Mode (70 times/minute). It is known that systolic blood pressure 10 minutes after spinalanes the siaobtained Mean (102.96mmHg), Median (102 times/minute) and Mode (80 times/minute), Diastole 10 minutes after spinal anesthesia obtained Mean (67.32mmHg), Median (70 times/minute), and Mode (60 times/minute). It is known that systolic blood pressure 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia obtained Mean (119.47 mmHg), Median (118 times/minute) and     Mode (100 times/minute), Diastole 15 minutes after spinal anesthesia obtained mean (71.11 mmHg), Median (70 times/minute), and Mode (80 times/minute). Conclusion: This study can conclude that patients undergoing spinal anesthesia may experience a decline due to the effects of spinal anesthesia.

Children's emotional development during childhood is a very important basis in forming attitudes, values ​​and behavior in the future. Parenting styles play a very important role in the formation and emotional development of children. This research examines various types of parenting patterns applied by parents and their impact on children's psychological well-being. Based on literature analysis from ten journals, it was found that positive parenting styles, such as authoritative, can support the development of children's emotional regulation and self-confidence. On the other hand, authoritarian or permissive parenting can actually hinder a child's ability to express emotions in a healthy way. The results of this study show that early social experiences and a positive family environment greatly influence children's emotional development, which ultimately has an impact on their success in the future. This research highlights the importance of parental attention in implementing parenting patterns that support children's emotional

This article analyzes the word “seed” as a metaphor of God's word in Jesus' parables found in the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) with a semantic approach. The metaphor of “seed” in the context of first-century agriculture is used by Jesus to describe human responses to God's words, which are likened to different types of soil. This study explores the literal, metaphorical, and symbolic meanings of the Greek word σπόρος (sporos), and compares its usage in the three Synoptic Gospels to reveal differences in their narrative emphases. This study shows that the metaphor of “seed” not only describes the dynamics of spiritual growth, but also conveys a theological message about the importance of faith, perseverance, and readiness of heart in receiving God's word. As such, this article offers a new perspective that connects biblical and linguistic studies to deepen the understanding of Jesus' teaching.  

This community service activity aims to integrate theory and practice through the construction of simple shelters by the academic community of the Vocational Program at Gorontalo State University. The activity is motivated by the need to improve the technical competence and social skills of building architecture students. The method used is participatory action learning, involving students and faculty members from planning to evaluation. The activities include group division, case studies at brick and block factories, construction of the lower, middle, and upper structures, and final assessment. The results showed that 70% of students mastered construction skills in accordance with simple building standards, with the final product being a functional shelter. The main challenges faced were team coordination and time management. Discussions confirmed that this model is effective in enhancing technical skills, teamwork, and understanding of sustainable construction, and is worth replicating in other vocational programs. The shelter construction also provided an opportunity to reflect on real-world applications of architectural theory, while addressing pressing community needs. Through active participation, students gained firsthand knowledge in applying design concepts and construction techniques that are crucial to the construction industry. Furthermore, the activity demonstrated the potential for developing students' abilities to apply architectural concepts that are not only relevant to academic requirements but also to practical, community-based construction needs. The project also emphasized the importance of sustainable building practices, focusing on materials and methods that minimize environmental impact. The construction of the shelter not only provided practical experience but also enriched students' knowledge in creating environmentally friendly and sustainable construction solutions.

Cashew leaves or also called monkey guava are known by many people, especially in Southeast Sulawesi and are believed to have a number of health benefits but are still rarely known by some people. This study aims to determine the profile of secondary metabolite content and determine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale Linn) using the extraction method by maceration. The extraction process of old cashew leaves is carried out by the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent for 3 days of soaking and stirring every 24 hours, then concentration is carried out through the evaporation process. Phytochemical testing includes identification of alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids and saponins, as well as testing antioxidant activity using the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). The results showed that the extract of cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale Linn) strongly positive contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids, steroids and saponins. Based on the results of the IC50 calculation, 96% ethanol extract has the highest antioxidant activity at a concentration of 14.35 ppm (µg/mL) with a very high category. The content of secondary metabolites and very high antioxidant activity from the results obtained, explain that cashew nuts have the potential to increase body immunity and can be used in various antioxidant food products so that cashew leaves are more economically valuable for the community.